TAI LIEU ON THI VAO 10 MON TIENG ANH HAY

Trêng hîp dïng dÊu phÈy víi mÖnh đề quan hệ Ta dùng dấu phẩy với mệnh đề quan hệ khi đại từ, trạng từ quan hệ thay cho danh từ, cụm từ đã đợc xác định Mr Pike, my father, Hanoi, their ba[r]

CHUYÊN ĐỀ I Tenses ( Thời động từ) Present Simple (Hiện đơn) Form a Khẳng định - I, you, we , they + V - He, she , it + V+s / V+es * Notes : - Các động từ kết thúc là sh, ch, ss, o, x thì sang ngôi he, she , it thêm es Eg : I wash  He washes I watch  He watches I go  He goes I miss  He misses - Sau các phụ âm k, p, t s đợc đọc là /s/ - Sau các trờng hợp còn lại s đợc đọc là /z/ - Sau các phụ âm sh, ch, ss, x đuôi es đợc đọc là iz - Những động từ tận cùng là phụ âm + y thì sang ngôi he, she, it y đổi thành i trớc thªm es Eg : I study  He studies - Những động từ tận cùng là nguyên âm + y, biến đổi bình thờng sang ngôi he, she, it Eg: I play, he plays b Phủ định - I, we, you, they don't + V - He, she , it doesn't + V c Nghi vÊn - Do I / you/ we / they + V ? - Does he/ she/ it +V? The use a Diễn tả mức độ thờng xuyên diễn hành động Thờng với always, usually, often , sometimes, occasionally (thØnh tho¶ng), rarely, seldom (hiÕm khi), never, everyday, every week once twice / times a week/ a times month/year mét lÇn hai lÇn n¨m ba lÇn mét tuÇn/ mét th¸ng/ mét Eg : - He usually goes to the cinema - We clean our house everyday - Lan washes clothes twice a week b Diễn tả điều luôn luôn đúng (sự thật), đã đúng khoảng thời gian dài Eg : - Some animals don't eat during winter ( Một vài loài động vật không ăn vào mùa đông) - We are Vietnamese We speak Vietnamese - He works in a bank Exercise 1: Chia động từ ngoặc: They (go) on holiday every winter The days (be) longer in summer She often (talk) to herself Oak trees (grow) very slowly My dog (not eat) vegetables My brother (not like) animals Most people (not like) to visit a doctor In his job she usually (stand) My brother never (go) out in the evening 10 He usually (work) with paints and brushes 11 Do you know anyone who (speak) Italian? 12 At work he usually (sit) all day 13 (you ever work) at the weekend? Exercise 2: §äc ®o¹n v¨n sau, dïng tõ gợi ý đặt câu hỏi và trả lời Hans Huser is a ski-instructor He is Swiss and he lives in Villars, a village in the mountains In summer he works in a sports shop and in winter he teaches skiing He speaks languages : French, German, Italian and English He is married and has two children He plays football with them in his free time He's happy with his family 1/ What / Hans Huser / ? 2/ Where/ he / come / from ? 3/ he / live / city ? 4/ Where / he / work / summer ? 5/ What / / winter ? 6/ How many languages / he / speak ? 7/ he / single ? 8/ How many children / he / have ? 9/ What / he / / free time ? 10/ he / happy / family ? Exercise 3: §äc ®o¹n v¨n sau, ®iÒn mét từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống , sau đó dùng từ gợi ý đặt câu hỏi và trả lời Alan is a lorry -driver He's 25 years He works five days week Every morning he gets up at o'clock He eats enormous breakfast at 6.30 He two cups of tea Then he kisses wife He leaves for work at 7.30 He lunch in a transport cafe He home at o'clock In the evening he goes to the pub He goes to at 10.30 1/ What / Alan / ? 2/ How many days / week / he work ? 3/ What time / he get up ? 4/ he / drink coffee / morning ? 5/ What time he / leave / work ? 6/ Where / he / have lunch ? 7/ he / go cinema / evening ? Present Continuous (HiÖn t¹i tiÕp diÔn) Form a Khẳng định I am You/ We/ They are + V-ing He/ she/ it is b Phủ định S + to be + not + V-ing c Nghi vÊn To be + S + V-ing ? *Notes : - Những động từ kết thúc là nguyên ©m e, tríc thªm ing ta bá e Eg : have  having write  writing - Những động từ âm tiết, nguyên âm, kÕt thóc lµ mét phô ©m, tríc thªm ing ta gấp đôi phụ âm cuối Eg : - sit  sitting - swim  swimming - Các động từ: die, lie, tie biến đổi nh sau: die  dying, lie  lying, tie  tying The use a Diễn tả hành động diễn t¹i, thêng ®i víi at the moment, at present, now ( b©y giê , vµo lóc nµy ) Eg : - I'm cooking at the moment b Diễn tả hành động tơng lai đã đợc xÕp s½n He is meeting his brother at the station tonight (Anh ta đón anh trai nhà ga vào tối nay.) c Thêi hiÖn t¹i TD ®i víi always ta muốn phàn nàn hành động lặp lÆp l¹i Eg : He's always losing his keys (Anh ta luôn đánh chìa khóa) * Notes : Một số động từ không thờng dïng ë d¹ng tiÕp diÔn : be, understand, think (cho r»ng), know, hear, love, like , stop , feel, smell, taste, sound Exercise 1: Chia động từ ngoặc: What's that noise? Somebody (practise) t he piano She (have) a shower at the moment Right now she (run) down a hill I'm looking at that woman, she (wear) a nice dress 'Where is Kate?' 'She (watch) TV in the li ving room.' Don't bother me now I (to work) Take an umbrella It (to rain) - Where's Jim? - He with friends.(to stay) Exercise 2: §äc ®o¹n v¨n sau, dïng tõ gợi ý đặt câu hỏi và trả lời It's a Sunday morning The sun is shining Mary is watching TV in her room Her father is reading newspapers Her mother is cooking in the kitchen Mary has got a dog It is playing with a cat in the garden It's a nice dog and Mary loves it very much 1/ sun / shine ? 2/ What Mary / / now ? 3/ father / read / newspapers ? 4/ What / mother / ? 5/ What / dog / ? 6/ Mary / love / dog ? Exercise 3: §äc l¸ th sau dïng tõ gîi ý đặt câu hỏi và trả lời Dear Tom, Now I'm in Rio I'm staying in a big hotel It's very beautiful but expensive In the morning I usually go to the beach I sometimes go shopping in the afternoon There are a lot of goods but I don't have much money In the evening I usually stay in my room and watch TV At the moment, I'm eating a delicious cake and writing this letter to you Tomorrow I'm going to the Trade Exhibition in the city centre Well, let me stop now, Give my love to everyone Love, Susan Where / Susan / stay ? Where / she / go / morning ? What / she / / evening ? What / she / / at the moment ? Exercise 4: Chia động từ ngoặc đúng thời 1/ Hello, this is Dr Smith's office Who (speak) ? 2/ Hurry up ! The train (come) 3/ It is a lovely day The sun (shine) and the birds (sing) 4/ The Earth (go) round the Sun 5/ Some animals (not eat) during the winter 6/ - What Oanh (do) at the moment ? - She (cook) She usually (cook) dinner for her family 7/ In the evening he often (play) chess with his door neighbour 8/ They (build) a new hospital in my town now 9/ My father always (have) a rest after lunch 10/ She's very lazy She never (wash) the floor 11/ Look at those boys ! They (hurry) home after school 12/ Your mother usually (catch) the 8.10 bus ? 13/ Your sister (wait) for her friend at the station now? 14/ He usually (smile) at his wife when he (come) home 15/ - Mrs Lan (use) the computer now ? - Yes, she usually (use) it for her work 16/ Minh sometimes (miss) his bus 17/ My uncle often (watch) TV in the evening But right now he (write) a letter 18/- They (have) breakfast now ? - No, they (sleep) 19/ My father always (relax) at the weekend 20/ You can't see Tom now He (have) a bath 21/ Tom can't have the newspaper now because his aunt (read) it 22/ I'm busy at the moment I (redecorate) the room 23/ The kettle (boil) now Shall I make the tea ? 