ca2 dependent regulation of neural gene expression

... significant upregulation of mRNA of MMP-3, -9 and -13 in both normal and degenerate NP cells (P = 0.05) (Figure 1b) The upregulation of MMP-9 gene expression was significantly greater in degenerate ... include the effect of TNF-α on matrix and MMP gene expression in normal and degenerate NP cells as well as the effect of IL-1β and TNF-α on cytokine gene expression and the expression of the associated ... normal and degenerate NP cells Effect of tumour necrosis factor-alpha on matrix gene expression The basal gene expression for the collagen type I gene was significantly higher in the degenerate cells...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:20

... the expression of genes in the IL-6 signaling pathway, we found that OP-1 not only regulates expression of the IL-6 family of cytokines but also B Changes in gene expression of IL-6 family of ... stimulated expression of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and IGF-1 receptor genes [17], while inhibition of OP-1 gene expression by OP-1AS down-regulated mRNA expression of these genes We have ... Grouping of genes was done by computing over-representation of regulated genes in gene ontology (GO) classes [14] Statistical analysis consisted of 1) analysis of differentially expressed genes...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:22

... Transcriptional regulation of genes Genomic DNA is the ultimate template of our heredity In spite of the completion of the human genome project, many challenges remain in understanding the regulation of genetic ... keeping genes that need to be expressed all the time III Epigenetic regulation of genes Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression brought about by the chemical marks that are ... of regulation in addition to the genetic instruction written in the genetic code itself (Fuks, Burgers et al 2000) Epigenetic regulation can be short term or long term Short term epigenetic regulation...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 12:22

... the right contains name, ID and chromosomal positions for each gene.   †: ARRDC2,  isoform 1 and 2; ‡: arrestin β2, isoform 1.  All genes shown are human genes.    The expression products of Txnip and ARRDC genes also shared high level of similarity (with highest similarity to ARRDC2‐4, Figure 5).  All these proteins contain  ... Molecules for Regulating Txnip Expression   3.2.1.13.1 The Induction of Txnip Expression Requires  Intracellular Ca2+     3.2.1.13.2 The Induction of Txnip Expression Does Not  Require cAMP    3.2.1.13.3 The Involvement of MAPK in the Induction of ... cycle mediators.  Txnip can inhibit the expression of cyclin A by recruiting repressor  complex  (e.g.,  HDAC1)  to  the  promoter  of cyclin  A  gene,   and  down regulation of cyclin A leads to arrest of cells at G0/G1 phases (Han et al., 2003).  Over expression of ...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:09

... Decma-induced Erk phosphorylation Moreover, expression of silent mutants of Shc isoforms showed that only p46Shc and p52Shc rescued the effect of the siRNA Overexpression of p66Shc not only failed to rescue ... E-cadherindependent cell–cell contact regulates the expression of MMPs and uPA in vitro [13–15] However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood Expression of genes for ... leading to the uPA gene However, the nature of these signaling events has remained largely unknown Because both disruption of E-cadherin -dependent cell–cell-adhesion and the expression of uPA are causally...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 05:20

... Ectopic expression of IjBaSR in the presence or absence of LPS RAW 264.7 cells were transfected with 0.2 lg of IjBaSR expression vector After 24 h, cells were stimulated with 100 ngÆmL)1 of LPS ... target genes under the control of a CMV promoter, only a few studies have revealed regulation of the promoter in detail Reportedly, interferon-a inhibits murine CMV immediate-early gene expression ... results also suggest the potential application of CpG-ODNs in gene therapy as a stimulator for the optimal expression of target genes under the control of a CMV IE enhancer/promoter Acknowledgements...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 13:20

... of the specific PCR product was quantified densitometrically The values were normalized by calculating the quotient of the amount of TNFα mRNA against the amount of mRNA of the housekeeping gene ... all mice was independently performed in a blinded fashion by two of the authors (TB and MG) Both observers scored each mouse The score of each individual mouse consisted of the mean of both values ... The amount of the specific PCR product was quantified densitometrically The values were normalized by calculating the quotient of the amount of TNF-α mRNA against the amount of mRNA of the housekeeping...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 18:22

... changes in mRNA expression following RNAi knockdown of SRF Remarkably, Gene Ontology categorization of CArG element-containing genes revealed that almost half of the validated genes are associated ... transcription of SMC differentiation genes [77] iii Regulation through combination of transcription factors/cofactors The MADS domain of SRF is a docking site for many other transcription cofactors, ... ability of myocardin or MRTFA to induce expression of smooth muscle-specific genes [108,109] Although, knockout of   21    Brg1 alone in smooth muscle resulted in decreased expression of smooth...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 13:09

... mechanism of regulation of both domains involves a common iron dependent process [74,75,79] Regulation of HIFa subunits by oxygen -dependent prolyl and asparaginyl hydroxylation A variety of oxygen ... Presenilin-2 (PS2) expression up -regulation in a model of retinopathy of prematurity and pathoangiogenesis Neuroreport 12, 53–57 Estes, S.D., Stoler, D.L & Anderson, G.R (1995) Anoxic induction of a sarcoma ... (1998) Control of cell lineage-specific development and transcription by bHLH-PAS proteins Genes Dev 12, 607–620 Fedele, A.O., Whitelaw, M.L & Peet, D.J (2002) Regulation of gene expression by...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 23:20

... on ASS gene expression via a decrease in the nuclear amount of NF-jB [44] This illustrates that glutamine may regulate expression of the same gene via different pathways as a function of cell ... Analysis of gene expression in homocysteineinjured vascular endothelial cells: demonstration of GRP78/BiP expression, cloning and characterization of a novel reducing agent-tunicamycin regulated gene ... activation of NF-jB DNA-binding may account in part for increased expression of the IL-8 gene [90] In addition to STAT [91], the amino acid was shown to act at the level of the inhibitor of kappa...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 00:20

