gene silencing a potential problem of plant expression

... Mizoguchi A, Kimura-Kawakami M, Adachi T, Iwami M, Nagasawa H, Suzuki A & Ishizaki H (1990) Molecular cloning of the Bombyx mori prothoracicotropic hormone Science 247, 1333–1335 Adachi-Yamada T, Iwami ... Biosciences, Palo Alto, CA, USA) Reporter gene analysis Four days after injection with recombinant AcNPV, the brain–SG complex of larvae and pupae was dissected out in NaCl ⁄ Pi and mounted onto a hole-slide ... integument and muscle at both larval and pupal stages (Fig 4A, lanes and 15) as well as in the fat body at the pupal stage (Fig 4A, lane 12) The PTTH mRNA was exclusively expressed in the brain–SG...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 20:20

... U and M plasmid was 5'-ATCCAAGACGGAATTCGTTTTCCTGATTCTGGAG-3' The UBA2 gene fragment was amplified from plasmid pcDNA3.1HHR2 3A by PCR The 5' primer used was 5'ATCCAAGACGGAATTCACGCCGCAGGAGAAAGAAGCTATAG-3'; ... 5'ATCCAAGACGGAATTCACGCCGCAGGAGAAAGAAGCTATAG-3'; the 3' primer for the APOPEC3G-UBA2 fusion was 5'-ATCGTACTCGAAGCTTCTAACTCAGGAGGAAGTTGGCAG-3'; and the 3' primer for the APOPEC3G-UBA2* fusion was 5'-ATCGTACTCGAAGCTTCTAACTCAGagcGAAGTTGGCAG-3' ... construction of all three plasmids was 5'-GCGCGCGCGCCTCGAGACCATGAAGCCTCACTT-3'; The 3' primers used for the construction of the E plasmid was 5'-ATCCAAGACGGAATTCCTAGAACTCGTTTTCCTGATTCTGGAG-3' and the...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:21

... 50(4):406-409 41 Lavitrano M, Stoppacciaro A, Bacci ML, et al Human decay accelerating factor transgenic pigs for xenotransplantation obtained by sperm-mediated gene transfer Transplant Proc 1999; ... vectors have the additional advantage of high gene transfer rates (7080% of animals born are transgenic) Accordingly, lentiviral vectors represent plausible candidates for human germline gene therapy ... however gene transfer via pronuclear microinjection has also been carried out with a wide range of other mammals including rats, rabbits, and farmyard animals Accordingly, it is to be expected that...

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2012, 10:01

... hira-kana, kata-kana, and kanji The two kanas are phonological syllabaries Kanji are originally Chinese idiographic characters As we have many kanji characters that are both homophonic and synonymous, ... of an MWE is stated in Field-H in the form of a non-segmented hira-kana (phonetic character) string An example is given in Figure 4.1 Japanese has three notational options: hira-kana, kata-kana, ... for example: ・Phrase-based machine translation ・Phrase-based speech recognition ・Phrase-based kana-to-kanji conversion ・Search engine for Japanese corpus ・Paraphrasing system ・Japanese dialoguer...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... Tarauaca, Xapuri Rondonia – Ariquemes, Calama, Costa Marques, Jiparana, Ouro Preto, Pimenta Bueno, Jaru Mato Grosso: Aracotuba, Cartriquaca, Itauba, Vila Bella Provenance-wise conservation- India Introduced ... months in a year - average annual rain fall of 7.5mm per day - average of 90 rainy days/ year 18 First year post- drought data on range and mean of growth characters in the hot-spot region Characters ... the availability of sufficient genetic variability 1981-IRRDB germplasm collection – a valuable reservoir of genes for various abiotic stresses Acre : Brasileia, Feijo, Sena Madureira, Tarauaca,...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 04:20

... Syntax and Semantics of a Meaning Representation Language for JANUS' In: Research and Development in Natural Language Understanding as Part of th ee Strategic Computing Program, Annual Technical ... ordinarily taken to be a one-place predicates turns into a two-place predicate that takes individuals and times as its arguments The variable t r occurs as a free variable in (23) and stands ... phrases (Bach 1980), the narrow scope analysis, which I have developed in this paper, has the advantage of leading to a straightforward compositional syntax and semantics of tense In the syntax...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 18:20

... nitrogen concentration of 40 mM and the cell growth was inhibited at a high initial nitrogen concentration of 80 mM Similarly, the accumulation of total saponin and polysaccharide were also influenced ... culture maintenance [6] But use of this suspected carcinogen often create health and safety concerns Alterations in the environmental factors such as nutrient levels, light, and temperature may also ... The maximum biomass yield of cell suspension culture of ginseng was obtained in medium containing 2,4-D as compared to IBA or NAA However, ginsenoside production was much higher in IBA or NAA containing...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 10:20

