models of dependency and constituency

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20

... Bal 1,2 1 Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, Poland; 2 Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland A comparative study of thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of ... DAHKam-Cu(II) (B) and DAHKam-Ni(II) (C), calculated for 0.5 m M concentrations of peptides and metal ions. The intensities of CD bands of 4N complexes (constructed by adding intensities at extremes of d–d bands ... nterpretation and modelling of C u(II) and Ni(II) transport by albumins. On the other hand, the direct thermodynamic and kinetic characterization of Ni(II) binding at site I in HSA and BSA was...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 04:20

... cellular and biochemical insights into a better understanding of disease mechanism. In this minireview, we discuss the contributions of animal models to our growing understanding of the biology of ... development of numerous experimental animal models, as discussed below. Human phenotype Although humans are generally not considered in the category of animal models of disease, one can view the field of ... phenotype of rap1b and the cardiac developmental phenotype of san. The zebrafish experiments demonstrate the role of the CCM genes in cardiac and vascular development; the genetic tractability of the...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 10:20

... that the recent financial and economic crisis—the Great Panic and Recession of 2008 and 2009—will both rearrange the economic landscape and affect the focus of economic and financial research going ... of this section, which summarizes Rudebusch, Sack, and Swanson (2007), and Rudebusch and Swanson (2008, 2009) introduces a benchmark DSGE model and describes the implications of that model, and ... Tobias and Hao Wu, 2008, “The Term Structure of Inflation Expectations,” Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Reports #362. Ang, Andrew, Geert Bekaert, and Min Wei, 2008, “The Term Structure of Real...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 03:20

... book and relate them to par- ticular computation models. For example, Java and Smalltalk are based on an object-oriented model. Haskell and Standard ML are based on a functional mod- el. Prolog and ... improved versions of Java). The kernel language approach Practical programming languages scale up to programs of millions of lines of code. They provide a rich set of abstractions and syntax. How ... Mostafa, Luis Quesada, and Fred Spiessens for their efforts in proofreading and testing the example pro- grams. Finally, we thank the members of the Department of Computing Science and Engineering at...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 06:20

... Linguistics Extracting Opinion Expressions and Their Polarities – Exploration of Pipelines and Joint Models Richard Johansson and Alessandro Moschitti DISI, University of Trento Via Sommarive 14, 38123 ... an 104 References Stephan Bloehdorn and Alessandro Moschitti. 2007a. Combined syntactic and semantic kernels for text clas- sification. In Proceedings of ECIR 2007, Rome, Italy. Stephan Bloehdorn and Alessandro Moschitti. ... Wilson, and Claire Cardie. 2005. Annotating expressions of opinions and emotions in language. Language Resources and Evaluation, 39(2- 3):165–210. Theresa Wilson, Janyce Wiebe, and Paul Hoffmann. 2005....

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... accuracy of this algorithm, and Section 5 discusses our results and a variety of features, as well as limitations and weaknesses, that we have found in the dependency representation of (Marneffe ... and intuitive means of visualizing relationships between words, especially when compared to the complexity of di- rected dependency graphs. For the purposes of this paper, we use the system of ... natural usage of language, it is more intuitive for non-experts to understand. It also highlights certain features of sentences, such as dependency relationships be- tween words and targets of actions....

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 01:20

... Lafferty, Andrew McCallum, and Fernando Pereira. 2001. Conditional Random Fields: Prob- abilistic models for segmenting and labeling se- quence data. In Machine Learning: Proceedings of the Eighteenth ... Vincent Della Pietra, and John Lafferty. 1997. Inducing features of random fields. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Ma- chine Intelligence, 19(4):380–393. John E. Hopcroft and Jeffrey D. Ullman. ... models. However, it would also be interesting to compare the performance of joint and conditional estimators on more sophisticated models. References Steven Abney, David McAllester, and Fernando Pereira....

