Tài liệu Ngân hàng câu hỏi thi kết thúc học phần_ Tiếng anh kỹ thuật điện ppt

Trờng đại học kỹ thuật công nghiệp Khoa khoa học Bộ môn: Ngoại ngữ ngân hàng câu hỏi thi kÕt thóc häc phÇn häc phÇn: tiÕng anh kü thuật (3 tín chỉ) Dùng cho đào tạo bậc đại học theo học chế tín ngành điện điện tử Thái nguyên 8/2007 NI DUNG NH GIÁ THI KẾT THÚC HỌC PHẦN UNIT 1: Conductors, insulators and semiconductors Reading: - True or False - Rephrasing - Contextual reference - Summarizing Use of language: - Description of shapes, positions and connections, experiments - Relative clauses - Passive voice Writing: - Writing instructions Sentence / Paragraph building UNIT 2: Circuit elements Reading: - True or False - Rephrasing - Contextual reference - Summarizing Use of language: - Description of function, purpose - Relative clauses Writing: - Sentence / Paragraph building UNIT 3: The dc motor Reading: - Contextual reference - Note-taking Use of language: - Description of positions, components - Relative clauses - Comparison and contrast Writing: - Sentence building Writing impersonal instructions UNIT 4: The cathode ray tube Reading: - Contextual reference - Note-taking Use of language: - Description of a process, sequence, distribution of power - Short relative clauses UNIT 5: Process control systems Reading: - Contextual reference - Reading for specific information - Note-taking Use of language: - Cause and Effect Writing: - Sentence building UNIT 6: Logic gates Reading: - Finding out facts - Summarizing Use of language: - Making predictions Writing: - Grouping sentences PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐÁNH GIÁ - Tự luận - Hình thức thi viết (thời gian:90’) NGUYÊN TẮC TỔ HỢP CÂU HỎI ĐỂ LÀM ĐỀ THI KẾT THÚC HỌC PHẦN - Nguyên tắc: + Kết hợp phần câu hỏi + Một đề thi bao gồm loại câu hỏi: câu loại 1, câu loại 2, câu loại 3, câu loại + Câu hỏi loại tổ hợp từ loại 3a, 3b, 3c; loại câu - Thang điểm: + Câu hỏi loại 1: điểm (6 câu hỏi đọc hiểu, câu 0,5điểm) + Câu hỏi loại 2: 0,25 điểm + Câu hỏi loại 3: 0,5 điểm + Câu hỏi loại 4: 0,5 điểm - Loại câu hỏi: + Câu hỏi loại 1: Read the following passage and answer the questions below + Câu hỏi loại 2: Choose the best word to fill in the gaps + Câu hỏi loại 3: Rewrite the following sentences without changing the meanings + Câu hỏi loại 4: Give the correct form of the word in brackets 4 NGÂN HÀNG CÂU HỎI 4.1.Câu hỏi loại 1 ELECTRIC MOTOR An electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy The reverse process, that of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, is accomplished by a generator or dynamo Traction motors used on locomotives often perform both tasks if the locomotive is equipped with dynamic brakes Electric motors are found in household appliances such as fans, refrigerators, washing machines, pool pumps and fan-forced ovens Most electric motors work by electromagnetism, but motors based on other electromechanical phenomena, such as electrostatic forces and the piezoelectric effect, also exist The fundamental principle upon which electromagnetic motors are based is that there is a mechanical force on any current-carrying wire contained within a magnetic field The force is described by the Lorentz force law and is perpendicular to both the wire and the magnetic field Most magnetic motors are rotary, but linear motors also exist In a rotary motor, the rotating part (usually on the inside) is called the rotor, and the stationary part is called the stator The rotor rotates because the wires and magnetic field are arranged so that a torque is developed about the rotor's axis The motor contains electromagnets that are wound on a frame Though this frame is often called the armature, that term is often erroneously applied Correctly, the armature is that part of the motor across which the input voltage is supplied Depending upon the design of the machine, either the rotor or the stator can serve as the armature Questions: What is the function of an electric motor? Where are electric motors found? What is the fundamental principle upon which electromagnetic motors are based? How is the force described by Lorentz force law? What is the rotating part called and what is the stationary part called? Is the armature the rotor or the stator? Stepper motors Closely related in design to three-phase AC synchronous motors are stepper motors, where an internal rotor containing permanent magnets or a large iron core with salient poles is controlled by a set of external magnets that are switched electronically A stepper motor may also be thought of as a cross between a DC electric motor and a solenoid As each coil is energized in turn, the rotor aligns itself with the magnetic field produced by the energized field winding Unlike a synchronous motor, in its application, the motor may not rotate continuously; instead, it "steps" from one position to the next as field windings are energized and de-energized in sequence Depending on the sequence, the rotor may turn forwards or backwards Simple stepper motor drivers entirely energize or entirely de-energize the field windings, leading the rotor to "cog" to a limited number of positions; more sophisticated drivers