... salaryincreases, titles, security, and promotions for increased leisure time and expanded lifestyle options (Robbins, 2003). This generation has values that doHuman Resource Portals and the Protean Career ... opportunities and postings, handlingpayroll deductions, participating in retirement planning, changing records suchas marital status or address, and having access to company policies and procedures. ... change-of-address forms and completing benefits enroll-ment, in the hands of employees, Web-based human resource self-servicedramatically reduces the amount of time that human resource staffers spend...
... owners.What Is Parallel Processing? Parallel Processing andParallel Databases 1-5■ Nodes usually share resources, such as data, disks, and other devices Parallel Processing for SMPs and MPPs Parallel ... Is Parallel Processing? Parallel Processing andParallel Databases 1-3Figure 1–2 Parallel Processing: Executing Component Tasks in Parallel These figures contrast sequential processing with parallel ... system.Volume _Parallel is the transaction volume processed in a given amount oftime on a parallel system.Scaleup =Volume _Parallel Volume_Original Parallel Processing andParallel Databases 1-11Parallel...
... IntroductionPipelineParallelismIntraoperation Parallelism (Parallel join) Intraoperation Parallelism (Parallel join)Intraoperation Parallelism (Parallel join)Join1Table 1Mixed ParallelismTable ... IntroductionWithout an understanding of the kinds of parallel technology and parallel machines that are available for parallel database processing, our introductorydiscussion on parallel databases will ... 101.4. Forms of Parallelism 121.4.1. Interquery Parallelism 131.4.2. Intraquery Parallelism 141.4.3. Intraoperation Parallelism 151.4.4. Interoperation Parallelism 151.4.5. Mixed Parallelism—A...
... watermark.78 Chapter 4 Parallel Sort and GroupByfollowed by parallelism of GroupBy queries in Section 4.4. The analytical modelsfor the sorting and GroupBy are given in Sections 4.5 and 4.6, respectively.4.1 ... localsearching method for parallel search algorithms.It can be deduced from the local searching method above that parallelism inthe search algorithm is based on data parallelism, whereby parallelism is ... up and scale up.1.4. Outline the main differences between transaction scale up and data scale up.1.5. Describe the relationship between the following:žInterquery parallelismžIntraquery parallelism1.6....
... methods. Yamane and Take(1987) and Zhao et al. (2000) proposed a parallel partition sort. Lorie and Young(VLDB 1999) concentrated on the communication costs of parallel sorting, whereasLo and Huang ... watermark.102 Chapter 4 Parallel Sort and GroupBymerge-sort costs in parallel redistribution binary-merge sort are the same as thosein parallel merge-all sort.The pipeline merging costs in parallel redistribution ... similar to those of parallel merge-all sort,except for one main difference, that is, here we use Ri and jRij, not R and jRj in parallel merge-all sort. The reason is simple—in parallel redistribution...
... the joinquery result and the product of the two tables R and S. For example, if there are100 and 200 records from table R and table S, respectively, and the join betweenR and S produces 50 records, ... parallel join with set operators and aggregates. Liang and Orlowska(1996) focused on parallel multidimensional aggregates, whereas Hassan and Bamha (2006) later proposed parallel group-by-join queries ... between equations 6.7 and 6.12 in terms of the selectivityratio σRin equation 6.7 and σR1in equation 6.12.6.7. Explain the similarity and difference between equations 6.7 and 6.8. Illustrate...
... of each parallel indexing structure in the context of parallel search and join query processing.7.7.1 Comparative Analysis of Parallel Search IndexIn this section, parallel one-index and multi-index ... queries, parallel algorithms for each ofthese collection join queries are studied, particularly:ž Parallel collection-equi join algorithms,ž Parallel collection-intersect join algorithms, and ž Parallel ... (e.g., parallel hash join) is applied instead.7.7 COMPARATIVE ANALYSISAs there are different kinds of parallel indexing structures and consequently vari-ous parallel algorithms for search and...
... query processing and optimization. The tasks of parallel query optimization can be divided into two major areas, parallel query opti-mization andparallel query execution. Parallel query optimization ... hash collection-intersect join algorithmž Parallel sort-hash algorithm, and ž Parallel hash algorithmThe main difference between parallel subcollection and collection-intersectalgorithms is, ... with parallel query execution, focusing on effi-cient formulation of parallel algorithms of each query operation. This chapter, onthe other hand, concentrates on parallel query optimization, and...
... toboth autonomous and heterogeneous computing and data resources.Advanced scientific and business applications are data intensive. These applica-tions are collaborative in nature, and data is collected ... ST12. Since both transactions need to access DB2 and DB3, the subtransactionswould be (ST12 and ST13 )and( ST22 and ST23)forT1 and T2, respectively.Data access must be synchronized ... systems. Machado and Collet (DASFAA 1997) described a parallel execu-tion model for database transactions, and Wang et al. (Parallel Computing 1997)focused on concurrency control in parallel transaction...
... enters in waitstate and holds all the resources, computing, and data, until the global decisionis received, Grid-ACP releases all resources after sending the local decision and enters into a “sleep” ... subtransaction enters into the “sleep” state, all computing and data resourcescan be released. All sites are autonomous and thus cannot hold resources for anyexternal process.If any of the other ... protocol, and explain how it solves the concurrency issues in the Grid.11.5. Compare and contrast the difference between GCC and any other concurrency controlprotocols (e.g., distributed databases and...
... studies the parallelization of OLAP queries. We have looked at themultidimensional analysis framework and introduced heuristics for parallelizingslicing and dicing operations. Formulae and bounds ... chapters on parallel data mining (Chapters 16 and 17) is twofold:High-Performance Parallel Database Processing and Grid Databases,by David Taniar, Clement Leung, Wenny Rahayu, and Sushant GoelCopyright ... optimized and parallelized. In Section 15.2, we examine ROLLUP queries, while CUBE queriesare examined in Section 15.3. The parallelization of Top-N and ranking queries arecovered in Section 15.4, and...
... data parallelism and result paral-lelism in parallel clustering.Data Parallelism Parallel k-MeansLike count distribution in parallel association rules andparallel sequential patterns,data parallelism ... a query), intra-operation parallelism (partitioned parallelism or data parallelism), interoperationparallelism (pipelined parallelism and independent parallelism), and mixed paral-lelism. In ... patterndiscovery, association rules and sequential patterns.Parallelism for data mining techniques, including data parallelism and resultparallelism, was introduced. These two parallelism methods are also...
... subqueriesexecution scheduling andparallel subqueries execution scheduling, whereas for parallel data mining, this chapter introduces data parallelism and result paral-lelism. A parallel decision tree ... J., and Seshadri, P., “Leveraging Non-Uniform Resources for Parallel Query Processing”, Proceedings of Cluster Computing and the Grid (CCGRID),2003.Miranda, B., Lima, A.A.B., Valduriez, P., and ... whereas result parallelism is identical to parallel subqueries executionscheduling. Both data parallelism and result parallelism for a decision tree aredescribed below.Data Parallelism for...