elds scanning probe imaging conductivity and currents

... Scanning Probe Microscopies Beyond Imaging Edited by ` Paolo Samorı Scanning Probe Microscopies Beyond Imaging Manipulation of Molecules and Nanostructures ` Edited ... Ottmar and Eva E Wille for their invitation ¨ to edit this book, and to Waltraud Wust, who has been working closely with me to Scanning Probe Microscopies Beyond Imaging Manipulation of Molecules and ... ability of scanning probe microscopy techniques to investigate the adsorption and ordering of single molecules, clusters, fibers, and complete monolayers, both under UHV and ambient conditions, and at...

Ngày tải lên: 04/06/2014, 14:41

... hysteresis loop Forward and reverse coercive voltages, V+ and V−, nucleation voltages Vc+ and Vc− , + − and forward and reverse saturation and remnant responses, R0 , R0 , Rs+ and Rs− , are shown ... amplitude (dzz) and Surface potential results for all the samples under stress and magnetic field at location and Table 6.1 Mean domain angle under the unbiased and biased area for undoped and 2%Mg ... Yeap, A Kumar, L Chen and Haiyan Jiang, "Chapter 3: Fracture toughness and interfacial adhesion strength of thin films: indentation and scratch experiments and analysis", in CRC Handbook of Nano-Structured...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 08:41

... Last row are the magnitude [(k) and (m)] and argument [(l) and (n)] images of vectorPFM in the x-z [(k) and (l)], and y-z [(m) and (n)] planes Fig 5.5 Topographic and PFM images of deproteinated ... [(c) and (d)] and DART-LPFM [(e) and (f)] are scanned (500× 500 nm , 256× 256 pixels); (c) and (e) are the amplitude images; (d) and (f) are the phase images Fig 5.6 DART-VPFM [(b) and (c)] and ... 2nd and 3rd column (400× 400 nm ): observed from the interior and boundary of platelet on the nacre surface (a) (d) and (g) are height images, (b) (e) and (h) are amplitude images, and (c) (f) and...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:23

... electrical conductivity imaging technique The technique, called scanning eddy current force microscopy (SECFM), combines the principles of eddy currents and AFM to achieve high spatial resolution and ... electrical conductivity imaging, the interactions are long-range magnetic forces between the magnetic tip and eddy currents in Multiple Material Property Characterization Using Induced Currents and ... sensor and use it in some applications of scanning probe microscopy (Fig.1 (b)) The advantages and disadvantages of a device with Q controlled will be discussed also Tuning Fork Scanning Probe...

Ngày tải lên: 12/02/2014, 16:20

... inhibitor is bound in each active site and is represented in ball -and- stick form were randomized simultaneously, and finally, positives from the first two libraries were randomly combined to give proteins ... 1) and helices and (Library 2) were randomized and introduced into the chorismate mutase selection system Second, the successful clones from the initial libraries were crossed (Library 3) and ... for proper folding of the initially randomized helices with the wild type template A sequential strategy of randomizing helix first and then randomizing helices and of an active variant from the...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 12:20

... VI Compression Storage and Communication 46 52 Fundamentals and Standards of Compression and Communication Stephen P Yanek, Quentin E Dolecek, Robert L Holland, and Joan E Fetter ... image compression, storage and communication, and introduces related standards such as JPEG, DICOM, and HL-7 Picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) are described and techniques for preprocessing ... vector x, and the autocorrelation is a function only of s ˆ x À xH Rff …s† ˆ Eff …x ‡ s†f …x†g: Random Fields and Wiener Filtering A central problem in the application of random elds is the...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 12:20

... Z Q Wu, Jianmin Jiang, and Y H Peng Evolutionary Computing and Its Use in Medical Imaging Lars Nolle and Gerald Schaefer 27 Rough Sets in Medical Imaging: Foundations and Trends Aboul Ella Hassanien, ... preprocessing and segmentation, (b) ROI specification, and (c) feature extraction and classification In the classification schema, 22 features were automatically computed Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications ... Lin and colleagues [23] generalized the Kohonen competitive learning (KCL) algorithm with fuzzy and fuzzy-soft types called fuzzy KCL (FKCL) 12 Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications and...

Ngày tải lên: 29/04/2014, 09:47

... interaction between electric and magnetic elds and their sources of charge and current A moving electric charge is the source of an electric field At the same time, electric currents produce a magnetic ... their expertise and help In particular, we would like to thank Eric van Stryland, Dean and Director of CREOL, who has given access to many optics labs, introduced us to his colleagues, and allowed ... science—computer vision, graphics and image processing—the use of color is often under-explored and misunderstood In our view, to understand color with sufficient depth, and to be able to apply this...

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2014, 17:03

... Battiato, and Giovanni Gallo Visual Cryptography and Secret Image Sharing, by Stelvio Cimato and Ching-Nung Yang Image Processing and Analysis with Graphs: Theory and Practice, by Olivier Lézoray and ... graphics, and visual communication, or as stand-alone reference for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners This book provides a strong, fundamental understanding of theory and methods, and ... particular spatial frequency and orientation, and essentially represent oriented bandpass filters There is still a lot of discussion about the exact tuning shape and bandwidth, and different experiments...

