gene regulation and rna turnover in oocytes oocyte specific gene transcription

... restraining the expression of pro-myeloid factors (such as Gfi1), and acting directly to induce the recombinase (Rag) genes and thereby recombination at the immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus Interestingly, ... AID-interacting protein Interestingly, he found that an AID mutant deficient in CTNNBL1 binding retains deamination activity but is impaired in class switching, suggesting that CTNNBL1 may specifically ... activities) Interestingly, Merkenschlager noted that because cohesin does not co-localize with CTCF in Drosophila, this mechanism of gene regulation by cohesin is vertebrate specific Epigenetic regulation...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:22

... dependent increase in CT for RNA amplification was also noted, with incubation temperatures of 25°C and 30°C resulting in smaller increases in CT values for RNA detection than incubation at 35°C Incubation ... of incubation temperature on DNA degradation and RNA detection in the presence of UNGa 25°C 30°C 35°C Analyte (dil.) Controlc CT incr CT incr CT incr RNA (undil.)b RNA (1:10) RNA (1:100) RNA ... concentration and incubation temperature on DNA degradation and RNA detectiona 0.5 U UNG 15°C 1.0 U UNG 20°C 25°C 15°C 20°C 25°C Analyte (dil.) Controlc CT incr CT incr CT incr CT incr CT incr CT incr RNA...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... dependent increase in CT for RNA amplification was also noted, with incubation temperatures of 25°C and 30°C resulting in smaller increases in CT values for RNA detection than incubation at 35°C Incubation ... of incubation temperature on DNA degradation and RNA detection in the presence of UNGa 25°C 30°C 35°C Analyte (dil.) Controlc CT incr CT incr CT incr RNA (undil.)b RNA (1:10) RNA (1:100) RNA ... concentration and incubation temperature on DNA degradation and RNA detectiona 0.5 U UNG 15°C 1.0 U UNG 20°C 25°C 15°C 20°C 25°C Analyte (dil.) Controlc CT incr CT incr CT incr CT incr CT incr CT incr RNA...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... those used by Rapp and Lossaint [18] and Merino and Martin [ 14] Fifteen 0.25-m collecting baskets in each plot were randomly positioned 25 cm above the soil in the Kermes oak shrublands They had ... fall and nutrient cycles in Kermes oak shrublands in Spain and 2) to provide new data from stands with different ecological conditions and fire histories MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1 Study area and ... Productivity and management of Kermes oak brushlands for goats, in: Le Houerou H.N (Ed.), Int Symp Browse in Africa, ILCA, Addis Abeba, [21] Rodin L.E., Bazilevich N.J., Production and Mineral Cycling in...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 23:22

... the ischemic and non-ischemic liver lobes were fixed in buffered 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin, and used for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining Other portions of ischemic and non-ischemic ... Pselectin and ICAM-1, adhesion molecules involved in cytokine production, neutrophil infiltration, and hepatocellular injury, following hepatic I/R injury after short and longer periods of insult ... at sites of inflammation [35] The importance of α4- and α 9-integrin/VCAM-1 pathways in neutrophil infiltration in I/R-induced hepatic injury remains unclear Further, other proteins are recognized...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:21

... occupations with increased exposure such as in the electrical and electronic industry, oil refining, rubber, airplane industry, farming, manufacturing industry, pharmaceutical industry, laboratory ... metalloproteases (TIMPs); (2) serine proteases, including urokinase, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI); and (3) cysteine proteases164-166 48 The intracellular mechanisms ... such as fibronectin, tenscin, laminin, integrins, collagen and vitronectin are utilized by glioma cells for invasion164-171 1.11.3 Angiogenesis Tumours are dependent on angiogenesis, the formation...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 12:13