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:20

... social dimension of linkage between business and IS is defined as the level of mutual understanding of and commitment to the business and IT mission, objectives, and plans [Reich and Benbasat 1996]. ... these models ‘change models , which they classify into four basic types: realization models, renewal models, extension models, and journey models (Figure 6). Figure 6. Change Models [Linder and ... distinction between enterprise models and business models. The Distinction Between Business Models and Business Process Models Business models and business process models should clearly be distinguished...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 21:20

... Baxter, R.A. Blythe, W. Croft, and A.J. McK- ane. 2009. Modeling language change: An evalu- ation of Trudgill’s theory of the emergence of New Zealand English. Language Variation and Change, 21(2):257–296. J. ... probabilities of producing N and V examples as σ´σ. α t , β t are the expectation of ˆα t and ˆ β t over members of G t : α t = E(ˆα t ), β t = E( ˆ β t ). ˆα t and ˆ β t are thus random variables (over ... β t+1 ). 3.1 Dynamical systems We develop and analyze models of populations of language learners in the mathematical framework of (discrete) dynamical systems (DS) (Niyogi and Berwick, 1995; Niyogi, 2006)....

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... derivation of a sequence of left dependents of u, we redefine the right-hand side of L p u \L 1 v as 1 l v , L 1 w  L q u \L 1 w and include the production 1 l v , L 1 w  → 1 l v L 1 w in the set of ... that governs both v and w, and w precedes v. To encode the linear relationship be- tween w and v, we redefine the right-hand side of R p u /R 1 v as R q u /R 1 w R 1 w , 1 r v  and include the pro- duction ... massive lexicalisation of dependency models might not be necessary to achieve competitive performance. Fu- ture work will lie in investigating the issue of lex- icalisation in the context of dependency parsing...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 02:20

... set of features: the article before; the POS before and after; the preposition before and after, and the syntactic category before and after the word be- ing labeled. The features used in both of ... The set of predicates query member- ship of all levels of the taxonomy for all WordNet senses of the word being tagged. An example of one such predicate is shown in the figure. Only 63% of running ... descendent of the maximum entropy (ME) tagger of (Ratnaparkhi, 1996) which in turn is related to the taggers of (Kupiec, 1992) and (Merialdo, 1994). The ME approach is well-suited to this kind of labeling...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

... stand on its left (resp. right). The basic idea of dependency is that the syntactic structure of a sentence is described in terms of binary relations (dependency relations) on pairs of ... (e.g. (Hudson 1990)). Dependency syntax is attractive because of the immediate mapping of dependency trees on the predicate-arguments structure and because of the treatment of free-word order ... paper. 2. A dependency formalism The basic idea of dependency is that the syntactic structure of a sentence is described in terms of binary relations (dependency relations) on pairs of words,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 07:20

... use of constrained terms to represent partial descriptions, the lack of systematic rewriting of constraints to normal form and the lazy evaluation of complex constraints. The choice of constrained ... designed, implemented and tested over the last three years. CLG grammars consist of the description of global and local constraints of linguistic objects as described in [1] and [2]. For the ... Deutschland. [16] Van Hentenryck, P., M. Dincbas, 1986. "Domains in Logic Programming", Proceedings of the AAAI, Philadelphia, PA. 178 - The Formal and Processing Models of CLG...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 02:20

... during the etiology of breast carcinogenesis. Review Mouse models of breast cancer metastasis Anna Fantozzi and Gerhard Christofori Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Department of Clinical-Biological ... colonization of the target organ and, finally, metastatic outgrowth [3,4]. In the recent past, our understanding of breast cancer progression and metastasis has greatly profited from the use of genetically ... Fantozzi and Christofori Page 10 of 11 (page number not for citation purposes) latency, high penetrance, and a high incidence of lung metastasis occurring independently of pregnancy and with...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 17:20

... is a subset of q < r of the basis functions in h(t) = (h 1 (t), h 2 (t)). Note that here q and r represent the number of degrees of freedom in the spline representations of g(t) and f(t), respectively. ... Partial Linear Models. ” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, 50, 413–436. Stieb, D., Judek, S., and Burnett, R. (2002). “Meta-analysis of time-series studies of air pollution and mortality: ... “Meta-analysis of time-series studies of air pollution and mortality: effects of gases and particles and the influence of cause of death, age, and season.” J Air Waste Manag Assoc., 52, 470–484. The HEI Review...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 00:20

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20