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THE MONARCHY BRITAIN FOR LEARNERS OF ENGLISH Group member: Nguyễn Lê Thảo Vy Nguyễn Thái Thùy Trang Nguyễn Ngọc Trâm Anh Đặng Lâm Nhã Trang Võ Thị Ái Như Content I The house of Windsor .3 II The appearance .4 III The reality IV The Royal Family V The role of the Monarch 11 VI The value of the Monarchy 14 The economy argument .14 The social psychology: .15 One’s bum year 16 Two king dom? 16 VII The future of the Monarchy 17 Content of Picture Picture : The House of Windsor -3 Picture : Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Charles Picture : Britain’s Queen Elizabeth sits on the Sovereign’s Throne next to Prince Charles -4 Picture : The House of Commons Picture : Boris Johnson, who has been elected the U.K.’s incoming prime minister Picture : Chamber of the House of Commons in the Houses of Parliament, London. Picture : Queen Elizabeth II, alongside the Prince of Wales Picture : The Opening of Parliament -8 Picture : Her majesty's most gracious speech to both Houses of Parliament Picture 10 : The Monarchs of England and Great Britain -9 Picture 11 : The British Royal Family 10 Picture 12 : People protesting -11 Picture 13 : Dictator Benito Mussolini 12 Picture 14 : The British are coming -12 Picture 15 : The Queen is hornoring medal to soldier at Buckingham Palace -13 Picture 16 : The Economy -14 I The house of Windsor Picture 1: The House of Windsor Windsor is the family name of the Britain royal family The press sometimes refers to its members as “the Windsors” Queen Elizabeth is only the fourth Monarch with this name This is not because a “new” royal family took over the throne of Britain four monarchs ago, it is because king George V, Elizabeth’s grandfather, changed the family name It was Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, but during the World War it was thought better for the king not to have a German-souding name II The appearance The Queen has almost absolute power according to the evidence of the written law There are no restrictions on who she picks as her Prime Minister Nothing that the Parliament has decided can become a law until she has given it the royal assent It is the “servant of the Crown”, a reference to the legal authority of the monarch Picture 2: Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Charles proceed through the Royal Gallery on their way to the Lord's Chamber Picture 3: Britain’s Queen Elizabeth sits on the Sovereign’s Throne next to Prince Charles before reading the Queen’s Speech at the Houses of Parliament in London, UK, December 19, 2019 Picture 4: The House of Lords, and the House of Commons (the primary chamber) The two houses meet in the Palace of Westminster in the City of Westminster, one of the inner boroughs of the capital city, London The State Opening of Parliament is an event which formally marks the beginning of a session of the Parliament of the United Kingdom It includes a speech from the throne known as the Queen’s Speech (or the King’s Speech) As part of the State Opening, Queen Elizabeth II will read the Queen’s Speech which sets out the Government’s agenda for the coming session The House of Lords, and the House of Commons (the primary chamber) The two houses meet in the Palace of Westminster in the City of Westminster, one of the inner boroughs of the capital city, London The State Opening is an elaborate ceremony showcasing British history, culture and contemporary politics to large crowds and television viewers III The reality Picture 5: Boris Johnson, who has been elected the U.K.’s incoming prime minister The Queen has to choose someone who will command the majority support in the House of Commons In practice, the person chooses is the leader of the strongest party in the Commons It would normally be impossible for the Monarch to refuse the royal assent to a bill passed by the Parliament Picture 6: House of Commons, Chamber of the House of Commons in the Houses of Parliament, London Picture 7: Queen Elizabeth II, alongside the Prince of Wales, delivers the Queen’s speech during the State Opening of Parliament Queen’s speech paper: When the Queen opens Parliament each year, the speech she makes has been written for her by the Government and approved by the Cabinet The speech contains an outline of its policies and proposed legislation for the new parliamentary session The Queen's Speech is delivered by the Queen from the Throne in the House of Lords Picture 8: The Opening of Parliament Picture 9: Her majesty's most gracious speech to both Houses of Parliament IV The Royal Family Picture 10: The Monarchs of England and Great Britain since the Norman Conquest Picture 11: The British Royal Family V The role of the Monarch The monarch’s role are offered by political and legal experts There are three roles which are often mentioned The Monarch is the personal embodiment of the government Picture 12: People protesting People can be as nasty as they like about the real government, and can argue that it should be thrown out, without being accused of being unpatriotic Because of the clear separation between the symbol of government (the Queen) and the actual government does not threaten the stability Other countries without the monarch have to use something else as the symbol of the country 2 The Government is becoming dictatorial The government managed to