can proportionally control the power to the field windings, allowing the rotors to position "between" the "cog" points and thereby rotate extremely smoothly Computer controlled stepper motors are one of the most versatile forms of positioning systems, particularly when part of a digital servo-controlled system Stepper motors can be rotated to a specific angle with ease, and hence stepper motors are used in pre-gigabyte era computer disk drives, where the precision they offered was adequate for the correct positioning of the read/write head of a hard disk drive As drive density increased, the precision limitations of stepper motors made them obsolete for hard drives, thus newer hard disk drives use read/write head control systems based on voice coils Questions: To what are stepper motors closely related in design? Why does the rotor align itself with the magnetic field produced by the energized field winding? Does the motor rotate continuously? What are one of the most versatile forms of positioning systems? Where are stepper motors are used? What are the read/write head control systems of newer hard disk drives based on? Dynamo The Dynamo was the first electrical generator capable of delivering power for industry The dynamo uses electromagnetic principles to convert mechanical rotation into an alternating electric current A dynamo machine consists of a stationary structure which generates a strong magnetic field, and a set of rotating windings which turn within that field On small machines the magnetic field may be provided by a permanent magnet; larger machines have the magnetic field created by electromagnets The first dynamo based on Faraday's principles was built in 1832 by Hippolyte Pixii, a French instrument maker It used a permanent magnet which was rotated by a crank The spinning magnet was positioned so that its north and south poles passed by a piece of iron wrapped with wire Pixii found that the spinning magnet produced a pulse of current in the wire each time a pole passed the coil Furthermore, the north and south poles of the magnet induced currents in opposite directions By adding a commutator, Pixii was able to convert the alternating current to direct current Unlike the Faraday disc, many turns of wire connected in series can be used in the moving windings of a dynamo This allows the terminal voltage of the machine to be higher than a disc can produce, so that electrical energy can be delivered at a convenient voltage The relationship between mechanical rotation and electric current in a dynamo is reversible; the principles of the electric motor were discovered when it was found that one dynamo could cause a second interconnected dynamo to rotate if current was fed through it Questions: What was the first electrical generator capable of delivering power for industry? What does a dynamo machine consist of? When was the first dynamo based on Faraday's principles built? What provides the magnetic field on small machines? How was the spinning magnet positioned? What is the purpose of the commutator? Digital electronics Digital electronics are those electronics systems that use a digital signal instead of an analog signal Digital electronics are the most common representation of Boolean algebra and are the basis of all digital circuits for computers, mobile phones, and numerous other consumer products The most common fundamental unit of digital electronics is the logic gate By combining numerous logic gates (from tens to hundreds of thousands) more complex systems can be created The complex system of digital electronics is collectively referred to as a digital circuit To most electronic engineers, the terms "digital circuit", "digital system" and "logic" are interchangeable in the context of digital circuits Advantages of Digital electronics The usual advantages of digital circuits when compared to analog circuits are: - Digital systems interface well with computers and are easy to control with software It is often possible to add new features to a digital system without changing hardware, and to this remotely, just by uploading new software Design errors or bugs can be worked-around with a software upgrade, after the product is in customer hands - Information storage can be much easier in digital systems than in analog ones In particular, the great noise-immunity of digital systems makes it possible to store data and retrieve it later without degradation In an analog system, aging and wear and tear will degrade the information in storage, but in a digital system, as long as the wear and tear is below a certain level, the information can be recovered perfectly Questions: What are digital electronics? How can more complex systems be created? Is the complex system of digital electronics collectively referred to as a digital circuit ? How many advantages mentioned in the text digital circuits have when compared to analog circuits? What can design errors or bugs be worked-around with? When can the information be recovered perfectly? Circuit breaker A circuit breaker is an automatically-operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit Unlike a fuse, which operates once and then has to be