channels membranes and molecules in epilepsy and neuronal excitability

... precipitation of insulin B C Fig aB-crystallin protects against the DTT-induced aggregation of insulin, and this activity is enhanced by Arg-HCl Insulin ( , 0.25 mgÆmL)1) was incubated at 37 °C in 50 mM ... of aB-crystallin both aA- and aB-crystallin possess at least two binding modes, and that these are in uenced by both external factors (e.g changes in temperature and pH) and intrinsic factors ... Alpha-crystallin: its involvement in suppression of protein aggregation and protein folding In Protein Folding Handbook: Part II (Buchner J & Kiefhaber T, eds), pp 858–875 Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... missing links in insulin signal transduction? FEBS Lett 410, 3–10 Dedhar, S., Benjamin, W & Gregory, H (1999) Integrin-linked kinase (ILK): a regulator of integrin and growth-factor signalling ... that of PKB protein and activity in the insulin treated and S-PKB cells, indicating that SLex might be regulated by other insulin-induced factor(s) in addition to PKB signalling pathways It is ... alteration in PKB protein was similar to that in PKB activity (Fig 7), suggesting that the insulininduced PKB protein was almost fully phosphorylated and activated Whether insulin was internalized...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 00:20

... following toxin-mediated damage in vivo Percentage depurination was determined by quantifying the intensity of the liberated fragment in relation to the remaining intact 25S rRNA plus fragment using ... showing key amino acids The active site molecules Y80, Y123 and E177 are shown in green and the position of the two mutated amino acids, F108 and L151, are shown in blue between the aromatic rings ... strains of yeast, in a manner akin to its expression in plant cells [18] Survivors of toxin expression may contain defects in genes normally essential for toxin retro-translocation, refolding,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... L-glutamine and 1% nonessential amino acids [18] Both CHP100 and U937 cells were maintained at 37 °C in humidified 5% CO2 atmosphere Incubation of U937 or CHP100 cells with leptin, alone or in the ... Effect of leptin and progesterone on FAAH activity and expression (A) Effect of leptin on the activity of FAAH in human U937 and CHP100 cells and on the protein content and the mRNA of FAAH in U937 ... that leptin [42,43] and progesterone [44,45] play roles in survival, death and proliferation of immune and neuronal cells; processes in which AEA and the endocannabinoid system are also involved...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20

... we are beginning to understand the molecular substrates for gating, voltage dependence and channel kinetics Within a subunits, this includes understanding the importance of single amino acids ... drugs and toxins that modulate channels, and we are gaining an increased understanding of their mechanism of action We are beginning to de¢ne the substrates for the actions of channel modulating ... carried by a single segment varies from four to eight between the several domains In Na+ channels there are almost always four in domain I, ¢ve in domains II and III, and eight in domain IV Another...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 10:33

... decreasing the radius and increasing the density? That depends on how the two pressures in the balance react to increasing density using again the equation of state for an ideal gas In the beginning ... about a dozen of INSs, and the number will certainly grow in near future Main information about the NS surface is obtained from observations in soft and medium X-rays although UV and optical observations ... remains a mystery HELIUM AND CARBON IN MAGNETIC WHITE DWARFS In some cases both hydrogen and helium are present in the atmosphere as in the case of Feige (Liebert et al 1977, Martin & Wickramasinghe...

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 17:23

... combination of biological factors (i.e seizure-induced alterations of neuronal circuits in the amygdala region via a kindling-like mechanism) [27] and psychological worries concerning, for instance, ... score and the type of epilepsy syndrome SFE: symptomatic focal epilepsy, CFE: cryptogenic focal epilepsy, IGE: idiopathic generalized epilepsy A linear regression line and the 95% confidence band ... common in patients with newly diagnosed and chronic epilepsy and provide further insight to the association of depression and anxiety with certain demographic and seizure-related variables Competing...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 23:20

... benefit and/ or risk in sudden unexpected death in epilepsy? J Clin Pharmacol 2002, 42(2):123-136 15 Asadi-Pooya AA, Sperling MR: Clinical features of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy J Clin Neurophysiol ... L, Ryvlin P: Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP): update and reflections Neurol Clin 2009, 27(4):1063-1074 11 Friedman R: Cardiac role in sudden unexplained death in idiopathic epilepsy ... The published National Institute for Clinical Excellence guidelines state that “individuals with epilepsy and their families and/ or carers should be given and have access to information on SUDEP”...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 23:20

... intrinsically independent of other viral proteins [30] Motifs in gp41 cytoplasmic domain regulating association of HIV-1 envelope protein with DRM [8] and this phenomenon is Gag dependent in a T cell line ... (monosialotetrahexosylganglioside) and its relevance of envelope assembly onto budding virions in primary CD4+ T cells Precisely, we examined whether a point mutation (L30E) in matrix domain of Gag known for disrupting Env incorporation ... point mutation (L30E) in matrix domain of Gag previously reported to abrogate envelope incorporation, infectivity [23] and DRM association [13] in cell lines affect infectivity and modulate envelope...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:21

... BALT T cells and B cells for the expression of L-selectin, which binds to PNAd; α4 integrin, which is a subunit of α4β1 integrin (which binds mainly to VCAM-1) and α4β7 integrin (which binds to MAdCAM-1); ... minutes (min), rinsed in PBS, and incubated with peroxidase-streptavidin for 30 After a final PBS wash, slides were incubated with Vector AEC substrate (per manufacturer's instructions), stained ... immunostaining If there was no BALT on the hematoxylin-stained section, we continued to cut and examine sections at 100 μm intervals until BALT was found, or the block was cut through Small intestine...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... collected in the morning, using Vacutainer® tubes (Becton Dickinson Vacutainer Systems, Meylan, France), one month before estimated calving, at calving (within 24 hours after calving) and one month ... significant increase in the numbers of WBC at calving This was mainly due to an increase in the numbers of circulating neutrophils, and to a less extent, an increase in monocytes At calving, the ... immunostaining of CD18 and CD62L adhesion molecules, and for total and differential white blood cell counts Leukocyte counts Total and differential leukocyte counts were determined within h using...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:20

