formation of the human germ line in vitro

... actin-remodeling process, the ENA ⁄ VASP family proteins bind to both the barbed end and sides of actin filaments [15–18] These actin-binding activities are conserved in the EVH2 domain [19,20] On the other ... hand, the EVH1 domain binds to proteins containing the consensus sequence D ⁄ E FPPPPXD ⁄ E [21–23] The Pro-rich domain also binds to profilin and proteins containing the SH3 and WW domains [17,24–26] ... new findings related to the recombination activities of the EVH2 domain suggest that the ENA ⁄ VASP family proteins, which contain the EVH2 domain at their C-terminus, may be involved in DSB repair...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 04:20

... levels and fewer days of coasting (17) As insulin is one of the main factors that stimulate vascular endothelial growth factor production by luteinized granulosa cells, and metformin decreases ovarian ... (Nidacon, Gothenburg, Sweden) gradient (26) Retrieval of testicular sperm may be an option for men with continuing high DNA fragmentation (27) In the same individuals, the level of fragmentation in testicular ... underlining the importance of a thorough evaluation of the uterine cavity (35) Generally, a uterine septum should be incised before going on to IVF because of the higher risk of spontaneous abortion...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 16:20

... metalloproteinases mediating matrix degradation in interleukin 1-stimulated human articular cartilage Matrix 1993, 13:95-102 Vincenti MP, Clark IM, Brinckerhoff CE: Using inhibitors of metalloproteinases ... performed using an RNeasy Mini Kit protocol (Qiagen), including the DNA removal step, according to the manufacturer's guidelines RNA was eluted in 40 μl of RNasefree water (Qiagen) Measurement of proteoglycan ... reaction components The reaction was incubated at 42°C for 90 min, and terminated by heat inactivation at 70°C for 15 Measurement of GAG levels The level of GAG appearing in the medium of explants,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... analysis of p53 mRNA and protein in this family in order to further elucidate the consequences of the mutation in the expression of p53 and the possible mechanism of carcinogenesis in carriers of the ... of elution (retention time), while the Y axis indicates height of the peaks been reported either as a germ- line or as somatic mutation Discussion Identification of a germ- line TP53 mutation in ... sequence of the insertion, PCR products corresponding to exon were cloned using the TOPO-TA Cloning Kit for Sequencing, (Invitrogen) according to manufacturer instructions The product of the ligation...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:21

... sequence changes found in the isolates indicated The table lists each isolate and the base at each position in the sequence The arrows indicate the limits of the reported sequences The figure is adapted ... suggesting that particular genomes replicate better in these cells compared to macrophages We are in the process of determining if longer culturing affects the variability Pn is a measure of the ... were obtained from ATCC The cell types were cultured using the methods recommended by ATCC Single cell clones were established from these cell lines for the sake of uniformity of data and the removal...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:20

... testicular germ cells [28], in the transitional epithelial cells of the bladder [20], and in the basal cell line of epidermis and oral mucosa [29] Inactivation of hMSH2, one of the most commonly hMMR ... staining of the nucleus, regardless of staining intensity Cell counting was performed in six high-power microscopic fields (400x, Standard 20, ZEISS), which comprised almost all of the OLP epithelium ... transformation [24] hMSH2 is especially expressed in human cells that are undergoing rapid renewal: in the lower-two thirds of gastrointestinal glands [15], in the more primitive testicular germ...

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2012, 09:54

... meaning of words denoting parts of the human body in English 1) Abdomen 1 .The part of the body, below the chest, containing the stomach, bowels The back part of an insect 2) Arm Either of the ... of garment covering the knee 42) Knuckle Any joint in the fingers esp those where the fingers joint the rest of the hand ( of animal) Knee or joint joining the leg to the foot esp as apiece of ... - The bowel of the earth The hand of a child - The hand of a lock The heart of a man - The heart of a matter 37 The tongue of a man - The tongue of a shoe The tooth of a person - The tooth of...

Ngày tải lên: 18/12/2013, 21:45

... represent the last subunits incorporated into the bc1 complex On the other hand, the absence of Qcr9p in the DQCR9 ⁄ DQCR10 strain prevented the binding of ISP (Fig 4B) Interestingly, in the absence of ... comparable amounts in both yeast strains Therefore, the reason for the disappearance of the bc1 dimer in the yeast strain in which Qcr10p is missing remains unknown On the basis of all the above reported ... It was also shown that the accessory factor Bcs1p in humans is involved in ISP binding into the mitochondrial bc1 complex [41] On the basis of the findings obtained in the present study, we can...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 08:20

... alanine If the aromatic side chain is involved in the interaction with DNA, then its replacement with alanine, a short side chain amino acid residue, should affect the DNA binding of the protein ... However, the fluorescence changes of these proteins were almost saturated at bases per monomer of poly(dT), showing that the changes were mainly due to the binding of the first DNA, while the binding of ... that of HsRad51 in the absence of DNA (Figs 2D,E) These results suggest that the Tyr232 residue is within neither the subunit–subunit interface nor the ATP-binding site In contrast to the salt-induced...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 06:20

