Tài liệu Thủ thuật lập trình cho iPhone part 8 docx

Bài 9: Creating a ToDo List Using SQLite Part (go on) This is part in our multipart series of creating a todo list for the iPhone For this, you must have completed the following tutorials   iPhone Programming Tutorial – Creating a ToDo List Using SQLite Part iPhone Programming Tutorial – Creating a ToDo List Using SQLite Part The focus of this tutorial will mainly be on viewing the todo items when selected I will also show you how to update the todo status This will require us to use interface builder When you are completed, you will be able to edit todos through an interface similar to this: Collection By traibingo 94 Bringing Your Code Up To Speed Collection By traibingo 95 For this tutorial, we will need to get the last variable from the todo database This is of course being the status variable If you recall, it‟s a boolean value (1 for complete, for in progress) We need to get it from the database and associate it with the todo object First let‟s create a property to hold this value Open todo.h and add the following code: So a few changes here…First there is the added NSInteger status This will be the property we associate with the status (complete or not) of the todo We also create a property from it Next, there is a BOOL property called “dirty” We will use this object to signify when a todo has been altered You will see how this comes into play when we implement the dehydrate method Also, I have added method signatures updateStatus will be the method called when we want to update our status variable Similarly, the updatePriority method will be called to update the priority Finally, we have added a dehydrate method This method should be familiar (or confusing) if you have messed with Apple‟s books example Basically, it will be used to save the state of the todo to the database We will be calling this method on each todo item when the program exits I will show you how to this in a little bit Be sure to add the status variable to the synthesize line Also, as we did before, we need to create a static sqlite3_stmt to hold the compiled dehydration statement Add the following code to Todo.m: Collection By traibingo 96 Now let‟s implement the methods Add the following code: The first two methods (udpateStatus and updatePriority) are pretty strait forward They update the status and the priority of the todo and then set the “dirty” property to This signifies that the todo has been altered and will need to be saved to the database Finally, there is the dehydrate method… We will call this method on each todo upon termination of the program If the todo is “dirty” meaning the dirty property was set to YES, we will need to save the new data to the database The database code should look pretty similar to code in previous tutorials First, we check to see if the dehydrate_statement is equal to nil If you recall, this will only happen the first time this method gets called Next we create the update statement and then bind our variables to each of the “?”‟s Notice the ordering The numbers represent the question marks from left to right (1 being the first, being the second, being the third) It took Collection By traibingo 97 me quite some time to figure this out Finally, we execute the sqlite statement by calling sqlite3_step and then reset the statement The last thing we need to to Todo.m is change the SELECT statement in the initWithPrimaryKey method to grab the „complete‟ field Update the code to look like the screenshot below: There are not really many changes The first change is the added status to the synthesize line Next, the sql statement was updated to read SELECT text,priority,complete FROM todo WHERE pk=? This allows us to get the “complete” field from the database Finally, there is the line “self.status = sqlite3_column_in(init_statement,2);” This is assigning the status property to the data at index in the sql data array We can now use this field One thing we need to for the navigation to function properly is add a title to our main view Open up rootViewController.m and add the following code to the viewDidLoad method: Create the Todo Detail View Collection By traibingo 98 Now we are going to create the view that will display when the user selects the todo in the UITableView Go ahead and open up Interface Builder by selecting one of you existing nib (.xib) files Once it‟s open add a new View by clicking File -> New and select View Drag the following controls   UITextView UISegmentedControl – For this you will need to set the number of segments to You will also see a dropdown menu below this option Select each segment and fill in one of the priorities for the title Here is a screenshot You should give a title to each (Low , Medium, High) Collection By traibingo 99   UILabel – This will be used to display the status UIButton – Users will click this button to update the status (Mark as complete) When you are done, your interface should look something like this (but probably better): Collection By traibingo 100 I know that my interface doesn‟t look the coolest I‟m a programmer not a graphic designer… Ok save this view by pressing Command-S Make sure you are in your current projects directory Name it TodoViewController and press Save Collection By traibingo 101 It will then ask you if you want to add it to your project Check the box next to the word todo and click Add Now close Interface Builder Next, we are going to add the viewController class and set up variables to interface with this view Collection By traibingo 102 Create TodoViewController Class Files Click File -> New File… Select UIViewController Subclass and click Next Name the file TodoViewController and make sure that the box that says “Also create TodoViewController.h” is checked and click Finish Collection By traibingo 103 Open up TodoViewController.h and add the following code Basically, we are setting up Interface Builder Outlets for each of the UI components to be connected to Notice, the UIButton has an IBOutlet This is because we will need to update the text on the button depending on whether or not the todo is completed Also, I have an IBAction called updateStatus We will be connecting this to the button we created It will Collection By traibingo 104 toggle the status (pending/complete) of a todo item Finally, we see the updatePriority method This method will be called when the user selects one of the priority segments in the UISegmentedControl Next, open up TodoViewController.m and add the following synthesize code: Advertisement // This will allow us to get and set these variables Before we connect this code to the Interface, we need to implement the methods that will be called when the user presses the button to mark a todo as complete as well as when the user presses a segment in the UISegmentedControl Inside of TodoViewController add the following methods Let‟s go through this First we see the updateStatus method This gets called when a user presses the button to alter the status We basically check the current status of the todo (whether or not it‟s completed) and depending on that, change the text to be displayed