... subdomains A and B and the spacer region) the highest homology between the pRb protein family is found in the A and B subdomains The pocket-domain is responsible for binding to proteins containing ... formation in mice with somatic inactivation of the retinoblastoma gene in interphotoreceptor retinal binding protein-expressing cells Oncogene 21:4635–4645 Voorhoeve PM, Watson RJ, Farlie PG, Bernards ... while the pocket-domain and the C-domain are involved in binding E2F proteins Mdm2 (as well as c-Abl) binds to the C-domain All pocket proteins are subject to phosphorylation (indicated with “P”)...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 21:20

... proteolysis of ubiquitin-tagged proteins [41] Ubiquitination of proteins is catalysed by three enzymes: ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1), ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) and ubiquitin protein ligase (E3) ... mechanisms acting at each level The hierarchical regulation can be divided into several levels, i.e mRNA synthesis and degradation, protein synthesis and degradation and protein modification The finding ... versus gene expression before examining specific metabolites Earlier regulation analysis studies of nitrogen starvation in yeast revealed mixed and diverse regulation [9] Both gene expression and...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 06:20

... for 30 and then fixed, permeabilized and stained for F-actin with rhodamine-conjugated phalloidin The effects of toxin B and latrunculin B on the actin filaments was examined by preincubating the ... permeabilized and stained for F-actin with rhodamine-conjugated phalloidin (B) The kinetics of CTGF/CCN2 mRNA accumulation in jasplakinolide- and swinholide A-treated cells were determined for the indicated ... to F-actin ratio, suggesting that RhoA/actin-independent signaling mechanisms are involved in anisomycin-induced CTGF/ CCN2 expression CTGF /CCN2 gene regulation through MAP kinase signaling Because...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... development by dueling HATs and HDACs Curr Opin Genet Dev 11, 497–504 49 Puri, P.L & Sartorelli, V (2000) Regulation of muscle regulatory factors by DNA-binding, interacting proteins, and post-transcriptional ... staining patterns (comparing and 2) and by the yellow color resulting from combination of green and red fluorescence in that iPLA2c is localized, in large part, to the mitochondrial compartment in ... splice site within exon resulting in a truncated exon that is missing the 88 kDa iPLA2c start site Interestingly, the alternative splicing that generates variant IV results in a new 5¢ in- frame AUG...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... format generally consist of a transcriptional activation domain fused to a DNAbinding domain (DBD) and a ligand-binding domain (LBD) The chimeric gene (transactivation domain– DBD–LBD) is expressed ... flexible ligand-binding pocket [34] Mutational analysis in the LBD of CfEcR showed that the ligand-binding pocket of this EcR is highly flexible and that a single amino acid substitu- FEBS Journal 275 ... a significant increase in ligand sensitivity and a conspicuous reduction in the background reporter gene expression levels in the absence of ligand As shown in Fig 4B, the VGCfEWt gene switch plants...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... the strain with intact PLD1 gene and analysis of the turnover products indicate that high PtdCho turnover observed in SFH2 and SFH4 overexpressing cells is linked to Pld1p activity Determination ... microinjection into fetal bovine heart endothelial cells, PITP-a was predominantly present in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm [48] Ó FEBS 2003 Fig Phosphatidylcholine turnover in strains overexpressing ... formation, indicating that Sec14p and the two homologues act as inhibitors of Plb1p in vivo This observation explains at least in part the low Plb1p activity in wild-type cells Interestingly, the inhibitory...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 18:20