replaced, a circuit breaker can be reset (either manually or automatically) to resume normal operation Circuit breakers are made in varying sizes, from small devices that protect an individual household appliance up to large switchgear designed to protect high voltage circuits feeding an entire city Types of circuit breaker There are many different technologies used in circuit breakers and they not always fall into distinct categories Types that are common in domestic, commercial and light industrial applications at low voltage (less than 1000 V) include: - MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker)— rated current not more than 100 A Trip characteristics normally not adjustable Thermal or thermal-magnetic operation - MCCB (Moulded Case Circuit Breaker)— rated current up to 1000 A Thermal or thermalmagnetic operation Trip current may be adjustable Electric power systems require the breaking of higher currents at higher voltages Examples of high-voltage AC circuit breakers are: - Vacuum circuit breaker—With rated current up to 3000 A, these breakers interrupt the current by creating and extinguishing the arc in a vacuum container These can only be practically applied for voltages up to about 35,000 V, which corresponds roughly to the medium-voltage range of power systems Vacuum circuit breakers tend to have longer life expectancies between overhaul than air circuit breakers - Air circuit breaker—Rated current up to 10,000 A Trip characteristics are often fully adjustable including configurable trip thresholds and delays Usually electronically controlled, though some models are microprocessor controlled via an integral electronic trip unit Often used for main power distribution in large industrial plant, where the breakers are arranged in draw-out enclosures for ease of maintenance Questions: What is the function of a circuit breaker? What is the difference between a circuit breaker and a fuse? What are the types of circuit breakers at low voltage (less than 1000 V) mentioned in the text? What requires the breaking of higher currents at higher voltages? How vacuum circuit breakers interrupt the current? What is the rated current of air circuit breakers? Digital-to-analog converter In electronics, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC or D-to-A) is a device for converting a digital (usually binary) code to an analog signal (current, voltage or electric charge) Digitalto-analog converters are interfaces between the abstract digital world and analog real life Applications of a digital-to-analog converter - Audio Most modern audio signals are stored in digital form (for example MP3s and CDs) and in order to be heard through speakers they must be converted into an analog signal DACs are therefore found in CD players, digital music players, and PC sound cards Specialist stand-alone DACs can also be found in high-end hi-fi systems These normally take the digital output of a CD player (or dedicated transport) and convert the signal into a linelevel output that can then be fed into a pre-amplifier stage Some of these can also be made to interface with computers using a USB interface - Video Video signals from a digital source, such as a computer, must be converted to analog form if they are to be displayed on an analog monitor As of 2007, analog inputs are more commonly used than digital, but this may change as flat panel displays with DVI and/or HDMI connections become more widespread A video DAC is, however, incorporated in any Digital Video Player with analog outputs The DAC is usually integrated with some memory (RAM), which contains conversion tables for gamma correction, contrast and brightness, to make a device called a RAMDAC Questions: What is the function of a digital-to-analog converter ? Which field is a digital-to-analog converter applied? How are most modern audio signals stored? What does These mean? What must be done if video signals from a digital source are to be displayed on an analog monitor? What is a RAMDAC? 4.2 Câu hỏi loại …………… is usually measured in microfarads or picofarads …………… are used in temperature-sensing devices If we connect a battery across a body, there is a ………… of free electrons towards the positive end ………… are midway between conductors and insulators A ………… is an instrument which is used for measuring small currents All ……… contain four elements: a source, a load, a transmission system and a control A lamp changes ………… energy into light and heat A ……… current flows in one direction only An electric motor is a machine for converting electrical energy into …………… energy 10 A resistor is a device which is used to add to a circuit 11 Under certain……… , semiconductors allow a current to flow easily but under others they behave as insulators 12 Copper is used for cables because it is a good………… 13 A cathode-ray-tube screen glows when an electron………… strikes it 14 The ……………… of metals varies with their temperature 15 A solar cell is an electric cell which converts ……… into electrical energy 16 Common ……… devices are AND, NOR and NAND gates and inverters 17 A … gate is an electronic switching device which responds to two levels of input: a high level