... HU staining in small piece of attached meninges (magenta arrow head in H, I, J and K) DNA staining with bis-benzimide is shown C, G and J and phase contrast of the section in A, B and C, and the ... histochemical staining shows cells in different sites including the 4th ventricle and its lateral recesses and in the perimedian sulcus (A, B and G, respectively) and trapped in the subarachnoid ... difficulty of maintaining a newborn mouse head in a steady coordinated position Therefore, upon injection of recombinant virus producing cell lines it was important to determine the location...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:21

... identify, and characterize the key players in biological systems to enable understanding in protein-protein interactions or protein-DNA interactions A number of techniques, including protein microarrays, ... vitro enzyme-kinetics and ligand-receptor stoichiometry [121, 122] and in vivo protein-protein interaction in live cells and even in live organisms [33, 123127] 2.5 Principles and Theoretical ... imaging method can provide spatio-temporal dynamics and binding maps of proteins localized in membrane, cytosol and nucleus This particular study combines fast SPIM imaging (single plane illumination...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 11:19

... been investigated as electron acceptors, e.g ferricyanide, nitrate and oxygen In the following part of introduction chapter, fundamentals of MFCs will first be introduced, and then membranes and ... electrolyte in dual-chamber MFCs and always saturated, and it could also be used in single-chamber MFCs by incorporating membrane-cathode-assembly (MCA) Chapter Introduction configuration The main challenge ... commercialization in the processing procedure, and thus is not considered in evaluating this parameter (6) Operational cost: Aeration in dual-chamber MFCs brings continuous energy consumption while single-chamber...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:29

... column and exit in the permeate Affinity resins retain and separate substances according to chemical interactions The process however is often limited by mass transfer In the affinity resin-based ... solutes in aqueous solutions, including heavy metal ions (Guibal, 2004; Miretzky and Fernandez Cirelli, 2009) and dyes (Crini, 2006; Crini and Badot, 2008) In addition, CS is non-toxic, and biocompatible ... prepared membranes The developed membranes were examined for their properties and performance in heavy metal ion removal for environmental applications and in enzyme immobilization for bioengineering...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:49

... argininebinding proteins, one of which may play a role i n the arginine-specific transport system (Wilson and Holden, 1969a, b; Rosen, 1971a) and i n addition a lysinearginine-ornithine-binding ... for L-alanine (Km = 5.7 x 10-5 M ) and probably L-serine inhibited by L-cycloserine and 0-carbamyl-Dserine; and (2) and (3?)a system for glycine, D- and L-alanine and D-serine with nonlinear double ... arginine, ornithine, and lysine; the arginine-specific binding proteins appear normal i n JC 182-5 Further work will be (Continued) TABLE I Mutations Affecting Membrane Transport Konrinuedl Amino...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2016, 09:33

... molecule is maintained in water, in protic and aprotic organic solvents of widely varying polarity, and in detergent micelles and phospholipid bilayers, even at high temperatures and in the presence ... readily incorporate into Myr2Gro-PGro bilayers in the liquid-crystalline state and remain incorporated in the gel state Permeabilization of phospholipid bilayers by GS ring-size analogs In order ... b-sheet ring results in solvation of the amide NH and CO groups, in turn causing a decrease of partitioning into the lipid bilayer and reducing their effectiveness [5] However, because the three ring-size...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:21

... equinatoxin II, a pore-forming protein from the sea anemone Actinia equina Protein Eng 10, 751–755 Mindell JA, Zhan H, Huynh PD, Collier RJ & Finkelstein A (1994) Reagents of diphtheria toxin channels ... which contains an N-terminal hexa-histidine tag and the thrombin cleavage site (Fig 1C) His6– EqtII was expressed in an E coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS strain Topology of equinatoxin II N-terminus and purified ... (2001) Pore-forming colicins and their relatives Pore-Forming Toxins 257, 131–161 Anderluh G & Macek P (2002) Cytolytic peptide and ˘ protein toxins from sea anemones (Anthozoa: Actiniaria) Toxicon...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 10:20

... structural changes in ostreolysin on binding to SEL SUVs, but little or no binding with LUVs containing 10% lyso-PtdIns The collective results (Figs and 8, and Table 2) suggest that binding to the lipid ... lyso-PtdIns for 20 before adding the LUVs or preincubating LUVs and then adding ostreolysin Fluorescence measurements Steady-state intrinsic uorescence of ostreolysin, either alone or in combination ... ostreolysin and similar proteins, such as Aa-Pri1, are toxins Specic expression of ostreolysin and aegerolysin during initiation of fungal fruiting [4,5], expression of a hemolysin-like protein of...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 21:20

... 1,2-dioleoyl-snglycero-3-(phospho-l-serine) (phosphatidylserine, PS), which are predominately found in lipid membranes within the cell (i.e phospatidylserine in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane and phosphatidylglycerol in ... with Ab in senile plaques [25] and to interfere with Ab fibrillogenesis in vitro [26] Other cystatins, also including stefins A and B, were found to co-deposite in plaques of various origin [27] ... the inner mitochondrial membrane) Insertion into lipid monolayers We have followed the kinetics of the surface pressure increase due to protein insertion into lipid monolayers and determined...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 04:20