developmental signals for cartilage and bone tissue formation

... H Hayes, Statistical Digital Signal Processing and Modeling, John Wiley, 1996 ¨  John A Gubner, Probability and Random Processes for Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cambridge Uni Press, ... n  Goals: ¨  n  n  Linear Systems Theory in Discrete and Continuous Time Basic Signals in Discrete and Continuous Time Differential and Integral Calculus Principles of Engineering Statistics ... combinations of events using hand and computer analysis ¨  Write computer (MATLAB) programs to compute many probability distributions ¨  Solve for the distributions of random variable arising from...

Ngày tải lên: 10/06/2014, 09:29

... for patella cartilage volume and 2.2% for patella bone volume [16] Statistical analyses Outcome variables, including distal vastus medialis and lateralis cross-sectional areas and cartilage and ... knee cartilage and bone structure, participated in the analysis and interpretation of data, and reviewed the manuscript PAB and AJT performed the statistical analysis and interpretation of data and ... the surrounding soft tissue support (for example, vastus medialis and lateralis muscles) and the bony geometry (for example, femoral sulcus angle and patella tilt) Therefore, future studies may...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

... markers of bone and cartilage turnover, the correlations between the markers and bone mass and joint damage, and the associations between changes in biochemical markers and changes in BMD and joint ... (Hologic, Bedford, MA, USA) Radiographs Radiographs of the hands, wrists, and distal part of the feet were obtained at baseline and after 12 and 24 months Forty joints in the hands and feet were ... released from other tissues However, we estimate on the basis of previous reports that they reflect bone and cartilage metabolism well enough to be able to follow and assess bone and cartilage turnover...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:24

... tibial cartilage volume, the tibial plateau bone area, and the presence of tibiofemoral cartilage defects and bone marrow lesions The first two outcomes were initially assessed for normality before ... nutritional factors and the development of outcomes (cartilage and bone measures) Another limitation of this study is that no information on dietary supplements was available, and we were therefore unable ... (kg/m2)) was calculated MRI and measurement of cartilage volume, bone area, cartilage defects, and bone marrow lesions During 2003–2004, each subject had an MRI scan performed on the dominant knee...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:20

... for patella cartilage volume and 2.2% for patella bone volume [16] Statistical analyses Outcome variables, including distal vastus medialis and lateralis cross-sectional areas and cartilage and ... knee cartilage and bone structure, participated in the analysis and interpretation of data, and reviewed the manuscript PAB and AJT performed the statistical analysis and interpretation of data and ... the surrounding soft tissue support (for example, vastus medialis and lateralis muscles) and the bony geometry (for example, femoral sulcus angle and patella tilt) Therefore, future studies may...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 13:22

... Asc recycling and Asc turnover In the present study, we demonstrate that both grapevine fruit and vegetative tissue can use D-mannose and Lgalactose for the synthesis of Asc and for further metabolism ... our understanding of calcium oxalate crystal formation and function in plants Plant Sci 2003, 164(6):901-909 Iland PG, Coombe BG: Malate, tartrate, potassium, and sodium in flesh and skin of ... excised and discarded The berries were collected, weighed and snap-frozen The rachis and cm of the remaining stem were weighed and snap-frozen together Asc, TA and OA were extracted and analysed...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:21

... scaffold for in vitro and in vivo tissue formation 1.3.3 Bioreactor System In vivo, tissue formation is directed by multiple factors including: (1) structural template for cell attachment and tissue ... graft for ACL tissue engineering (Figure 1.7) Three regions had different pore size and fiber orientation to trigger different tissue formation thus formed to biomimetic bone- ligament -bone graft ... able to withstand the mechanical force in vivo shortly after implantation, allow cell infiltration, conduct tissue formation, and be absorbed gradually after the host neotissue formation (Ouyang...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:05

... better for increasing the formation of new bone and capillaries The reason appears to be that osteogenesis progression is affected by pore size Small pores induce osteochondral formation before ... (Strut), and non-bony tissue as controls (Tissue) Additionally, push-out tests were performed on host calvarial bone as controls 134 Micro-compression tests and push out tests were performed after ... Scaffold-based tissue engineering (TE) aims to aid in the repair and regeneration of bone defects Bone defects due to high energy trauma, bone resections, congenital malfunction and severe non-union...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 15:51

... stability of differentiated cells and tissues, delivery systems and biomaterials for cartilage repair, and survivability and integration of the tissue graft to the host cartilage This review aims to ... determined for functional cartilage tissue engineering 2.4 Cartilage formation and regeneration using ESCs To date, there is only one study that has utilized hESC-derived cells for cartilage repair ... chondrogenic differentiation of ESCs and for cartilage tissue engineering Some of the biomaterials and their associated outcomes in ESC-based cartilage tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:57

... histology and histomorphometry detected bone formation and active vascularisation in all defects In summary, porosities and pore size of PCL-TCP scaffolds has negligible effects on bone regeneration and ... treatments for bone defects For surgical procedures involving bone grafts, patients usually suffer from trauma-related injuries or bone fractures Currently, the gold standard for bone grafts ... biocompatible and biodegradable material used widely and successfully for bone replacement for many years Some forms of calcium phosphates include: mono-, di- and tetra calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite and...

