a rational model of eye

... domain of incremental language compre- hension, especially, there is a substantial amount of computational work suggesting that humans be- have rationally (e.g., Jurafsky, 1996; Narayanan & Jurafsky, ... values of α and β , which go up (slower reading) as γ goes down (valuing accuracy more than time). In addition, we see that the average results of reading at these parameter values are also as ... previous models of reading related to the goals of a reader, such as how should reading be- havior change as accuracy is valued more. There are a number of obvious ways for the model to move forward....

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

... (MM-siRNA) (5’-GGCGUGUCUCUCU UACGAC-3”). SiRNAs targeting the cDNA sequence of rat TLR4 (GenBank accession NM_019178) were: 5’-CUACCAACAGAGAGGAUAU-3” (siRNA1), 5’-GUCUCAGAUAUCUAGAUCU-3’ (siRNA2), ... hyperalgesia The paw withdrawal latency (PWL) to radiant heat and paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) were used to evaluate thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical al- lodynia respectively as previously ... Sweden). Histone3 (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA, 1:500) was used as an internal control. Statistical analyses Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Statistical analyses were performed...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 11:48

... cellular model of Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis Tiziana Alberio 1 , Alessandra Maria Bossi 2 , Alberto Milli 2 , Elisa Parma 1 , Marzia Bruna Gariboldi 1 , Giovanna Tosi 3 , Leonardo Lopiano 4 and ... biochemical alterations associated with the interplay of cytosolic dopamine and increased a- synuc- lein are still unclear. Catecholaminergic SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells are a suitable model ... kinase, 60S acidic ribosomal protein P2 (RPLP2), eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF 5A) , parathymosin, L7 ⁄L12, annexin A2 , annexin A5 , aldolase A, fascin 1 and peroxyredoxin 1] displayed quantitative...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 01:20

... Systems Modelling Data- base and can be accessed at http://jjj.biochem.sun.ac.za/ database/curien/index.html free of charge. Materials and methods Chemicals ATP, Hepes, homoserine, NADH, AdoMet, lactate ... can be calculated as follows: ELISA assays were carried out using rabbit antibodies raised against the recombinant proteins [12,14] and purified proteins as standards. We measured that an extract ... environment of the Phser branch-point in Arabidopsis leaf chloroplast. R J I ¼ a means that a 1% change in I around a given value promotes an a percent change in flux J. A negative value means that input...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 02:21

... tagging and sta- tistical parsing, this can be at least partly explained by the fact that humans vary widely in how many of their opportunities for placing a backchannel continuer they actually ... Interaction and Grammar, chapter 3. CUP, Cambridge. J. Hirasawa, M. Nakano, T. Kawabata, and K. Aikawa. 1999. Effects of system barge-in responses on user impressions. In Sixth European Conference ... Tutiya, A. Ichikawa, and Y. Den. 1998. An analysis of turn-taking and backchannels. lan- guage and Speech, 23:296-321. S. Lamia, G. Bugmann, T. Kyriacou, J. Bos, and E. Klein. 2001. Training...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20

... hierarchical structure of vari- ous datasets (Hofmann, 1999; Blei et al., 2010; Li et al., 2007). Our purpose here is more specialized and similar to that of Labeled LDA (Ramage et al., 200 9a) ... Reisinger and Marius Pa¸sca. 2009. Latent vari- able models of concept-attribute attachment. In ACL- IJCNLP ’09: Proceedings of the Joint Conference of the 47th Annual Meeting of the ACL and the ... Computational linguistics, pages 495–501. Daniel Ramage, David Hall, Ramesh Nallapati, and Christopher D. Manning. 200 9a. Labeled lda: A supervised topic model for credit attribution in multi- labeled corpora. In...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... M. Sato, M. Nakagawa and N. Makoshi. 2004. Tele-Synopsis for Biblical Research: Development of NLP based Synoptic Software for Text Analysis as a Mediator of Educational Technology and Knowledge ... linguistic and literary-critical approaches to text-reuse analysis, and can be especially help- ful when dealing with a large amount of candidate source texts. Acknowledgements This work grew out of a ... alternation patterns. These features were val- idated on the Lukan Passion Narrative, an instance of text reuse in the Greek New Testament. The model s predictions on this passage are com- pared...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21