... understanding of the regulation of a1,3GalT gene transcription Therefore we have analyzed a1,3GalT regulation in pig endothelial cells We have set out to isolate the sequences upstream of the 5¢ ... were designed to determine expression of GAPDH (normalization of cDNA quantities used in Q-PCR) and E-selectin (control of TNFa stimulation) genes Before activation of pPAEC, E-selectin transcripts ... structure of the 5¢ flanking regions of the porcine a1,3GalT gene, completing partial structures as reported by Katayama et al [20] and Koike et al [21] The gene consists of 10 exons, four of which...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 16:20

... mediates c-myc gene activation, the inhibition of c-myc expression by MIBG supports the premise that SRF -dependent c-fos gene expression is the target of this inhibitor Thus, c-fos gene expression ... lack of inhibition of MAP kinase activation (Fig 7C) and Elk1 phosphorylation (Fig 7E) by MIBG, however, suggests this pathway is independent of ADP-ribosylation Expression of the c-fos gene ... prevents induction of c-fos gene expression by mitogens Increased c-fos gene activity is a hallmark of mitogen stimulation, and RT-PCR of total RNA was therefore used Inhibition of intracellular...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 09:20

... ndh gene of Escherichia coli and metal ion requirement for FNR-regulated gene expression Mol Microbiol 3, 601–608 Meng, W., Green, J & Guest, J.R (1997) FNR -dependent repression of ndh gene expression ... N (1999) Genetic analysis of nif regulatory genes by utilizing the yeast two-hybrid system detected formation of a NifL-NifA complex that is implicated in regulated expression of nif genes J Bacteriol ... (1999) Growth phase -dependent regulation of nuoA-N expression in Escherichia coli K-12 by the Fis protein: upstream binding sites and bioenergetic significance Mol General Genet 262, 876– 883...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20

... enzymes of the central metabolism of yeast resulting in down -regulation of glycolysis and up -regulation of the TCA-cycle and gluconeogenesis [1,3] In this paragraph we report on the application of ... (shortterm) goal of genetic regulation [23,24] Dealing with the evolutionary optimization of gene expression in mathematical terms requires substantial simplications in view of the complexity of cellular ... Studies of gene expression during the cell cycle of Caulobacter crescentus lead to the conclusion that ễgenes involved in a given cell function are activated at the time of execution of that...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20

... through an involvement of Sax2 in the development of morphological structures (e.g brain circuits) or the regulation of the expression of factors required for the regulation of energy homeostasis ... fasting status of the animals It is possible that the loss of Sax2 expression impairs the absorption of nutrients Several studies link leptin to the regulation of intestinal absorption of nutrients ... effect of leptin on NPY expression [24] Previously, we reported the deregulation of NPY and POMC mRNA expression in Sax2) ⁄ ) mice during postnatal development [20] The expression levels of NPY...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 23:20

... final volume of 25 μl containing 2.5 μl of 10× reaction buffer, 1.5 μl of 25 mM MgCl2, 0.5 μl of 10 mM dNTP, 0.25 μl of Taq DNA polymerase (Promega, Madison, WI) (5 unit/μl), 1.0 μl of each 10 ... transcriptional up -regulation of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines during hypoxia; whereas NFκB is mainly involved in transcriptional regulation of these genes during the phase of reoxygenation ... reoxygenation [8,40] The temporal interplay of these transcription factors may be critical in the regulation of inflammatory gene expression at different stages of hypoxia/ischemia-evoked inflammation...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... studying the influence of SARS- CoV on the immune system-independent induction of cytokines Interferon genes and their antiviral effectors To properly assess the cytokine profile of SARS-CoV infection, ... efficient dissemination of SARS-CoV By slowing down expression of IFNs and their antiviral genes in the infected tissue cells, the virus buys time during the initial, critical phase of infection in order ... possible relevance to pathogenesis J Virol 2005, 79:7819-26 Reghunathan R, Jayapal M, Hsu LY, Chng HH, Tai D, Leung BP, Melendez AJ: Expression profile of immune response genes in patients with Severe...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... similar overall gene expression profiles For example, all components of the nervous system featured higher expression of a common subset of transcripts, as did all components of the lower digestive ... version of this article and at the Toronto gene expressions website [19]) There are prominent patterns that are distinctive of a subset of genes in each category The fact that not all of the genes ... mammalian gene functions can be predicted on the basis of gene expression profiles There are many anecdotal examples in which the tissue-specific or cell-type-specific expression of a gene has...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:21

... conservation of expression of individual genes We used two conceptually simple measures intended to capture different aspects of conservation of expression The first asks how often specific gene expression ... Tissue-specific gene expression is broadly correlated across vertebrates To examine gene expression in a broad range of vertebrates, we collected a compendium of gene expression datasets, consisting of previously ... would allow assessment of the degree of conservation of tissue gene expression among all vertebrates, and a comparison of the conservation of expression to the conservation of nonexonic primary...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 19:20

... that the stimulated PBMC are a source of mRNA for the target genes of interest The expression of other relevant genes, including IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ, generated satisfactory standard curves ... then the mean coefficient of variation was determined for each target gene Data are presented as cell equivalents of expression and GAPDH normalized expression (relative expression) within each ... influence, the CE values of the target genes are normalized to a reference gene using the CE for GAPDH The RE compared with GAPDH is determined by dividing the CE of the target gene by the CE for GAPDH...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23