discourse relations a structural

... a lexicalized TAG, each elementary tree has at least one anchor. In the case of discourse, the an- chor for an elementary tree may be a lexical item, punctuation or a feature structure that ... taking a predicate argument to be anaphoric rather than structural is whether it can derive from across a structural link. The relation in a subordinate clause is clearly struc- tural: ... additional semantic relations and modal operators to be conveyed through anaphoric presuppositions (Van der Sandt, 1992) licensed by information that speaker and hearer are taken to share. A main...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 18:20

... through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation analysis (SEA). 2. LITERATURE REVIEW Many researchers have emphasized three major factors for knowledge management: capa- bilities, ... knowledge rather than tangible financial assets are a measure of a company’s value. Therefore, various attempts to measure organizational performance in knowledge management have been conducted accordingly ... major factors that can explain large parts of knowledge management based on the literature review so far. 3.1. Variables 3.1.1. Capabilities. A variety of knowledge management capabilities have...

Ngày tải lên: 24/01/2014, 00:20

... Gullotta F, Lattanzi G, D’Apice MR, Capanni C, Nardone AM, Columbaro M, Scarano G, Mattioli E, Sabatelli P, et al. (2005) Alterations of nuclear envel- ope and chromatin organization in mandibuloacral ... family, one type in lower phyla like cnidaria or nematodes and four major forms in mammals, designated A- type (lamin A and lamin C) and B-type (lamin B1 and lamin B2), in addition to an increasing ... for chromosomes, chromatin and ⁄ or DNA [24,32–35]. Because chromatin and the nuclear lamina exhibit an intimate spatial relationship, it has been suggested that chromosomes are anchored, at least to some...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 02:20

... we added a BamHI site upstream from the ATG codon, using the 5¢-end primer (5¢-CTACTACGAATTAGGATCCCCT GCACCTTG-3¢) and the 3¢-end primer (5¢-GTAATACGA CTCACTATAGGGCGAATTGGG-3¢). Amplification was performed ... growth were purchased from Fluka (Milan, Italy). T4 DNA ligase and Taq polymerase were from Stratagene (La Jolla, CA, USA), and restriction enzymes and dNTPs from Promega Italia (Milan, Italy). Expression ... Fish and molluscan metallothioneins A structural and functional comparison Laura Vergani 1 , Myriam Grattarola 1 , Cristina Borghi 2 , Francesco Dondero 3 and Aldo Viarengo 3,4 1 Department...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 07:20

... by randomly selecting non-adjacent sentence pairs that are at least 3 sentences apart in a given text. We label such examples NO-RELATION-SAME-TEXT. And we extracted automatically 1,000,000 examples ... the re- lation between two elementary discourse units, an automatic discourse labeler can at best guess that an ELABORATION relation holds between the units, because ELABORATION relations are the ... sentence, as the sen- tence pair shown in (1), we can automatically col- lect many examples of CONTRAST relations. And by extracting sentences that contain the keyword “be- cause”, we can automatically...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 21:20

... rates to smooth the impact of international relative price 32 Table 5: Parameter Estimation Results, ψ 3 = 0 United Kingdom Canada Australia New Zealand Mean 90% Interval Mean 90% Interval Mean ... latter is required. The posterior odds tests clearly reject real exchange rate targeting for Australia as well as for New Zealand. In Canada, the data favor a policy rule that responds to real exchange ... to the import share parameter. Estimates are 0.07 for the U.K., 0.16 for Canada, 0.21 for Australia and New Zealand. At the same time Australia’s growth rate of the terms of trade exhibits the...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 14:20

... do- main of interpreting text, one can re-state the above causal law as follows: 7 Causal Law 3 Clauses a and/3 that are discourse- related where a describes an event el of x falling and/3 ... ne (a) • Law 2 (a, /3) ^ Info (a, > prep(me(Z), ) The inference pattern is a Cascaded Penguin Prin- ciple again. The two resolvable conflicts are Law 2 and Narration and Elaboration and Narration. ... connected, are normally such that the former is in the preparatory phase of the latter: • Elaboration (a, ^ prep( e( ), me (a) ) > Elaboration (a, fl ) • Axiom on Elaboratio~ n (Elaboration (a, ...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 07:20

... demographics. Focusing on the IV estimates, it can be seen that the birth weight of babies in rural areas is lower than that of urban babies, and that male infants are heavier than female infants. 5 ... similarly high rates of tetanus vaccination in low-income countries. Dow et al.(1999) report tetanus vaccination rates of the same orders of magnitude for Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe ... observation is a child aged 1-5 years. For each child, information is available on his or her weight and sex, and on his/her parents’ characteristics such as age, and education. The data file...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 09:20

... reveals interac- tion between ERp57 and the tip of the calreticulin P-domain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99, 1954–1959. 53 Satoh M, Shimada A, Keino H, Kashiwai A, Nagai N, Saga S & Hosokawa M ... oxidoreductase activity. The b and b¢ domains, although structurally similar to thioredoxin, do not contain catalytically active cysteines. Instead, the b and b¢ domains appear to act as spacers, and are often ... Serve O, Kamiya Y, Maeno A, Nakano M, Murakami C, Sasakawa H, Yamaguchi Y, Harada T, Kurimoto E, Yagi-Utsumi M et al. (2010) Redox-dependent domain rearrangement of protein disulfide isomerase coupled with...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:20

... energy gap is a signature of the chemical re- activity of a system. Compared to the ES-2MR chains, the relatively smaller gaps of SU-2MR chains indicate higher chemical reactivities, facilitating ... microelectronic derives and optical fibers, is an increasingly important candidate to form 1D nano- materials. Significant progresses have been made in synthesizing silica nanowires with a variety of methods [1–6]. ... molecular chain would be considered as an appropriate structural model of one-dimensional thin (0.4 nm) silica nanowires. Ó 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. One-dimensional (1D) nanomaterials...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:03

... Southern California 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CA 90292 chiarcos@daad-alumni.de Abstract This paper describes a novel approach towards the empirical approximation of discourse re- lations ... operationalizable theories, and, within a su- pervised approach, large amounts of annotated train- ing data. To facilitate manual annotation, weakly supervised or unsupervised techniques can be ap- plied ... out. Ad- ditionally, it also serves as a means of evaluation. Using statistical significance tests as pruning crite- rion entails that all triples eventually confirmed are statistically significant. 2 This...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 20:20

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Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 00:20

... would be more practical than a very analytical, pedantic approach. Also, Mickan and Slater (2003) took issue with the analytic scale since, as they claimed, “Highlighting vocabulary and sentence ... in analytical rating in L2 writing, it seems theoretically and statistically plausible to rate two major areas of the scripts: sentence structure and vocabulary and arrangement of ideas and ... relevance and adequacy of content, compositional organization, cohesion, adequacy of vocabulary, grammar, punctuation, and spelling (Weir, 1990); content, language use, organizing ideas, lexis,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 07:20

... spectroscopy means that there is now a large and rapidly growing corpus of information available. At present (January, 1995) the Brookhaven Protein Databank (PDB, (Abola et al., 1987)) contains 3091 ... treated as a whole. The domains in large proteins are usually classified individually. The classification is on hierarchical levels that embody the evolutionary and structural relation- ships. FAMILY. ... to use local copies of PDB files if they are available. Equivalent WWW browsers, image-display programs and molecular viewers are also available free for Windows-PC and Macintosh platforms. JMB—MS...

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