pass a bill through Parliament which was obviously terribly bad as well as being unpopular, the monarch could refuse the royal assent Similarly, it is impossible that if a Prime Minister who had been defeated at a general election were to ask immediately for another dissolution of Parliament, the monarch could refuse the request and dismiss the Prime Minister Picture 13: Dictator Benito Mussolini The Monarch has a very practical role to play Picture 14: The British are coming By being a figurehead and representative of the country, Queen Elizabeth II can perform the ceremonial duties which heads of state often have to spend their time on The real government has more time to get with the actual job of running the country Honours Picture 15: The Queen is honoring medal to soldier at Buckingham Palace Twice a year, an Honours List is published To “honoured” by the people whose name appear on the list are then summoned to Buckingham Palace, the Queen presents them with a token which entitles them to write combination of letters after their names Example: KG, KCB is “Knight of the Order of the Garter”, “Knight commander of the Order of the Bath” Traditionally, it was by giving people tiltles such as these that the monarch “honoured” a person as a reward for some service A high proportion of honours are given to politicians and civil servants, business people, sports stars, rock musicians and other entertainers VI The value of the Monarchy (Other modern demoncracies manage perfectly well without one.) The economic argument Picture 16: The Economic Argument The real importance of the British monarchy is probadly less to with the system of government and more to with social psychology and economics The monarchy gives British people a symbol of continuity and a harmless outlet for expressions of national pride As England’s oldest secular institution, it is intertwined with the nation’s identity and political culture If abolished or radically changed, the nation would lose an essential element that solidifies its political system In a modern democracy, many have questioned the legitimacy of the monarchy Such a concern is logical, but the institution performs many important roles for the nation 2 The social psychology: Occasions such as the state opening of Parliament, the Queen’s official birthday and royal weddings, as well as everyday ceremonial events such as the changing of the guard, help to make up for the lack of pagean try in people’s lives In addition, The glamorous lives of ‘the royals’ provide a source of entertainment that often takes on the characteristics a soap opera For example, the separation of prince Charles and Princess Diana in 1992 was accompanied by vast amounts of discussion far beyond the possible political implication, even in the more ‘serious’ newspaper Moreover, Most of the press has been more the Princes “Will” and “Harry” love lives than in the implications of their roles in Iraq and Afghanistan One’s bum year “The Sun” is Britain most popular daily newspaper The Queen spoke of the year 1992 as an annus horribilis (Latin for ‘a year of horror) The separation of Charles and Diana, it included the fire at Windsor Castle and the news that Australia was intending to become a republic The headline thus mixes the very formal-sounding one with the to imagine that such a disrespectful and unsympathetic headline could have appeared in earlier decades Two king dom? Since 1999, Scotland has had its own parliament, and many people in that country want to complete independence from the UK Most of them not want a republic After 1999, there was talk that Princess Anne, who already has many speacial ties with Scotland, would make Holyroodhouse in Edinburgh, her permanent home and become the Queen’s representative in Scotland and this has not yet occurred VII The future of the Monarchy The British monarchy as an institution has not been a burning issue in British politics for several hundred years There is almost no public debate about the existence of the monarchy itself Very few people in Britain would use ‘monarchist’ or ‘republican/anti monarchist’ as a defining feature of their political belief, not even the minority who would like a republic The British Monarchy However, much debate about what kind of monarchy Britain should have The Queen herself remain popular But various marital problems in her family lowered the prestige of royalty in many people’s eye The Queen between 1985-2015 The change in attitude can be seen by comparing Elizabeth’s twentyfifth anniversary as Queen with her fiftieth anniversary In 1977, there was neighborhood street parties throughout the country, most of them spontaneously and voluntarily organized But in 2002, nothing like this took place But the Queen herself is widely admired Elizabeth 25th anniversary The one aspect of the monarchy about which most people feel consistently negative is how much it costs.In 1992, a fire damaged Windsor Castle, one of the Queen’s favorite homes When the government announced that public money was going to pay for the repairs, the sympathy quickly turned to anger A fire damaged Windsor Castle The Buckingham Palace People continue to believe that the royal family gets too much money The Queen herself is aware of the public perception After the fire at Windsor Castle, parts of Buckingham Palace were opened to public visitors