... glutinosa grey A incana green A viIidis hazel A selTulata Italian A cordata Japanese A japonica red A rubra Sitka A viIidis subsp sinuata thinleaf A incana subsp tenuif olia white A rhombifolia alecost ... alecost Tanacetum balsamita Alexanders Smyrniwl1 olusatrum Alisma L (Alismataceae) uh-liz-muh Water plantain Gk name for a water plant spp aquatic herbs Worldwide plantago-aquatica L plan- tay-gohuh-kwat-i-kuh ... trees E Asia to Australia allissima (Mill.) SWingle al-tis-i-muh Tree of heaven Lat tallest China air plant Kalanchoe pinnata A jania Poljakov (Asteraceae) uh-jah-nee-uh Of Ajan, E Russia 34 spp.,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 11:51

... USA) NaOH was added to the desalted DNA solution at a final concentration of 0.3 m After incubation at 37 °C for min, ammonium acetate was added at a final concentration of 2.7 m and the DNA was precipitated ... Goto K, Kanazawa A, Kusaba M & Masuta C (2003) A simple and rapid method to detect plant siRNA using nonradioactive probes Plant Mol Biol Rep 21, 51–58 38 Hirai S, Oka S, Adachi E & Kodama H (2007) ... total fatty acids and the amounts of NtFAD3 mRNA and NtFAD3 siRNA in leaves are shown A representative 18:3 level of each plant is shown The constitutively expressed 28S rRNA and 5S rRNA are also...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 21:20

... therapy, with a surrogate marker, may have additional value as particularly effective immunomodulatory activity, such as that observed with natalizumab, may have a potential downside [26] that ... liver transplantation Transplantation 1990, 49:659-663 Stevenson FK, Georg AJ, Walters MT, Hamblin TJ: Analysis of soluble HLA class II antigenic material in patients with immu- Page of (page number ... that IFN β- 1a up-regulates the expression of HLA class II genes/molecules The elevation of saliva sHLA-II in our patients, in association with clinical and MRI stability, may also be indicative...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... equation in the interval 1, L Hence it is natural to assume knowledge about u at a second point Let us summarize what we have so far The constant C in Lemma 2.4 is unchanged The propagated data ... regularization method for a Cauchy problem of the Helmholtz equation,” Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, vol 233, no 8, pp 1969–1979, 2010 12 L Eld´ n and F Berntsson, “Spectral and ... matrix The eigenvalues of A are λ1,2 ± ξ2 k2 Thus we can factorize A as A Λ XΛX H , where X is a unitary matrix, X H X written as 2.9 I; it follows that the solution of the system 2.8 can be XeΛ x−1...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 16:20

... is a consequence of very classical Whipple’s transformation and the Pfaff–Saalsch¨tz formula u the electronic journal of combinatorics 11 (2004), #R22 a multiple generalization of Whipple’s transformation ... Theorems and Proposition ([2], Section 4.3) We have c, d, −m a, + a, a, + a − c, + a − d, + a + m F4 (1 + a) m (1 + a − c − d)m (1 + a − c)m (1 + a − d)m = (7) and F6 a, + a, b, c, d, e, −m a, + a − ... obtained for cn , cn and general cn , r ≥ We would like to conclude the paper by the following q-question Problem Find and solve an appropriate q-analogue of Problem Acknowledgements I was greatly...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 08:20

... (’moderate akathisia’) Fluvoxamine (50 mg, twice a day) was administered Substantial relief of akathisia was noted on day of fluvoxamine treatment The dose of aripiprazole was increased to 24 ... with antipsychotic treatment Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic drug that acts as a partial agonist at dopamine D receptors and serotonin 5hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 1A receptors, and an antagonist at ... was increased to 12 mg His global score on the Barnes Akathisia Scale was Administration of fluvoxamine (50 mg, twice a day) rapidly improved the akathisia He showed no signs of akathisia after...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 23:21

... transplantation of cartilage In vivo analysis in rabbits repair by synovial mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in rabbits (a) Cell transplantation on a cartilage defect in a rabbit by the local adherent ... were analyzed using a grading system consisting of five categories (cell mor- 15 aTotal smooth area of the reparative cartilage compared with the entire area of the cartilage defect bAverage thickness ... cartilage Mostly hyaline cartilage Mostly fibrocartilage Mostly non-cartilage Noncartilage only Matrix-staining (metachromasia) Normal (compared with host adjacent cartilage) Slightly reduces Markedly...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:23

