dna damage and repair

... the oxidative damage to functional and structural molecules (DNA, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates) making the changes in the redox, osmotic, V.H Lokhande and P Suprasanna ionic, and energetic ... and uptake of ions, enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant response, maintenance of redox and energetic status, salt inclusion/excretion and genetic control (Flowers and Colmer 2008) Understanding ... Parvaiz Ahmad, and Nicole Geissler Prospects of Halophytes in Understanding and Managing Abiotic Stress Tolerance Vinayak H Lokhande and Penna Suprasanna UV-B Radiation, Its Effects and Defense...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 10:20

... InR-a and EGFR and the SLex content of the glycans of InR-a and EGFR (A) Fluorescence-activated cell spectra of InR-a and EGFR on the cell surface (B) Relative expression of surface InR-a and EGFR ... the increase in PKB activity and MAPK phosphorylation were significantly blocked, and the differences in PKB activity and MAPK phosphorylation among GnTV-S, GnTV-AS and mock-transfected cells (cells ... phosphorylated band to the unphosphorylated band Figure 3B also shows that tyrosine autophosphorylation of InR-b was increased to 186 and 352% of the mock-transfection value in FucTVII-M and FucTVII-H...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 12:20

... intracellular IFNα, IFNβ and SOCS1 and SOCS3 protein levels were determined at 24 h and 48 h pi by flow cytometry (Figure 2) At 24 h or 48 h pi, IFNα and IFNβ protein expression in RSV and RSV mutant virus ... expression and catalytic activity IKKε which blocks RSV-induced IRF3 phosphorylation, nuclear translocation and DNA- binding, and leading to inhibition of cytokine gene transcription, mRNA expression and ... negative feedback loop that is time-dependent [24], thus RSV and RSV mutant virus infection of MLE-15 cells and IFNα, IFNβ and SOCS1 and SOCS3 mRNA expression was examined at 48 h pi At 48 h pi,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... reproduction and longevity in mammals [1-3] The activity of IIS is regulated at multiple levels, both extracellularly and intracellularly: the production and release of the ligands is regulated, and normally ... for critical reading of the manuscript, E Brunner and the members of the Hafen lab for helpful discussions and valuable suggestions, and GenExel and the Bloomington stock center for fly stocks ... CR: Insulin signalling and the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism Nature 2001, 414:799-806 Nakae J, Kido Y, Accili D: Distinct and overlapping functions of insulin and IGF-I receptors Endocr...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:21

... loss and adiponectin levels (p < 0.01, r = 0.74) Also, we found positive correlation between midkine and albumin; similarly between both BMI loss and plasma leptin levels; and BMI loss and midkine ... between BMI loss and VEGF-A; as well as VEGF-A and IL-1 VEGF-A and IL-6 correlation was similarly statistically significant; we also found favourable correlation between adiponectin and BMI loss ... related cachexia and changes in the concentrations of APRPs, cytokines and hormones More studies should be performed to confirm this association between cachexia and APRP, cytokines, and hormones...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 03:22

... flower A and B: projections of section stacks of the stigma surface at stages and 3, respectively The fluorescence localizes in association with the stigmatic papillae C and D: optical section -and ... identical distribution of the labelling by TMB and DCFH2-DA), and the relative low presence of other ROS and NO in these stages (as showed by the DHE and DAF-2 DA fluorophores) (Figure 9) The average ... apertural region and the emerging pollen tube D and E: optical section -and an enlarged view- of the stigmatic surface at stage NO extensively accumulates in the stigmatic papillae, and in the pollen...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:21

... image features Non-negative matrix factorizations Các bước băm ảnh số  Feature Extraction  Randomization  Quantization  Encoding 10 Các bước băm ảnh số  Feature Extraction  Lấy nét đặc ... cho băm ảnh số Đây bước có nhiều báo, nghiên cứu đề xuất phương pháp để lấy nét đặc trừng ảnh  Randomization  Trong bước liệu vector lấy từ bước Freature Extraction tạo băm việc sử dụng khóa...

