amp gene regulatory networks

... fabrication method is generally selected based on the building blocks of the micelle system and the drug properties The more water soluble amphiphilic copolymers and drugs are generally fabricated ... quickly cleared due to their small size of 5-15 nm Table 2.3 Sample of polymer-drug conjugates Polymer* Drug** Indication Status/Name Ref Camptothecin Advanced solid tumors Phase I/ C TAM2106 [74-76] ... therapeutic and their mechanism of action [24] 12 Table 2.2 Sample of some liposome-based drugs for cancer chemotherapy 17 Table 2.3 Sample of polymer-drug conjugates 20 Table 2.4 Nanoparticle-based...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:06

... Dryer B-90 which is the fourth and newest generation of laboratory scale spray-dryers developed by the company following the ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT previous generations (Mini Spray Dryers B-190, B-191 ... substances such as proteins and genes RI Several studies showed that encapsulated products retained their activity after the spray-drying process [17,37,82,98] For example, Jensen et al encapsulated ... h in both aqueous PT and vitreous humour samples indicating enhanced ocular penetration and prolonged RI cyclosporine A release from NPs [111] This example indicates that in some cases, the use...

Ngày tải lên: 02/09/2015, 13:31

... materials unstable under high vacuum or high-energy electron bombardment, samples too bulky for the SEM sample compartment, and samples requiring manipulation on the surface during examination and vertical ... Marathon Model 21K/R General-Purpose Refrigerated Centrifuge, maximum speed 13,300 rpm, temperature range -20to -40°C(A) Centrifuge; (B) eight place fixed angle rotor; and (C) Nalgene polypropylene ... Marathon Model 21K/R General-Purpose Refrigerated Centrifuge, maximum speed 13,300 rpm, temperature range –20 to –40°C (A) Centrifuge; (B) eight place fixed angle rotor; and (C) Nalgene polypropylene...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 16:27

... poly[bis(methoxyethoxyethoxy)phosphazene] hybrid networks synthesized by hydrolysis and condensation reactions Conversion of the precursor polymers to covalently interconnected hybrid networks with controlled morphologies ... Experimental 95 3.2.1 General 95 3.2.2 Materials .96 3.2.3 Preparation of cyclotriphosphazene-functionalized monomers 97 3.2.4 General procedure for ring-opening ... metathesis polymerization 137 4.2.8 General procedure for deprotection and lithiation of polymers 6-9 .139 4.2.9 Preparation of polymer electrolyte samples for impedance analysis 140 4.2.10...

Ngày tải lên: 13/11/2014, 11:13

... materials An example of a typical solder reflow temperature profile is shown in Fig 3.3 The mechanical properties of polymeric materials are highly sensitive to temperature For example, the behavior ... thicknesses ahead of the crack; and (iii) extensive damage developing along film-substrate interfaces In general, the operative mechanism depends on the porosity level/distribution of the adhesive as well ... functional requirements necessary in a broad range of industrial and technological applications Examples of such applications include electronic packaging, integrated circuits and high-performance...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 21:51

... recognized as ″foreign″ and are generally rapidly covered by plasma proteins known to function as opsonins, which facilitate phagocytosis Chapter 2.1.3 Tumor Targeting In general, three destinations ... recent years, a small peptide-cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) has been widely utilized in angiogenesis targeting Angiogenesis, a term describing the process of new blood vessel formation, is an essential ... Chapter macromolecules are drained into lymphatics and brought back to central circulation But tumors generally lack functional lymphatic drainage Therefore, extravasated fluid and macromolecules are...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 08:20

... LIMs xiii LIST OF TABLES Chapter Table 3.1 Samples of paclitaxel-loaded microspheres Chapter Table 5.1 Samples of HSA-loaded microspheres Table 5.2 Samples of LIMs xiv Chapter Literature Review ... spectroscopy, are introduced below as examples UV-Vis spectrophotometer utilizes the absorption of ultraviolet or visible lights by a sample to determine the sample concentration Lambert-Beer’s Law ... property of a sample, which is related to an imposed temperature alteration [Brown, 1998] All thermal analysis instruments have features in common: a sample, contained in a suitable sample pan, is...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2015, 17:20

... increase in generation number and concentration of dendrimers [32] Thus, a balance must be achieved for dendrimers to form large enough nanostructures with low cytotoxicity by controlling its generation ... the interactions between carriers and drugs for example Physical encapsulation of drugs by poly(ester)s micelles has been reported with an example being PEG-poly(ε-caprolactone) to encapsulate ... sorafenib concentration in tissues………………… … 167 vi Summary Nanosized micelles self-assembled from amphiphilic block copolymers are compelling drug carriers for anticancer therapy There are three...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2015, 06:07

... for h After this, the samples were rinsed in distilled water and then dehydrated using a graded ethanol series; 25, 50, 75, 100 and another 100% each for 10 Then the samples were rinsed in water, ... suspension with hematocrite adjusted at 45% were classified into groups where each group contains samples: in group one the erythrocytes exposed neither pravastatin nor primaquine (control group) ... blank and M HCl containing 2% 2,4dinitrophenyl hydrazine After incubation for h at 37°C, protein samples were washed with alcohol and ethyl acetate, and re-precipitated by addition of 10% TCA The...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 11:40

... International (PTI) instrument Excitation of Trp at 295 nm was made with the use of a lamp filled with H2, and sample emission measurements were performed until a maximum of 104 counts was obtained ... interaction of water with the protein; and n is the Hill coefficient which accounts for the system heterogeneity, as described previously [23] Fluorescence decay profiles were obtained using the timecorrelated ... Trp residues, which depended on the quencher location in the RM and on x0 Materials and methods Sample preparation Bovine bLG (AB mixture), chromatographically purified and lyophilized to ‡ 90%...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20

