7 examples of atmospheric optical remote sensing

... of bistatic systems FIGURE 7. 5 The Metek MERASS © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 3588_C0 07. indd 205 11/20/ 07 4:16:52 PM 206 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing RADAR transmitter FIGURE 7. 6 ... transmitter and receiver on an Atmospheric Research Pty Ltd RASS © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 3588_C0 07. indd 2 07 11/20/ 07 4:16:55 PM 208 7. 9.1 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing RANGE The maximum ... during this part of the sounding 22. 07. 02 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Sodargram of 10´-Average of the Pot RASS Temperature (PRT) FIGURE 7. 13 25 °C A typical...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... -3.52 2.4 -4 .72 -25.48 -22.50 85 .73 -46.04 - 87. 70 -1.99 -100.00 -53. 17 141.18 -9.85 Change rate (%km2/year) -5.10 -4.50 17. 15 -9.21 - 17. 54 -0.40 0.00 -20.00 0.00 -10.63 28.24 12 -1. 97 Cheng detection ... Wet paddy 77 02 481.38 4.81 0.69 Disturbed > Irrigation paddy 5883 3 67. 69 3.68 0.53 10 Field crop > Irrigation paddy 476 29 .75 0.30 0.04 11 Wet paddy > Irrigation paddy 5398 3 37. 38 3. 37 0.48 12 ... 26 27 164.19 1.64 0.24 13 Wet paddy > Reservoir 1941 121.31 1.21 0. 17 14 Evergreen Forest > Bare land 32 97 206.06 2.06 0.30 15 Disturbed > Bare land 20361 1, 272 .56 12 .73 1.83 16 No changes 72 678 6...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 11:20

... 37 v © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 3588.indb 11/ 27/ 07 4: 07: 09 PM vi Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing 3 .7 Scattering 39 3 .7. 1 Scattering from Turbulence 39 3 .7. 2 ... 1 97 7.1 7. 2 7. 3 7. 4 RADAR Fundamentals 1 97 Reflection of RADAR Signals from Sound Waves 198 Estimation of Measured Height 201 Deduction of Temperature 202 7. 4.1 ... 3588_Color_Insert.indd 11/26/ 07 1:41: 07 PM Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing FIGURE 8.6  Plots of time variations measured by the four SODARs of the C T fleld FIGURE 8 .7 Matrix of covariances between...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... (2 .7) © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 16 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing where LE K m / | sin | depends on Km and on the Coriolis effect through the angular velocity of rotation of ... Again, both profiles are closely approximated by a log–linear profile 2.8 2 PROFILES OF C T AND CV 2 Measurements of profiles of both C T and CV are not common Table 2.1 gives data from Moulsley ... represents a force per unit area or a stress The product of force and velocity is a rate of doing work or a rate of change of energy In the case of 1000 800 600 400 200 0 10 20 30 40 FIGURE 2.4 The...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 3588_C003.indd 29 11/20/ 07 4: 37: 29 PM 30 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing Because of the wide dynamic response of the human ear, it is common to use a logarithmic ... Group, LLC 3588_C003.indd 37 11/20/ 07 4:38:00 PM 38 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing λ u uTD c cTD FIGURE 3 .7 A turbulent patch moving with speed u in the direction of sound propagation The ... as genuine atmospheric reflections (known as “clutter” or “fixed echoes”) z0 © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 3588_C003.indd 35 11/20/ 07 4: 37: 53 PM 36 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing z...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... middle of the height range © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 3588_C004.indd 71 11/20/ 07 4:58:09 PM 72 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing rR z rT R T R T R T D FIGURE 4.21 The geometry of bistatic ... 3588_C004.indd 73 11/20/ 07 4:58:14 PM 74 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing dB 70 200 180 60 160 140 50 Height (m) 120 40 100 30 80 60 20 40 10 20 –100 –80 –60 –40 –20 20 x(m) 40 60 80 100 dB 70 200 ... ct s V sin c or © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 3588_C004.indd 77 11/20/ 07 4:58:26 PM 78 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing ctr ct s V sin c ctr* ct s* V sin c Similarly * , but z cos...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... Group, LLC 3588_C005.indd 1 47 11/20/ 07 4:25:02 PM 148 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing Probability of Speed Lying in a m/s Interval m100 m40 8.1 / 2.44 9 .7 / 2.34 0 .7 0.14 0.12 0.1 0.08 0.06 ... 0.0012 0.00 17 0.0014 0.949 6580 1.013 0.9 47 6555 0.984 0.945 6281 0. 978 0.908 5453 0.961 0.935 4 676 0.942 0. 971 0.966 0.949 0.930 0.0008 0.0008 0.0009 0.0010 0.0013 0.982 0.982 0. 979 0. 977 0.965 ... 3588_C005.indd 113 11/20/ 07 4:22:51 PM 114 5.1 .7 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing HOW MUCH POWER SHOULD BE TRANSMITTED? The answer is, of course, as much as possible within the limitations of the speakers...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... 3588_C006.indd 173 11/20/ 07 4:19:10 PM 174 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing 6.6.2 ESTIMATION OF W In practice reflections are from an ensemble of scatterers which provide a continuum of Doppler ... angle of 20°, the radial velocity component for a horizontal wind of 20 m s–1 will give a © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 3588_C006.indd 171 11/20/ 07 4:19: 07 PM 172 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote ... 3588_C006.indd 1 67 11/20/ 07 4:18:38 PM 168 6.5 Atmospheric Acoustic Remote Sensing PEAK DETECTION METHODS OF AEROVIRONMENT AND METEK The SODAR incorporates signal-processing software to determine...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... vertical scale is height in m 200 dB Scale