Ngày tải lên: 09/10/2015, 11:18

... secrete bone tissue and form the tissue around itself like a protective wall of bone tissue They are responsible for the maintenance of healthy bone by secreting enzymes and directing the bone mineral ... coined as bone tissue engineering” A key component in tissue engineering for bone regeneration is the scaffold that serves as a 3D template for initial cell interactions and the formation of boneextracellular ... fibrils and fibers and bone mineral crystals [Rho, 1998] Bone s function is both biomechanical and metabolic Biomechanically, bone acts to: (1) maintain the shape of the skeleton, (2) protect soft tissues...

Ngày tải lên: 09/10/2015, 11:18

... hybrid mapping, and tissue- specific patterns of distribution for the fabp1a and fabp1b mRNAs were determined during embryonic and larval development, and in adulthood Results and Discussion Sequence ... genomic DNA at 94 °C for min, followed by 30 cycles of 94 °C for 30 s for DNA denaturation, 55.6 °C for 30 s for primer annealing, and DNA synthesis elongation at 72 °C for 30 s A final elongation ... of a helix II and the turns connecting b strands C and D, as well as E and F (Fig 2) The hydrogen-bonding network involved in ligand binding at site involves K31, A54, S56, D88¢ and bound water...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... defined and standardized the method for performing literature searches and data extraction, and for summarizing evidence Throughout the project, ERT offered suggestions for guideline development, and ... morbidity and mortality Fracture risk relates to bone mineral density and bone quality, together with risk for falling and trauma Bone biopsies provide measurements of bone turnover, mineralization, and ... in the performance and interpretation of bone biopsies Classification of renal osteodystrophy by bone biopsy Bone biopsies are performed to understand the pathophysiology and course of bone disease,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 09:20

... for citation purposes) Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 2008, 3:36 The limb (and thus the)virtual cylinder is composed of soft tissue (mainly muscles and skin) and "hard" tissue (bone ... "hard" tissue (bone and bone marrow) The soft tissue volume (VS) and blood pool (RS) are calculated as follows: VS = VL-VB and the corresponding reading RS = RL-RB Bone and soft tissue blood flow ... of nutrients and oxygen through blood flow to bone tissue [21] Interruption of normal bone and soft tissue blood flow has been shown to be responsible for the development of severe and common health...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... spectra of the signals in the white noise example, using SVD- and ULV-based MV estimates (a) Clean and noisy signals; (b) and (c) estimates; both SNRs are 12.5 dB for k = and 13.8 dB for k = 16 The ... sum-of-sines clean signal for which H has rank 8, and additive white noise with SNR dB Top left: LPC spectra for the clean and noisy signals Other plots: LPC spectral for the SVD and ULV LS-estimates ... clean signal and the GSVD-based MV estimate for k = 15 P C Hansen and S H Jensen 13 where Γ and Δ are p × p and diagonal, and Io is the identity matrix of order n − p Moreover, UH ∈ Rm×n and UR ∈...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... possible) For these reasons, the measures of performance are rather dif- ferent in feedback and feedforward algorithms (i.e., for the former, typical measures are the time-to-lose lock and the ... time-domain waveforms for BOC-modulated signals existing GPS bands The most representative case is that one for NBOC = 2, which corresponds to the currently selected modulation format by the Galileo ... DLLs-based techniques These feedforward techniques have been extensively studied for WCDMA signals and BPSK modulation and, among them, the TeagerKaiser (TK) and the deconvolution-based (namely,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 23:20

... Soft tissues include muscles, tendons, fat, fibrous tissue, synovial tissue, vessels, and nerves Approximately 60% of soft tissue sarcomas arise in the extremities, ... with age Soft tissue sarcomas constitute 0.7% of all cancers in the general population and 6.5% of all cancers in children Epidemiology Malignant transformation of a benign soft tissue tumor is ... the tumor-suppressor gene p53 and an increased incidence of soft tissue sarcomas and other malignancies, including breast cancer, osteosarcoma, brain tumor, leukemia, and adrenal carcinoma (Chap...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... radiographs and MRI for tumors of the extremities or head and neck and by CT for tumors of the chest, abdomen, or retroperitoneal cavity A radiograph and CT scan of the chest are important for the ... do, have a predilection for unusual metastatic sites containing fat, such as the retroperitoneum, mediastinum, and subcutaneous tissue Rhabdomyosarcomas, Ewing's sarcoma, and other small-cell sarcomas ... which metastasize to the liver; myxoid liposarcomas, which seek fatty tissue; and clearcell sarcomas, which may metastasize to bones Central nervous system metastases are rare, except in alveolar...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... angiosarcomas, and vincristine, etoposide, and irinotecan are effective in rhadomyosarcomas and Ewing's sarcomas Imatinib mesylate targets the KIT tyrosine kinase activity and is standard therapy for advanced/metastatic ... time-consuming, and less expensive Adjuvant Chemotherapy Chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for Ewing's primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) and rhabdomyosarcomas Meta-analysis of 14 randomized ... significant improvement in local control and diseasefree survival in favor of doxorubicin-based chemotherapy Overall survival improvement was 4% for all sites and 7% for the extremity site A chemotherapy...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20

... common benign bone tumors include enchondroma, osteochondroma, chondroblastoma, and chondromyxoid fibroma, of cartilage origin; osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma, of bone origin; fibroma and desmoplastic ... to the same soft tissue compartment as the initial tumor), and tumors designated B are extracompartmental (i.e., extending into the adjacent soft tissue compartment or into bone) The tumor node ... nonhematopoietic bone tumors are osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma Rare malignant tumors include chordoma (of notochordal origin), malignant giant cell tumor and...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 02:20