... VII. The Veins 1. Introduction2. The Pulmonary Veins3. The Systemic Veins a. The Veins oftheHeart b. The Veins ofthe Head and Neck 1. The Veins ofthe Exterior ofthe Head and Face2. The ... AnatomyoftheHuman Body. 1918. 7. The Notochord The notochord (Fig. 19) consists of a rod of cells situated on the ventral aspect ofthe neural tube; it constitutes the foundation ofthe ... ofthe Neck3. The Diploic Veins4. The Veins ofthe Brain5. The Sinuses ofthe Dura Mater. Ophthalmic Veins and Emissary Veinsc. The Veins ofthe Upper Extremity and Thorax d. The Veins of...
... improve thehuman capital or skills of a country’s population, or to facilitate the employ-ment ofhuman capital in diverse sectors ofthe economy. Table 1.1 provides the categories of reforms ... set of reforms designed to promote the use of human resources through more-general reforms to the labor market or the economy. In the case ofthe labor market, these could encompass, for example, ... general interest in human capital and economic initiatives.12 Facing Human Capital Challenges ofthe 21st CenturyWe used the interview notes to provide an overview ofthe areas of human capital...
... encoded another type of KLK11, isoform 2,despite the presence of exon 1c. The secretory path-ways of KLK11 isoforms appeared to differ, althoughboth isoforms were secreted from cells. Hence, the ... show the transcription initiation sites ofthehuman and a white arrowhead shows the transcription initiation site of the mouse. Dashes show gaps and asterisks show the same nucleotide in the ... mechan-ism of KLK11 gene expression.ResultsThree different primary transcripts are derivedfrom thehuman KLK11 geneWe determined the nucleotide sequences of 15 clones of the PCR products from the human...
... to the protein of interest. In the case ofthe rpL32 fragmentor the (GCC)9sequence, there are several repeatedZF5-binding sites within a single oligonucleotide.Therefore, the affinity of ... (1994)Identification of a GC element in the promotor of the murine L32 ribosomal protein L32 gene and the 3¢-ter-minal region ofthehuman apolipoprotein A-I gene,capable of binding with murine and human ... Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The first pair of primers(5¢-GGCCTTCAAGGCATTAAG-3¢,5¢-AAACAAATGGCCTGTCCG-3¢) spanned a 958 bp 5¢-part ofthe ZF5coding region; the...
... in front ofthe HSVtk promoter and transfected into HeLa cells.CAT activity was normalized for transfection efficiency. The values of the activities are set relative to the activity ofthe clone ... mL of sample. The column was eluted at0.1 mLÆmin)1. Fractions of 0.5 mL were collected after the void volume ofthe column.SDS/PAGE and protein identification by MALDI-TOF MSSamples from the ... identifica-tion of NF1 by MALDI-TOF MS is based primarily onpeptide mass matches within the conserved DNA bindingdomain, we cannot distinguish between the variousisoforms. Furthermore, NF1 exist in the...
... independent of 15d-PGJ2stimulation.Thereafter, the precise site of action of 15d-PGJ2was identified by further 5¢ deletion analysis dissecting the )192 to )154 region of Prm3. Deletion of the PPARc ... (DR5). These dataprovide direct evidence for the role of PPARc in the regulation of human TP gene expression within the vasculature and point to further critical dif-ferences in the modes of transcriptional ... 15d-PGJ2-suppres-sion of luciferase expression. On the other hand, eitherdeletion ofthe latter PPARc (b) and RXR IV halfsites, such as within the )154 subfragment, or dis-ruption ofthe RXR IV half...
... sepa-rations. The purity ofthe enzyme was determined by SDS/PAGE, and the molecular mass verified by MALDI-TOFMS. The monomeric molecular mass of 52.4 kDa deter-mined was > 99.99% ofthe predicted ... metabolism.Rapid progress in the pathophysiology ofhuman diseaseshas always been hampered by the availability of human tissue, aesthetics, and ethical considerations. The principleaim of this study was ... 2), with a Ki of 100 nM.Thelattertwo compounds were also found to be mixed inhibitors of the enzyme (data not shown). The pH optimum was determined as 8.25 and the activity of the enzyme was...
... exhibit the same pheno-type as the heg mutant fish – that ofthe dilated heart covered by a single layer of myocardium. The similar-ity ofthe phenotype in these nonsense alleles suggestedthat these ... failure in mice lacking Ccm2. The connections oftheheart to the aorta, and the associated cranial portions ofthe dorsalaorta are narrowed in mice lacking Ccm2. The paired dorsal aortae in a ... mutation exhibit a dilated heart phenotype. The myocardium proliferates to anormal number of cells, but instead of building intoconcentric layers to form the walls ofthe heart, the myocardial cells...