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... lack of high-resolution spatial database 26 3.2 Remote sensing as a tool of flooded area delineation 3.2.1 Application of optical remote sensing In the initial stages of satellite remote sensing ... sensing as a tool of flooded area delineation 27 3.2.1 Application of optical remote sensing 27 3.2.2 Application of microwave remote sensing 30 3.2.3 A combined approach ... development of remote sensing as a tool of flood delineation Second, we emphasize the assessment of the intensity of flood hazards and damage Third, we highlight some of the issues in the application of...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2015, 13:41

... 103 .75 27 E 5.0 S2G 2005-06-30, 15:08 1.2 174 N 103 .75 48 E 4 .7 S2H 2005-06-30, 15:25 1.2140 N 103 .75 40 E 3.0 S3A 2005- 07- 29, 15:25 1.2080 N 103 .75 33 E 3.9 S3B 2005- 07- 29, 15:42 1.21 37 N 103 .75 68 ... 103 .75 46 E 5.0 S2B 2005-06-30, 10:45 1.2099 N 103 .75 16 E 5.0 S2C 2005-06-30, 11: 07 1.2050 N 103 .75 36 E 6 .7 S2D 2005-06-30, 11:30 1.1985 N 103 .75 70 E 10.0 S2E 2005-06-30, 14:15 1.20 97 N 103 .75 54 ... 1.2 276 N 103 .74 89 E 2.5 H1C 2005-10-18, 10:53 1.2236 N 103 .75 08 E 1.9 H1D 2005-10-18, 10:53 1.2244 N 103 .74 66 E 2 .7 H1E 2005-10-18, 11:30 1.2231 N 103 .74 98 E 3.5 H2A 2006-03-10, 10: 37 1.22 47 N...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 16:05

... Succession age [cm] 10 11 I (0.00–1.00) 2 476 00 46880 8533 200 10 0 78 160 277 33 1260 450 70 10 20 III (2.0–3.00) 206 67 1 670 490 70 10 10 IV (3.00–4.00) 6800 174 0 480 60 50 V (4.00–5.00) 2400 1340 ... 1060 670 100 60 50 II (1.00–2.00) VII (6.00 7. 00) 800 71 0 680 230 120 120 VIII (7. 00–8.00) 400 680 470 230 230 70 IX (8.00–9.00) 2 67 380 410 250 180 140 X (9.00–10.00) 400 380 210 170 170 XI ... numbers of trees in DBH classes during succession 6360 3110 274 0 2490 116 Biomass and Remote Sensing of Biomass Fig The development of the stand mean diameter at breast height [cm] during 11 years of...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 12:20

... Press = ( ) TF 171 0_book.fm Page 214 Thursday, September 30, 2004 1:43 PM 214 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment and the function (see Equations (4 .78 ) and (4 .79 )): ∞ A(s) = ... q2  0 ν (7. 29) TF 171 0_book.fm Page 218 Thursday, September 30, 2004 1:43 PM 218 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment In this case, we can neglect the role of small-scale ... September 30, 2004 1:43 PM 216 Radio Propagation and Remote Sensing of the Environment k ∂ ΓU  ∂ ΓU  k + + W H z,s = ∂z  ∂s    ( ) (7. 21) instead of Equation (1.128), represented here, for short,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 21:21

