Vốn xã hội tác động đến việc làm và thu nhập của hộ gia đình (SOCIAL CAPITAL IMPACT ON HOUSEHOLDS EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME)

B TR NGă GIÁO D CăVÀă ÀOăT O IH CM THÀNH PH H CHÍ MINH PH M T N HỊA V N XÃ H I TỄCă NGă N VI C LÀM VÀ THU NH P C A H GIAă ỊNH LU N ÁN TI N S KINH T Thành ph H Chí Minh, tháng 10 n mă2021 B TR NGă GIÁO D CăVÀă ÀOăT O IH CM THÀNH PH H CHÍ MINH PH M T N HỊA V N XÃ H IăTỄCă NGă N VI C LÀM VÀ THU NH P C A H GIAă ỊNH Chuyên ngành: Kinh t h c Mã ngành: 62310105 LU N ÁN TI N S KINH T NG IăH NG D N KHOA H C: PGS.TS NGUY NăV NăPHÚC Thành ph H Chí Minh, tháng 10 n mă2021 ii i L IăCAMă OAN Tôi cam đoan r ng lu n án “V n xã h i tác đ ng đ n vi c làm thu nh p c a h gia đình” nghiên c u c a tơi Ngo i tr nh ng tài li u tham kh o đ c trích d n lu n án này, tơi cam đoan r ng toàn ph n hay nh ng ph n nh c a lu n án ch a t ng đ ho c đ c s d ng đ nh n b ng c p nh ng n i khác Khơng có s n ph m/nghiên c u c a ng án mà không đ c công b i khác đ c s d ng lu n c trích d n theo quy đ nh Lu n án ch a bao gi đ c n p đ nh n b t k b ng c p t i tr đ i h c ho c c s đào t o khác Thành ph H Chí Minh, ngày 04 tháng 10 n m 2021 Ph m T n Hòa ng ii L IăC Mă N Tr c tiên, xin g i l i c m n đ n th y h Nguy n V n Phúc - ng sinh Th y ng i đư t n tình h ng d n c a - PGS.TS ng d n t b c cao h c đ n nghiên c u i g i ý ch đ nghiên c u c ng nh đ nh h ng góp ý cho tơi su t q trình th c hi n đ tài nghiên c u c a Dù công tác b n r n nh ng th y v n dành nhi u th i gian đ h ng d n cho nh ng lúc c n s ch d n Tôi th c s bi t n GS.TS Nguy n Minh Hà, PGS.TS Tr n Ti n Khai, PGS.TS Tr n H u Quang, PGS.TS Nguy n H u D ng, TS Ph m Khánh Nam, TS Hà Minh Trí, TS Lê Th Thanh Loan, TS Nguy n Lê Hoàng Th y T Quyên, TS Nguy n Kim Ph H Chí Minh, Tr c Th y/Cô công tác t i Tr ng ng i h c Kinh t Tp i h c M Tp H Chí Minh đư h tr v m t khoa h c l n tinh th n su t th i gian h c t p nghiên c u c a Tôi xin chân thành c m n T nh y t nh Long An, UBND t nh Long An, C c Th ng kê t nh Long An, S Khoa h c Công ngh t nh Long An, S Lao đ ng – Th ng binh Xư h i t nh Long An lưnh đ o huy n/th /thành ph thu c t nh Long An đư h tr , t o u ki n thu n l i cho thu th p d li u c ng nh t ch c cu c h i th o chuyên gia, th o lu n nhóm q trình th c hi n đ tài Ngồi ra, đ ng nghi p b n bè thân h u c ng đư góp ph n quan tr ng vào s thành cơng q trình h c t p nghiên c u c a Cu i cùng, tơi xin bày t lịng bi t n đ n cha m gia đình đư ln đ ng viên t o u ki n thu n l i đ tơi có th hồn thành lu n án c a Tơi khơng th hồn thành lu n án n u thi u s h tr c a nh ng Th y/Cô, b n bè, đ ng nghi p gia đình M t l n n a, cho phép đ c a đ n Quý v Ph m T n Hòa c bày t lòng bi t n iii TịMăT Tă V n xã h i m t n m ngu n v n sinh k V n xã h i ngu n l c giúp đ m b o sinh k b n v ng Thông qua vi c ti p c n ngu n l c xã h i, cá nhân, h gia đình có th nâng cao thu nh p, c i thi n đ i s ng v t ch t l n tinh th n Lu n án đư l c kh o lý thuy t có liên quan đ n ch đ nghiên c u mà t p trung m t s lý thuy t kinh t có liên quan, k t h p v i lý thuy t v n xã h i Qua l c kh o lý thuy t, tác gi nh n th y v n xã h i ti p c n theo c p đ trung mô (h gia đình) ch a đ m h c nhà nghiên c u quan tâm th c hi n th a đáng i u đư ng ti p c n m i cho lu n án Do đó, lu n án t p trung nghiên c u “v n xã h i tác đ ng đ n vi c làm thu nh p c a h gia đình” nh m l p đ y kho ng tr ng nghiên c u Song song v i l c kh o lý thuy t, lu n án c ng h th ng phân tích nh ng nghiên c u có liên quan m t thi t v i v n xã h i, vi c làm thu nh p c a h gia đình K t qu l c kh o lý thuy t nghiên c u tr c đư giúp lu n án hình thành mơ hình nghiên c u Tuy nhiên, v n xã h i đ s c màu đa khía c nh c nhà nghiên c u nh n đ nh m t b c tranh đa làm rõ mơ hình thang đo nghiên c u, lu n án đư ti n hành thu th p ý ki n chuyên gia Thang đo nghiên c u sau hi