thì hiện tại hoàn thành

THÌ HIẸN TẠI HỒN THÀNH I Ví dụ (+) She has written many novels since 2001 (-) She hasn’t written many novels since 2001 (?) Has she written many novels since 2001? (+) I have met her for months ( -) I haven’t met her for months (?) Have you met her for months? (+) We have been friends together for a long time (-) We haven’t been friends together for a long time (?) Have you been friends together for a long time? II Cấu trúc hồnh thành: Have + Past Participle (PII) ►Have: Khi viết thành câu chia thành Has Have - Khi chủ ngữ She, He, It, danh từ số it, danh từ khơng đếm ta dùng HAS, - Khi chủ ngữ I, You, We, They Danh từ số nhiều ta dùng Have ► Past Participle dạng khứ phân từ động từ, - Nếu động từ hợp quy tắc ta việc thêm ED vào phía sau động từ - Nếu động từ bất quy tắc động từ cột thứ bảng động từ bất quy tắc (Gọi chung V3) Thì hồn thành sau: (+) S + has/have + Past Participle (–) S + has/have + not + Past Participle (?) Has/Have + S + Past Participle? ( Câu hỏi trả lời ngắn - Yes/No question) Câu trả lời: Yes, S + has/have No, S + has/have + not III Cách sử dụng hồn thành: Miêu tả hành động xảy thời điểm không xác định q khứ - Khơng có thời gian xác định John has traveled around the world (We don’t know when) Have you passed your driving test? - Hoặc với từ: just, recently, already, yet,… - Hành động lặp lại nhiều lần thời điểm tại, thường thấy từ kèm cách dùng sau: Several times/hours/days/weeks/months/years I have watched “Iron Man” several times - Sau cấu trúc so sánh ta dùng hồn thành It is the most boring book that I have ever read - Sau cấu trúc: This/It is the first/second… times, phải dùng hoàn thành This is the first time I have had a public speech It’s the second times he has lost his passport Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu diễn khứ - Có từ thời gian như: since, for, ever, never, up to now, so far,… Jonh has lived in that house for 20 years (He's still living there) =John has lived in that house since 1980 IV Các từ với hồn thành Ngồi cách dùng trên, gặp trạng từ, cụm từ sau - Since + mốc thời gian ví dụ: since 1982, since Junuary….: kể từ - For + khoảng thời gian: for three days, for ten minutes, ….: vòng Ví dụ: I haven’t heard from her for months He hasn’t met her since she was a little girl - Already: Dùng câu khẳng định hay câu hỏi, ALREADY đứng sau have đứng cuối câu I have already had the answer = I have had the answer already Have you typed my letter already? - Yet: chưa Dùng câu phủ định nghi vấn YET thường đứng cuối câu John hasn’t written his report yet I hasn’t decided what to yet Have you read this article yet? - Just: vừa Dùng để hành động vừa xảy I have just met him I have just cleaned up the kitchen I have just had lunch - Recently, Lately: gần He has recently studied a new theory on maths - So far: We haven’t finished the English homework so far - Up to now, up to the present, up to this moment, until now, until this time: đến tận She hasn’t come up to now - Ever: chưa EVER dùng câu nghi vấn cấu trúc so sánh Have you ever gone abroad? - Never… before: chưa I have never eaten a mango before Have you eaten a mango? - In/Over/During/For + the + past/last + time: thời gian qua It has rained in the past week She hasn’t talked to me over the last days V Phân biệt “gone to” “been to” - gone to: chưa Ann is on holiday She has gone to Paris –> Có nghĩa đường đến - been to: Ann is back to England now She has been to Paris –> Cô Paris Anh CHUYỂN ĐỔI TỪ THÌ HIỆN TẠI HỒN THÀNH SANG THÌ Q KHỨ ĐƠN (VÀ NGƯỢC LẠI) Dạng 1: o S + HTHT (phủ định) + for + thời gian It’s + thời gian ….