... functions of a miRNA should depend on the combination of its action to each of all its targets for their expression Theoretically, the tissues with low level of the expression of the targets of a ... level of the miRNA targets A RR value more than one suggests that the expression level of the targets of a miRNA in a tissue is most likely to be lower than the median expression level of the targets ... level of expression of the miRNA’s targets across all the tissues If the RR value of a miRNA is greater in a particular tissue than that in any others, the expression level of the targets of this...
... chance of finding bona fide targets 1.4.2 Experimental validation ofmicroRNA targets While the methods used in section 1.4.1 could potentially provide a comprehensive list of potential microRNA targets, ... Immunopurification of Ago1 miRNPs selects for a distinct class ofmicroRNA targets PNAS 106 (35) 15085–15090 (2009) ( * equal contribution) XII Chapter Introduction 1.1 The discovery of animal microRNAs microRNAs ... more than 80% of microRNA- mediated target repression is due to mRNA degradation as shown by polysomal profiling (Guo et al., 2010a) Therefore, for most of cases, the mRNA levels of a target could...
... seemed that the lower the temperature of RFA was, the larger the tumor volume was (Fig 3) Effects of low temperature of RFA at the targetsites on lung metastasis of hepatic VX2 carcinoma We examined ... (Fig 8) Measurement of tumor growth and metastasis after reinoculation To demonstrate further the role of low temperature of RFA at the targetsites in the rapid progression of residual hepatic ... multistep process of tumor metastasis Invasion of malignant tumor cells requires destruction of basement membranes and proteolysis of extracellular matrix (ECM) Of the several families of ECM-degrading...
... identification of mammalian microRNA targets have shown that approximately 7% of the targetsites are non-canonical [6,7] confirming that non-canonical sites account for an appreciable part of microRNA- mediated ... score targetsites and not as hard filter, which leads to a substantial loss of bona fide targets A unified scoring model for microRNAtargetsites Interpreting mirSVR scores in terms of downregulation ... comparison the lysate defines the complement of gene targets of the endogenously expressed microRNAs The microRNA profile in HEK293 cells includes a number of microRNAs which can be grouped by their...
... plans Preparation Process of the National Target Program 2.2 Evaluation of CC Impacts 2.2.1 Assessment of CC Features and Climate Variability in Vietnam 1) 2) 3) Development of Methodology for CC/Variability ... Identification of National Targets for CC Adaptation 2.3.1 Targets for Improvement of State Administration Instruments, Administrative Reform, Policy Amendment, and Capacity Enhancement of the State ... should be rationale to the needs of social economic development of the country 2.5 Identification of Priority Activities 2.5.1 Identification of a Portfolio of Priority Activities/Projects to...
... The mass spectrometry of radioactive peptides showed the presence of a doubly charged phosphopeptide of mass 974.0 and a singly charged phosphopeptide of mass 1946.3 both of which correspond only ... is the kinase Fig Summary of phosphorylation sites on recombinant syntaxin-1A The figure shows the sitesof phosphorylation by CKIa (Thr21) and CKII (Ser14) The masses of the major peptides, in ... (absorbance at 210 nm) with positions of 32 P-labelled tryptic peptides of syntaxin-1A (1–190) phosphorylated by CKIa A C-terminal truncated construct of mutant of syntaxin-1A containing residues...
... DNA-binding activity of Mhr1 in the absence of Mg2+, because the DNAbinding activities of other HP proteins are often increased by the addition of Mg2+ in vitro [31,32] In the presence of 10 mm EDTA, ... changes of Mhr1 after ssDNA binding (A) Schematic representation of the positions of the Trp residues in Mhr1 (B) Emission spectra of wild-type Mhr1 (0.5 lM) with varying concentrations of the ... ssDNA (µM) 1441 DNA-binding sitesof Mhr1 T Masuda et al protein; Fig 1C) These results imply that the environment of some of the Trp residues changed after the binding of Mhr1 to the 74-mer ssDNA...
... 2010 FEBS 3791 Crystal structure of Staphylococcus aureus EF-G A Y Chen et al B C 38 Å Fig Conformational space of EF-G on and off the ribosome (A) Superposition of S aureus EF-G with the ribosome-bound ... I and II The arrow indicates the direction of projection to the circle in (C) (B) As (A), view 90° away (C) Comparison of the positions of the tip of domain IV in all available EF-G structures ... structures were superimposed on the basis of domains I and II Looking from the direction of the arrow in (A) and (B), the coordinates of His572 at the tip of domain IV are roughly in one plane,...
... FEBS A Schlosser et al Tyrosine-phosphorylation of emerin Fig Identification of emerin and of tyrosine-phosphorylation sites (A) MS ⁄ MS spectrum of the mouse-emerin peptide DYNDD-pY-YEESYLTTK ... pervanadate treatment of HeLa cells (20 large dishes) grown in the presence of the heavy amino acids 13C6-arginine and 13C6-lysine created a state of hyperphosphorylation of all cellular proteins ... comparison of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins Table Phosphorylation sitesof mouse and of human emerin Phosphorylation site Number of phosphorylated residues Peptide sequence Residues S-72 or Y-75...
... Effect of OPTICS cut-off level Increasing the cutoff level decreases the quality of clustering, and also the number of binding sites marked as ‘noise’ The application of an extremely high cut-off ... clustering of protein binding sites the silhouette of object i is defined as (bi – ai) ⁄ max(ai, bi), where is the average distance of object i to the points of its cluster, and bi is the minimum of the ... normalization Insertion of ‘-’ to the end of the sequence: Insertion of ‘-’ between the first and last binding amino acids of the sequence: gp l Insertion of a one-letter code of a binding amino acid:...