u ch nh theo ý ki n chuyên gia B ng h i kh o sát đ huy n/th c a vùng đ c ch n theo ph ng Tháp M c hoàn ch nh cu i đ thu th p d li u t i i ( TM) t nh Long An M u nghiên c u ng pháp ng u nhiên h th ng K t qu thu th p d li u đ t yêu c u 1.197 quan sát K t qu phân tích d li u cho th y, d li u đ m b o đ tin c y, tính đ i di n phù h p v i th c ti n K t qu phân tích mơ hình SEM (CB-SEM) cho th y, h u h t gi thuy t đ đ u đ c ch p nh n, có gi thuy t ch p nh p hồn tồn có gi thuy t ch p nh p m t ph n K t qu nghiên c u đư giúp kh ng đ nh tính đ n lý thuy t “s c m nh c a m i quan h y u” c a Granovertter, lý thuy t “l h ng c u trúc” c a Burt, “lỦ thuy t m ng l i quan h xã h i” Putnam ng th i, k t qu c ng cho th y s phù h p nh t đ nh lý thuy t c a Portes v m t trái c a v n xã h i Lu n án đư hoàn thành t t c m c tiêu nghiên c u đ b ng ph ng pháp nghiêu c u khoa h c K t qu nghiên c u đư giúp gi i t a ph n nh ng tranh lu n iv c a nhà nghiên c u tr c v v n xã h i, c th lo i v n xã h i khác có tác đ ng đ n vi c làm, thu nh p đa d ng hóa thu nh p c a h gia đình khác ng th i, lu n án đư b sung m t s thang đo v n xã h i m i g n v i vi c làm thu nh p c a h gia đình Nh ng thang đo đư đ c ki m ch ng b ng d li u đ l n nên đ m b o tính đ i di n cao C th nh ng thang đo v n xã h i c a h gia đình nh : s thành viên tham gia vào t ch c thành viên tham gia vào t ch c tr xã h i, s ng đình khó kh n (cho m ng, Nhà n c; s i có th h tr h gia n ti n), kho n đóng góp vào ho t đ ng c ng đ ng, ho t đ ng h i nhóm kho n giao t c a h gia đình Ph n l n nh ng thang đo ch a đ c ng d ng nghiên c u tr c Bên c nh đó, đ tài cịn phát hi n s tác đ ng m nh m , tích c c c a đa d ng hóa thu nh p đ n thu nh p c a h gia đình D a vào k t qu nghiên c u, tác gi đư đ xu t nh ng khuy n ngh nh m t ng thu nh p t ng kh n ng đa d ng hóa thu nh p c a h gia đình v i vi c t ng v n xã h i c a cá nhân, h gia đình đ a bàn nghiên c u Lu n án đư hoàn thành m c tiêu đ K t qu nghiên c u đư phát hi n nh ng m m i, đóng góp vào kho tàng khoa h c c ng nh th c ti n Lu n án góp ph n l p đ y kho ng tr ng nghiên c u liên quan đ n v n xã h i, vi c làm, thu nh p đa d ng hóa thu nh p c a h gia đình v ABSTRACT Social capital (SC) is one of the five components of livelihood capital Social capital is a resource that aids in the maintenance of long-term livelihoods Individuals and households can enhance their incomes as well as improve their material and spiritual lives by having easy access to social "resources." The thesis looked at many theories relevant to the research issue, with a particular emphasis on sociological theories It has categorized social capital and systematized theories in order to identify research needs The thesis reveals that social capital, which is conducted in households at the meso-level, has not been appropriately considered by researchers, based on the theoretical review To cover research gaps, it focuses on the study of "social capital affecting employment and household income." The study rigorously assessed the closely linked studies on social capital, employment, and household income in accordance with the theoretical review A tentative analytical framework has been constructed using the findings of the theoretical review and earlier studies (research model proposed at the end of chapter 2) Researchers, on the other hand, see social capital as a vivid and multi-faceted image The thesis surveyed specialists in order to gather their critical viewpoints in order to define the study model and scale Scale based on the judgments of professionals The survey questionnaire was finally completed in order to collect data in districts/towns of Long An province's Dong Thap Muoi region The approach used in the study is systematic randomization, which is a type of probability sampling (classified into