Unit 11 Sources of energy

Energy is fundamental to poor people-the one-third of humanity that does not have modern energy supplies like electricity, with which their life could be improved.. What are their energy[r]

UNIT 10:

SOURCES OF

ENERGY

Energy story

N E W W O R D

Coal Nuclear energy Garbage

Biogas

Natural gas Oil

Wind Solar energy

Air that moves quickly as a result of natural forces

Wind

Gas, especially methane, that is produced by dead plants and that can be burned to produce heat

Biogas

Energy provided by the sun

This energy is in the form

of solar radiation, which makes the production of solar electricity possible.

Solar energy

A powerful form of energy

produced by converting matter into energy by splitting

the nuclei (= central parts) of atoms

It is used to produce electricity.

Nuclear energy

A hard black mineral that is found below the ground and burnt to produce heat

Coal

Waste food, paper, etc that you throw away

Garbage

A thick liquid that is found in rock underground

Oil

Gas that is found under the ground or the sea and that is used as a fuel

Natural gas

 Non-renewable energy sources

 cannot be remade or regrown in a

short period of time They consist of

fossil fuels and minerals.

 Renewable energy sources

 can be formed naturally in a short period of time They are not used up when the energy is

exploited.

Ex : Hard work is very fundamental to success.

He taught me the fundamentals of the job.

 Solar stove

/'səʊlə(r) stəʊv/ (n):

Bếp năng lượng mặt trời

Stove which consumes the energy from the sun

Ex: They use the energy from the

wind to generate electricity.

Generation (n):

the production of something

(heat,

electricity)

 Respiratory

 Hô hấp

 /re’spəreɪtc:rɪ/ (adj):

connected with breathing

Ex: Respiratory disease

Flu is a respiratory disease

 Respiration (n)

 Respire (v)

 Respirator (n)

 Expose sb/sth to sth

 /ɪk'spəʊz/

 : to put sth/ sb in a place or situation where they are not protected from sth harmful or unpleasant

 Phơi cái gì/ai ở nơi mà không được bảo vệ, không an toàn

 Be exposed to sth

 Ex: Babies should not be exposed to strong sun light.

Fundamental (adj) cơ bản, cơ sở

Gather (v) hái, lượm, thu thập

Fuel wood = firewood: củi

Dim (adj): lờ mờ

Battery(n) pin bình trữ điện

=> Dry cell battery : pin khô

Prospect (n) triển vọng

Arduous (a) khó nhọc

Solar system: hệ mặt trời

Clinic (n) bênh viện

Energy is fundamental to poor people-the one-third of humanity that does not have modern energy supplies like electricity, with which their life could

be improved What are their energy sources now? What new sources may help them?

MR John Ngujuna and his family live on a small farm near Nakuru in Kenya His wife, children, and grandparents spend hours each day gathering fuel wood They buy over four liters of kerosense a week for the lamps that provide dim light in their house at night They spend a lot of their spare crash on dry cell batteries for their radio and flashlights

For many families in Kenya, the prospect of better energy services would mak their life different An improved solar stove for cooking would reduce the

arduous works of firewood collection, and women and children would not be

breathing thick smoke while the cooking was going on Small solar systems in the village would also mean that the clinic could operate at night and urgent

operation could be carried out Very small solar lighting systems would allow

children to study in the evening and the school to run literacy classes for adults Solution such as solar stoves and lanterns are now introduced to a lot of Kenyan families in remote areas

For many people living in rural areas in other developing countries of the world, biogas is the largest energy resource available, without which their life would be very difficult The main use of biogas is for cooking and heating As biogas is smoke-free, it help solve the

problem of indoor air pollution, hence preventing respiratory diseases among women and children, who are exposed to wood-burning stove smoke far more than men Plant waste and animal cost almost

nothing, yet they are valuable sources for generating power to pump water or run machines that farmers grains with.

The tendency to use renewable energy sources is on the increase when non-renewable ones are running out In the near

future, people in the developing world may use wind or sea waves as the environment-friendly energy sources – who knows?

EXE RCI

SES

B Solar System and Biogas

2

3 C Sources of Energy for the Poor

D Advantages of Renewable Energy Sources

4

b) In which paragraphs are the following ideas discussed?

1 Smoke affects people’s health

2 Non-renewable sources are being used up

3 The new sources helps farmers do their work better

4 The new sources generates electricity for poor people

5 The new sources may save people’s lives

6 The new sources is not costly

7 People may use wind power to serve their life in the future

8 People don’t have electricity

C, D

E

D

C, D C

D

E

A, B

Answer the question

1 Why are solar systems and biogas introduced to poor people?

2 What energy sources does John Ngujuna’s family use to

sustain their life?

Saving human energy; solving the problem of indoor air

pollution; providing better health care and education.

Pollution-free/ smoke-free and cheap It helps solve the

problem of indoor air pollution and prevent

Cities: electricity, natural gas (sometimes kerosene and coal).

Rural areas:wood, straw, plant stalks, coal, kerosene, biogas.

Moutainous regions: wood, solar energy (using solar stove).

Source of energy in the future]