24/ I don't want to go out now because it (rain) and I (not have) an umbrella Simple Past (Quá khứ đơn) Form a Khẳng định - §éng tõ cã qui t¾c : V-ed Eg : - work  worked - clean  cleaned * Notes : - Những động từ âm tiết, nguyên ©m, kÕt thóc lµ mét phô ©m th× tríc thêm ed ta gấp đôi phụ âm cuối Eg : -stop  stopped - drop  dropped - Những động từ kết thúc là phụ âm + y , trớc thêm ed ta đổi y thành i Eg : - study - studied - Những động từ kết thúc là nguyên âm + y, biến đổi bình thờng Eg: - play - played - Những động từ kết thúc là e thì thêm d: Eg : - arrive  arrived *Cách đọc đuôi ed : - Đuôi ed đợc đọc là /id/ đứng sau t vµ d : Eg : wanted needed - Đuôi ed đợc đọc là / t / đứng sau k, p, sh, ch, ss, x Eg : - stopped, washed, watched, missed, fixed, cooked - Đuôi ed đợc đọc là d sau các trờng hợp cßn l¹i - §éng tõ bÊt qui t¾c : - see  saw - get  got -  did - have  had - be  was / were b.Phủ định : S + didn't + V c Nghi vÊn : Did + S + V ? The use * Thời quá khứ đơn diễn tả hành động x¶y qu¸ khø cã thêi ®iÓm râ rµng : - yesterday - last night (tèi h«m qua ) week ( tuÇn tríc ) month ( th¸ng tríc ) year ( n¨m tríc ) - days ago (hai ngµy/ tuÇn tríc ®©y) weeks Eg: - We played football yesterday * §i víi when c©u hái vÒ hµnh động quá khứ Eg : - When did you see him ? - I saw him this morning Exercise : Chia động từ ngoặc đúng thời 1/ Minh (be) very tired when I (see) him yesterday 2/ My father usually (work) hours a day, but yesterday he (start) at 9.00 a.m and (finish) at 9.00 p.m 3/ It usually (rain) a lot in summer but it (rain) a little last summer 4/ -When John (leave) home ? -He (leave) minutes ago 5/ What you (do) last Sunday ? - I (have) a holiday in New York Exercise : §äc ®o¹n v¨n sau, dïng tõ gợi ý đặt câu hỏi và trả lời Last year David went to Barcelona for his holiday He went by air and stayed in a big hotel in the city centre He stayed there for days When he was there, he visited many beautiful places in Barcelona He took many photographs and bought a lot of souvenirs for his friends He enjoyed the holiday very much 1/ When / David / go / Barcelona ? 2/ How long / stay ? 3/ How / he / go / Barcelona? 4/ Where / he / stay ? 5/ he / take / a lot / photographs ? 6/ What / he / buy ? Past Continuous (Qu¸ khø tiÕp diÔn) Form a Khẳng định : S + b Phủ định: c Nghi vÊn : ing ? The use was + V-ing were S + wasn't + V-ing weren't Was + S + VWere a Diễn tả hành động diễn mét thêi ®iÓm qu¸ khø Thêng ®i víi at o'clock / at this time yesterday (Vµo lóc giê / thêi ®iÓm nµy ngµy h«m qua ) Eg : - They were swimming at a.m yesterday b Diễn tả hành động diễn quá khứ thì có hành động khác (thời quá khứ đơn) xảy tới Trong các câu này thêng cã While , As (Trong khi), When (Khi, khi) Eg : - While I was going home, I saw an accident (T«i thÊy tai n¹n ®ang vÒ nhµ) As When - Mai was cooking when I came (Khi tôi đến Mai nấu nớng) - When I came Mai was cooking c §i víi all yesterday morning Eg : - They were dancing all yesterday morning (Hä khiªu vò c¶ buæi s¸ng) d While đợc sử dụng câu có hành động thời quá khứ tiếp diễn Eg : While I was reading, my sister was listening to music ( Trong tôi đọc sách thì chị tôi l¹i nghe nh¹c) Exercise : Chia động từ ngoặc đúng thời 1/ When I (arrive) at his house, he still (sleep) 2/ The light (go) out while we (have) dinner 3/ The last time I (see) him, he (wear) a grey suit 4/ Just as I (leave) , a student (stop) me in the hall 5/ Nam (play) football when he (break) his leg 6/ We (drink) a lot of beer at the party the day before yesterday 7/ They (build) a new bridge when I was there months ago 8/ He (sit) in a cafe when I saw him 9/ My company (make) a lot of profits years ago 10/ What you (do) when I phoned you on Monday ? 11/ While the two thieves (argue), someone (steal) their car 12/ When he was a boy at school, Edison (ask) a lot of questions The teacher (think) he was stupid and she (send) him home Edison's mother (teach) her son at home and he (begin) to carry out a lot of experiments 13/ - You (visit) the zoo yesterday ? - Yes, I did When I (go) there, I (see) our teacher 14/ Who (invent) the radio ? Date of teaching: Present Perfect (HiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh) Form a Khẳng định : I / you / we / they have + PII He / she / it has b Phủ định : S haven't + PII + + + hasn't c Nghi vÊn : Have + S + PII ? Has * PII : Ph©n tõ (ph©n tõ qu¸ khø): - Là dạng quá khứ đơn động tõ cã qui t¾c - §éng tõ bÊt qui t¾c : Eg : - go - went - gone - - did - done The use a Diễn tả hành động vừa xảy ra, víi just Eg : - I've just cleaned my house (T«i võa míi lau nhµ) b Diễn tả hành động đã xảy quá khø nhng kh«ng nh¾c tíi thêi ®iÓm x¶y hành động Eg : - I've lost my key (Tôi đã bị ch×a khãa) Kh¸c víi c©u I lost my key yesterday (Tôi đã chìa khóa hôm qua ) c.Diễn tả hành động đã diễn kho¶ng thêi gian vÉn cßn lµ hiÖn t¹i today, this week / month Eg : - Have you seen Lan today ? - No, I haven't - There have been accidents here this month (§· cã tai n¹n ë ®©y vµo th¸ng nµy) d Diễn tả hành động đã xảy quá khø nhng thêi ®iÓm kh«ng râ rµng, ®i víi already (đã rồi), recently, lately (gần ®©y), before (tríc kia) Eg : - He's already done his homework - I've seen this film times before (Tôi đã lần xem phim này trớc đây) e Dïng víi yet (cha, vÉn cha) c©u hỏi và câu phủ định Eg : - Have you met your new teacher yet ? - No, we haven't met her yet f Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu quá khứ và kéo dài đến , với since, for, up to now , so far (cho tíi b©y giê), - for + kho¶ng thêi gian Eg : - My brother has been a doctor for ten years now (Anh tôi đã là bác sĩ đợc 10 n¨m) - since + mèc thêi gian Eg : - We haven't met each other since we left school (Chúng tôi đã không gặp kÓ tõ chóng t«i trêng ) -Up to now / So far we have visited countries in the world (Cho tíi b©y giê chúng tôi đã thăm nớc trên giới.) g Thêi hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh dïng víi ever (đã từng), never (cha bao giờ) - ever với câu hỏi và câu khẳng định Eg : - Have you ever read this book ? ( Cậu đã đọc sách này cha ?) -No, I've never read it (T«i cha đọc nó) - This is the most interesting film I've ever seen.( §©y lµ bé phim hay nhÊt mµ tôi đã xem) h Thêi hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh dïng víi in the past 2/ years/ months ( Trong 2/3 th¸ng/ n¨m qua) for last Eg : -There have been a lot of changes in our town in the last years (§· cã nhiều đổi thay thị trấn chúng tôi n¨m qua) i Thêi hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh dïng víi This is the first, second, third time ( §©y lµ lÇn ®Çu tiªn, lÇn thø hai ) Eg : - This is the first time I've tasted this food (Đây là lần đầu tiên tôi đợc nếm mãn ¨n nµy) = I've never tasted this food before (Tríc ®©y t«i cha bao giê ¨n mãn nµy) k Thêi hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh dïng víi ages for months (đã lâu rồi) a long time Eg : - I haven't seen my sister for ages (§· l©u råi t«i kh«ng gÆp chÞ g¸i t«i) = It's ages since I last saw my sister (§· l©u råi kÓ tõ lÇn cuèi cïng t«i gÆp chÞ g¸i t«i) Exercise : Chia động từ ngoặc đúng thời 1/ My wife and I (be) there several times in the past 2/ We (study) almost every lesson in this book so far 3/ He (visit) his friends recently 4/ - You (see) her today ? - No, I haven't seen her yet 5/ She (do) her homework already 6/ They never (go) to the cinema in their life 7/ Tom, I (not see) you for ages ! Where have you been ? 8/ He is the most kind-hearted man I ever (meet) 9/ There (be) accidents on this street in the past days 10/ Is this the first time you (visit) our beautiful country ? 