... the genes involved in the pathway in the same operon; the cell can then respond quickly to changes in the environment by changing the expression of only a few genes and using the protein-synthesizing ... second gene in the las operon (Fig 1) In order to obtain strains with increased PK activity an additional copy of the pyk gene was recombined into the TP901-1 attachment site using the site-specific ... would result in an increased phosphoenolpyruvate pool, which in turn would enhance the activity of the PTS system and thereby result in further increases in hexose phosphate pools The decreased...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 17:20

... value in Table 1) is taken as 100% (B) Basal incorporation of BrdU into proliferating LXF-289 cells in the presence of the inhibitors for the kinases calcium ⁄ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ... effectors of neoplastic transformation and the ubiquitous expression of the purinergic receptors led to the investigation of the therapeutic potential of nucleotides and P2 receptors in clinical ... results further indicate the involvement of both MAPKs, ERK1 ⁄ and p38, in the signaling pathways, consistent with the inhibition of the antiproliferative activity of ATP by the MEK1 ⁄ inhibitors...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... further evidence for the role of PPARc in the regulation of TP gene expression within the vasculature and point to further critical differences into the modes of regulation of TPa and TPb in humans ... largely independent of 15d-PGJ2 stimulation Examination of PPARc ⁄ RXRa interactions within the PPRE To further investigate the identity and specificity of the DNA ⁄ protein interactions within the ... agonists in the regulation of those events In addition, these data point to further differences in the modes of transcriptional regulation of the individual TPa and TPb isoforms in humans and...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... the RAR family are involved in the DNA–protein Complex in TE671 cells Intriguingly, along with the abolition of Complex A formation by RAR-specific antibody, there was a concomitant increase in ... Fig Fine mapping of the putative silencing element in the first intron of the hGnRH II gene The series of mutational constructs (A) were cotransfected (1 lg each) with 0.5 pSV-b-gal vector into ... present study aimed to define the cis-acting element and investigate the protein factors involved in regulation of the hGnRH II gene in TE61 and JEG-3 cells These cell lines, which endogenously co-express...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 10:20

... dependent on the sequence of the plasmid as the incorporation of radioactive dNMPs was the same whether the plasmid pJC389 or pJC433 was used in the cell-free replication assay (data not shown) In parallel, ... lanes) The positions of linearized template DNAs are indicated by arrows characterize further these processes we made use of purified systems Firstly we examined the efficiency of primer formation ... in vitro assays are carried out with naked plasmid DNA Nucleosomes may interfere with the initiation of replication and evidence exists that the binding of transcription factors to sites in the...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 03:20

... mutations of MC1R are indeed frequent in HMC lines, and that impairment of signaling through the cAMP cascade occurs in these cells even in the absence of mutations in the coding region of the gene Finally, ... protein In many GPCRs, the third intracellular loop and the cytoplasmic C-terminal extension are the main regions involved in coupling to the G proteins [2] It is clear that in the case of the ... is common in HMC lines, consistent with previous reports of increased melanoma risk in individuals carrying germline mutations of the MC1R gene [19–21], and with the notion that loss-offunction...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20

... rate in the absence of ADP (A) and in the presence of 250 lM ADP (B) Experimental conditions as in Fig located in a sequence that connects the putative metal binding site in the TM domain to the ... defect in the communication between the metal binding and phosphorylation sites It should be noted that binding of the metal ion initiates the catalytic cycle [6] This binding event in the TM ... involved in binding of Mg2+ [34–37] Moreover, the E1 to E2 transition may be linked to changes in Mg2+ ligation so that in the E1 state Mg2+ is ligated by residues in the hinge motif in the P domain...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 17:20

... Methods of the study To conduct this graduation paper, I spent much time on reference books and on the internet to select the valuable information relating to the theme the forming of the plural ... system of theories and various examples from reference books and on the internet That are the ways I study my graduation paper Scope of the study Studying on the formation of the plural nouns in ... their original Greek or Latin forms make their plurals according to the rules of Greek and Latin Noun in -us (original Latin) the forein plural is -i as in: Eg: Singular form Plural form Stimulus...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 17:10

... sequence of nine random amino acids, followed by a His6-tag in the C-terminus of capsid protein 10 Thereby, the phages display a random nonamer on their surface, and by interactions of the His6-tag the ... once, this is indicated by the corresponding number to the left of the sequence The amino acids are color coded according to the side chain properties as indicated in the key For the Arg143 fi ... indicated at the bottom of (A) (B, D) The cleavage of a number of substrates by HC The names and sequences of the different substrates are indicated above the pictures of the gels The times of...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 21:21

... represent the percentage of the binding activity of a shifted complex (the ratio of the density area in arbitrary scanning units, and the sum of the density areas of all shifted complexes, including ... lg of proteinase K, indicating that they are indeed formed by the interaction of proteins and DNA (data not shown) UV cross-linking assays were carried out to estimate the size of the proteins ... 1, the reaction was done in the absence of proteins In subsequent lanes, the reactions were done with 75 mM fraction as the protein source and in the presence of increasing concentration of competitor...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20

... from carrying out primer extension at 22 °C Fast annealing may decrease the likelihood of the self-folding of the template DNA, while it may increase the probability of primer binding to the template ... bases at the 3¢-end of primer In this work, the reopening of the hairpin structure and the subsequent primer extensions were attempted by dividing the reaction into aliquots, and incubating at ... type of DNA hairpin’s reopening temperature embedded in a DNA molecule has been developed in this work The method utilizes the knowledge of DNA hairpin structure formation in vitro and the effects...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20