... during the crystallization OA was dissolved in iso-propanol and mixed in this form with a protein sample at a : molar ratio (OA/lipase) After a 1-h incubation, the resulting precipitate was removed ... the previously published values [22] However, it is worth noting that cisPnA cannot be used as a general fluorescent probe to evaluate the CMC of synthetic detergents such as Tween 20, Chaps, and ... the interactions between molecule A and B, and are almost free from intermolecular contacts For example, the W89 in molecule ˚ A is  A from its nearest crystal lattice neighbour (F211) ˚ and ...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 23:20

... particular sample preparation by microtome cutting of ultrathin sections of only about 70 nm thickness is very labor intensive Further, TEM only allows investigation of a very small area of a sample, ... of a sample, problematic if the material is inhomogeneous Ideally, a number of TEM specimens should be prepared from different sections of a sample to give a more complete picture of the overall ... linear methylpolysiloxanes and paraffin hydrocarbons Then, during the years 1960–1970 many other examples of hybrid silicones were described, particularly silphenylene-siloxanes that are hybrid silicones...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 16:28

... designed to combine the advantages typical for homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions This strict borderline between heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions is gradually fading away with continuing ... Covalently Bound to the Amphiphilic Block Copolymer 286 Phosphine-Functionalized Amphiphiles for Rhodium-Catalyzed Hydrogenation 286 Triphenylphosphine-Functionalized Amphiphiles for Rhodium-Catalyzed ... of Methyl Methacrylate in the Presence of an Amphiphilic, Polymeric Macroligand 291 Amphiphilic Polymers Forming Micelle Analogous Structures 294 Amphiphilic Star Polymers with a Hyperbranched...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2014, 12:15

... Pluronic/TPGS mixed micelles for solubilization of camptothecin Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008, 64:194 26 Jones M, Leroux J: Polymeric micelles - a new generation of colloidal drug carriers Eur J ... mixture was filtered through a 0.45-μm filter (Millex-GV, Millipore, USA) to obtain a clear and homogeneous micelle solution The propofol-loaded mixed micelles were prepared by mixing propofol and ... Then the resultant mixture was incubated at 4°C for 30 and filtered The filtrate was filled into ampoules and sealed under nitrogen Particle size measurement Materials and methods Materials Propofol...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 04:20

... Electron Microscopy (Cryo-TEM) In this experiment, all the samples were diluted with distilled water about five times For Cryo-TEM, ll of sample were applied onto a perforated carbon film grid (R1.2/1.3 ... set of experiments, 50 mg of sample was well distributed on the hairless abdominal skin area of approximately 3.14 cm2 At a fixed time after application, surplus sample was removed from the skin ... calorimetry (DSC) was measured on a DSC Q2000 apparatus (TA Instruments, USA) About 10 mg of each sample was sealed in a 40-ll aluminium pan Heating was performed from -60°C to 60°C at a heating...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 17:20

... dimethylformamide (0.02 g/mL) was irradiated at a distance of about cm for h with a 300 W mercury UV lamp having a maximum emission wavelength at 365 nm The crosslinked polystyrene grafted silica nanoparticles ... technique was adopted to prepare Nanoscale Res Lett (2009) 4:773–777 775 120 Transmittance(%) the sample for recording the IR spectra Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed with a Perkin-Elmer ... characterized with a JEM-1200 EX/S transmission electron microscope (TEM) (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan) The samples were dispersed in toluene (PS-SNs) and dimethylformamide (CPNs) in an ultrasonic bath for...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... encapsulated magnetic silica nanoparticles (SMNPs) showed efficient cellular uptake [14] and obvious generation of singlet oxygen in vitro [15, 16], which indicated the potential of SMNPs as targeting ... microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy The generation of singlet oxygen was monitored by RNO bleaching assay, and the photodynamic efficacy ... 10-6, 7.65 10-6, 1.02 10-5 mol L-1) were mixed with 0.1 mL concentrated HCl and 2.9 mL ethanol The samples were measured at 409 nm wavelength Each experiment was repeated three times Detection of...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 01:20

... may be fabricated through supramolecular assemblies (SMA) of low molecular amphiphiles and block copolymers [20, 21] The amphiphiles can be physically bonded to homopolymers and block copolymers ... additional complicated apparatus, and now it has turn out to be a very simple while robust approach to generate almost defect-free microphase separation structures in BCP thin films [11–13] Even more, ... solvent methanol results in a nanoporous thin films The channels can be filled with metal, for example, nickel, by electrochemical deposition to fabricate an array of ordered metal nanodots or...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 01:20

... hemicelluloses occurs Hydronium ions generated by water autoionization are thought to act as catalysts in the initial reaction stages In further reaction stages, the hydronium ions generated from acetic acid ... whereas the hardness perpendicular to the grain is slightly increased (5%) after heat treatment In general, the variation of the results of the different strength tests was increased after heat treatment ... Brinell hardness an iron bullet (diameter 10 mm) was used, which was pressed on a defect free sample for 30 s with a force of 500 N After testing the imprint was measured and the Brinell hardness...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:21

... (VEVDMs) For TEM, the sample of VEVDMs suspension in water milli-Q was dropped onto formvarcoated grids without being negatively stained Measurements were taken only after the sample was completely ... myelosuppression and cardiac failure [28,29] Hence, the aim of this work was to use a δ-valerolactone based amphiphilic block copolymer to develop a novel micellar controlled delivery system for DOX and analysis ... opening polymerization technique using stannous octoate was implemented to synthesize triblock amphiphilic copolymer of δ-valerolactone using PEG2000 The chemical structure of obtained VEV copolymer...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:20