11/ Scientists (find) cures for many illnesses in the last 50 years 12/ My uncle's health (improve) since he (leave) India 13/ I (buy) a new shirt last week but I (not wear) it yet 14/ I (not see ) Lan since we (leave) school 15/ We just (move) to a new house but we (be) dissatisfied with it Present Perfect Continuous (HiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh tiÕp diÔn) Form a Khẳng định : S + have/ has + been + V-ing b Phủ định : S + haven't / hasn't + been + V-ing c Nghi vÊn : Have / Has + S + been + V-ing ? The use a Thêi hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh tiÕp diÔn diÔn tả hành động quá khứ kÐo dµi liªn tôc cho tíi hiÖn t¹i vµ võa chấm dứt đó Eg : - He's very tired now He has been walking for hours (B©y giê anh Êy rÊt mệt Anh đã tiếng đồng hồ) b Thêi hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh tiÕp diÔn diÔn tả hành động quá khứ kÐo dµi liªn tôc cho tíi hiÖn t¹i vµ cßn diÔn t¬ng lai - I've been waiting for my friend since o'clock He hasn't arrived yet (Tôi đã đợi bạn từ lúc Cậu cha đến) c Thêi hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh tiÕp diÔn dïng ví c©u hái How long, Since when Eg : - How long have you been living here ? (Anh đã sống đây đợc bao lâu ?) - I've been living here for 12 years = I started living here 12 years ago (T«i b¾t ®Çu sèng ë ®©y 12 n¨m tríc ®©y.) Exercise 1: Chia động từ ngoặc đúng thời 1/ - How long you (learn) English ? - I (learn) English for years 2/ - Where is Peter ? - He (be) in his room He (sleep) He (sleep) since o'clock 3/ They (live) here for 20 years now 4/ Look ! Her eyes are red and wet She (cry) 5/ The boy is tired He (run) for two hours 6/ You look tired! Yes I (work) _very hard 7/ Where's the magazine I gave you? What (you do) _ with it? 8/ We (have) the same car for twelve years 9/ This room was white Now it is blue He (paint) _ it 10/ This is the first time I (drive) _ a car Thanks for lending me your car 11/ These shoes are nice and clean (you clean) _ them? 12/ Sorry I'm late (you wait) long? 13/ Somebody (steal) _ my keys They are not on the table 14/ Mary is still watching TV She (watch) _ TV all day 15/ Look! Somebody (spill) wine on the floor Past Perfect (Qu¸ khø hoµn thµnh) Form a Khẳng định : S + had + V(p.p) b Phủ định : S + hadn't + V(p.p) c Nghi vÊn : Had + S + V(p.p) ? The use * Thêi qu¸ khø hoµn thµnh diÔn t¶ hµnh động xảy trớc hành động quá khứ hoÆc mét thêi ®iÓm qu¸ khø kh¸c Thêng ®i víi after, before, when, by the time (cho tíi khi), as soon as ( sau khi) Eg : - After he had done his homework, he went to the cinema ( Sau nã lµm xong bµi tËp, nã ®i xem phim.) = Before he went to the cinema, he had done his homework - When I got there, they had gone home (Khi mà tôi tới đó, họ đã nhà råi.) - When he had sung his song, he sat down (Khi h¸t xong, ngåi xuèng) - By the time we got to the station, the train had already left ( Cho tíi chóng tôi tới ga, tàu đã chạy rồi) Exercise : Chia động từ ngoặc đúng thời 1/ After her husband (get) home, she started to wash the clothes 2/ When they reached France, they (visit) 13 countries 3/ When she (arrive) at his house, she (find) that he (leave) a few minutes before 4/ Before Mr Ron met me, he (do) nothing 5/ Yesterday I was sorry that I (hurt) him 6/ They (tell) her that they (not meet ) her before 7/ When she (realise) her mistakes, she apologised 8/ When I (meet) my cousin weeks ago, he told me that he just (return) from the South SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE ( Thời tơng lai đơn )(will/ shall) Form a Khẳng định S + will / shall + V b Phủ định S + won't / shan't + V c C©u hái Will/ Shall + S + V ? * Notes : - Will đợc dùng với tất các ng«i Shall thêng dïng víi ng«i I , we The use : - Thời tơng lai đơn diễn tả hành động tơng lai đơn Eg : - I'll it tomorow (I'll = I will) ( T«i sÏ lµm viÖc nµy vµo ngµy mai) - He'll come here soon (Ch¼ng mÊy chèc nã sÏ tíi ®©y) - Our exam will be in two weeks (Kú thi cña chóng t«i sÏ diÔn tuÇn n÷a) - They won't help you - Will you buy it ? - Yes, I will/ No, I won't * Will còn đợc sử dụng lời yêu cầu, lêi mêi Eg : - Will you please get it for me ? (Yªu cÇu) - Yes, certainly/ OK / of course - Will you come to my party ? (Lêi mêi) * Will đợc sử dụng đa lời hứa Eg : - I will pay you tomorrow ( T«i sÏ tr¶ cËu vµo ngµy mai) * Shall đợc sử dụng lời gợi ý Eg : - Shall we go to the zoo this afternoon ? ( ChiÒu chóng ta ®i vên thó chø ?) * Shall đợc dùng lời đề nghị giúp đỡ Eg : - Shall I it for you ? ( §Ó t«i gióp cËu nhÐ) NEAR FUTURE (Thêi t¬ng lai gÇn, t¬ng lai dự định (Be going to)) Form a Khẳng định S + be going to + V b Phủ định S + be + not + going to + V c Nghi vÊn Be + S + going to + V ? - Are you going to work in France next month ? - Yes, I am / No, I'm not The use a Diễn tả hành động tơng lai đã lên kế ho¹ch tõ tríc Eg : - He's going to get married next month.(Anh Êy sÏ cíi vî vµo th¸ng sau) b.Diễn tả hành động xảy tơng lai gần Eg : - Look at those clouds ! It's going to rain (Nhìn đám mây kìa ! Trời ma !) * So s¸nh Will vµ Be going to - Be going to hành động tơng lai có dự định Eg : - I'm going to England for my holiday next week - Will hành động tơng lai bất chợt, không đợc dự tính từ trớc Eg : - Our teacher is ill (ThÇy gi¸o bÞ èm đấy) - Is he ? I'll visit him this afternoon (ThÕ µ ? ChiÒu tí sÏ th¨m thÇy ) Exercise 1: Chia động từ ngoặc đúng thời 1/ - Hai has just been taken to hospital with a broken leg - I'm sorry to hear that I (visit) him 2/ Look at those clouds It (rain) 3/ What are you going to with that dress ? - I (shorten) it 4/ I've hired a typerwriter and I (learn) to type 5/ Listen to this ! I think this news (surprise) you 6/ Tom, when you (get) married, this month or next month ? 7/ - What you (do) next week ? - I (visit) my grandparents Exercise for Revision : Chia động từ ngoặc đúng thời 1/ Roy (come) from New York He (live) in California now He (study) marketing He has earned a lot of money and just (buy) a car He (drive) his car to his friend in the countryside yesterday While he (drive) there, he (see) a train accident 2/ Mr Baker (work) as an engineer He (be) an engineer since 1985 He (have) children They (study) abroad now 3/ I never (meet) anyone famous yet Have you ? - Yes, I (have) I (meet) Elton John in New York in 1988 and we (talk) to each other a lot 4/ In the evening I often (play) chess with my door neighbour I (play) chess with him ever since I (come) to live here ten years ago He (be) here all his life He (inherit) the house from his father, another great chess player 5/ Alice (be) 18 years old and she (come) from England She is now in Hanoi and (study) Vietnamese She (arrive) in Hanoi in January, so she (be) there for months Next month she (go) to Hue 6/ When I was young I (want) to be a pilot 7/ Who (you wait) for when I arrived? 8/ - You (see) Jane last night? - Yes She (wear) her new jacket when I saw her 9/ By the time we got to the cinema the film (to start), so we missed the first five minutes10/ When I rang the bell there was no answer The neighbour told me that they (to go out) about half an hour ago BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense: Mr.Tuan always (go) ………………………………… …… to work by bus We (start) ………………………………………………… our new school year last month 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 She (receive) ………………………………………… her pen pal’s letter this morning It (not rain) ……………………………………………… in the dry season Lan (take) ………………………………………… her younger brother to the zoo last Sunday I (live) …………………………………………………… here since I was born They (give) ……………………………………… me the letter a few minutes ago When I saw him, he (sit) ……………………………………………… asleep in a chair What you (do) ………………………………………………… at p.m yesterday? My brother (write) …………………………………………… several plays We (learn) ………………………………………………… English now He (write) ………………………………………………… a long novel at present Why didn’t you listen while I (speak) …………………………………………… to you? Where are you? – I’m upstairs I (have) …………………………………………… a bath You (have) …………………………………………………… breakfast yet? My little sister (drink) ……………………………………………… milk every day The doctor sometimes (return) …………………………………………… home late They (have) …………………………………………… lunch in the cafeteria now 19 They often (thank) ………………………………………… me for what I for them 20 His uncle (teach) ………………………………………… English in our school five years ago 21 They (not go) ………………………………………………… to the movies last Sunday 22 You (find) ……………………………………………… my pen yesterday? 23 The light (go) ………………………… out when we (study) …………………………….our lesson 24 There (be) ……………………………… an English class in this room tomorrow evening 25 They (paint) ………………………………………………… the school gate when we came 26 They (build) ………………………………………… a new school in this area next year 27 My brother (work) …………………………………………… in this factory for many years 28 The children (play) ………………………………………… soccer at o’clock yesterday 29 I (see) ………………………………………………… Nga at the bus stop every morning 30 What you (do) ………………………………………………………… last night? 