bacteria morphology and physiology

... (transcription and translation) by the host cell CLASSIFICATION OF VIRUSES (1) Nucleic acid type: RNA or DNA; single-stranded or doublestranded; strategy of replication (2) Size and morphology, ... number of capsomeres, and presence of membranes (3) Presence of specific enzymes, particularly RNA and DNA polymerases, and neuraminidase (4) Susceptibility to physical and chemical agents, especially ... probably of cellular origin and characterized by a long co-evolution of virus and host For propagation viruses depend on specialized host cells supplying the complex metabolic and biosynthetic machinery...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 12:59

... codeine (Houde and Wallenstein, 65) (See also Figs and 5.) c Addiction Euphoria, tolerance, and addiction have been reported in man and tolerance and addiction in the monkey (1) Codeine can and does ... of Denton and Beecher, the pain threshold was determined before and 90 after the injection There is a possibility that the discrepancies between Hardy, Wolff, and Goodell and Denton and Beecher ... lines of Figs and can be evaluated as follows: + 0.00613 D(d) Z(m) = 1.04 + 0.0775 D(m) I(d) = 1.07 where I ( d) and I(m) are the analgesic indices of demerol and morphine and D(d) and D(m) are...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 14:20

... alive) and the prokaryotic cells (which are), lie the viruses and bacteriophages (phages) These twilight creatures are parasites responsible for causing many diseases in living things (herpes and ... consist of a core of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA, and a protective coat of protein molecules and sometimes lipids In isolation, viruses and bacteriophages show none of the expected signs of ... collection of macromolecules and they show one of the most important signs of life: the ability to reproduce at a fantastic rate but only in a host cell Bacteriophages attack bacteria (prokaryotes)...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 13:08

... growth history related to the morphology and growth temperature We show that the formation of SiNWs is indeed closely related to the amorphous SiO particles, and the growth and self-assembling process ... gas 19 phase, which ensures the continual phase separation and precipitation and results in the formation of SiNWs made of a Si core and a SiO2 sheath The one-dimensional growth of SiNWs is facilitated ... relationship between the SiNWs and SiO particles can be seen more clearly from Fig 2a, Fig (a) and (b) An initial growth stage of SiNWs can be found from fresh SiO particles and (c) `C' indicates a...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:06

... zone A, a thick dark yellow fluffy product in Zone B, and a thin light yellow powderlike product in zone C As can be seen in Fig 1, both morphology and diameter of as-grown SiNWs are different in different ... confirmed that the kinks only contained silicon and oxygen It should be noted that, from zone A to zone B, the temperature dependence of the morphology and diameter of the SiNWs is similar to that ... introduced and kept flowing at a flow rate of 50 sccm The pressure in the tube was controlled at 300 Torr Then the furnace was heated to 1200 °C at the central region After the temperature and pressure...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:09

... materials, it is necessary to expand our understanding of gas sensor mechanism in nanoand polycrystalline oxides For example, it is necessary to establish the role of morphology and crystallographic structure ... Science and Engineering R 61 (2008) 1–39 Fig 19 Cracking influence on morphology of In2O3 and gas penetrability of metal oxides (Adapted with permission from Refs [87,134] Copyright 2001 and 2004: ... direction and another in the {2 1} and {3 1} directions So, the determination of crystallographic planes with optimal combinations of adsorption/desorption and catalytic parameters, and the development...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:11

... C Goswami et al the morphology and movement of TRPV1-positive growth cones We demonstrate that NADA, an endogenous ligand of TRPV1, not only affects growth cone morphology and movement, but also ... the cytoskeletal organization of neurite extensions and regulates neurite morphology and extension Results TRPV1 is localized in the central and peripheral zones of growth cones Growth cones, ... Untreated explants (top panel, a and b), treated with agonist RTX in absence (middle panel, c and d) or presence of the antagonist IRTX (lower panel, e and f) are fixed and stained for tubulin Arrowheads...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 09:21

... thousand sentences We call the first test set (100 thousand sentences) "test set-l" and the second test set (5 thousand sentences) "test set-T' Table shows the number of sentences, words, and ... In this experiment, we randomly selected two sets of 100 thousand sentences The first 100 thousand sentences are used for training the language model The second 100 thousand sentences are used ... - f(ci, < W T > , ) and f(ci[ci-t, < W T > , ) are the relative frequencies of the character unigram and bigram for each word type and part of speech, f(ci) and f(cilci_l) are the relative...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20

... rich stemming (Popovi~ and Willett, 1992) Since we focus on French, a language with a rich declensional inflectional and derivational morphology we have chosen the richest and most precise morphological ... of Speech Disambiguation and Morphology The morphological analysis performed in this study is detailed in (Tzoukermann, Klavans, and Jacquemin, 1997) It is more complete and linguistically more ... Krovetz, Robert and W Bruce Croft 1992 Lexical ambiguity and information retrieval ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 10(2):115-141 Lewis, David D., W Bruce Croft, and Nehru Bhandaru 1989 Language-oriented...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 21:20

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 12:37

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 12:40

... electron and hole before intraband relaxation of the electron and hole from the excited state to the band edge The rise time of the TA traces in Figs 2(a) and 3(a), corresponds to the intraband exciton ... ratios Results and discussion Analysis of TEM images shown in Figs 1(a) and 1(d) show average QD diameters of ~4.0 nm with a standard deviation of 7% and average QR diameters of ~4.0 nm and lengths ... to relax to the band edge is the rise time of the B1 TA signal [1] For the QD and QR sample, the intraband relaxation times were approximately 700 fs and 1100 fs for the QD and QR respectively...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 08:53

