baker s yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae in chemical synthesis and biotransformations

... transferred to the offline assay system at various time points during nitrogen-starvation and glucose-excess (closed circles) or during glucose- and nitrogen-excess conditions (open circles) In ... nitrogen starvation is applied at the end of the production process of industrial baker s yeast (S cerevisiae) in order to increase its carbohydrate content, which in turn increases the storage stability ... caused by changes in the concentrations of substrates, products and effectors (X), and by changes in the affinities (1 ⁄ K) of enzyme e towards its substrates, products and effectors (K) As derived...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 06:20

... Materials and methods Yeast strains, plasmids and growth conditions All yeast strains used in this study are in the YPH499 background and are listed in Table Yeast strains were grown in 1% yeast extract, ... catalyzing sterol synthesis and storage, it is tempting to speculate that Ste20p and Cla4p may in uence sterol homeostasis In this work, we show that sterol levels are increased in cells lacking ... amounts of sterols in the ste20D and the cla4D strains TLC separates free sterols and SE, and both can be quantified In contrast, GLC ⁄ MS allows a detailed analysis of individual sterols, but SE...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 13:20

... Construction of plasmids and strains Construction of expression plasmids were performed according to the universal protocols [29] For plasmids and strains used in this study, see Tables and Biochemical ... for protein–protein interaction In this study, Osh6p was demonstrated to bind a pool of phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PtdInsP) including PtdIns(4)P, PtdIns(5)P, PtdIns(3,4)P2 and PtdIns(3,5)P2 ... not shown) In order to elucidate how Osh6p affected sterol levels, we tested sterol esterification and the rate of sterol biosynthesis in both osh6D and OSH6 overexpressing strains Sterol biosynthesis...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... al insights into ageing, apoptosis and diseases Mol Aspects Med 22, 217–246 Moye-Rowley WS (2002) Transcription factors regulating the response to oxidative stress in yeast Antioxid Redox Signal ... cannot release Ca2+ via Yvc1p Nevertheless, this strain is deficient in restoring cytosolic Ca2+ levels after a stress burst [12], and is consequently less tolerant to exogenous oxidants Cytosolic Ca2+ ... 325–338 Shima J & Takagi H (2009) Stress-tolerance of baker s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cells: stress-protective molecules and genes involved in stress tolerance Biotechnol Appl Biochem...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:20

... signal Crossinhibition, intrinsic signal inhibits extrinsic signal, high specificity to extrinsic signal 1 Crossactivcation, extrinsic signal amplifies intrinsic signal, low specificity to intrinsic ... to intrinsic signal Crossinhibition, extrinsic signal inhibits intrinsic signal, high specificity to intrinsic signal Si ¼ XX ðiÞ ði;eÞ Table Combinations of crosstalk measures and their interpretations ... 1) From Si > follows that the extrinsic signal inhibits the intrinsic signal This can also be seen in the FREPs time curves in Fig However, the intrinsic signal dominates the extrinsic signal...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 10:20

Ngày tải lên: 14/11/2014, 06:20

... in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1.4.1 Actin structures in yeast 1.4.2 Endocytosis in yeast 10 1.4.3 Actin involvement in yeast endocytosis 13 1.4.4 A dynamic picture of yeast actin and endocytosis ... Actin and endocytosis in yeast 1.4.1 Actin structures in yeast Budding yeast cells contain three distinct actin structures that are visible by fluorescence microscopy of Rhodamine-phalloidin stained ... organisms, such as Drosophila melanogaster, Dictyostelium discoideum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae The genetic studies in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevesiae are especially fruitful By isolation...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 08:19

... monitors the process in real-time in living cells 1.1.B Endocytosis in yeast The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has served as an excellent model organism for the study of vesicular transport ... Hyperphosphorylation induces rapid degradation of Pan1p 129 vii LIST OF TABLES Table Yeast strains used in this study 16 Table Plasmids used in this study 20 viii ABBREVIATIONS a.a amino acid ABS actin binding sequence ... clathrin-mediated endocytosis in S cerevisiae and mammalian cells, as well as caveolae-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis and phagocytosis in mammalian cells In addition, actin assembly has a...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 09:44

... Fluid-phase endocytosis assay 66 2.13 FM4-64 endocytosis assay 66 2.14 Carboxypeptidase Y missorting assay 67 2.15 Lipid assay 67 2.15.1 In vivo neutral lipid synthesis assay 67 2.15.2 Sterol biosynthesis ... activity as precursors of second messenger molecules and as crucial messengers themselves in the localization and assembly of protein machineries (Martin, 1998) Phosphoinositides derive from phosphatidylinositol ... Vps23, Vps28 and Vps37 proteins, all these three proteins belong to class E Vps proteins It suggested that a subset of the Vps class E proteins initiate ubiquitin dependent vacuolar protein sorting...

