... pattern for305Transparent combination of rule-based and data-driven approaches in a speechunderstanding architecture Manny Rayner and Beth Ann HockeyRIACS, Mail Stop T2 7A- 2NASA Ames Research ... Semantic analysis as classificationThis section describes an abstract architecture which characterises semantic analysis as a taskslightly extending the "decision-list" classificationalgorithm ... which are within grammar cov-erage. There is not a great deal of training dataavailable, and the statistical methods used are sim-ple and unsophisticated. However, we still get a significant...
... Service-Oriented Architecture []agent including features such as its implementationlanguage, process structure, and even database struc-ture are deliberately abstracted away in the SOA. Byusing the SOA ... there's a greater opportunity toleverage fragmented applications and processes andreuse them again and again across the enterprise. For example, if one application in the marketing depart-ment ... elimination of redundancy andbreaking silos, SOAs should bring increased opera-tional simplicity allowing dialing cost increases to a sus-tainable rate. The elimination of redundancy and a 15%...
... glottalization is usually associated with fragments, not all fragments are glottalized. In our database, 62% of fragments are not glottalized, and 9% of glottalized reparanda offsets are ... initially repaired utterance 'What airport is located' is itself repaired, with the reparadum again delimited by a single prosodic phrase, 'What is the name of the airport located ... these cases as repairs, as well as to distinguish them from nonfrag- ment repairs. Thus, pausal duration may serve as a general acoustic cue for repair detection, particularly for the class...
... cryptographic mechanisms. SPBs shall carry an RSA private key [8] and a matching digital certificate stating their role, as to allow authentication by a Security Manager or another SPB. After ... Filmförderungsanstalt. Marktdaten - Kinosaalbestand 2005 bis 2009. http://www.ffa.de/start/download.php?file=marktdaten/1_Fuenf_Jahre_Blick/04bis09_jahresabschluss.pdf. [3] European Audiovisual Observatory. ... on a certification asserting their security. Since CAs are trusted by default, a hypothetical attacker could forge a player certificate and certificate chain and send them both to a KDM creating...
... SearchAndrei Popescu-Belis, Majid Yazdani, Alexandre Nanchen, and Philip N. GarnerIdiap Research InstituteRue Marconi 19, CP 5921920 Martigny, Switzerland{apbelis,myazdani,ananchen,pgarner}@idiap.chAbstractThe ... CommunicationAssociation), pages 2119–2122, Brighton, UK.Masataka Goto, Koji Kitayama, Katsunobu Itou, and Tet-sunori Kobayashi. 2004. Speech Spotter: On-demand speech recognition in human-human ... Hain, AsmaaEl Hannani, Martin Karafiat, Danil Korchagin, MikeLincoln, Vincent Wan, and Le Zhang. 2009. Real-time ASR from meetings. In Interspeech 2009 (10thAnnual Conference of the Intl. Speech...
... Content-Based Multimedia In-formation Access Conf., apr.J. Kupiec, D. Kimber, and V. Balasubramanian. 1994. Speech- based retrieval using semantic co-occurrencefiltering. In Proc. ARPA Human Lang. ... Australia has rain forests?it answered correctly, but the transcription What cityin Australia has rainforests (without a space), got noanswers. Another example: Q35 Who won the No-bel Peace Prize ... Computational LinguisticsSaarland UniversitySaarbr¨ucken, Germanyzheng@coli.uni-sb.deAbstract Speech interfaces to question-answeringsystems offer significant potentialfor find-ing information...
... cryptograph-ically strong identifier, as in HIP, may be preferable for securityreasons.FARA[8] is a meta -architecture that actual network architecturescould “instantiate.” In FARA, the basic ... [59], and Open NetworkHandles [37] take an entirely different approach: they advocate a single new flat namespace that can serve all present and future net-work elements. A flat namespace has no ... I. Castineyra, N. Chiappa, and M. Steenstrup. The Nimrodrouting architecture, August 1996. RFC 1992.[8] D. Clark, R. Braden, A. Falk, and V. Pingali. FARA:Reorganizing the addressing architecture. ...
... messages about Re: Comments about the draft. The first message is from Matti Hahtomaa, the second from Jaana Jaakkola, the third from Sakari Rantala. If you want to select a message, say for ... lines. U: Read Sakari Rantala's message. S: Third message, from Sakari Rantala, about Re: Comments about the draft. [reads the message] Message read. You are in the first message group. ... hear the message, say "read". You can have additional information about the message by saying "tell me more". U: Second message. S: Second message, from Jaana Jaakkola,...
... from the semanticanalysis based on the real speech recognition re-396matically.The utterance “that” can also represent ananaphora, and is analyzed in both ways, asanaphora and as gesture ... lexicon and the concept database are based onour experimental data of situated communication(see section 3) and also on data of a home-tourscenario with a real robot. This data has been an-notated ... XML-databases. As the speech understanding module starts, it first readsthese databases and converts them into internaldata-structures stored in a fast accessible hash ta-ble. As soon as the...
... based on smallscale functionally-motivated units.3 OASYSOASYS (Objects and Arrows SYStem) is a soft-ware library which provides:an implementation of the RAGS Object andArrows (O /A) data ... needs to have access to at least rhetorical anddocument information as well as referencing andadding to the syntactic information.To accommodate this, the RAGS data model in-cludes a more concrete ... typed ‘arrows’. Thislingua franca allows NLG modules to manipulatedata flexibly and consistently. It also facilitatesmodular design of NLG systems, and reusabilityof modules and data sets....
... has in addition the information in which case frame it can appear. 87 For example: coach coach.l.l: .'railway carriage" CLAS~ TRAnsport, LOCation coach.l.2: "privat tutor, ... several different contexts and that too many combinations have to be checked. So the dictionary is organized in a way that all acrants of all frames with the same serrantic restriction and ... the semantic module with additional syntactic knowledge. The analysis is based on the valency and case theory. All verbs, but also some nouns and adjectives are associated with case frames which...
... Software Architecture Description Languages for Modeling and Analysis of Federates and Federation Architectures [11] Ahmad Waqas Kamal, Paris Avgeriou - An Evaluation of ADLs on Modeling Patterns ... back as an ADL interchange language but has evolved to an ADL itself. ACME has advantages of general notation, readable by both human and machine, and a strong support of ACME Studio – an well ... facilitated by a formal representation of the architecture, such as with an ADL. A formal architecture representation is more likely to be maintained and followed than an informal one, can more readily...