31 It (be) ……………………….… often hot in the summer 32 My mother went to the supermarket yesterday, but she (not buy) ……… anything 33 Nam and Ba (play) …………………………… soccer at present 34 My family (go) ………………….………… Da Lat next summer 35 I’d like (tell) …………… ………… you something about my family 36 She needs (eat) ………….………… a lot of vegetables and fruit 37 Please don’t make so much noise I (study)…………………………… 38 The water (boil) …………………………… at 100 degrees Celsius 39 Look! Somebody (climb) ……………………up that tree over there 40 I (not see) ……………………………………her since last week 41 How long you (know) ………………………………… Tom? 42 Hoa (burn) ……………………her hand when she (cook) ……………… …… The dinner 43 While we (cross) ……………….….the street, the policeman (shout) ………… …….at us 44 What you (do) ………………………………at this time yesterday? 45 I hope it (not rain) …………………… when we (start) ………………….early tomorrow 46 My sister (play) ………………………the piano since she (be) ………………….a child 47 I (never forget) ……………………….what you (just tell) ………………………….me 48 He (leave) ………….home two weeks ago and we (not hear) ………………from him since 49 She (win) ……………………….the gold medal in 2004 50 While you (play) ………………… the guitar, I (write) …………………….a letter G WISH SENTENCES: - Dùng để diễn tả ước muốn, điều không có thật Hình thức: S + WISH / WISHES + S + V2/Ved / were - Dùng để diễn tả ước muốn, điều không có thật tương lai Hình thức: S + WISH / WISHES + S + WOULD + INF * Ghi chú: “Past Subjunctive” gọi là quá khứ bàng thái và dùng thì quá khứ đơn Với động từ “To be” ta dùng “were” cho tất các chủ ngữ Ex: He wishes he were a doctor I wish I could speak English fluently Baøi taäp: * Write sentences beginning with “I wish…” I don’t have time to study I can’t answer the questions We are not living in London Nga is not here They don’t stay in Da Lat Mai doesn’t know many people in the town I’m sorry I can’t go to the party Her work isn’t going well They will leave France next week 10 I’m sorry he gets up so late 11 It’s a pity we don’t know where we are 12 It’s a pity we haven’t a knife 13 I’m sorry I don’t know where you are staying 14 Nga may make a lot of mistakes 15 My family has to move to Lang Son 16 I’m sorry I can’t help you 17 The students keep talking all the time 18 The tickets are too expensive 19 I’m sorry my friends are poor 20 I speak English badly 21 He can’t swim as well as his friends 22 She has to work on Sunday every week 23 They are afraid of ghosts and monsters 24 I don’t know much about him CHUYÊN ĐỀ II: Adjectives - Adverbs ( TÝnh tõ - Tr¹ng tõ) 1/ So s¸nh vÒ cÊu t¹o Adv = Adj + ly Eg : - quick - quickly (nhanh) - slow - slowly (chËm) - careful - carefully ( cÈn thËn) - bad - badly (kÐm, tåi) * Lu ý : + Những tính từ có tận cùng là y biến đổi nh sau : - happy - happily ( h¹nh phóc, vui vÎ) - easy - easily (dÔ) - lazy - lazily (lêi) + Nh÷ng trêng hîp kh«ng theo qui t¾c : - good - well ( tèt) - fast - fast (nhanh) - late - late (muén) - much - much ( nhiÒu) - hard - hard ( ch¨m chØ) - early - early (sím) - far - far (xa) 2/ So s¸nh vÒ c¸ch sö dông * Adj : + §øng tríc danh tõ (n) : Eg : - He is a careful driver ( Anh Êy lµ mét l¸i xe cÈn thËn) + Đứng sau động từ to be : Eg : - He is careful ( Anh Êy cÈn thËn) * Adv : - Đứng sau động từ thờng : Eg : - He drives carefully.( Anh Êy l¸i xe cÈn thËn) Exercise : Chọn từ đúng số hai từ ngoÆc : John is reading (careful / carefully) He is a (slow / slowly) learner Maria Elena speaks Spanish ( fluently / fluent) Rita plays the violin ( good / well) He was working ( hard / hardly) The sun is ( bright / brightly) today She's a ( fast / fastly ) swimmer You can this exercise (easily/ easy) Exercise : ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau, gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa : Mr Hai is a bad driver  Mr Hai drives She is a careless driver. She Hoa is a fast typist  Hoa Mary dances marvellously  Mary is Celine Dion sings well  Celine Dion is Lien is a good English speaker  Lien speaks Mr Linh is a hard worker  Mr Linh Minh is a fast swimmer  Minh swims My father drives well  My father is 10 He runs quickly  He is 11 Lan is a bad English speaker  Lan speaks 12 Mrs Young is a very slow typist  Mrs Young types 13 My mother cooks well  My mother Exercise : §äc ®o¹n v¨n sau, dïng tõ gợi ý đặt câu hỏi và trả lời: Carol Stuart is a good student She is studying chemistry She can play the piano and the guitar very well She is a very good cook and swimmer She speaks Russian and French perfectly She is beautiful, too Carol / good / bad student ? What / she / study ? How / she / play / piano / guitar ? She / cook / well ? She / swim / well ? How / she / speak Russian / French ? She / beautiful ? CHUYÊN ĐỀ III COMPARISONS ( So s¸nh ) A/ So s¸nh TÝnh tõ I/ So s¸nh ngang b»ng * MÉu c©u : S + to be + as + adj + as + noun (danh tõ) pronoun (đại từ) Eg : - Nam is as quick as Hai - They are as happy as we are us * Lu ý :- Trong câu phủ định ta có thể dïng so thay cho as : Eg : - Mai isn't as tall as her brother = Mai isn't so tall as her brother Exercise : Dùng từ gợi ý để viết câu d¹ng so s¸nh ngang b»ng : Ha Noi / noisy / Ho Chi Minh City Today / cold / yesterday My bag / expensive / his Their house / big / our house I / not / tired / yesterday this pen / good / that one ? Her shoes / cheap / mine II/ Comparative ( So s¸nh h¬n ) 1/ Short adj (TÝnh tõ ng¾n) TÝnh tõ ng¾n lµ tÝnh tõ cã mét ©m tiÕt : Eg : - big, cold, hot, tall MÉu c©u : S + to be + adj + er + than + noun (danh tõ) pronoun (đại từ) Eg : - Hoa is taller than I am = I'm not as tall as Hoa (is) me - It was colder yesterday than (it is) today * Lu ý : + Nh÷ng tÝnh tõ kÕt thóc lµ mét phô ©m, trớc thêm er, phải gấp đôi phụ âm cuèi Eg : - big - bigger - hot - hotter + Nh÷ng tÝnh tõ kÕt thóc lµ e , chØ thªm r : Eg : - large - larger + Nh÷ng tÝnh tõ ©m tiÕt , kÕt thóc lµ y, đợc biến đổi nh sau : Eg : - happy - happier - pretty - prettier (đẹp) - lazy - lazier ( lêi) Exercise 1: Dùng từ gợi ý để viết câu d¹ng so s¸nh h¬n : I / short / my brother Hai Duong / small/ Ha noi His shoes / cheap / mine Russia / big / Canada This exercise / easy / that one this car / fast / yours ? Today / cold / yesterday 2/ Long adj ( TÝnh tõ dµi) TÝnh tõ dµi lµ tÝnh tõ cã ©m tiÕt trë lªn: Eg : tired, expensive, difficult, interesting MÉu c©u : S + to be + more +long adj + than + noun (danh tõ) pronoun (đại từ) Eg : - They are more tired than us = We are not as tired as them - This exercise is more difficult than that one Exercise 2: Dùng từ gợi ý để viết câu d¹ng so s¸nh h¬n : Her shoes / expensive / his Mr Jones / careful / wife Football / popular / table-tennis English / difficult / Chinese ? Spring / pleasant / summer Her car / comfortable / mine His chidren / hard-working / my chidren 3/ Irregular Adj ( BÊt qui t¾c) - good - better - bad - worse - far - farther / further ( xa) - much - more - many - more - little - less ( Ýt) Eg : - His English is better than mine = My English isn't as good as his Exercise 3: Dùng từ gợi ý để viết câu d¹ng so s¸nh h¬n : My friend's bike / good / mine This picture / bad / yours He has / much money / I have My sister / have / many books / me Exercise 4: ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau, gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa : 1/ They were happier yesterday than today  Today they 2/ English isn't so interesting as biology  Biology is / I'm not as good at English as him  He is 4/ His role is more important than mine  My role / My kitchen is bigger than yours  Your kitchen / I haven't got as much money as you  You have / French is more difficult than English  English / Nam isn't so careful