Ngày tải lên: 05/06/2014, 12:02

... stereo-visualization and real 3D imaging [25] In our series, we examined the effect of advanced imaging, including 3D reconstructions, on fracture classification and treatment and found that inter-observer ... al.: Classification and treatment of proximal humerus fractures: inter-observer reliability and agreement across imaging modalities and experience Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 2011 ... severity and surgeon experience Patients and methods Sixteen proximal humerus fractures were selected and classified by the senior author as four 2-part fractures, eight 3-part fractures, and four...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... studied by SCM and EFM, and the layer dependences of capacitance variation and EFM phase shift are obtained SLG, BLG, and MLG exhibit obvious differences in electrostatic force and capacitance ... at sample DC biases of V and +3 V are shown in (e) and (f) respectively present the averaged ΔC with respect to the SiO2 substrate for SLG, BLG, and MLG obtained at V and +3 V, respectively The ... BLG, and area C (four-layer) and D (eight-layer) as MLG SCM measurements were carried out on graphene with different layer numbers, and the images of dC/dV amplitude at sample DC biases of V and...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 00:20

... effects of the dispersed droplets on thermal conductivity and viscosity Alcohol and PAO have similar thermal conductivity values at room temperature and are physically immiscible SANS measurements ... is the thermal conductivity of the base fluid, kp is the thermal conductivity of the particles, and  is the particle volumetric fraction Equation (2) predicts that the thermal conductivity enhancement ... The relative thermal conductivity is defined as keff/ko, where ko and keff are the thermal conductivities of the base and nanoemulsion fluids, respectively The PAO thermal conductivity is experimentally...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 04:20

... the coordination and drafted and revised the manuscript PB: Conceived and coordinated the COFISIS project, and also participated in the design of the superlattices and drafted and revised the ... thermoelectric efficiency occurs for high electrical conductivity and low thermal conductivity The electronic conductivity will be controlled though the Si doping and the use of metal to fill in the trenches ... heat source and a heat sink, and the resulting heat flux is measured to obtain the thermal conductivity of the material [9,10] Simulations are held for several systems of increasing size and finally...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 04:20

... interpretation of the results MFRP and SL-M conceived and coordinated the research work and carried out analysis and interpretation of the experimental results All authors read and approved the final manuscript ... composite conductivity for a given concentration and shifts the percolation threshold to higher concentrations Table BET surface areas obtained by adsorption of N2 at -196°C and amounts of CO2 and ... functionalisation and characterisation of carbon nanotubes samples and drafted the manuscript JNP, CP, and VS participated in the nanocomposite samples processing, experimental measurements, analysis and interpretation...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 04:20

... characterization and conceived of the study RL performed the film deposition and conceived of the study VR conceived of the study and participated in its design and coordination section All authors read and ... submicron scale In Scanning Probe Microscopy in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Edited by: Busham B Heidelberg, Springer-Verlag; 2010:, ISBN: 978-3-642-03534-0 [Nanoscience and Technology.] 15 ... Nanoscope V controller and the Nanoman head operating in air, in contact mode and in closed loop condition, using the Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy (C-AFM) module Standard experiments were...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... Microscopy in Optical Imaging and Characterization Atomic Force Microscopy in Optical Imaging and Characterization Ω (a) (b) Fig Principles of aperture (a) and apertureless (b) scanning near-field ... between visible and infrared region Atomic Force Microscopy in Optical Imaging and Characterization Atomic Force Microscopy in Optical Imaging and Characterization 37 19 AFM and optical applications ... tapping mode The imaging could be conducted by manipulating the repulsive interaction between a probe and the surface, which is referred to as contact mode imaging When the probe images the surface...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 14:20

... hands and feet in a posterior-anterior projection was performed within a month of the US X-rays of both hands and feet (2nd–5th MCP, PIP, DIP, and MTP joints) were assessed for bone erosions and ... x-ray and not by US were in the non-MRIexamined hand However, x-ray erosions (all in PsA: MCP and DIP joints) and proliferations (both PsA: DIP joints) were located in the MRI-examined hand and ... (US2), and gave substantial input to data evaluation and manuscript preparation MH was involved in the MRI scanning protocol and evaluated MRI images JMM was involved in the MRI scanning protocol and...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:21

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:22

... anthropometric databases This standard is limited to measurements of foot length and breadth, and requires that the maximum mean difference between the traditional and 3D scanning derived values is ... Telfer and Woodburn: The use of 3D surface scanning for the measurement and assessment of the human foot Journal of Foot and Ankle Research 2010 3:19 Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central and ... manufacturers tend only to provide a standard width and height associated with each shoe size There is some variation as to the approaches and anatomical landmarks are used to define foot length...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 21:24

... Zili Li, and Philip Bos (Eds.) OLED Display Fundamentals and Applications Takatoshi Tsujimura Illumination, Color and Imaging: Evaluation and Optimization of Visual Displays Tran Quoc Khanh and Peter ... and predicted color characteristics, sRGB, and other characterization models for Illumination, Color and Imaging: Evaluation and Optimization of Visual Displays, First Edition Peter Bodrogi and ... master’s degrees in color image science and for researchers and design scientists, physicists, and engineers in the field of imaging technologies XVI j Preface and their applications as well as university...

Ngày tải lên: 15/08/2014, 21:23