represented by and a low level represented by 18 ………… circuits contain four diodes: two conduct in the positive half and two conduct in the negative half of each cycle 19 The basic components of a ……… system are an input transducer, an error sensor, a controller and an output transducer 20 The CRT comprises an electron ……… and a deflection system enclosed in a glass tube with a phosphor coated system 21 The DC motor operates on the principle that when a current-carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic …… , a force is produced on the conductor 22 Two methods of MHD generation can be used: the open-cycle and the………… 23 Current moves from a point of high potential energy to one of ………… potential 24 Motors can be designed to run on direct or ………… current 4.3 Câu hỏi loại I Loại 3a The coil is connected in series with a resistor The resistor has a value of 240Ω → The coil Carbon resistors are made of compressed graphite The graphite is formed into small tubes → Carbon resistors An alternating current changes from positive to negative in each cycle This cycle is repeated 50 or 60 times per second in most AC systems → An alternating current Leaking electrolyte may damage the equipment The cells are installed in the equipment → Leaking electrolyte The error sensor output is fed to the controller The controller sends a signal to the power supply of the motor → The error sensor output A simple controller is an electromagnetic relay It uses a small signal to control a much larger signal such as a power supply output → A simple controller On leaving the electron gun, the beam passes through two sets of plates These plates are at right angles to each other → On leaving the electron gun, the beam II Loại 3b The electrolysis of salt water generates chlorine → Chlorine We use thermistors in temperature-sensing devices because their resistance falls rapidly as their temperature rises → Thermistors We connect the negative pole of the battery to earth → The negative pole A circuit breaker can protect circuits from excessive currents → Circuits Manufacturers can design motors to run on direct or alternating current → Motors Springs hold carbon brushes in contact with the commutator → Carbon brushes III Loại 3c All circuits contain four elements: a source, a load, a transmission system and a control → All circuits consist Semiconductors have replaced valves in most applications but they are still used in large transmitters → Although The CRT comprises an electron gun and a deflection system enclosed in a glass tube with a phosphor coated screen → The CRT is made up The commutator consists of a number of copper segments insulated from one another → The commutator is composed The resistance of thermistors falls rapidly as their temperature rises They are therefore used in temperature-sensing devices → Thermistors are used Transistors can be damaged by heat Care must be taken when soldering transistors → Care must be Pure water does not conduct well so sulphuric acid has to be added before the electrolysis takes place → Because A ceramic coating is applied over the winding The ceramic coating insulates the winding → A ceramic coating is applied over the winding to 4.4 Câu hỏi loại Electric current Conductors Insulators Semiconductors Miliammeter Lamp Generator Alternating current Direct current Resistor Light meter Ammeter Electric motor Electrolysis Solar cell DC motor Capacitance Battery The movement of free electrons towards the positive end Materials which provide an easy path for an electric current Materials which not easily release electrons Materials which are midway between conductors and insulators An instrument which is used for measuring small currents A kind of load which changes electrical energy into light and heat A device which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy A current which flows first in one direction, then in the other A current which flows in one direction only A device which is used to add resistance to a circuit An instrument which measures light An instrument which measures current A device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy A process in which an electric current can separate a chemical compound into its components An electric cell which converts sunlight into electrical energy A machine which runs on direct current and is used to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy A quantity which is measured in farad, microfarad or picofarad A device which changes chemical energy into electrical energy Trưởng mơn Trưởng khoa CN Hồng Thị Thắm TS Nguyễn văn Tuấn ... Hình thức thi viết (thời gian:90’) NGUYÊN TẮC TỔ HỢP CÂU HỎI ĐỂ LÀM ĐỀ THI KẾT THÚC HỌC PHẦN - Nguyên tắc: + Kết hợp phần câu hỏi + Một đề thi bao gồm loại câu hỏi: câu loại 1, câu loại 2, câu loại... 3, câu loại + Câu hỏi loại tổ hợp từ loại 3a, 3b, 3c; loại câu - Thang điểm: + Câu hỏi loại 1: điểm (6 câu hỏi đọc hiểu, câu 0,5điểm) + Câu hỏi loại 2: 0,25 điểm + Câu hỏi loại 3: 0,5 điểm + Câu. .. + Câu hỏi loại 4: 0,5 điểm - Loại câu hỏi: + Câu hỏi loại 1: Read the following passage and answer the questions below + Câu hỏi loại 2: Choose the best word to fill in the gaps + Câu hỏi loại