... affect the actual Ca2+ binding affinity of SERCA2a (the actual amount of Ca2+ bound to the enzyme at a given low Ca2+ concentration) , but rather the kinetics of enzyme activation by bound Ca2+ On the ... Ca2+ -ATPase, SERCA2a The majority ofthe intracellular Ca2+ (approximately 70%) is re- sequestered back into the lumen ofthe SR by the Ca2+ pump, SERCA2a, making Ca2+ available for the next contraction ... next contraction (1) Therefore, the rate of Ca2+ transport by SERCA2a determines both the rate of myofilament relaxation, and the size ofthe contractile-dependent SR Ca2+ store Ca2+ pump activity...
... oftheblood 23 Coagulability oftheblood 24 Separation ofthe serum 24 Resistance ofthe red corpuscles 25 THE MORPHOLOGY OFTHEBLOOD 27 A METHODS OF INVESTIGATION 29 [alpha] Preparation of ... for besides the estimation ofthe specific gravity ofthe total blood, they have carried out that of one at least of its constituents, either ofthe corpuscles or ofthe serum The red blood corpuscles ... increase ofthe lymphocytes ofthe blood; Frọnkel like Uskoff regards it as the emigration ofthe young forms ofthe white blood corpuscles into theblood He concludes logically from the diminution of...
... activities of HSF1, HSF2 and HSF4 As the functions ofthe HSF family members differ, so also the molecular mechanisms by which they are regulated Albeit they all recognize and bind HSEs, theRegulation ... altered [88] These results shed light on the regulatory mechanisms steering the developmental expression pattern of HSF2, and they also provide the first example of involvement of miRNAs in the HSF ... development ofthe lens and maintenance ofthe olfactory epithelium [102] The first evidence for a developmental function of HSF4 was provided by population genetic studies where mutations ofthe Hsf4...
... and the use ofthe designation "European Venture Capital Fund" should be sanctioned by the prohibition ofthe use ofthe designation and the removal ofthe venture capital fund manager ofthe ... threshold of EUR 500 million or, in the Member States where the Euro is not the official currency, the corresponding value in the national currency on the date ofthe entry into force of this Regulation ... decision of revocation shall put an end to the delegation ofthe power specified in that decision It shall take effect the day following the publication ofthe decision in the Official Journal of the...
... or nonexistent effect of T800 on the Ca2+ -linked regulationofthe actin–HMM ATPase is entirely consistent with the lack of effect on the Ca2+ -controlled on/off switch of thin filament motion ... remained in the pellet independently ofthe other components and the ionic strength ofthe mixture In the presence of ATP, the amount of bound HMM was very similar (average value of 52.5 ± 1.1%) ... solution On the other hand, the acceleration ofthe sliding velocity (and the lower number of stops) of thin filaments could be related to a diminution ofthe load in the actin–myosin interface The properties...
... the RNA content and cDNA synthesis in the different preparations Furthermore, the PCR primers for glyceraldehyde3-phosphate dehydrogenase and FAAH were selected on the basis ofthe sequence of ... view of these considerations, our findings should warrant further studies on the pharmacological effects of THC, endocannabinoids and PalEtn on dendritic cells, and on the possible regulationofthe ... marrow stem cells, are the most potent antigen-presenting cells ofthe immune system They play a central role in the initiation of primary immune response and in the enhancement of secondary immune...
... transient rise ofthe intracellular concentrationof Ca2+ This is followed by the formation ofthe Ca2+ ⁄ CaM complex and the initiation of elaborated mechanisms pertaining to the control ofthe receptor ... and the subsequent degradation ofthe receptor in transfected human embryonic kidney cells [50] Direct regulationofthe EGFR by CaM The direct regulationofthe EGFR upon binding ofthe Ca2+ ... Nck [72] The binding of these proteins could prevent the interaction ofthe Ca2+ ⁄ CaM complex to the receptor if the CaMBD were occluded at least in part Nevertheless, the docking of these adaptor...
... because the demand ofthe chloroplast is ‘sensed’ inside the organelle, the IEM is closest to the origin ofthe signal, and thus regulation at the Tic complex could be one ofthe fastest ways to ... which anchor the protein in the membrane The position and function ofthe long C-terminal tail on the other hand remains a matter of controversy [10,11,13–15] According to one hypothesis, the hydrophilic ... is the recruitment of FNR from the stroma or even thylakoids to the Tic complex in order to become part ofthe hypothetical electron transfer chain mentioned above However, the involvement of the...
... Proposal for a REGULATIONOFTHE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OFTHE COUNCIL on the Cohesion Fund and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 1084/2006 THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OFTHE EUROPEAN ... transmission ofthe draft legislative act to the national Parliaments, Having regard to the opinion ofthe European Economic and Social Committee6, Having regard to the opinion ofthe Committee ofthe ... increasing the use of conditionalities and simplifying the delivery are among the major hallmarks ofthe proposal This Regulation sets out the provisions governing the Cohesion Fund, and repealing Regulation...
... hydrogenase of a photosynthetic eukaryotic cell, represents a novel type of Fe-hydrogenases Parts ofthe deduced amino-acid sequence ofthe cDNA correspond to the polypeptide sequence ofthe tryptic ... addition to the detection ofthe protein using antibodies raised against the Fe-hydrogenase, the localization ofthe mature protein in the chloroplast stroma is indicated by a high content of hydroxylated ... [50,51] Anaerobic treatment of maize seedlings alters the profile of total protein synthesis [52,53] It is known that the induction ofthe anaerobic proteins is the result of an increased mRNA level...