... spectrometry analysis Far-UV CD measurement at 20°C was made on an Aviv 202 CD spectrometer (Lakewood, NJ) in the department of chemistry of NYU Data were the average of 4-6 accumulations, using scanning ... migration patterns of Nef mutant C142&206 /A (Cys55 modified) and C55&142 /A (Cys206 modified) were the same as that of C206 /A and C55 /A Taken together, the mutagenesis data suggest that Cys55 and ... HIV-1 activity Our finding suggests that TPCK can serve as a prototype of a class of drugs that retains the Cys55 modification activity but has desired pharmacodynamic and pharmacological properties...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... this article as: Shimamoto: Polyurethane sheet: A potential substitute of surgical cotton gauze Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery 2011 6:26 Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central and take ... polyurethane sheet This study indicates that the blood absorption power of the polyurethane sheet is equivalent to that of the cotton gauze even after repeated use, and it has the potential to decrease ... warranted, polyurethane sheets may function as a substitute of conventional surgical gauze, thus facilitating a more efficient surgery Competing interests None: Dr.Shimamoto has no commercial...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:23

... Genomic DNA UBC9GENOM-F 5’-gTTTTggAAATgTTgACAggAC-3’ ATHB1F 5’ gCggAATTCATggAATCCAATTCgTTTTTC 3’ EcoRI ATHB1 and ATHB1WCT cloning ATHB1R 5’ gCgggATCCTAAggCCATCCCCAgAAAg 3’ BamH1 ATHB1 cloning ATHB1WCTR ... Transfl 5’-gCggATCCACCATgTCTTTCAACAAgTA-3’ BamHI H4-H1 cloning H1CDS-R 5’-ggggAgCTCTCAATTgAATTgTggTTgTTCC-3’ SacI H4-H1 cloning H1*H4F 5’-gTTggAggTgTAAAAAATAgggAgCCAgC-3’ H1*H4R 5’-TATTTTTTTAgCACCTCCAACTgATTgAgTAgg-3’ ... cloning H1atF 5’-gggggATCCgCTgATgACTTgCACTggAATggC-3’ BamHI H1WCT cloning H1qR 5’-CCAACCATggCCAAAACCCTg-3’ H1 qRT-PCR H1qF 5’-ggCCggCAgATCATCAACTTC-3’ H1 qRT-PCR H4qR 5’-gCCgAgTCTTAgAACTCCAACCACTTTTg-3’...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... Sama SK, Bhargava S, Nath NG, Talwar JR, Nayak NC, Tandon BN, Wig KL: Noncirrhotic portal fibrosis Am J Med 1971, 51:160-169 Ichimura S, Sasaki R, Takemura Y, Iwata H, Obata H, Okuda H, Imai F: The ... malaise, anorexia, diarrhea, abdominal pain and weight loss He had not been compliant with a GFD in the past year despite our recommendation Abdominal CT scan showed splenomegaly, thickening of ... microsomes (ALKM-1), antimitochondrial antibody (AMA), and anti-liver cytosol antigen antibody (ALC-1), were negative The serum gammaglobulin level was normal A gluten free diet was advised At a month...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 20:20

... http://www.virologyj.com/content/7/1/248 Page of 11 Table Current Clinical Trials for siRNA Therapeutics Disease Mode of administration Status Company Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) Topical Phase II Allergan Respiratory ... cytoplasm the pre-miRNA enters the same pathway as the above mentioned siRNA At the end both miRNAs and siRNAs bind to mRNA and induce mRNA cleavage, translational repression, and cleavage-independent ... Phase I Calando Silence Therapeutics AG Acute renal failure Systemic Phase I Quark Pharmaceuticals/Pfizer Diabetic macular edema Topical Phase II Silence/Quark/Pfizer Metastatic melanoma Local/direct...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 01:22

... sequence TTGAC TTGAC(C/T) TTGACC TTGACT TTTGAC(C/T) TTGACA CACGTG TGACG ACCGACA (A/ G)CCGAC GCCGCC CC (A/ T)6CG CATGTG (A/ C)TCC (A/ T)ACC TAAC(G/C)GTT TAACTAAC A( A/C)C (A/ T )A( A/C)C GGATGTA CCAAT Observed ... bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo) and fungal blast caused by Magnaporthe grisea through activation of salicylic acid (SA)-dependent pathways and suppression of jasmonic acid ... regions of many pathogenesis-related genes [18] Based on the core sequence (TTGAC) of a W-box, there are variant W-boxes, TTTGACA, TTTGAC(C/T), TTGACTT, TTGAC (A/ C), TTGAC (A/ C )A, and TTGAC (A/ C)(C/G/T),...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:20