corpusbased induction of syntactic structure models of dependency and constituency

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... Joint and conditional estimation of tagging and parsing models. In Proc. of ACL. D. Klein and C. D. Manning. 2002. Conditional structure vs. conditional estimation in NLP models. In Proc. of EMNLP. J. ... minimization of (w) as a way of training a log-linear model. 4 Algorithms for Models of Sequences and Trees We discuss here some implementation aspects of the application of M-estimation to NLP models. 4.1 ... Introduction Log-linear models are a very popular tool in natural language processing, and are often lauded for per- mitting the use of “arbitrary” and “correlated” fea- tures of the data by a model. Users of log-linear models...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... the probability of this dependency can only be estimated from occur- rences of the same construction, since dependency relations are defined in terms of local trees and not in terms of the underlying ... between the dependency relations of Hij and geeft in the first sentence, bloem and geeft in the second sen- tence and politieman and geeft in the third sentence. Even with the indices, either the dependency ... mod- els on section 23 in terms of the accuracy of lexical categories, Parseval scores, and in terms of the re- covery of word-word dependencies in the predicate- argument structure. Here, results are...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 16:20

... derivation of a sequence of left dependents of u, we redefine the right-hand side of L p u \L 1 v as 1 l v , L 1 w  L q u \L 1 w and include the production 1 l v , L 1 w  → 1 l v L 1 w in the set of ... that governs both v and w, and w precedes v. To encode the linear relationship be- tween w and v, we redefine the right-hand side of R p u /R 1 v as R q u /R 1 w R 1 w , 1 r v  and include the pro- duction ... massive lexicalisation of dependency models might not be necessary to achieve competitive performance. Fu- ture work will lie in investigating the issue of lex- icalisation in the context of dependency parsing...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 02:20

... com- plement span of any node n to each of its children, and for each of them, add the span of the child to the complement span of all other children. In another traversal of G, we determine ... ex- traction and derivation building algorithm. 963 lhs 1 : NP-C(x 0 :NPB PP(IN (of) x 1 :NP-C)) (NP -of- NP) lhs 2 : PP(IN (of) NP-C(x 0 :NPB PP(IN (of) NP-C(x 1 :NPB x 2 :VP)))) (of- NP -of- NP-VP) lhs 3 : ... possible ways of attaching to constituents of π: besides the highest attachment (rule (f)), can move along the ancestors of France, since it is to the right of the translation of that word, and be considered...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

... set of features: the article before; the POS before and after; the preposition before and after, and the syntactic category before and after the word be- ing labeled. The features used in both of ... The set of predicates query member- ship of all levels of the taxonomy for all WordNet senses of the word being tagged. An example of one such predicate is shown in the figure. Only 63% of running ... strong im- provements in overall system accuracy: dependency knowledge improved perfor- mance over all classes of word, and knowl- edge of the position of a word in an on- tological hierarchy increased...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

... between two very different kinds of probabilistic models; LDA models of the kind used for topic modelling, and PCFGs, which are a standard model of hierarchi- cal structure in language. The embedding ... LDA topic models and PCFG-style grammars. We jus- tified this claim by presenting several hybrid mod- els that combine aspects of both topic models and 1155 Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of ... 2009). Here we present an adaptor grammar based on the insights of the PCFG encoding of LDA topic models that learns some of the structure of proper names. The key idea is that elements in proper names...

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Ngày tải lên: 12/07/2014, 19:09

... soundness and completeness of model structure together with the plausibility and correctness of the model behaviour”. The process of establishing the validity of the model structure and model ... years of experience, source of knowledge and level of interest of expert i on a certain set of questions, respectively. Their values are in the range between zero and two. The result of Eq. ... (Stephens and Hess, 1999; Turner, 2000; De Kok and Wind, 2002). These studies are often involved with the design and application of a number of Integrated Systems Models (ISMs). These models are...

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Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2013, 23:50

... spectral integralsoftheprotonsoftheAGUandthemethylprotonsofthepropionylmoiety can be applied to calculate both the partial and the overall DS values of the acetate by means of Eqs. (8.2) and (8.3). Fig. ... and back-titration of the excess base is one of the oldest and easiest methods for the determination of the DS. In the case of short-chain aliphatic esters (C 2 –C 4 ) of glucans, galactans and ... the structure determination of cellulose acetate by FAB-MS after per- methylation, perdeuteromethylation and random cleavage Within the scope of this chapter, the analysis of the distribution of...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 16:20

... the case of pregnancy, if a woman consents to the eVects of the fetus, we have an example of the symbiotic ideal of mother and child that cultures so often idealize. However, given the quality and ... woman and a fetus. There is much to value, of course, in locating the abortion decision within the framework of women’s traditional roles, and such a portrayal of the abortion decision as part and ... with homicide of the inhabitants of the farm house, he can rightly point out that the object of the law of homicide is to save life, and that by his conduct he has eVected a net saving of innocent...

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