Ngày tải lên: 19/10/2014, 20:02

... of this entire problem, the global minithe literature is understandable as it occurs only in tandem mum of the complex between NMA and CH3SH is a product of with other, stronger noncovalent bonds, ... and angles in degrees 3536 www.chemphyschem.org  2012 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co KGaA, Weinheim ChemPhysChem 2012, 13, 3535 3541 Interaction between an Amide and S-Containing Molecules b and ... of stability, a CHãããO H-bond, but 3.95 kcal mol1, and R(HãããS) equal to 2.455 as compared to a short and strong one, with R(HãããO) = 2.28 and E(2) = 2.534 This enhanced H-bond is most likely...

Ngày tải lên: 16/12/2012, 15:21

... of this course, you will be able to:  Understand UTRAN interface and structure  Understand the definitions about UTRAN network elements  Understand UTRAN signaling procedure Copyright © 2008 ... Page18 SRNC/DRNC CN Iu SRNC  Iur DRNC SRNC and DRNC are on a per connection basis between a UE and the UTRAN  The SRNC handles the connection to one UE, and may borrow radio resources of a certain ... rights reserved Page20 RAB, RB and RL RAB RB UE RL RNC CN NodeB UTRAN Copyright © 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd All rights reserved Page21 UE Working Modes and States  Idle mode  Connected...

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 03:11

... tumors and cell lines, miR-175p and miR-20a are induced in a manner that depends on cyclin D1 and repress the expression of cyclin D1 Hence, miR-17-5p ⁄ 20a and cyclin D1 form a feedback loop and ... transcription factors E2F and Myc but, in turn, miR-17-92 downregulates the expression of E2F and Myc [52] In tumor progression, the transcription repressors ZEB1 and SIP1 and the miR-200 family ... miRNAs and various signaling pathways have been reported Xu et al [48] proposed the existence of a double-negative-feedback loop controlled by miR-145 and three factors that regulate self-renewal and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 19:20

... that includes a DNA- binding domain, a ligand-binding domain and a transactivation domain The DNA- binding domain is responsible for DNA binding specificity and dimerization, and the ligand-binding ... and E2F6, MLL2 interacts with E2F2, E2F3, E2F5 and E2F6 [34] Similar to E2Fs, the G1-phase regulator HCF-1 recruits MLL1 and Set1 to E2F-responsive promoters and induces histone methylation and ... (serine- and arginine-rich proteins) family of splicing factors CAPER, a SR-like protein, interacts with ERa and the progesterone receptor and modulates the ligand-dependent transcription and alternate...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 14:20

... with endosomal and Golgi structures using specific markers (EEA1, TfnR for endosomes and GM130, TGN46 for Golgi) and found that JSP1-wt partially colocalized with the Golgi apparatus and showed minimal ... environmental stress [5,8] Depending on the stimulus and cellular context, the JNK pathway has been implicated in both apoptosis and cell survival [9] The duration and extent of MAPK activation depends not ... phosphorylated Ser ⁄ Thr and Tyr residues [18] Several DSPs have been established as MAPK phosphatases that dephosphorylate the Tyr and Thr residues in the activation loop of MAPKs and thereby attenuate...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 14:20

... kinase and PI3K ⁄ Akt and increase phosphorylation of GSK3b on Thr390 and Ser9 SB203580 and LY294002 prevented a-defensin-induced increases in the protein contents of Thr390-phosphorylated and Ser9-phosphorylated ... a-defensin-1 and a-defensin-2 increases collagen synthesis, HFL-1 lung fibroblasts were incubated with a-defensin-1 and a-defensin-2 (0.5–6 lm) for 24 h and then collagen protein content and the collagen-I ... b-catenin, total b-catenin and collagen-I, and cell proliferation were determined As shown in Figs 7A,B and 8A,B, the incubation of lung fibroblasts with a-defensin-1 and a-defensin-2 induced increases...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 06:20