... background information it could take advantage of. The reason is that too many queries makes the pro- gram loses its appeal as a work-saving device. A related limitation is that its model of ... edges can be traversed (although hey are 1023 A Computational Model of Social Perlocutions David Pautler and Alex Quilici University of Hawaii at Manoa Department of Electrical Engineering ... that are capable of generating socially appropriate text. This paper provides a computational model of aocial perlocutionJ, and it describes how this model has been used to construct an automated...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:21

... (healthily) nominal - adnominal keiko no (Keiko-GEN), g~nki na (healthy) verbal - adverbial waratte (laugh-and), amaku (sweetly) verbal - adnominal warau (that laughs), amakatta (that was sweet) ... Tonology. Kaitakusha, Tokyo. Kaplan, Ronald and Joan Bresnan (1982) Lexical Functional Grammar: A Formal System for Grammatical Representation. in The Mental Representation of Grammatical Relations, ... argue instead for the theory assumed here, and a preliminary treatment is presented. A CATEGORIAL UNIFICATION APPROACH TO JAPANESE I will identify the fundamental unit of Japanese syntax...

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 01:20

... demographics. Focusing on the IV estimates, it can be seen that the birth weight of babies in rural areas is lower than that of urban babies, and that male infants are heavier than female infants. 5 ... complementarity of tetanus vaccination with prenatal care inputs that enhance birth weight. Dow et al. (1999) ague that a mother’s consumption of tetanus vaccination increases survival chances of ... 1997; Victora et al., 2008). Thus, birth weight is not merely a measure of health of an infant, but is also an indicator of the infant’s potential for survival both as a child, and as an adult....

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 09:20

... stability of the SU-2MR chains ex- ceeds those of ES-2MR chains and also rings as n >8.It is indicated that ES-2MR chains would be more favora- ble in the initial stage of the silica nanoparticle ... silica-w at high temperature [15], but also in Si–O-plasma reactions [16] as well as in the condensa- tion of vicinal hydroxyls or the thermodynamic rear- rangement of the pure silica structure at ... SU-2MR chain at n = 12, respec- tively. The energy gap is a signature of the chemical re- activity of a system. Compared to the ES-2MR chains, the relatively smaller gaps of SU-2MR chains indicate higher...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:03

... reconstruction'~ that'is, an attempt to present a slightly cleaner, more general method, based on Davey's ideas and performing the same specific task as Proteus. Paradoxically, this cleaning ... attaches to each move a tag indicating its overall tactical relationship to the preceding moves. This is a gross summary of some of the tactical information provided by the annotator, and ... had just taken, you would have threatened me, but you took the one adjacent to the square which I had just taken. The game hasn't finished yet. As well as heuristics for actually playing...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:21

... non-empty utterances. 4CALLHOME transcribers separated utterances at a ~e aker change or a long pause, or if the semantics or syntax of language indicated the end of an utterance. from a centering ... Comparison of three alternative centering models for dialog 5.1 Empty Cb's Each of our models leaves at least 52% of non- empty utterances with no prediction of the Cb (Cfn-1 and Cfn are ... compared their results and agreed upon a reconciled version of the data, which was used to produce the results reported in Section 5. Annotator accuracy as measured against the reconciled data...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20

... katakana katakana-kanji kanji-hiragana hiragana kanji-katakana kat akana-symbol-katakana number kanji-hiragana-kanji alphabet kanji-hir agana-kanji-hir agana hiragana-kanji percent 45.1% ... using a Statistical Model of Morphology and Context Masaaki NAGATA NTT Cyber Space Laboratories 1-1 Hikari-no-oka Yokosuka-Shi Kanagawa, 239-0847 Japan nagata@nttnly, isl. ntt. co. jp Abstract ... science. Kanji words are shorter than katakana words because kanji is based on a large (> 6,000) alphabet of ideograms while katakana is based on a small (< 100) alphabet of phonograms. Table...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20

... produce an average V-value for that cut size. The left-hand graph in Figure 1 shows a plot of the average V- values for each state against a cut. The state w ith the plusses is the positive final state, ... for- mat. Each of the dialogues has been manually au- thored in advance meaning that the system has a response based on the correctness of the student’s last answer. Once the student has successfully ... complexity of tasks that spoken dialogue systems are trying to handle, Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been increasingly used as a way of au- tomatically learning the best policy for a system to make....

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 03:20

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Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 17:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 17:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 20:20