as his father  Nam's father / Mai is prettier than her sister  Mai's sister 10 / Hai Duong isn't so noisy as Ha Noi  Ha Noi 11/ My house is smaller than his  His house III/ SUPERLATIVES ( So s¸nh bËc nhÊt ) 1/ Short adj : MÉu c©u : S + to be + the + short adj + est + in / of Eg : - John is the tallest student in his class = No one in his class is taller than John = No one in his class is as tall as John * Lu ý : + Nh÷ng tÝnh tõ kÕt thóc lµ mét phô ©m, trớc thêm est, phải gấp đôi phụ âm cuèi Eg : - big - the biggest - hot - the hottest + Nh÷ng tÝnh tõ kÕt thóc lµ e , chØ thªm st : Eg : - large - largest + Nh÷ng tÝnh tõ ©m tiÕt , kÕt thóc lµ y, đợc biến đổi nh sau : Eg : - happy - happiest - pretty - prettiest - lazy - laziest Long adj : MÉu c©u : S + to be + the + most + long adj + in / of Eg : - Freedom is the most important of all ( Tù lµ quan träng nhÊt sè mäi ®iÒu) = Nothing is more important than freedom Irregular Adj : - good - the best - bad - the worst - many - the most - much - the most - little - the least - far - the farthest/furthest Eg : - Mai is the best student in our class Exercise 1: Dùng từ gợi ý để viết câu d¹ng so s¸nh nhÊt : Russia / large / country/ in the world She / careful pupil / in my class Ronaldinho / good / footballer / in the world Phil / happy / person / we know These shoes / expensive / of all Ho Chi Minh City / big city / in Viet Nam This / interesting film / I / ever / see Hoa / pretty / girl / in her group Mr Pike / generous / person / in my town Exercise 2: Hoµn thµnh c¸c c©u sau theo mÉu Eg : It's a very nice room It's one of the nicest rooms in the hotel 1/ It's a very old castle It's in Britain 2/ She's a very good player She's in the team 3/ It was a very bad experience It was in my life 4/ Nam is a very intelligent student He .in the class Exercise 3: ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau, gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa : 1/ No one in my class is more intelligent than Lan  Lan is 2/ We don't know a happier person than him  He is 3/ Nothing is more interesting than football  Football is 4/ Is this the biggest hat you've got ?  Have you got ? 5/ Everest is higher than any mountains in the world  Everest is 6/ No one in my class is fatter than Minh  Minh is 7/ Mr Ron is the richest man in our town  No one 8/ No one in my group is better at English than Lan  Lan is B/ Comparisons (So s¸nh Tr¹ng tõ) I/ So s¸nh ngang b»ng MÉu c©u : S + V + as + adv + as + noun (danh tõ) pronoun (đại từ) Eg : - Mr Ba works as hard as Mr Lam * Lu ý : Ta cã thÓ thay as b»ng so câu phủ định Eg : - I can't play the piano as well as my sister = I can't play the piano so well as my sister II/ So s¸nh h¬n 1/ Short adverbs (Tr¹ng tõ ng¾n) MÉu c©u : S + V + short adv + er + than + noun (danh từ) / pronoun (đại tõ) Eg : - My brother runs faster than I = I don't run as fast as my brother me Long adv : MÉu c©u : S + V + more + long adv + than + noun (danh tõ) pronoun (đại từ) Eg : - Mr Jones drives more carefully than Mr Smith = Mr Smith doesn't drive as carefully as Mr Jones Irregular adv ( BÊt qui t¾c) Eg : - well - better - badly - worse - much - more - early - earlier - late - later Eg : - Sam can speaks French better than me - Yesterday he drank more than today Exercise : ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau, gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa : 1/ Jane can swim further than I can  I can't 2/ We didn't the test as quickly as Linh  Linh did 3/ Peter can't run as fast as Tim  Tim runs 4/ John speaks French more fluently than I  I cannot 5/- Thuy is a more fluent French speaker than Phong  Thuy speaks French 6/ He plays football better than me  I don't 7/ Mrs Hoa doesn't work as hard as her husband  Mrs Hoa 's husband works 8/ They answered the teacher's question yesterday more intelligently than us  We didn't 9/ Hai couldn't listen to the teacher yesterday as attentively as his friend did  Hai's friend 10/ She runs faster than me  I don't 11/ Thanh works harder now than last year  Last year Thanh 12/ He doesn't understand the lessons as well as last year  Last year he 13/ My sister usually gets up earlier than me  I usually 14/ Yesterday, Mr Pike didn't drink as much as Mr Withe  Yesterday Mr Withe 15/ Tom speaks more persuasively than Bill  Tom is 16/ I don't know as much about it as her  She knows 17/ Mrs La is a slower and more careful driver than I am  La drives 18/ Jane is a better cook than Robert  Robert can't 19/ He didn't arrive as early as we expected  He arrived C/ Mét sè lu ý thªm vÒ c¸c c©u So s¸nh Ta cã thÓ dïng much, (by) far , a lot , a little tríc adj vµ adv c©u so s¸nh để nhấn mạnh Eg : - My bag is much cheaper than my friend's - My father swims far better than me Cã thÓ dïng danh tõ víi c©u so s¸nh Eg : - I have more books than my sister = My sister doesn't have as many books as I have - He has more money than his brother = His brother doesn't have as much money as him Cã thÓ thay danh tõ sè Ýt b»ng that, danh tõ sè nhiÒu b»ng those nÕu ta kh«ng muốn nhắc lại danh từ đó Eg : - The salary of a professor is higher than that of a teacher ( L¬ng cña gi¸o s th× cao h¬n cña gi¸o viªn) (that = the salary) - Classes in the college aren't as difficult as those in the university (Those = classes) Cã thÓ dïng twice (2 times), 3, times c©u so s¸nh ngang b»ng Eg : - His house is twice as big as my house (Nhà anh to gấp đôi nhà t«i) The same as đợc sử dụng dạng so s¸nh ngang b»ng Eg : - Ann's salary is as high as Peter's = Ann's salary is the same as Peter's - Tom is as old as George = Tom is the same age as George (Tom b»ng tuæi George) More and more, better and better, harder and harder, more and more difficult Eg : - His English is getting better and better (TiÕng Anh cña anh Êy ngµy cµng trë lªn tèt h¬n) - These days more and more people are learning English (Ngµy ngµy cµng cã nhiÒu ngêi häc tiÕng Anh) So s¸nh kÐp : MÉu c©u : The + so s¸nh + chñ ng÷ + động từ + the + so sánh + chủ ngữ + động từ Eg : - The more I thought about the plan, the less I like it (Cµng nghÜ vÒ kÕ ho¹ch đó, tôi càng thấy không thích nó) - The warmer the weather (is), the better I feel - The sooner you leave, the earlier you will arrive at your destination ( Bạn càng sớm bạn càng tới đích sớm h¬n) - The younger you are, the easier it is to learn (Chóng ta cµng trÎ th× häc cµng dÔ) Exercise 1: Hoµn thµnh c¸c c©u sau theo mÉu Eg: It's becoming harder and harder to find a job.(hard) 1/ That hole in your pullover is getting (big) 2/ As I waited for my interview, I became (nervous) 3/ As the day went on, the weather got .(bad) 4/ Travelling is becoming (expensive) 5/ Since she has been in Britain, her English has got .