automatically constructing a lexicon

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 20:20

... that the proper place for describing discourse markers is a dedicated lexicon that provides a classification of their syntactic, semantic and pragmatic features and characterizes the relationships ... markers, we do not regard this distinction as particularly helpful, though. As we have illustrated above and will elaborate below, these words can carry a wide variety of semantic and pragmatic ... summary of the situation. Their 'test for relational phrases' is a good start, but geared towards the English language (we are investigat- ing German as well), and furthermore it catches...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 18:20

... Color- concept-emotion associations may also be useful for textual entailment, and for machine translation as a source of paraphrasing. Color-concept-emotion associations also have the potential to enhance human-computer ... concepts as- sociated with that color. For Task 2, we showed a particular facial feature and a swatch in a particu- lar color, and asked 50 workers to name the color and describe the concepts and ... our annotators to a particular set of emotions. This allows us to 1 Available for download at: http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/ downloads/ Questions about the data and the access process may...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20

... dulingvaj leksikeroj estas uzataj anstatafi ~ablonoj, kiam eble. Tiamaniere, nur mankantaj dulingvaj leksikeroj estas kreataj. La algoritmo povus erari kiam du unuoj en la sama plur'aro havas ... rezulto estas transira celplur'aro; (iv) La transira celplur'aro kaj la celanal]za plur'aro estas kongruigataj. Sukcesa unuigo sekvigas ke la dullngvaj eroj uzitaj en la transiro ... lafi tiaspeca modelo. La algoritmo por krej novajn dulingvajn lek- sikerojn konsistas el kvin pa~oj: (i-ii) Fonta kaj cela frazoj estas analizataj. Fontanal- iza kaj celanaliza plur'aroj...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 06:20

... pressure, and assume that learning takes place in an environment where simple semantic representations of the speech intent are available to the acquisition mechanism. For example, we approximate ... words, and also discarded. One can view this procedure as a variant of the expectation-maximization (Dempster et al., 1977) procedure, with the parse of each utterance as the hidden variables. ... learning language "from a radio" and providing an unambiguous tex- tual transcription, as might be used for training a speech recognition system. Our goal is to create a program...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 07:20

... Prentice-Hall (1973) Kaplan,R. & Bresnan~I. Lexical-Functional Grammar: a formal system for grammatical representation. In Bresnan,J., Ed. The Mental Representation of Grammatical Relations. ... component and its weight (for instance the new alternative may be a partial NP instead of a complete NP (as in take care), or a NP marked differently from usual). The latter specifies that a certain ... These are measures that are used in order to derive an overall measure of likelihood of a partial analysis. Measures are included for the likelihood of that particular reading of the word and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 18:20

... is a monosyllable. First, each English character in an English term is identified as a consonant, a vowel or a nasal. For example, the characters a , “b” and “n” are viewed as a vowel, a consonant ... systematically organized, much invaluable information can be obtained from this large text corpus. Many researchers dealing with natural language processing, machine translation, and information ... phonetically and statistically to a syllable in the target language. Two conversions using phoneme-to-phoneme and text-to-phoneme syllabification algorithms are automatically deduced from a training...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 06:20

... natural language queries and translate them into a database query language. Also, WOLFIE could possibly assist in translation from one natural language to another. 2 Problem Definition and ... [food,type:pasta], [food], and [pasta]. Since all of these have 100% coverage in this example set, any of them could be chosen as the meaning representation for pasta. Again, for clarity, we ... representation, but is a reasonable as- sumption. Tree least general generalizations (TLGGs) plus statistics are used together to solve the problem. We make no assumption that each word has a single...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 09:20

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:20

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 21:20

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 13:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 01:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 01:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/05/2014, 23:29

Ngày tải lên: 11/06/2014, 13:01

Ngày tải lên: 11/06/2014, 13:21

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 11:20

... second, and a period of one second. Update Button.Click Uses a DataAdapter to update changes made to the first DataTable back to the data source. CheckRefreshDataSet( ) This method is called ... and a timer. The sample code contains two event handlers and one method: Form.Load Sets up the sample by creating a DataTable containing the Categories table from the Northwind database. ... database. The default view of the table is bound to a data grid on the form. A second DataTable with the auto-refreshing functionality is created that also contains the Categories table from the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 18:16

... extract an error-rate in a way that doesn’t require manually tagged data. However, we also use an error-rate calculated from the CLC error tags to ob- tain an upper bound for the performance of an ... Essay Assessor (IEA) (Landauer et al., 2003) uses Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) (Lan- dauer and Foltz, 1998) to compute the semantic sim- ilarity between texts, at a specific grade point, and a ... problem is viable, but the feature types are all fairly shallow, and the approach doesn’t make effi- cient use of the training data as a separate classifier is trained for each grade point. Recently,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... parts randomly: 5K as the adaptation corpus and 5K as the testing set. We show the ASR char- acter accuracy results after lexicon adaptation by the proposed approach in Table 3. LAICA-1 LAICA-2 A ... ratios from the relative increased character accuracy to the relat ive increased MAP for the three lexicon adaptation ap- proaches are different. A key factor making the proposed LAICA approach ... replaced by characters, we can treat words as a means to enhance character recog- nition accuracy. Such arguments stand at least for Chinese ASR since they evaluate on character error rate and...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 07:20