... Results and discussion 3.1 Morphology and structural analyses Fig depicts the SEM images of micro-nanostructured ZnO grown under different pH, namely, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 The growth temperature and ... micro-nanostructured ZnO under different pH: (a) 7; (b) 8; (c and f) 9; (d and g) 10; and (e) 11 Lower magnification SEM images (f) and (g) Side view images of micro-nanostructured ZnO at pH = ... controlled at (Fig 1a) The amount of Zn(OH)4 2− and Zn(NH3 )4 2+ increases with the pH When the pH is above 8, Zn(OH)4 2− and Zn(NH3 )4 2+ will gather and decompose to ZnO nuclei at the beginning...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 13:23

... (10 points) Part B: Seed morphology and anatomy (27 points) Part C: Ficus propagule dissection (5 points) Part D: Functional, ecological and phylogenetic aspects of seeds and seedlings (18 points) ... seedlings (18 points) Task II: Plant anatomy and physiology (40 points) Part A: Anatomy of a plant stem (13 points) Part B: Study of leaf epidermis and physiology (17 points) Part C: Interpretation ... ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY PRACTICAL TEST Materials and equipment: For Task I: Plant diversity and anatomy Materials and equipment Quantity Unit Seedlings: A, B, C and D (in plastic cups) specimen Seeds/propagules:...

Ngày tải lên: 03/06/2014, 17:41

... SINGAPORE PRACTICAL TEST ANSWER SHEET PLANT DIVERSITY, ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY Task I (60 points) Plant diversity and anatomy Part A Morphology of seedlings (14 points) Q1.1 (0.5 points × 20 = 10 ... of 13 IBO2012 SINGAPORE PRACTICAL TEST ANSWER SHEET PLANT DIVERSITY, ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY Part B Seed morphology and anatomy (27 points) Q1.2 (0.25 points × 12 = points) Absent: _ Absent: ... SINGAPORE PRACTICAL TEST ANSWER SHEET PLANT DIVERSITY, ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY Part D Functional, ecological and phylogenetic aspects of seeds and seedlings (19 points) Q1.6 (0.5 points × = 4.5 points)...

Ngày tải lên: 03/06/2014, 17:42

... Decompositions and Transformations as Peaks and Wells 31 Fig Columns and : Binary sets Z and Y and their decomposition Column : Z Y and its decomposition Column : Z Y and its decomposition 4.1 “Supremum” and ... Mathematical Morphology and General Form of Fuzzy Erosions and Dilations Fuzzy Sets and Systems 160, 1858–1867 (2009) Image Decompositions and Transformations as Peaks and Wells Fernand Meyer Mines ... right if and only if ε and δ defined by Equations 12 and 13 are algebraic erosion and dilation, respectively Proposition 11 Let δ and ε be a dilation and an erosion defined by Equations 13 and 12...

Ngày tải lên: 05/06/2014, 11:54

... vertically and form NWs The few large InAs islands and non-vertical InAs NWs observed in sample A, B, and C can be explained by the reoxidation in the system, which provides nucleation sites and reactant ... sequentially) and etched in buffered oxide etch solution (BOE, six parts 40% NH4F and one part 49% HF) for 30 s to remove the native oxide, and then rinsed in deionized water for 15 s and dried with ... et al [20] and Tiong et al [21], and also generalized by Campbell and Faucher et al [22], the reduction in physical dimension of materials can lead to a downshift of phonon frequency and a broadening...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 01:20

... Results and Discussion Morphology The anodic conditions and morphology parameters of the nanotubes, prepared in the electrolytes containing 0.175 M NH4F and different volume ratios of water and glycerol, ... with those of samples and 3) Figure 1f shows the SEM bottom and bottom side (inset) views of sample The tube bottom exhibits the hexagon-like cell morphology Que Anh S Nguyen and co-workers reported ... by Table The anodic conditions and morphology parameters of the nanotubes prepared in the electrolytes containing 0.175 M NH4F and different volume ratios of water and glycerol Samples Electrolytes...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 11:20

... levels between the valence band and conduction bands (deep and shallow holes) within the band gap The PL behavior was related to the existence of oxygen vacancies and/ or distortions on the [HfO6] ... oxygen 2p states (near the valence band) and hafnium 5d states (below the conduction band) [73] The PL spectrum of rice-like HfO2 nanostructures shows a broad band covering a large part of the visible ... clusters and indirect forbidden transitions, respectively) According to Park et al [66] and Ramo et al [67] the monoclinic HfO2 structure presents an indirect band gap In principle, the band gap...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... the surface water and measuring the resistance employing the same set up Results and Discussion 1,465 cm-1 for stretching of –CH3 and –CH2 remain in their respective position and their intensity ... between MT clay structure and pendant sulfonated polystyrene group (shown in Scheme 2) in sulfonated SEBS The peaks for H bonded –OH band near 3,430 cm-1 and the peaks at 523 and 466 cm-1 for MT clay ... mechanism, S3SEBS and S6SEBs show much water diffusion (1,445 cm3/7day and 2,445 cm3/7day) as depicted in Fig Around 21% and 91% improvements have been imposed by S3SEBSMT4 and S6SEBSMT4 nanocomposites,...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 06:20