Tài liệu Hatching Value Scales docx

VALUE SCALES Brenda Hoddinott F-01 BEGINNER: HATCHING When you can render sets of hatching lines well, you discover a very fast and simple way to achieve realistic shading in your drawings. Many different styles of hatching sets can be rendered, from lines that are very noticeable, to lines drawn so closely together that they look like a solid tone. This lesson is divided into the following three sections: EXAMINING HATCHED VALUES: Related terms and words are defined, and four different values demonstrate the simplicity of hatching. DRAWING BASIC HATCHING SETS: You make different values by placing the hatching lines either far apart or close together (varying the density). CREATING VALUE SCALES: A full range of values is rendered by: varying the density of the hatching lines, and the pressure used in holding pencils; and by using different grades of pencils. Have your drawing supplies close by so you can follow along with the simple exercises! Suggested supplies include 2H, HB, 2B, 4B and 6B pencils, vinyl and kneaded erasers, and drawing paper. 5 PAGES – 10 ILLUSTRATIONS This article is recommended for artists of all ages and abilities, as well as home schooling, academic and recreational fine art educators. Published by Hoddinott Fine Art Publishers, Halifax, NS, Canada – Revised 2006 Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web site http://www.finearteducation.com or http://www.drawspace.com 2 EXAMINING HATCHED VALUES You become more comfortable with using shading in your drawings when you know how to draw value scales. Shading refers to the various shades of gray (values) in a drawing that make drawings look three-dimensional. Values are the different shades of gray created when you draw by varying the density of the shading lines, and the pressure used in holding various pencils. Value scale refers to the range of different values from light to dark or from dark to light. Drawing value scales with hatching, requires lots of practice before you can experience success. Hatching is a series of lines (called a set) drawn closely together to give the illusion of values. 1) Squint your eyes and/or move back a little, and look at the four different sets of hatching lines in Illustration 01-01. ILLUSTRATION 01-01 The first set (on the far left) has very few lines drawn far apart, creating the illusion of a light value. Each of the other sets appears to become progressively darker, until you get to the last one which is the darkest. 2) Try your hand at drawing random sets of parallel lines in your sketchbook. Take note of how you make these lines. You should try many different ways of moving your pencil, rotating your paper, or changing the angle of your lines, until you find the motions that are the most natural for you. DRAWING BASIC HATCHING SETS In this exercise, you use a 2B pencil to practice drawing sets of parallel hatching lines far apart and closer together, to create four different values. ILLUSTRATION 01-02 3) Draw the first set of hatching lines with very few lines. The old expression “few and far between” works well here. The lines are far apart and few in number. ILLUSTRATION 01-03 4) Draw a second set of lines a little closer together than your first set. More lines are drawn in the second value than in the first. Hence, the overall value should look a little darker. Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web site http://www.finearteducation.com or http://www.drawspace.com 3 ILLUSTRATION 01-04 5) Draw a third set of parallel lines, closer together than in your first two sets. Note that there are many more lines than in the second set and the lines are much closer together. ILLUSTRATION 01-05 6) Draw the fourth set of hatching lines very closely together. More lines make up the fourth hatching set and they are much closer together than in the first three. Also, not as much of the white paper is still showing through. ILLUSTRATION 01-06 In Illustration 01-06, I show you a small sampling of hatching styles. Note the different types of hatching lines, such as curved and straight, and long and short. Try to imagine how you could apply each of these sets to something in a drawing. 7) Try drawing some sets of different styles of hatching lines in your sketchbook. CREATING VALUE SCALES In this section, you discover how you can achieve a full range of values by varying both the density of the hatching lines and the pressure applied, while using pencils of different grades. 8) Practice hatching with each of your pencils and notice their differences. The 2H is very light (hardest) and the 2B is quite dark (softest). By letting your pencils do some of the work, you don’t need to press as hard with your pencil to achieve dark values, and you have more control doing light values. In the next exercise, you use three different pencils to help create various values. 