... Unsurprisingly, uptake in these countries is high (as well as in
Sweden and the US). In the UK it is much lower but rising (de Cock and
71HIV in pregnancy
4
HIV in pregnancy: ethical issues in screening ... contravene existing guide-
lines – in particular, the Declaration of Helsinki (World Medical Association,
1996) and the international ethical guidelines for biomedical research involv-
ing human subjects ... 12: 21–6.
UK Intercollegiate Working Party for Enhancing Voluntary ConWdential HIV Testing
in Pregnancy (1998). Reducing Mother to Child Transmission of HIV Infection in the
United Kingdom. London:...
... largely according to Figure 1.1.
Although, from reading about research, it
is
easy to think about a single project
beginning and ending at specific points of time, there is, in the research world, ... needed in the laboratory, in dealing with
those who need convincing that the research is necessary, and in arranging details of
the design which will ensure valid results whilst retaining cooperation ... when interpreting results and evaluating one's research.
The articles covered in the survey cited by Valentine did not exactly set a shining
example. Probably
85%
used inadequate sampling...
... purchasing decision.
The insight gained from perceptual mapping and conjoint analysis can be a valuable asset in marketing
decision making. These techniques can help you gain insight into your ... specialized marketing research methods. This
chapter discusses two families of specialized marketing research methods, perceptual mapping and
conjoint analysis. Perceptual mapping methods produce ... catalog.
∗
There are a few missing designs in 108 runs. I would welcome help in making them.
23
Preface
Marketing ResearchMethodsin SAS discusses experimental design, disc rete choice, conjoint
analysis, and...
... specified in a research proposal. The second looks at the politics
of researchin clinical settings and other organizations, in particular how research
in such settings can easily come to grief. Ethical ... covered in Chapter 10, where we discuss the topic of
research participants.
FORMULATING THE RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Key points:
. The process of planning research is painstaking and often anxiety
provoking, ... is feasible in your intended research setting , considering what is
practicable in terms of measurement and research design, and conducting pilot
studies. This process of refining the research questions...
... quantitative methods used in public administration research whether
in government administration of public programs or in academic research involving theory-
building and theory-testing. Second, ... comfort
to students in using quantitative methods, whether in understanding work they read or in their
own research. Thus, the revolution of desktop computing has made powerful research methods
readily ... will increase their awareness
and ease in dealing with those methods, both for consuming studies that they use in their jobs
as well in carrying out research projects.
The chapters are grouped in...
... imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
Boca Raton London New York
Handbook of
Research Methods
in Public
Administration
Miller/Handbook of ResearchMethodsin Public Administration ... of ResearchMethodsin Public Administration AU5384_C002 Final Proof page 14 19.9.2007 4:33pm Compositor Name: BMani
14 Handbook of ResearchMethodsin Public Administration
1
The Logic of Inquiry ... of ResearchMethodsin Public Administration AU5384_C000 Final Proof page ii 4.10.2007 5:16pm Compositor Name: BMani
Miller/Handbook of ResearchMethodsin Public Administration AU5384_C000 Final...
... Harris.
Neil McIntosh (Chapter 21), a consultant paediatrician in Scotland, oVers
a practising clinician’s slant on disability, in the context of ethical issues in
withdrawing life-sustaining treatment. ... according to the
view in question, infants lack a right to life. However, this is at odds with our
moral intuitions, according to which infants have moral interests that deserve
protection, including ... donor insemination are outlined.
Elina Hemminki (Chapter 12), a Finnish epidemiologist and health tech-
nology assessment expert, approaches antenatal screening from an evidence-
based medicine...
... portacaval shunting, thereby decreasing first pass
metabolism; decrease in quantities and affinity of plasma
proteins, thereby increasing free-drug levels; increase in
volume of distribution in patients ... in
valproate dose
None Risk of liver injury in conjunction with
lipid-lowering agents; risk of bleeding
complications in conjunction with
antiplatelet agents, warfarin, niacin
Carbamazepine ... studied primarily in patients with
seizure disorders. Carbamazepine-induced increase in
total cholesterol is primarily due to an increase in HDL
[34]. This occurs during the initial weeks of therapy,...
... to Win)
Integrative
Negotiations
(Achieve Mutual
Gain)
•
Exaggerating demands
•
Pretend not to be in a hurry
•
Ask for more than you expect
•
Hiding the bottom line
•
Misrepresenting information
•
Bluffing
•
Influencing ...
Ethics
Behaving in moral ways
Most societies have guidelines for behavior
What one society views as unethical may be
considered acceptable in another society
Ethics is evolving rather than a set of
standards that must never change
Develop code of ethics
... line
•
Misrepresenting information
•
Bluffing
•
Influencing an opponent’s
professional network
•
Encouraging others to defect
to your side
Borderline Tactics
Recommended Tactics
Rely on persuasion rather than
manipulation and coercion
Identify tactics to avoid (e.g. anything
dishonest, disrespectful, irresponsible,
manipulative)
Agree to common guidelines (e.g. treat
others with respect, avoid
misrepresentations)
...
... which
15 3Ethical issues in embryo interventions and cloning
9
Ethical issues in embryo interventions
and cloning
Franc¸oise ShenWeld
Centre for Medical Ethics, UCL Medical School, London, UK
Introduction
Although ... pertinent.
Indeed if dignity has to be deWned in any essential manner, as it must be if
enshrined in international declarations, it is the unique quality of all human
beings, also recognized in ... stimulating debate.
15 7Ethical issues in embryo interventions and cloning
Conclusion
Cloning is only one example, among the many discussed in this chapter, of
ethical dilemmas in the new reproductive...
... be severe gastrointestinal abnormalities and renal
agenesis making death inevitable from renal failure within a very few days.
Consideration of withholding or withdrawing life-saving medical treat-
ment ... developmental morbidity in
children less than 26 weeks gestation at 2.5 years of age. Pediatric Research 45: 259A.
34 5Ethical issues in withdrawing life-sustaining treatment
interest at the time ... 21.1. Ethical issues in withdrawing life-sustaining treatment from handicapped
neonates – in the presence of uncertainty.
light of the best scientiWc knowledge available. The future for the infant...
... encounter.
In what follows I describe diVerent methods of fetal termination in
multiple gestation, and critique the terminology used in discussing these
methods. The perspective I bring to this ... the administration of infertility drugs, if ultrasound
monitoring indicated maturation of multiple follicle cells (Manier, 1998:
p. 1). At that point, clinicians might have declined to administer ... (DiVerent feminist standpoints are supported by feminist standpoint
theory, which I have described and defended in Mahowald, 1995a.)
Within the context of that imperative, targeting some fetuses...