... BMP-2 maintained the mineralizing RNA profile of igf-1, alp, and bmp-2 and significantly increased expression of other genes associated with mineralization like col1a1, fn, ilgf-1, noggin and oc ... significant increases in growth related genes egf-1, fgf-2, cox-2, TGFb, vegfA, vegfr and mmp3 and down -regulation of mineralizing related genes) Vegf and vegfr1 are primary regulators of angiogenesis, ... regulating prostaglandin H2 synthase-2 mRNA level in the amnion and chorion during pregnancy J Endocrinol 2006, 188:603-610 18 Hughes-Fulford M, Gilbertson V: Osteoblast fibronectin mRNA, protein...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... BMP-2 maintained the mineralizing RNA profile of igf-1, alp, and bmp-2 and significantly increased expression of other genes associated with mineralization like col1a1, fn, ilgf-1, noggin and oc ... significant increases in growth related genes egf-1, fgf-2, cox-2, TGFb, vegfA, vegfr and mmp3 and down -regulation of mineralizing related genes) Vegf and vegfr1 are primary regulators of angiogenesis, ... regulating prostaglandin H2 synthase-2 mRNA level in the amnion and chorion during pregnancy J Endocrinol 2006, 188:603-610 18 Hughes-Fulford M, Gilbertson V: Osteoblast fibronectin mRNA, protein...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase pathway was identified The combination of RNAi and gene- expression profiling provides further insight into gene function and the regulatory networks controlling ... sequences and epigenetics, are involved in controlling meiotic recombination in humans Nutritional influences during prenatal and early postnatal development may affect gene expression, and subsequently ... Piccini (Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany) presented their genome-wide analysis of transcription factors in association with gene regulation Using RNAi, Piccini and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 17:22

... complex S2 Serine of yeast RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain S2-P Phosphorylated serine of yeast RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain S5 Serine of yeast RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain S5-P Phosphorylated ... Phosphorylated serine of yeast RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain S7 Serine of yeast RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain S7-P Phosphorylated serine of yeast RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain S cerevisiae ... specific protein interactions or looking for post-translational modifications (Pavelka et al., 2008) Determining protein-protein interactions in large protein complexes is key in understanding the function...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 09:44

... (Luthi and Martin, 2007), including lamins, kinases, and proteins involved in DNA replication, cell survival and mRNA splicing, resulting in morphological cell death known as apoptosis Generally, ... to link TRAF6 and IKK The first set of proteins described to be linking TRAF6 and IKK, are transformining growth β activated kinase (TAK1), TAK1-binding protein (TAB1) and TAK1-binding protein ... modify amino-terminal tails of histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4), therefore influencing chromatin structures and transcriptional activity on DNA (Wu and Grunstein, 2000; Jenuwein and Allis,...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:45

... Transcription Factor) Features PHD zinc finger protein PHD zinc finger protein Composite PHD zinc fingerbromodomain proteins PHD zinc finger protein Bromodomain protein PHD zinc finger proteins ... PHD-bromodomain-interacting domain of TRIP-Br proteins 1.1 Designing peptides that antagonize physical 51 interactions between TRIP-Br proteins and PHD zinc fingers and/ or bromodomain-containing proteins ... resulting in the assembly of an E2F-1/DP-1/TRIP-Br1 ternary complex PHD zinc finger- and/ or bromodomain-containing proteins such as p300/CBP and KRIP-1 compete for binding to TRIP-Br proteins and...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 17:12

... serine/threonine kinases, regulatory GTPases and transcription factors 2.5 Epigenetic Gene Regulation Epigenetic gene regulation alters the transcriptional activity of genes without changing the DNA ... Epigenetic control is recognized as the third pathway of inactivation of genes besides loss of heterogeneity and gene mutation (Jones and Laird, 1999; Baylin and Herman, 2000) Epigenetic gene regulation ... result in chromosomal instability (CIN) and the other 15% are due to events that result in microsatellite instability (MSI or MIN) (Kinzler and Vogelstein, 1998; Lengauer et al., 1998; Lindblom,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/10/2015, 15:37

... Standards (or Ambient Environment Standard), (2) Effluent Standards; and (3) Supporting Standards (testing, sampling standards etc) Most of supporting standards are adapted from those of International ... non-banking capital, including firm’s equity and funds mobilized from the informal banking system including the firm’s employees (VIE 2001: 43) In theory, all firms share a level playing field, meaning ... technical aspect in the dyeing-finishing process It is the liquid ratio in dyeing The quantity of chemicals in the machine is determined by the concentration of the dyeing batch and most of these...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2013, 18:48