Ngày tải lên: 03/10/2015, 20:57

... inserted channels showed cation selectivity, whereas the other channels were selective towards anions These results strongly support our conclusion that peroxisomes from baker s yeast contain ... of yeast peroxisomes provides free access to the particles for small solutes but prevents diffusion of bulky solutes such as cofactors (NAD ⁄ H ⁄ , NADP ⁄ H ⁄ , CoA and its acylated derivatives) ... 2B,C) These results can be explained by both plant and yeast high-conductance channels functioning as dimers consisting of two low-conductance channels This notion was substantiated by the single-channel...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 02:20

... was determined as described previously [34] RESULTS Interaction between Gts1p and GAPDH in the yeast two-hybrid system The yeast cDNA library was screened for proteins interacting with Gts1p using ... it is likely that all GAPDH proteins possess similar binding activity to Gts1p, although cDNA fragments encoding GAPDH3 were obtained in the screening assay for Gts1p-binding proteins Ó FEBS 2002 ... acidic amino-acid residues preceded by hydrophobic amino acids The presence of these sequences suggested that Gts1p interacts with various proteins to show pleiotropic effects on yeast In this study...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 21:21

... localized amino acid sensor known as Ssy1 Similar to the glucose sensors, Rtg2 and Snf3, Ssy1 was revealed as an amino acid sensor based on its similarities and marked differences to the amino acid ... nutrient sensing to the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory machinery 1.9 The Role of Grr1 in Amino Acid Signaling Through the SPS Sensor The yeast S cerevisiae possesses the ability ... mechanism of SPS signaling and the consequences of defective SPS signaling will be discussed in the following section The presence of extra-cellular amino acids is initially sensed through a plasma...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 13:29

... glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, Minor sphingoid long-chain base kinase YOR171C Sphingoid long-chain base kinase Sphingosine kinase YBR177C acyltransferase that plays a minor role in Hydrolase mannosylinositol ... proteins having a PH domain Shares domains with many proteins involved in Phosphate group transfer Plasmids The plasmid vector used in this study was a E coli / Saccharomyces cerevisiae shuttle ... glycerol kinase kinase Sphingosine Kinase Minor Sphingoid long chain Diacyl glycerol kinase kinase Sphingosine Kinase NADPH-dependent 1-acyl Short chain dihydroxyacetone phosphate dehydrogenase reductase...

Ngày tải lên: 04/10/2015, 16:03

... methylene groups bridging the four phosphorus atoms (see Supplementary material) Results and Discussion Comments on the synthesis of p4A analogues Recognition of p4A analogues as substrates by the ... References Small GD & Cooper C (1966) Studies on the occurrence and biosynthesis of adenosine tetraphosphate Biochemistry 5, 26–33 Jakubowski H (1986) Sporulation of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ... Guranowski A, Starzynska E, Barnes LD, Robinson AK & Liu S (1998) Adenosine 5¢-tetraphosphate phosphohydrolase activity is an inherent property of soluble exopolyphosphatase from yeast Saccharomyces...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 14:20

... of chemically synthesizing peptides, such as tx5a, that possess multiple post-translational modifications This synthesis in and of itself is a significant achievement in lieu of the complexity and ... the same as that previously discovered and reported for contulakin-G (Conus geographus) This surprising result establishes that the O-glycosylation of serine and threonine residues in Conus peptides ... time-proportional phase incrementation (TPPI or States-TPPI) increments in t1 A 35 ms mixing time was used in collecting 256 summed scans employing the MLEV17 spinlock sequence A DQF-COSY spectrum was recorded...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20

... compatible solvents swell such resins extensively creating ‘solvent porosity’ which allows ingress into and egress from the resin For many macroporous resins the assumption is probably reasonable ... poor solvents Their use is therefore restricted to processes involving swelling solvents Despite this 1–2% cross-linked poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) (PS-DVB) geltype resins are the supports most ... the low levels of cross-linker used in gel-type resin synthesis As a result the final product is a swollen gel-type resin or ‘solvent expanded’ geltype Interestingly resins of this type are reported...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2014, 12:15

... SEM image (inset: HRSEM), (b) XRD and (c) XPS patterns of the collected Co-NCs passivation Co layers and substrate In addition, no impurity phases such as cobalt oxides or precursor compounds ... samples were characterized extensively for morphology, phase, and chemical composition using scanning/transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray ... investigative studies on novel great magnetoresistive properties Results and discussion Figure 1a shows a typical SEM image, in which high dense (high-yield) chain-like nanostructures are observed One...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 04:20

... using suspensions without processing additives Fig 11 shows general microstructural aspects as well as details of the granules obtained after spraying and freezing suspensions with 50-vol.% solids ... aqueous suspensions containing 50-vol.% solids and 3-wt% binder + 1.5-wt% plasticizer (P200) 4.2 Tape casting Oppositely to freeze granulation, tape casting process using AlN suspensions in aqueous ... Advances in Ceramics - Synthesis and Characterization, Processing and Specific Applications where [·]Al denotes an aluminium vacancy Mass and strain misfits caused by the vacant aluminium site increase...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 13:20

... temperature synthesis for functional nanostructured materials, combustion and molten salt synthesis for ceramic powders with special characteristics, partial-pressureless sintering and freeze-casting ... Table Phase composition and physical and mechanical properties of the synthesis products in the Ti–Cr–Al–C system 12 Advances in Ceramics - Synthesis and Characterization, Processing and Specific ... used [11] The SHS targets passed successful tests in various types of installations, namely, dc magnetron systems (MS) [1, 9, 12–14, 15–17, 18–24], high-frequency [25] and pulsed MS [11], MS...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 13:20

... cortex and disinhibited striatal dopamine release is seen in schizophrenic patients [15] Loss of dopamine in the striatum is a cause of the loss of motor control seen in Parkinson 's patients [16] Studies ... Newbould E, Jaskiw E: Increased striatal dopamine synthesis is associated with decreased tissue levels of tyrosine Brain Res 2006, 1115:26-36 Fernstrom J, Fernstrom M: Dietary effects on tyrosine availability ... tyrosine and a tyrosine pool that represents all the other uses and sources of tyrosine in the terminal Tyrosine is converted into L-3,4dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) by tyrosine hydroxylase...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:20