... structure ofthe 17glutamines present in the wild-type G-CSF. The first column reports the position ofthe glutamines in the wild-type protein sequence. The second column indicates the percentage of ... determine the yield of the reaction.PEGylated G-CSF and mutant analysis The characterization ofthe PEGylation sites ofthe wild-type and mutant G-CSF was performed by combiningPEGylation ofthe ... The Authors Journal compilation ª 2009 FEBS 6741 The analysis ofthe trajectories ofthe equilibratedMD simulation showed that the root mean squaredfluctuations (RMSFs) ofthe protein have their...
... loop in the primed side ofthe binding sitegroove. Although the prodomains of cathepsins F andW share the same degree of similarity to the prodo-main of cruzipain, the similarity ofthe mature ... type of N-terminal tag was previ-ously used for the expression ofthe propeptide of human cathepsin K, and it did not interfere with the inhibitory activity ofthe protein [24]. Although some of the ... cross-inhibition of brucipain by PCZ. The pro-domain of cruzipain shares the highest identity with the C-terminal portion (residues Pro147–Leu251) of the prodomain of cathepsin F (32%) and that of cath-epsin...
... functional studies of Nog o-A.On the other hand, the recent identification of Nogo-40as a potent NgR antagonist suggests a promising startingpoint for the design of potential therapeutic agents ... Zn2+.Furthermore, the d etermination ofthe Nogo-40 solutionstructure offers a starting point for further understanding the interaction between NgR and Nogo-40, and forfuture designs of molecules ... stabilized by the introduction ofthe helix-stabilizing solvent trifluoroethanol.We report here the structure of Nogo-40, a Nogo-66Fig. 1. Schematic representation ofthe doma in organization o f the...
... with the Gly93 of another. The crystal structures of diubiquitin and tetraubiquitinshowed some alternatives ofthe quaternary c onformations of ubiquitin polymer for e fficient r ecognition by the ... partic-ularly evident in the regions of 28–43 and 71–83, thatcorrespond to the strand b2, the N terminus ofthe h elix a1, the helix a2, and the connecting loop to the strand b5(Fig. 3 A,D).SuchalargedifferencebetweentheNMRandcrystalstructures ... residues 45–58 in the former model and 40 , 49 and 55–58 in the latter model of SUMO-2 and the equivalents of ubiquitin. Although the sequences have only 18% identity, the protein folds of SUMO-2 and...
... accumulation of cystine in the lysosome[1,2]. During the normal degradation of proteins in the lysosome, cystine, the disulfide-linked form of cysteine,is not reduced in the oxidating environment of the lysosome ... with which these CTNS mutant alle-les can complement ers1D. Importantly, the inability of these mutant ctns alleles to complement ers1D provides the proof of principle for the utility of yeast ... analysis of Gtr1–GFP fusions in livecells (data not shown). In the presence of Meh1, Gtr1is found at the vacuole, while in the absence of Meh1,Gtr1 appears to be localized to the cytosol. Given the degree...
... in the absence of competitor. As shown inFig. 6, in the presence of an amount of free IBB-HMGB2186comparable to the amount of protein in the complex, transfection efficiency was only 37% of controls, ... uptake of protein–DNAcomplexes via endocytosis. The IBB-HMGB2186molecule in the presence of the endosomolytic reagent was the most effective. Our results show thatrecombinant derivatives ofhuman ... pCMS-eGFP-E2C-Lucwas used, which contains the eGFP-encoding gene under the control ofthe SV40 enhancer ⁄ promoter, and the fireflyPhotinus pyralis luciferase gene under the control of the cytomegalovirus immediate...
... ions but the hydro-lysis of ATP was also observed in the presence of manganese, cobalt and calcium ions (Table 1).To further characterize the ATPase activity of bothGST-NBDs, the effect of ATPase ... was tested of a number of allocrites tostimulate the ATPase activity ofthe NBDs of MRP1. The following compounds (tested at the indicated concentra-tions) had no significant effect on the basal ... comparison, we havemeasured the effect of S-decyl-glutathione on the ATPaseactivity of MalK [40] and of GlcV, the ATP-binding subunit of a glucose uptake system from the thermoacidophilicSulfolobus...