stages, detailed in Chapter 3) The data collection yielded a good result of 1,197 (removed 63 survey) The results suggest that the data is accurate, representative, and useful The findings of the SEM model analysis (CB-SEM) demonstrate that the majority of the presented hypotheses, including the fully accepted and partially accepted hypotheses, are accepted The correctness of Granovertter, Burt, Putnam, Alder, and Kwon's social capital theories has been supported by research findings At the same time, such findings suggest that Portes' argument concerning the negative aspects of social capital is accurate vi All three research objectives were met by the thesis The findings of the study have helped to quell several prior debates about social capital, such as whether different categories of social capital have varied effects on household employment, income, and income diversification Simultaneously, numerous additional social capital scales related to employment and household income have been added to the topic These scales have been thoroughly tested and found to be highly representative The number of members participating in Party and State-owned organizations; the number of members participating in socio-political organizations (SOs); the number of people who can support the family in difficult times (lending money); contributions to community activities, group activities, and household transactions are all examples of household social capital scales It's worth noting that most of these scales haven't been used in earlier research In addition, the study discovered that income diversification has a significant and positive impact on household income The researcher has made recommendations based on the findings of the study to enhance income, diversify family income, and increase the social capital of individuals and households in the study region The thesis has met all of its declared goals New elements of research have been uncovered, adding to current scientific and practical knowledge The thesis contributes to filling a research gap in the areas of social capital, employment, income, and household income diversification 175 Hua, X., Yan, J., & Zhang, Y (2017) Evaluating the role of livelihood assets in suitable livelihood strategies: Protocol for anti-poverty policy in the Eastern Tibetan Plateau, China Ecological Indicators, 78, 62-74 Huang, H T., Tsai, C H., & Wang, C F (2012) The relationships among social capital, health promotion, and job satisfaction at hospitals in Taiwan Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 40(7), 1201-1211 Hudson, J (2006) Institutional trust and subjective well being across the EU Kyklos 59:43–62 Hussein, K., & Nelson, J (1998) Sustainable livelihoods and livelihood diversification (No IDS Working Paper 69) Brighton: IDS IDS (1996) Sustainable Rural Livelihoods A Proposal to ESCOR Brighton: Institute of Development Studies IDS (1996) Sustainable Rural Livelihoods A Proposal to ESCOR Brighton: Institute of Development Studies Inaba, Y., Wada, Y., Ichida, Y., & Nishikawa, M (2015) Which part of community social capital is related to life satisfaction and self-rated health? 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tham gia t ch c tr xã h i (TCCTXH - number in political organization) : H gia đình tham gia t ch c ngh nghi p (TCNN number in professional organization) : H gia đình tham gia t... ph i lo i v n xã h i khác tác đ ng đ n thu nh p DH thu nh p c a h gia đình khác nhau? (2) Các lo i v n xã h i có vai trị nh th đ i v i vi c làm, thu nh p DH thu nh p c a h gia đình? (3) Có hay... Thu nh p c a h gia đình (TNBQ/ ng LAN : T ng di n tích đ t s n xu t c a h gia đình (land) NBORM : H gia đình có th m n đ c ti n khó kh n (number for borrow money) : H gia đình tham gia t ch c ng,