(good) Exercise 2: Hoµn thµnh c¸c c©u sau theo mÉu Eg: I like warm weather The warmer the weather , the better I feel (feel) I didn't really like him at first But the more I got to know him, (like) 2/ She had to wait a very long time The longer she waited, (impatient/become) 3/ If you use more electricity, your bill will be higher The more electricity you use, (high) Exercise 3: Chọn từ đúng số các từ đã cho : This car is as expensive as our car a double b twice c much d a lot The harder she works, the money she earns a better b much c more d less The you are, the it is to concentrate a more tired / more hard b more tired/ harder c tired / hard d tired / hardly The she waited, the she became a more long / more impatient b longer / impatient c long / more impatient d longer / more impatient The standard of living in Canada is higher in many countries a than that b as that c than those d as those My boss is very young He's than I am a younger 10 years b 10 years more young c 10 years younger d 10 years young Life in Hai Phong is expensive than that in Hai Duong a a little more b a little much c far much d more a lot What you think about the parks in London ? Are they bigger in Ha Noi ? a than that b than those c as that d as those pollution is being produced nowadays a Much and much b Many and many c Better and better d More and more 10 The you spend learning, your study result will be a much time / the best b more time / the good c more time / the better d better time / the well 11 Is your weight Hoa's a the same as b as the same c the same like d like the same REVISION I/ Rewrite the following sentences 1/ They were more tired yesterday than today  Today they 2/ Mr Hai is a good driver  Mr Hai drives 3/ English isn't so difficult as Maths  Maths is 4/ His brother is not so good at French as him  He is 5/ His role is more important than mine  My role 6/ I can't swim as well as Jane  Jane 7/ No one in my class is noisier than Lan  Lan is 8/ We didn't the test as fast as Linh  Linh did 9/ Peter can't run as far as Tim  Tim runs 10/ My kitchen is smaller than yours  Your kitchen 11/ Phong speaks English more fluently than I  I 12/ She is a dangerous driver  She 13/ Hoa is a careful typist  Hoa 14/ Mary dances marvellously  Mary is 15/ Celine Dion sings wonderfully  Celine Dion is 16/ Lien is a good English speaker  Lien speaks 17/ We don't know a lazier person than her  She is 18/ Nothing is more interesting than football  Football is 19/ I am 20 years old My brother is 40  My brother is twice 20/ Everest is higher than any mountains in the world  Everest is 21/ Minh is the most hard-working in our class  No one 22/ You have more money than us  We 23/ Mr Robinson is the poorest person in our town  No one 24/ No one in my group is better at English than Linh - Linh is 25/ Phong speaks French more fluently than Thuy  Thuy does 26/ He plays football more skilfully than me  I don't 27/ Mrs Hoa doesn't work as hard as her husband  Mrs Hoa 's husband works 28/ He doesn't run as quickly as five years ago  Five years ago he 29/ My sister usually gets up later than me  I don't usually 30/ French is more difficult than English  English 31/ Nam isn't so careless as his brother  Nam's brother 32/ My house is much smaller than his  His house 33/ The streets in Ha Noi aren't as quiet as those in Paris  The streets in Paris 34/ Yesterday, Mr Pike didn't drink as much beer as Mr Withe  Yesterday Mr Withe 35/ Mrs Ha is years younger than Mrs Lanh  Mrs Lanh 36 He hasn't written to his parents for months  The last time 37 I've never been to Scotland before. This is 38 I started learning English years ago  I've 39 The last time I saw him was in 1995  I haven't 40 We haven't seen Ann for ages. It's ages 41 Linda's career as a television presenter began years ago  Linda has been 42 It started to rain at two o'clock. It has 43 Samuel started keeping a diary years ago  Samuel has 44 It is ages since I last saw you  I haven't 45 We last saw him when we were students  We haven't 46 She is the most beautiful girl I've ever met  I've never 47 He hasn't received news from home for two months  The last time II/ Chọn đáp án đúng số A, B, C hoÆc D 1/ Hurry up ! We've been waiting for you What's taking you so long ? - I for an important phone call Go ahead and leave without me A wait B will wait C am waiting 2/ Robert is going to be famous someday He in movies already A has been appearing B had appeared C has ap 3/ "Where's Polly ?"" - "She ." A is in her room B in her room is C studies in he studying studying room 4/ When is Mr Fields planning to retire ? - Soon, I think He here for a long time He'll probably retire either next year or the year after that A worked B had been working C has been workin 5/ Next week when there is a full moon, the ocean tides higher A is being B is C will be 6/ - I once saw a turtle that had wings The turtle flew into the air to catch insects - I it A don't believe B am not believing C didn't beli 7/ My family loves this house It the family home ever since my grandfather built it 60 years ago A was B has been C is 8/ A minor earthquake occured at 2.00a.m on January 3rd Most of the people in the village at the time and didn't even know it had occured until the next morning A slept B had slept C were slee 9/ Would you like to join Linda and me tomorrow ? We visit the Natural Museum A will B are going to C will be 10/ When I came, everyone A has left B had left C left CHUYÊN ĐỀ IV GERUNDS ( Danh động từ ) I/ form V+ ing : swimmimg, having, playing II/ Một số mẫu câu với danh động từ 1/ Danh động từ đóng vai trò là chủ ngữ c©u - Swimming is my hobby (B¬i lµ së thÝch cña t«i) 2/ Danh động từ làm bổ ngữ câu (đứng sau to be) - My hobby is swimming 3/ Danh động từ đợc sử dụng sau giới từ *Mét sè côm tÝnh tõ +giíi tõ + V-ing to be interested in afraid of bored with capable of tired of doing sth used to good at ( giái vÒ) good for ( tèt cho ai, ®iÒu g×) fond of fed up with excited about ( phÊn khÝch) Eg : - I'm afraid of flying - Are you bored with staying at home at weekends ? - He's used to getting up early - Nam is good at learning French *Một số cụm động từ + giới từ - succeed in doing sth thµnh c«ng lµm g× - object to phản đối làm gì - apologise for xin lỗi vì đã làm gì - go on tiÕp tôc lµm g× - keep on cø, tiÕp tôc - give up tõ bá lµm g× Eg : - He succeeded in finding a good job - I object to going out ( Tôi phản đối viÖc t«i ph¶i ngoµi) - I object to his going out (Tôi phản đối viÖc ngoµi) - He apologised (to me) for breaking the glass (Anh ta xin lỗi (tôi) vì đã đánh vỡ c¸i cèc) * Mét sè vÝ dô vÒ c¸c giíi tõ kh¸c : After, before, without, like , for , on Eg : - He left my house without saying good bye ( Anh ta rêi nhµ t«i mµ kh«ng nãi lêi t¹m biÖt) On seeing her mother, she burst out crying = When she saw her mother, she burst into tears ( Khi nh×n thÊy mÑ, nã ßa lªn khãc) - After saying good bye to me, he went back to the college 4/ Danh động từ đợc sử dụng sau số động từ - love doing sth - like - hate - enjoy - begin - start - avoid (tr¸nh) - postpone (tr× ho·n) - mind (ng¹i, phiÒn) - remember (Nhớ đã làm g×) - regret doing sth ( Tiếc đã lµm g×) - prevent sb from doing sth ( Ng¨n c¶n lµm g×) - suggest (gîi ý lµm g×) - consider (suy tÝnh) - deny (chèi bá) - keep (gi÷, tiÕp tôc) - practise (thùc hµnh) - admit (thó nhËn) - finish - stop Eg : - He suggested visiting the museum ( Anh ta gîi ý ®i th¨m viÖn b¶o tµng) - We are considering leaving our village - He kept (on) listening to the radio - I don't mind working hard - Would you mind opening the window ? - You should practise speaking English in class - The bad weather prevented us from having a picnic ( Thêi tiÕt xÊu ng¨n c¶n chóng t«i ®i picnic) - The children enjoy walking in the rain - My father started working here when he was 23 - They stopped laughing when the teacher came in 5/ Danh động từ đợc sử dụng để tạo thµnh danh tõ kÐp : D®tõ + Danh tõ = Danh tõ kÐp Eg: - a reading lamp (đèn đọc sách) = a lamp for reading - a travelling bag ( tói du lÞch) = a bag for travelling 6/Danh động từ đợc sử dụng sau số côm tõ sau - can't stand/ can't bear không thể chịu đựng đợc - can't help / can't resist không thể đừng đợc - look forward to mong muèn - It's no use v« Ých lµm g× - It's no good - There's no point in - It's (not) worth Thật (không ) đáng Eg : -I look forward to hearing from you ( Tôi mong nhận đợc tin cậu) - It's no use waiting for her ( ThËt v« Ých đợi cô ta) There's no point in asking him for money - We can't help laughing when he told his funny story ( Chúng tôi không nhịn đợc cời nghe anh Êy kÓ chuyÖn cêi) - It's worth reading this book (Thật đáng đọc sách này) S + V + possessive adj / object pronoun + Gerund (Chủ ngữ + đ từ + t từ sở hữu/ đại từ tân ngữ + Danh động từ ) - object to one's doing sth (phản đối lµm g×) - insist on one's doing sth (nµi nØ lµm g×) - approve / disapprove of one's doing sth (chÊp nhËn/ kh«ng chÊp nhËn lµm g×) - dislike one's doing sth (kh«ng thÝch lµm g×) Eg : - We object to his/ him coming late (Chúng tôi phản đối đến muén) - I object to working overtime this week (Tôi phản đối việc phải làm việc quá vµo tuÇn nµy) - They insisted on my attending the party ( Họ nài nỉ tôi đến dự tiệc) - She insisted on seeing the manager.