... Some Pre-Analysis Techniques of Remote Sensing Images for Land-Use in Mekong Delta Remote sensing is the science and art of collecting data by technical means on an object ... status of land use changes very strongly The fast identification of landuse areas will be helpful in making plans of management and exploitation of land This issue may be carried out by remote sensing ... Maps of status of landuse Figure 6: Diagram of the steps to identify landuse status from remote sensing images region (4/2001) There were some errors in the results For example, a large area of...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 06:16

... high resolution remote sensing imagery III Application of remote sensing technology in forestry sector of Vietnam: Past and present 3.1 In the past 1960s – 1 970 s: application of aerial photographs ... regions, difficult to access; Forest cover changes 50 80 45 70 33,8 34,3 35,8 40 36 ,7 37 32,1 60 30 27, 2 35 30 28,2 25 50 20 40 15 10 30 20 1943 1 976 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2002 2003 2005 Population ... level UNDP-FAO VIE 79 /014 project to strengthening cpacity for forest inventory including application of remote sesing imagery; 1991 – 1995: conducted 1st cycle of NFI with the use of Landsat TM to...

Ngày tải lên: 24/01/2014, 03:20

... UK EC 15 SO2 Kilotonnes 39 99 55 110 375 520 523 42 475 50 160 74 6 67 585 3850 NOx Kilotonnes 103 176 1 27 170 810 1051 344 65 990 11 260 250 8 47 148 11 67 6519 VOC Kilotonnes 159 139 85 130 1050 ... will make the best use of the satellite remote- sensing potential, as well as of the synergy with ground-based observations The following examples of using satellite remote sensing as a stand-alone ... quality and emissions, based on greater use of remote sensing • Have recommendations for the next policy cycle on the use of remote sensing through development of appropriate provisions and new concepts,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 10:20

... 33 .7 36.3 32.6 36 .7 31.6 33.1 27. 7 32.2 23.1 27. 1 20.3 24.9 Mean 35.0 34.6 32.3 29.9 25.1 22.6 1/25/1998 Min Max 40.0 43.5 34.5 39.3 33 .7 38.8 33.4 37. 7 25.6 30.8 24 .7 28.4 23.9 29.8 Mean 41 .7 ... Mexico with ASTER emissivities, Remote Sensing of Environment 112 (2008) 173 0 [6] R.P Gupta, Remote sensing geology, SpringerVerlag Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 1991 [7] B.L Markham, J.L Barkewr, ... 33.9 41.9 28.3 34.2 28.4 29 .7 26.8 33.5 Mean 47. 2 39.4 36.6 37. 9 31.2 29.1 30.1 166 T.T. Van, H.D.X. Bao / VNU Journal of Science, Earth Sciences 24 (2008) 160‐1 67     4.4 Urban environment management...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 16:20

... 6,045.48  6 87. 96  84.15  892.26  12,860 .73   12,860 .73   Agricultural land  393.93  52, 577 . 37 2,200.86  1,550.52  17, 276 .22  73 ,998.90  74 ,060.10  Water  98.82  1,556.01  5,2 97. 04  18.99  982.62  7, 953.48  ... 209, 376 .00  31,196.34  100,366. 37 34,6 57. 58  34,153.02  9,002.96  2000 (ha)  209,502.00  38, 571 . 07 97, 2 47. 78  33, 472 .15  34,011.29  6,199.54  2005 (ha)  209,554.00  50,523 .72   89,659.21  33,8 57. 86  ... 982.62  7, 953.48  7, 963.02    Urban  Urban  Agricultural  Land  Bare land  851 .76   23,065.65  351.45  1,120.59  3, 378 .15  28 ,76 7.60  28 ,76 7 .78   Shrub / grass land  81.63  8,661. 87 310.23  69.30 ...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 15:20

... 2.3 Classification of satellite images 14 2.3.1 Choice of Remote Sensing data 15 2.3.2 Preparation of Remote Sensing data 16 2.3.3 Object- versus pixel-based classification 17 2.4 Input data used ... the north of Laos around Luang Namtha displayed with NBCA’s 76 Image 17: Percentage of areas suitable for rubber within NBCA’s according to crop requirements 77 Image 18: Percentage of areas suitable ... within the context of research projects of the Centre for Development and Environment (CDE) at the Institute of Geography of the University of Berne The CDE is the executive agency of the NCCR North-South...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 11:20

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 15:20