... oftarget genes by binding to target genes (Fig 1F) First, imaging of the generation of pri-miRNA revealed that the 5¢ upstream region of genomic miRNA controls the long primary transcripts of ... Reporter-gene frame imaging of miRNA targets The 3¢-UTR of an miRNA target containing the seed region of miRNA can be isolated and transferred into a downstream region of the reporter gene that ... One limitation of the 3¢-UTR-based reporter gene system for imaging endogenous targets of miRNA was focused on the targets containing the seed region, which resulted in exclusion of targets regulated...
... T.V (2001) Coupling of proteolysis and hydrolysis of ATP upon functioning of Lon proteinase of Escherichia coli II Hydrolysis of ATP and activity of peptide hydrolase sitesof the enzyme Bioorgan ... prompted a reanalysis of the active sitesof this family of proteases The alignment of the proteolytic domains derived from the sequences of > 100 Lon proteases from a variety of sources provided ... Biochem 271) Ser679, the catalytic site of E coli Lon Experimental verification of the role of different residues led to the preparation of a series of mutants of amino acids in E coli Lon that were...
... conformation of the CaM/C20W complex and a collapsed structure of the CaM/C24W complex [67] The binding of the C20W peptide of the Ca2+-pump CaM-binding domain to only the C-terminal lobe of CaM demonstrates ... radically novel target binding mode and possibly a novel mode oftarget protein activation through dimerization has been revealed with the crystal structure of CaM in complex with a fragment of the Ca2+-activated, ... portion of the K+-channel provides interesting insights into the mechanism of Ca2+ activated gating of the channel and presents a new way of CaM binding domain recognition The structure of the...
... requirements of the funders of the sites and the fidelity requirements of the FBP An example of this is in the area of data collection and reporting The State funded many of the FBP sites, and one of the ... Fidelity Two of the six sites experienced challenges meeting FBP fidelity by the one year mark All the sites admitted to some of the same challenges that these two sites encountered in terms of achieving ... and the other sites began in between Five of the sites are in counties with one primary hospital serving families, while one site is in a multi-hospital setting Only one of the six sites had a...
... gene expression of SREBP targets Results and Discussion Glutamine stimulates the promoter activities of SREBP targets More than 50 years ago, Eagle et al [8] reported the importance of glutamine ... the activation of SREBP Next, we sought to confirm whether glutamine causes an elevation of the endogenous mRNA levels of SREBP targets HepG2 cells were treated with a 10-fold excess of glutamine ... activities of SREBP targets HepG2 cells (A and B) and Caco-2 cells (C) were transfected with 200 ng of the reporter constructs consisting of the indicated gene promoters and 200 ng of pEF-b-Gal...
... Regulation of the expression of components of the exocytotic machinery of insulin-secreting cells by microRNAs Biol Chem 389, 305–312 80 Wang X (2006) Systematic identification ofmicroRNA functions ... numbers oftarget mRNAs Nature 433, 769–773 Lewis BP, Burge CB & Bartel DP (2005) Conserved seed pairing, often flanked by adenosines, indicates that thousands of human genes are microRNA targets ... direct miR-124a target Our work revealed that increasing the level of miR-124a reduced the level of the Foxa2 protein This subsequently decreased the level of Foxa2 downstream target genes, including...
... important base pair involved in specific binding of SYCRP1 that had little effect on the binding of E coli CRP For prediction of binding sitesof SYCRP1 in the genome sequence, the total changes ... binding sites Figure shows the procedure for the DDG-based prediction The binding affinity of SYCRP1 to a fragment of 16 bp is estimated as the sum of the DDG values at each position The window of ... binding, whereby a symmetrical dimer of SYCRP1 binds to the two half sites in a twofold-symmetrical manner Figure shows A a typical example of the distribution of DDGtotal values around genes regulated...
... recognition of annexin I [22] Thus, there are a number of modes of interaction between members of the annexin family and those of the S100 family Although the precise physiological significance of these ... [25] Identification of the in vivo S100A12 target proteins, and characterization of their mode of interaction with S100A12, is essential to determine the exact contribution of the S100A12-dependent ... Ca2+-dependent [44] The mode of interaction of annexin V with S100A12 differs from the mode of annexin II– S100A10 interaction In the case of the latter, the C-terminal domain of S100A10 was proven...
... of the extent of receptor-mediated internalization of 125I-labelled sauvagine could be observed in the presence of any of these inhibitors These findings indicate that neither the activation of ... messenger product of either or both of these pathways could be involved in agonist-stimulated internalization of this receptor The effect of PKA and PKC was investigated by use of the specific PKA ... with b-arr1–EGFP (Fig 6B2) Involvement of putative phosphorylation sites in recruitment of b-arrestin1 To examine if removal of potential phosphorylation sites in the C-terminal tail and the third...
... 1993) This problem makes it difficult to meet the requirements of an office because it produces retrieval noise in these three types of operations 5WlH information is who, when, where, what, why, ... example, as the right matrix of Figure shows This meets comparative viewpoint requirements in office retrieval 3.3 Overall Classification When there are a large number of 5WlH elements, the classification ... precision independent of the presence of the element is from 85% to 95% for each, and the overall precision is 82.4% 5.1.1 Episodic R e t r i e v a l Figure is an actual screen of Figure 2, which...