... other hand EGCG can bind to GpC-rich regions of DNA Radiation can damage the respective genes, thereby inviting repair enzymes [2] This facilitates repair- based DNA demethylation [2,47] and the ... expression by DNA methylation Cytosine methylation at the DNA sequence d(GGCGCC)2 triggers an extended eccentric double-helix structure called E -DNA Like B -DNA, E -DNA has a long helical rise and the ... groups on DNA affect the structure of DNA and the interaction of other proteins and enzymes with local nucleosomes [2,60] Methylation of DNA (MeCpG-) brings about a general hydration of DNA [61],...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 14:20

... sense and quantify changes in environmental salinity and to activate appropriate compensatory responses Thus, euryhaline fishes represent excellent models to identify and understand elements and ... including shark rectal gland [12] and teleost gill and opercular membrane [13] Full-length transcripts of CaSR have been cloned from gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) [13] and spiny dogfish (Squalus ... murine inner medullary collecting duct cells [33] Macromolecular damage response pathways Damage to macromolecules such as DNA and proteins represents an important sensory element for cellular...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... swelling stimulates anabolic metabolism and proliferation and provides cytoprotection, whereas cellular shrinkage leads to catabolism and insulin resistance and sensitizes cells to apoptotic stimuli ... Osmosensing and signaling in mammalian cell function F Schliess et al [7] On the other hand, hyperosmotic shrinkage prevents insulin-induced hepatocyte swelling and proteolysis inhibition, ... (‘osmosensing’) and trigger signaling pathways towards effector sites (‘osmosignaling’) Anisoosmotically exposed cells and tissues were frequently used as a model in order to study osmosensing and osmosignaling...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... activation and platelet aggregation [18] We and others have shown that both the PI3-Kb and PI3-Kc isoforms contribute to the P2Y12-mediated stabilization of platelet aggregates under static and shear ... relies on both phospholipase C and PI3-K activity PI3-Kb and not PI3-Kc mediates the P2Y12 effect on thrombin-evoked Ca2+ responses In man and mouse, the PI3-Kb (p110b) and PI3-Kc (p110c) isoforms ... al tirofiban from Merck, Sharp and Dohme (Haarlem, the Netherlands); Akt inhibitor and LY294002 from Calbiochem (La Jolla, CA, USA) ET-18-OCH3, manoalide, U73122 and U73343 came from Biomol (Plymouth...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... both aA- and aB-crystallin possess at least two binding modes, and that these are influenced by both external factors (e.g changes in temperature and pH) and intrinsic factors (e.g mutation and phosphorylation) ... formed by the ordered aggregation of RCMj-CN and a-synucleinA53T Electron micrographs of RCMj-CN (0.5 mgÆmL)1, A and B) and a-synculeinA53T (2.0 mgÆmL)1, C and D) 500 lgÆmL)1) following incubation ... formation of fibrils, which were long (between and nm), straight and unbranched (Fig 6C,D) Addition of Gly and Lys-HCl at 250 mm increased both the rate and magnitude of the change in ThT fluorescence...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... between the insulin receptor and Grb7 A role for two of its binding domains, PIR and SH2 Oncogene 19, 2052– 2059 Daly RJ, Sanderson GM, Janes PW & Sutherland RL (1996) Cloning and characterization of ... internalization and phosphorylation of the IR [17–19], IR content decreased in the plasma membrane fraction and reciprocally increased in the light mitochondrial–microsomal and Golgi ⁄ endosome fractions, and ... Time course and dose-dependence of in vivo insulin effects on Grb14, phosphorylated IRb (p-IRb) and IRb content in liver plasma membrane (PM) and Golgi ⁄ endosome (GE) fractions PM and GE fractions...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 18:20

... Because the DNA binding site on MAN1 does not overlap with the Smad binding site, it seems possible for MAN1 to bind DNA and Smads simultaneously [44] MAN1 is essential for early development and later ... with cell type and signal-specific transcription activators or repressors There are three classes of Smads: regulatory Smads (BMP-responsive R-Smads 1, and and TGFb-responsive R-Smads and 3), the ... and 3), the coSmad Smad4 and the inhibitory Smads and All R-Smads and the co-Smad consist of three domains: the N-terminal MH1 domain, the variable proline-rich linker, and the C-terminal Mad homology...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 02:20