ethical considerations in experimental study designs

... The concept of storing heat within the building walls has been around since 1881. The building’s mass plays an important part in determining the temperature. A heavy building is able to smooth ... new concept of incorporating PCM inside the building material for enhancing the room air quality and reducing the energy consumption consumed by the air conditionings in the buildings. It is the ... buildings with light weight by incorporating the PCMs inside the hollow cavity of brick. Environment Friendly Cooling of building using phase change material inside the conventional building...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 17:03

... examine something with a magnifier but unlikely to be examined, but for aliens the likelihoods of examining and being examined with a magnifier are more alike. Thus, it seems that the point ... specifying which mode is actually embodied in human parsing is a useful approach to determining the functional orga- nization of the human parser. In Section l, a pre- liminary taxonomy of parsing ... decision.) In contrast to the other remaining models, 483 AMBIGUITY RESOLUTION IN THE HUMAN SYNTACTIC PARSER: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY Howard S. Kurtzman Department of Psychology Massachusetts Institute...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 05:23

... which increased the sample size, and thus also increased the power of statistical testing. The remaining pairs of bars in Fig. 2 illustrate mean DTC for the task combinations in our previous study ... falls during daily activities in old age. Prevention and rehabilitation programs for seniors should therefore include training of such combinations. Introduction Human gait deteriorates in old ... concurrently engaging in a second task deteriorates in old age, and that this deficit is related to the high incidence of falls in the elderly. However, previous studies provided inconsistent findings about...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... production in murine brains within 24 hours. In contrast, the intracerebral injection of murine Intracerebral IL-18 concentrations in mice, as determined by ELISA in murine brain homogenates (n = 10 animals ... injured brain has not yet been investigated. We sought to determine the interrelationship between intrac- ranial TNF and IL-18 levels in a clinical study on patients with severe CHI and in an experimental ... Inflam- matory response in acute traumatic brain injury: a double- edged sword. Curr Opin Crit Care 2002, 8:101-105. 4. Ransohoff RM: The chemokine system in neuroinflammation: an update. J Infect...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... that combines lec- ture (1 hour) and relaxation training (10 minutes) on Jap- anese female medical co-workers indicated that salivary immunoglobulin A (s-IgA) levels in the relaxation group increased ... limitations of this study should be noted. Firstly, in the aerobic exercise training, participants were trained by instructors only once. The exercise training of approxi- mately one hour may have been ... BN Rusli* - rusli.nordin@med.monash.edu.my; L Naing - naing61@gmail.com * Corresponding author Abstract To examine the effects of short duration stress management training (SMT) on self-perceived depression,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 00:20

... regarding blind extrapolation of these results to humans, and rather, emphasize that these findings need to be confirmed in a clinical setting. Chiu et al. [12], in a similar study invol- ving ... growth hormone,thyroxine,somatomedin C (insulin like growth f actor I), insulin like growth fac- tor II, cortisol, insulin, and sex hormones all play impor- tant roles in regulating growth plate ... ats, indicating that age related alterations in the hormonal milieu in the adult rats resulted in inferior bone quality in the transplanted limbs. To our knowl- edge, mea suring bone quality using...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... (Section 5), there are intrinsic Scribe features that hin- der from using it in this networking environment. We argue that they mainly stem from the design choice of concentrating all the application-level ... subject-based routing. In addition, in order to join the overlay, each node has to contact another node already in the overlay, and collect information needed to initialise its internal data structures from ... executing the bootstrap procedure anew. Failures of the bootstrap procedure become quite likely in ad hoc networks, due to the intrinsic instability of wire- less links. As shown in the following,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 22:20

... veins of 8 rabbits. In one ear vein, 20% fat emulsion (Intralipos đ ) was infused for 24 min at 5 mL/kg/hr before and after VNR infusion. In the other ear vein, normal saline was infused in ... veins of 8 rabbits. In one ear vein, 20% fat emulsion (Intrali- pos đ ) was infused for 24 min at 5 mL/kg/hr both be- fore and after VNR infusion. In the other ear vein, normal saline was infused ... caused by VNR infusion. Int. J. Med. Sci. 2008, 5 220 and after VNR infusion, normal saline was infused into both veins for 24 min at 5 mL/kg/hr. Influence of the concentration In 8 rabbits,...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 17:20

... glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and (b) chon- droitin sulfate epitope 846 (CS846) over time in inflamed intercarpal joints of horses (n = 6). Inflammation was induced at t = 0 by intra-articular injection ... known actors in cartilage degradation in arthritic joints [3,37], the effects of bradykinin on articular cartilage remain largely unknown [38]. Certainly, our findings warrant further investigation ... effects of a single epi- sode of joint inflammation on SF inflammatory mediators, MMP activity and cartilage biomarkers in healthy joints. In short, prostaglandin E 2 , substance P, bradykinin and MMP...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 13:22

... and experimental studies on its blood stopping effect are availab le. Its effect on stopping bleeding and preventing air leakage in the lungs is not known. In this study, we experimentally investigated ... leakage in the lung and bleeding. Methods: A total of twenty-one Wistar-Albino rats weighing 240 ± 20 gram s were used in our study. An equal amount of injury was created in all groups by performing ... Blood Stopper on stopping bleeding and preventing air leakage in the lungs. Methods This study was carried out in the animal experiment laboratory of our institution. All rats were treated in a humane...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:23

... at the involved muscles, but feeding vessels of PNs has not been reported in plegic subjects. It has been reported that brain or spinal cord injuries cause neuronal degeneration in spine ganglia ... results in hypotension in the plegic side [10-12]. Decreased blood flow in ANs may result in degeneration of nerve fibers and loose of the myelin sheath [13]. Spinal cord injury results in impaired ... caps, cell shrinkage, and apoptotic body forma- tion following sciatic nerve axotomy [34]. In degenerative disease of the brain and spinal cord, myelin loss with seg- mental demyelination and axonal...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:20

... counting frames represent the inclusion lines (dot lines) and the lower and left lines including the extensions are the exclusion lines. Any profile of myelinated nerve fiber section hitting ... Pinealectomy procedure did not result in pronounced myelin degenera- tion as seen in the photochemically induced ischemic injury of sciatic nerve [33-35]. Increasing of nerve fiber myelin sheath thickness and ... 2-[1251]-iodomelatonin binding in retinorerecipient areas and visual pathways of chick brain. Brain Res 1994, 654:63-74. 12. Pei Z, Pang SF, Cheung RTF: Pretreatment with melatonin reduces volume...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:20

... counseling were referred for treatment; for ethical reasons these patients had continued to be coun- seled but were not included in the analysis. In our study we also observed that minimum time interval ... able to read and write Urdu (the lingua franca in Pakistan) and willing to be trained were identified. They were trained in administration of the screening instru- ment, The Aga Khan University ... each session being of three hours. The trainers included two family practitioners, a psychia- trist and a clinical psychologist. The training encom- passed basic information regarding anxiety/depression, stress/anger...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 16:22

... privacy is to be maintained in field settings. Reporting Results The reporting of findings of individual biological and physical measurements to survey participants is deter- mined, in part, by the ... for the ethical use of biomarkers in populations-based surveys in developing countries. Introduction The national health information needs of developing countries are increasingly relying on the ... starting point for agencies conducting health surveys in less devel- oped countries and those providing technical assistance and funding. Institutional responses to ethical conduct of science in...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

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Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 03:20