= She insisted that she had to see the manager ( Cô ta khăng khăng đòi gặp giám đốc) - His parents disapprove of his marrying that woman (Bố mẹ anh không tán thành anh cới ngời đàn bà đó) - I dislike people criticising me unfairly (T«i ghÐt viÖc mäi ngêi chØ trÝch t«i kh«ng c«ng b»ng) EXERCISES Exercise 1: Provide the correct form of the verbs in brackets 1/ He doesn't enjoy (sit) alone and (do) nothing 2/ My brother (give) up (fish) last year 3/ Please go on (write) I don't mind (wait) 4/ Their children (be) afraid of (walk) on the street at night 5/ Do you mind (turn) off the radio ? 6/ I'm fond of (swim) in the river 7/ She (hate) (get) up early 8/ We are fed up with (eat) the same food everyday 9/ My child is bored with (play) with the same picture 10/ We like (see) people living peacefully 11/Are you interested in (have) dinner with me this afternoon ? 12/ Mr Long loves (watch) football on TV 13/ Nam is used to (stay) up late 14/ There's no point in (ask) him for money He's broke 15/ The bad weather prevented us from (go) on holiday 16/ (Have) a talk with a man like him is really interesting Exercise 2: Use the suggestions to write complete sentences 1/ Lan / enjoy / listen / music 2/ brother/ interested / find / new job 3/ father / tired / work / his factory 4/ father / give up / drink coffee / last month 5/ your sister / fond / go swimming ? 6/ they / bored / talk / their neighbour 7/ I / begin / learn / English / last year 8/ They / stop / argue / when / I / arrive 9/ The workers / start / widen / road / 1999 10/ I can't stand / stay / home all day 11/ He / leave / restaurant / without / pay the bill 12/ They / stop / talk/ when / teacher / come in 13/ Lan / hate / drink milk 14/ I / not mind / work hard 15/ sister / afraid / be at home / alone 16/ We / bored / watch / Vietnamese films / TV 17/ mother / interested / learn / foreign language 18/ favourite pastime / fish 19/ Play chess / not / pastime 20/ I / not used to / work / overtime 21/ Children / fed / with / water / flowers 22/ They / fond / practise English Exercise 3: Fill in the blank with one suitable word 1/ They're bored watching the same programme everyday 2/ His wife is washing the dishes 3/ She enjoys at home on Sunday 4/ I'm in playing the piano 5/ We're fond English 6/ Do you getting the remote control ? Exercise 4: Read the following passage, use the suggestions to make questions and then answer them Mr Smith used to be a worker, but now he is unemployed He is 45 years old It's not easy to start looking for a job at his age He's interested in learning a new skill but nobody wants to train him He's tired of sitting around the house When he was with his factory he was bored with doing the same thing everyday, but now he really enjoys doing a job again He's looking forward to working in a company in the city 1/ Mr Smith / unemployed / now ? 2/ How old / he ? 3/ it / easy / start / look / job / his age ? 4/ What / he interested / ? 5/ anyone / want / train him ? 6/ he / fond / sit/ around / house ? 7/ he / bored / / same thing/ when / he / with / factory ? 8/ he / enjoy / / a job / now ? Exercise 5: Complete the following 1/ I don't mind 2/ He's interested 3/ They enjoy 4/ We are afraid 5/ Are you tired ? Exercise 6: Complete the following 1/ A stick for walking is 2/ A rod for fishing is 3/ A pair of shoes for dancing is 4/ A bag for sleeping is 5/ A bag for traveling is Exercise 7: Read the following passage and the tasks below Fishing is my favourite sport I often fish for hours without catching anything But this does not worry me Some fishermen are unlucky Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish I'm even less lucky I never catch anything, not even old boots After having spent the whole morning on the river, I always go home with an empty bag My friends advise me to give up fishing, but they don't realize one important thing I'm only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all ! Use the suggestions to make questions and then answer them 1/ What / writer's favourite sport ? 2/ he / catch / anything ? 3/ What / unlucky fishermen / catch ? 4/ What / writer / interested / ? Exercise 8: §iÒn vµo chç trèng mét giíi tõ thÝch hîp 1/ Jane is always afraid flying 2/ She's very bad foreign languages 3/ You should drink this It is good keeping fit 4/ They succeeded finding a good job for their children 5/ I object her coming to work late 6/ Are you interested collecting stamps ? 7/ Lan's fond cooking 8/ We're fed up learning philosophy 9/ Mr Kha is used jogging in the morning 10/ My teacher is capable writing articles 11/ The students are bored his lectures 12/ saying good bye to his wife, he left for London 13/ I don't feel working here 14/ He looked angry He left my house saying good bye 15/ She apologised her boyfriend hurting him 16/ My parents approved my going to study at this college 17/ I want to sell my house I'm really tired my neighbour playing music at night 18/ You can't succeed working hard 19/ We can only succeed working hard 20/ Do your parents approve your working for that company ? 21/ They are excited going to see the football match 22/ I find it hard to get used driving on the left 23/ You should turn off the lights leaving the room 24/ seeing her brother, Lan burst out crying Exercise 9: Rewrite the following sentences 1/ Do you mind if I borrow your pen ?  Do you mind ? 2/ "I don't want to walk there alone.", he shouted  He objected to 3/ "Sorry ! I'm late !", she said to me  She apologised 4/ "We don't want you to marry that woman", they said to me  They objected to 5/ Persuading her to come is pointless  It's no use / It's pointless to worry about someone else's problems  There's no point 7/ He tried to escape but the police stopped him  The police prevented him 8/ "I'm sorry that I broke the glass', said Peter  Peter apologised 9/ She doesn't stay up so late  She's not used 10/ It was a bit difficult to get to work this morning  Getting to work CHUYÊN ĐỀ V: Infinitive (§éng tõ nguyªn thÓ) I/ form : TO + V(inf) to work, to play II/ Một số mẫu câu sử dụng với động từ nguyªn thÓ 1/ It + to be + adj + to sth It is dangerous to go out alone at night ( ThËt lµ nguy hiÓm ®i ngoµi mét mình vào ban đêm) 2/ It + to be + adj + for sb + to sth It is necessary for you to learn English ( CËu cÇn ph¶i häc tiÕng Anh) 3/ It + to be + adj + of sb + to sth It is very kind of you to help me ( CËu thËt tèt bông gióp t«i) It was very careless of you to leave the door open last night ( CËu thËt cÈu th¶ để cửa mở tối qua) 4/ S + to be + too (qu¸) + adj + to sth - You are too young to get married (CËu còn quá trẻ để lập gia đình) 5/ S + to be + too + adj + for sb + to - The bag is too heavy for me to carry (Cái túi quá nặng để tôi mang) 6/ S + to be + adj + enough + to sth I'm not strong enough to carry this case (Tôi không đủ khỏe để mang cái va li nµy) 7/ S + to be + adj + enough + for sb +to - The bag isn't light enough for me to carry 8/ S +V + too + adv + for sb + to - The cat ran too fast for the dog to catch 9/ S + V + adv + enough + for sb + to - He doesn't speak slowly enough for us to understand (¤ng Êy kh«ng nãi chËm để chúng tôi hiểu) 10/ S + to be + the first / second to sth - He was the first person to leave the party.