... price If patients want the brand, they must pay the difference between the MAC and the cost ofthe brand (plus any other co-payment) Thus the main customers of generic firms are the large pharmacy ... III Effects of Safety and Efficacy Regulations: Evidence and Issues 18 Costs ofRegulation Much ofthe early economic analysis of pharmaceutical regulation focused on effects ofthe 1962 Kefauver-Harris ... under review in the US The 1962 Amendments define the regulations that largely still operate today They strengthened safety requirements; added the requirement that drugs show proof of efficacy,...
... authority ofthe Member State in whose territory the investigation is to be carried out ofthe investigation and ofthe identity ofthe authorised persons Officials ofthe competent authority ofthe ... provisions oftheRegulation have been breached The fine shall be dissuasive and proportionate to the nature and seriousness ofthe breach, the duration ofthe breach and the economic capacity ofthe ... committed a breach oftheRegulation Those measures include the temporary prohibition ofthe issuing of credit ratings and the suspension ofthe use ofthe credit ratings concerned until the infringement...
... in the sigG mutant The aforementioned result is expected in view ofthe downregulation of sigH and the upregulation of sigD upon the deletion of sigG in M tuberculosis [90] This finding further ... replication in the lung during the short-term infection of mice [109,110], the negative regulationof their synthesis by rM negates the possibility of its role in virulence during the early course of infection ... FEBS 607 The r-factors of M tuberculosis P Sachdeva et al the decreased levels ofthe sigA transcript might reflect a decrease in the mRNA pool relative to the total RNA ofthe cell [24] The sigA...
... majority ofthe studies have been done on the GnRH-I promoter, and there are only a few regarding regulationofthe GnRH-II gene Regulationof GnRH gene expression The GnRH-I promoter In view ofthe ... transfection studies on the hGnRH-II promoter construct coupled to luciferase Self -regulation of GnRH gene The role of GnRH in theregulationof synthesis and secretion of gonadotropins in the pituitary ... employed, they are unlikely to resemble the actual complexity of gene regulation in the brain or other organs Only recently has the development of various transgenic mice enabled the investigation of...
... APTT reagent in the absence of Ca2+ In these experiments, the kallikreinkinin system had been activated before the addition of triafestin-1 or triafestin-2 In the absence of Ca2+ , factor XIa ... widely distributed in saliva of other blood- sucking arthropods and whether they prevent the release of bradykinin during blood- feeding by a mechanism similar to that of hamadarin In this study, ... induces their conformational changes, which regulate the accessibility of these proteins to activating surfaces [511] Therefore, we investigated the effects of Zn2+ concentrations on the interaction...
... [18–20] Other studies have suggested that the binding of p65 to the cofactors renders them unavailable for gene activation [20–22] In the context ofthe GnRH II promoter, there is a cluster of enhancing ... for the repression of GnRH II gene in TE671 cells On the other hand, over-expression of RARs together with the application of RAs in JEG-3 cells led to significant (P < 0.001) alleviation ofthe ... target gene repression [35,41] The present study discusses the transcriptional regulationofthe hGnRH II It is also the first report of differential regulationofthe gene in two GnRH IIexpressing...
... interesting that the )10 sequence is located inside the iron box of desA (nucleotides 7–12 ofthe iron box), explaining theregulationof desA expression by binding of DmdR1 to the iron box The same ... cluster expression ofthe des cluster is mediated by the DmdR1 regulator Results Deletion ofthe desA gene of S coelicolor blocks desferrioxamine biosynthesis The organization ofthe putative desferrioxamine ... extension analysis ofthe transcription start (TS) point ofthe S coelicolor desA promoter Comparison ofthe reaction sequences ofthe promoter region (T, G, C, A) with that ofthe primer extension...
... mouse brain This supports the hypothesis that the rate of transcription of CB1 in the striatum of symptomatic R6/2 mice is similar to the rate of transcription in regions ofthe brain where CB1 is ... affected the onset and rate of decline of CB1 mRNA levels Moreover, because the final steady-state level of CB1 mRNA was the same in both models of transgenic HD mice and the rate of decline ofthe ... the length ofthe CAG repeat or relative expression levels ofthe huntingtin transgene affected the rate at which the function of this factor was lost in the two lines of transgenic HD mice The...
... a Ca2+ ⁄ 2H+ exchanger that is also located in the IM The process of Ca2+ uptake is driven by the membrane potential; the process of Ca2+ release is driven by the pH gradient, in the case ofthe ... prevents the formation of crystalline Ca2+ -phosphate precipitates Upon prolonged accumulation of Ca2+ , the storage capacity of this ‘nucleation factor’ is exceeded, and the Ca2+ concentration in the ... the presence of a lipophilic anion (picrate), indicating the electrophoretic nature ofthe calciphorin Ca2+ complex The Ca2+ extraction was strongly inhibited by ruthenium red and lanthanum The...
... or they are in the same pathway, but each raises the rate of production of exosomes (two distinct rate-limiting steps) p53 regulates the internalization of EGFR from the plasma membrane into the ... whether a p53 response could accelerate removal ofthe EGFR from the plasma membrane In H460 cells, the localization ofthe EGFR was determined by fluorescent immunostaining In the absence of ... activity The results confirmed the conclusions presented in Fig 5D, activation of p53 increased the removal of both EGFR and caveolin-1 proteins from the surface and they colocalized within the cell These...