on the UIButton So, if the todo is not complete (in progress) and this button is pressed, the text Collection By traibingo 105 will be changed from “Mark As Complete” to “Mark As In Progress” Finally, we call the updateStatus of the todo and pass the new value (1 or 0) to it Next we see the updatePriority method It simply reads the value of the UISegmentedControl by calling the selectedSegmentIndex method on it The next part looks a little messy There are reasons that reason we can‟t just pass the value of the UISegmentedControl directly to the method The first is, the UISegmentedControl is ordered in acending order (1, 2, 3…), but our priorities are in descending order (3 = low, = medium, = high) This is where the “2 – priority” comes from Next, UISegmented controls are “0 indexed” meaning the indices start at and increment from there So we need to add a “+1″ to the index as our todo priorities start at Now we need to connect the UI Components in Interface Builder to this code Double click on TodoViewController.xib to open it in Interface Builder Connecting UI Components To Code We first need to associate this view with the class we just created In the Interface Builder, click on the File‟s Owner object Next click Tools -> Identity Inspector You should see a drop-down next to class Select TodoViewController from this list and you will see the variables we just created appear in the boxes below This is what the Identity window should look like after you have selected TodoViewController Collection By traibingo 106 Now that the class is associated, we can begin connecting the components We will start by connecting the view Click on the top of your view window to select the view itself (make sure you haven‟t selected any of the UI components) Click Tools -> Connections Inspector Next to where is says “New Referencing Outlet” click in the circle and drag it to the Collection By traibingo 107 “File‟s Owner” object and release it The word “view” should pop up Click on the word view It should now look like this Now repeat these steps for each of the components (UITextView, UISegmentedControl, UILabel, UIButton) connecting each to the “File‟s Owner Object” Instead of the word “view” popping up, you should see the Collection By traibingo 108 variable name for the corresponding variable that you want to connect the component to So for the UITextView, you should see the word “todoText” appear when you drag it to the File‟s Owner object We need to connect the UIButton to the updateStatus method we created To this click inside the “Touch up inside” circle and drag it to the “File‟s Owner” object You should see the text “updateStatus” appear Click on it If all goes well it should look like this Collection By traibingo 109 The last thing we need to inside of Interface Builder is connect the UISegmentedControl Click on it in your view and then click Tools -> Connections Inspector… Click on the circle next to the “Value Changed” method and drag it to the “File‟s Owner” object You will see the method updatePriority popup Go ahead and click on it Your window for the UISegmentedControl should now look like this: Collection By traibingo 110 Now, let‟s display this view when a row is selected Close Interface Builder and open up RootViewController.h and add the following code: Collection By traibingo 111 We need a variable to associate with the TodoViewController that we will be transitioning to Next, open up RootViewController.m and add the following code to synthesize this property Keeping the UITableView Up To Date Whenever a todo item is altered (status or priority) the UITableView needs to be updated with the new changes Add the following code to the viewWillAppear The line [self.tableView reloadData] reloads the table data every time the view appears (or reappears) This will ensure that our table is always up to date Now add the following code to the didSelectRowAtIndex method: Collection By traibingo 112 This is quite a bulky method with a lot of familiar code First, we get a handle to the appDelegate and the todo object that was selected Next, we push the todoView (the view you created in interface builder) on to the viewController stack to transition to it After that, we are setting some of the properties of the view The title is set to the text of the todo (it will get truncated if it is too long) and the UITextView is also set to the todo text Next, we are translating our priority to an index for the UISegmentedView I explained why this was necessary above Then the index of the UISegmentedControl is set by using the setSelectedSegmentIndex method Finally, we set the text of the button and label based on the status of the todo The very last thing we need to is tell the application to save itself when it closes Open up todoAppDelegate.m and add the following code to the applicationWillTerminate method: If you ask me, this is some freakin sweet functionality The method “makeObjectsPerformSelector” is a built in method on an NSArray It basically loops over every object in the array, calling the method you pass Collection By traibingo 113 in to it on each one It‟s like doing a for loop and calling the todo[x].dehydrate method for each todo Only this is much cleaner So, to reiterate, this method will call the dehydrate method on each todo If the todo is “dirty” meaning it was altered, it will be saved to the database, otherwise the dehydrate method will nothing * One thing to note The applicationWillTerminate method will not be called if you quit the simulator while the application is running To make sure it gets called (and the todo data gets saved) make sure you press the home button on the simulator after you make alterations to the todos If you simply press Apple-q and quit the simulator while inside of the todo program, no data will be saved and you will post angry comments on my site telling me that my tutorial is wrong Click Build and Go and just sit back and enjoy the magic of rock! I mean XCode… When you select a todo item, your screen should look something like this: Collection By traibingo 114 Well, that concludes part of our series Join me next time, when I will show you how to add and delete todos from the SQLite database If you have any comments or questions, feel free to leave them in the comments section I would love to hear them Please subscribe to the RSS feed if you want to be automatically notified of new tutorials If you get lost at any point, you can download the sample code for this tutorial here Collection By traibingo 115 ... following code to the viewDidLoad method: Create the Todo Detail View Collection By traibingo 98 Now we are going to create the view that will display when the user selects the todo in the UITableView... type="text/javascript" src="http://ad4.netshelter.net/adj/ns.icodeblog/general;kw=;tile=4;sz=300x2 50,336x 280 ;ord='' + ord + ''?">''); //]]> This will allow us to get and set these variables... reads the value of the UISegmentedControl by calling the selectedSegmentIndex method on it The next part looks a little messy There are reasons that reason we can‟t just pass the value of the UISegmentedControl