+ since …+ last + QKĐ (khẳng định) Ex: I haven’t seen my father for one month – It is one month since I last saw my father Tom hasn’t had his hair cut for over three months – It is three months since Tom last had his hair cut Dạng 2: o S + HTHT (phủ định) + before It’s + the first time + S + HTHT (khẳng định) Ex: I haven’t seen that man here before – It is the first time I have met that man here It is the first time I have read this book – I haven’t read this book before o Dạng 3: - S + HTHT (phủ định) + since / for + … - S + last + QKĐ (khẳng định) …+ when + mệnh đề - The last time + S + QKĐ (khẳng định) + was + thời gian Ex: I haven’t heard him since August – The last time I heard him was in August I haven’t seen him since I left school – I last saw him when I left school o Dạng 4: S + HTHT (khẳng định) + for + thời gian S + began / started + V-ing + thời gian + ago Ex: I have worked here for ten years – I began working here ten years ago It started raining two days ago – It has rained for two days I Fill in the gap with since or for to complete the sentence He watched television …………… three hours They have been friends……………….five months My family has owned this farm…………….1990 I have wanted that book …………… months I haven’t seen you……………… Christmas We have been here……………January I haven’t eaten any meat……………….over a year She has worn the same old dress …………… the beginning of the month II Give the correct form of the verb in the brackets in the present perfect tense I (know)……………….him all my life They (live)………………… in that house for two years My brother (write)………………… three books She (not break)…………………….her leg She (break)………………………her arm I (see)……………………….an elephant several times She (have)……………………that dress for ten years We (be)……………………………here for hours! The children (not finish)……………………….their homework yet 10 You (be)………………………to the zoo? III Give the correct form of the verb in the brackets We (study) a very hard lesson the day before yesterday I (read) that novel by Hemingway several times before We (study) almost every lesson in this book so far My wife and I (travel) to Mexico by air last summer I (have) a little trouble with my car last week What you (do) _ yesterday? How long you (learn) English? Ton never (be) in Hanoi The plane (stop) _ at a small town It then (take) _ off immediately after refuelling 10 She (be) _ so happy when she (hear) the news that she (cry) _ 11 Steven (live) _ in London since 1990 12 We (leave) _ Singapore six months ago 13 I never(eat) snake meat 13 Diana (meet) Simon for dinner last night 14 Oh no! Someone(steal) my bag IV Give the correct form of the verb in the brackets 1.I (try)…………………… to learn English for years I (wait)…………… for two hours, but she (not come)…………… yet She (read)………… all the works of Dickens How many have you (read)……………? I (wait)………… hare nearly half an hour for my girlfriend Joanna; you think she (forget) …………… to come? Mary (rest)………… in the garden all day because she (be)…………… ill Although john (study)……… at the university for five years he (not get)…………… his degree yet Jack (go)………… to Poland for a holiday; I never (be)…………… there We (live)……………… for the last five months, and just (decide) ……………….to move You…… already (drink)………… cups of tea since I (sit)…………… here 10 That book (lie)………… on the table for weeks …………You (not read)……… it yet? 11 …… You (be)…… asleep all the morning? I (ring)…………… the bell for the last minutes 12 She (work)………… so hard this week that she (not have)…………… time to go out 13 He (write)…………… a novel for the last two months But she (not finish)…………… yet 14 My watch (go) ………………… for three days and it (not run down)…………………… yet 15 He (lose)…………………… his book He (look)…………… for it all the morning, but it (not turn)…………… up yet  ... to: Ann is back to England now She has been to Paris –> Cô Paris Anh CHUYỂN ĐỔI TỪ THÌ HIỆN TẠI HỒN THÀNH SANG THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN (VÀ NGƯỢC LẠI) Dạng 1: o S + HTHT (phủ định) + for + thời gian It’s... times - Sau cấu trúc so sánh ta dùng hoàn thành It is the most boring book that I have ever read - Sau cấu trúc: This/It is the first/second… times, phải dùng hồn thành This is the first time I have... for 20 years (He's still living there) =John has lived in that house since 1980 IV Các từ với hồn thành Ngồi cách dùng trên, gặp trạng từ, cụm từ sau - Since + mốc thời gian ví dụ: since 1982, since