2B works best for creating the dark values, HB is great for middle values, and 2H is ideal for light values. Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web site http://www.finearteducation.com or http://www.drawspace.com 4 9) Draw a value scale of seven different values. Using your 2H pencil, draw the first three values beginning with the lightest. With your HB pencil, draw the next two values. Use your 2B for the two darkest values. Keep practicing this value scale in your sketchbook until you can draw all seven different values. Then try this same exercise in reverse from dark to light. ILLUSTRATION 01-07 ILLUSTRATION 01-08 Have a close look at these two sets of hatching lines and observe the following: In the hatching example in the upper left, you can clearly see my hatching lines. I draw my hatching lines very closely together in the lower right drawing, to create the illusion of a smooth, solid tone (without blending). In this next exercise, your goal is to make seven different smooth values by drawing the hatching lines close together. 10) With 2H and HB pencils, begin with the lightest value, and draw the first three light values as in the next illustration. 11) Use your 2B, 4B and 6B pencils to draw the four darker values. ILLUSTRATION 01-09 12) Draw a value scale of ten different values from light to dark. ILLUSTRATION 01-10 13) Draw another value scale of ten different values from dark to light. Copyright to all articles, images, text, projects, lessons and exercises within this drawing class belong to Brenda Hoddinott and may not be reproduced or used for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the written permission of Brenda Hoddinott. E-mail bhoddinott@hoddinott.com Web site http://www.finearteducation.com or http://www.drawspace.com 5 Practice drawing value scales every single day, until you can clearly distinguish ten different values! Put the date on the back of your drawings each day so you can enjoy watching your skills improve. BRENDA HODDINOTT - BIOGRAPHY As a self-educated teacher, visual artist, portraitist, forensic artist, and illustrator, Brenda Hoddinott utilizes diverse art media including graphite, technical pen, colored pencil, chalk pastel, charcoal, conté crayon, and oil paints. My philosophy on teaching art is to focus primarily on the enjoyment aspects while gently introducing the technical and academic. Hence, in creating a passion for the subject matter, the quest for knowledge also becomes enjoyable. >Brenda Hoddinott< Born in St. John’s, Newfoundland, Brenda grew up in the small town of Corner Brook. She developed strong technical competencies with a personal commitment to self directed learning, and the aid of assorted “Learn to Draw” books. During Brenda’s twenty-five year career as a self-educated civilian forensic artist, numerous criminal investigation departments have employed Brenda’s skills, including Royal Canadian Mounted Police and municipal police departments. In 1992, Brenda was honored with a commendation from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and in 1994, she was awarded a Certificate of Membership from “Forensic Artists International”. Her home-based art career included graphic design, and teaching recreational drawing and painting classes. As supervisor of her community’s recreational art department, Brenda hired and trained teachers, and designed curriculum for several children’s art programs. In 1998, Brenda chose to end her eighteen-year career as an art educator in order to devote more time to writing, drawing, painting, and developing her websites. Drawspace http://www.drawspace.com incorporates her unique style and innovative approach to curriculum development. This site offers downloadable and printable drawing classes for students of all abilities from the age of eight through adult. Students of all ages, levels and abilities have praised the simple step-by-step instructional approach. This site is respected as a resource for fine art educators, home schooling programs, and educational facilities throughout the world. LEARN-TO-DRAW BOOKS BY BRENDA HODDINOTT Drawing for Dummies (2003): Wiley Publishing, Inc., New, York, NY, this 336 page book is available on various websites and in major bookstores internationally. The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Drawing People (2004): Winner of the Alpha-Penguin Book of the Year Award 2004, Alpha - Pearson Education – Macmillan, Indianapolis, IN, this 360 page book is available on various websites and in major bookstores internationally. . different values by placing the hatching lines either far apart or close together (varying the density). CREATING VALUE SCALES: A full range of values. various pencils. Value scale refers to the range of different values from light to dark or from dark to light. Drawing value scales with hatching, requires