( Anh ta lµ ngêi ®Çu tiªn rêi b÷a tiÖc) = He was the first person who left the party Exercise I : Dùng từ gợi ý để viết thµnh c©u hoµn chØnh 1/ It / interesting / have a talk / him 2/ It / unhealthy / live / this / house 3/ It / boring / stay / home / Saturday 4/ It / difficult / speak English well 5/ It / wonderful / have / holiday / Paris 6/ It / important / you / know how to drive 8/ It / easy / her / finish work on time 9/ It / impolite / him / say like that 10/ It / careless / you / leave / umbrella / train yesterday 11/ Mr Hai / too old / apply for that job 12/ Children / too young / join this club 13/ The test / too difficult / us / 14/ house / too expensive / uncle / buy 15/ We / not / rich / buy / car 16/ shoes / not / cheap / me / buy 17/ The task / not / easy enough / us / 18/ The robber / ran / too fast / policeman / catch 19/ They / walking / too slowly / reach the top before night 20/ Mr Ba / not speak clearly / us / understand 21/ She / the last / person / come in 22/ It / careless / you / let / door / open / last night 23/ It / necessary / us / finish/ work / this afternoon Exercise II : ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau, gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa 1/ The man spoke too fast for us to understand  The man didn't 2/ She is very old so she can't dance beautifully  She is too 3/ Your writing is so small that I can't read it  Your writing 4/ To learn English is easy  It is / They think speaking French is difficult  They think 6/ It isn't easy to start looking for a job at his age  Starting / He is very old, so he can't apply for that job  He is too / They ran too fast, so we couldn't catch them  They ran too / She spoke too quickly for me to understand  She didn't 10 / Mrs Hoa was too weak to go to work yesterday  Mrs Hoa wasn't 11/ It is too cold, so we can't go out  It is 12/ He couldn't move the piano because it was too heavy  The piano was 13 / Mrs Hoa was the last person who came to visit him  Mrs Hoa 11/ Động từ nguyên thể đứng sau động tõ to be Eg : His ambition is to become a director ( Tham väng cña «ng Êy lµ trë thµnh gi¸m đốc) 12/ Những động từ theo sau là động từ nguyªn thÓ- agree đồng ý - arrange s¾p xÕp - attempt cè g¾ng - fail thÊt b¹i - neglect l¬ lµ - threaten ®e däa - regret - try - decide - offer - want - seem - plan lËp kÕ ho¹ch - manage xoay së - refuse tõ chèi - remember nhí ph¶i lµm g× Eg : - She agreed to marry that old man - I'll arrange to meet her - They decided to move to Ha Noi - Tom failed to catch the train - I hope to see you again -They offer to the shopping for us - I managed to get out of the car - She promised to wait for him - The kidnappers threatened to kill the child if his parents informed the police ( Bọn bắt cóc dọa giết đứa bé bố mẹ cËu b¸o c¶nh s¸t) 13/ Những động từ theo sau là tân ngữ và động từ nguyên thể - advise sb to sth khuyªn - encourage khuyÕn khÝch - allow cho phÐp - permit cho phÐp - remind nh¾c - warn sb not to sth c¶nh b¸o đừng làm gì - tell sb to / not to sth b¶o lµm g× / kh«ng lµm g× - order lÖnh - persuade thuyÕt phôc - invite mêi - want - force b¾t buéc - ask yªu cÇu - help Eg : - The doctor advised me to morning exercise - I remind Minh to bring the umbrella - They allow their children to watch TV in the evening - My family encouraged me to apply for the job 14/ Những động từ theo sau là tân ngữ và động từ nguyên thể không "to" - make sb sth ( B¾t lµm g× ) - let sb sth - hear sb sth - watch sb sth - see sb sth - have sb sth = get sb to sth (nhê lµm g×) Eg : - Our father made us work hard - Don't let him go out too much - I had my neighbour repair my bike = I got my neighbour to repair my bike - Someone saw him steal the car 15 Những cụm từ theo sau là động từ nguyªn thÓ - to be about to sth ( s¾p söa lµm g×) - to be able to sth ( cã kh¶ n¨ng lµm g×) - / try one's best to sth ( cè g¾ng hÕt søc lµm g×) Eg : - I was about to leave when it started to rain - Try your best ! - She hasn't been able to find a job yet ( Cô ta cha thể tìm đợc công việc) 16 §éng tõ nguyªn thÓ dïng sau but , except (trõ, ngo¹i trõ) Eg : - We can nothing but wait - She does nothing but complain ( C« ta ch¼ng lµm g× ngoµi viÖc kªu ca.) 17 S + V + noun + to sth Eg : - He didn't have a chance to explain - We have a lot of work to EXERCISES Exercise : Rewrite the following sentences 1/ "You'd better morning exercise, Minh", said I  I advised 2/ "I won't lend you any more money !", she said to me  She refused 3/ "Don't hurry !", my mother said to me  My mother told 4/ "Don't go too near the elephant !", his father said to him  His father warned him 5/ "Keep silent !', the teacher said to his pupils  The teacher ordered 6/ "I think you'd better not go to work for a few days, Cathy"  I advised 7/ Finding a good job nowadays is difficult  It's 8/ Lying in the sun is pleasant  It's 9/ "Please don't tell anyone what happened.", Ann said to me  Ann told me 10/ "You'd better not lend her any money, John", said Jack  Jack advised 11/ " I won't let anyone know your address", she said to me  She promised 12/ "Don't forget to order the supplies I need" My boss reminded me  My boss reminded me Exercise 2: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form 1/ Try to avoid (make) him angry 2/ Stop (argue) and start (work) 3/ It's no use (cry) over spilt milk 4/ I suggest (hold) another meeting 5/ He finished (speak) and sat down 6/ It's difficult to get used to (eat) with chopsticks 7/ He warned her (not touch) the wire 8/ I want the boys (grow) up hating violence 9/ We are looking forward to (read) your new book 10/ I advise him (ask) the bus conductor (tell) him where (get) off 11/ After (read) this article you will give up (smoke) 12/ Is there anything here worth (read) ? 13/ She promises (wait) for me 14/ Would you mind (put) your pet snake somewhere else ? 15/ I don't feel like (work); what about (go) to a disco instead? 16/ He taught me how (light) a fire without matches 17/ By (work) day and night he succeeded in (finish) the job in time 18/ The sea was too rough for the children (swim) 20/ He tried (explain) but she refused (listen) 21/ I get tired of (stay) at home for my wife keeps (shout) at me all day 22/ I can't help (sneeze); I caught a cold yesterday from (sit) in a draught 23/ His doctor advised him (take) up (jog) 24/ I regret (inform) you that your application has been refused 25/ People used to (make) fire by (rub) two sticks together 26/ I tried (persuade) him (agree) with my proposal 28/ He hates (answer) the phone, and very often just lets it (ring) 32/ They try their best (make) us (buy) the things we don't need 33/ We object to his (go) out 36/ He was about (leave) when she came 46/ He tried (make) me (believe) that he was my stepbrother 47/ Carol had no difficulty in (make) friends 48/ When she heard the bad news, she burst out (cry) 49/ They left early in order to avoid (get) caught in the traffic 50/ We don't want anybody (know) that we are here 51/ I'm tired of my neighbours (play) their records at full volume at night 52/ Sam was reluctant, but we finally got him (play) his guitar for us 53/ My roommate's handwriting is very bad, so he had me (type) his paper for him last night 54/ (Eat) in restaurant as often as they is very expensive 55/ Marone needs (find) another job Her present company is going out of business 56/ Joan is considering (move) to London 57/ I hope (write) my autobiography before I die 58/ Joy thanked us for (invite) them to dinner 59/ You should plan (arrive) at the stadium early 60/ My lawyer advised me (not say) anything further about the accident 61/ When the university suggested (raise) the tuition again, the student senate protested vigorously 62/ Are we permitted (bring) the guests to the ceremony ? 63/ The city agreed (accept) the architect's proposed design for a new parking garage 64/ She's so impatient ! She can't stand (wait) in line for anything 65/ Ms Thompson is always willing to help, but she doesn't want anyone (call) her at home unless there is an emergency 66/ I made my son (wash) the window before he could go outside to play with his friends 67/ It is always interesting (observe) people in airports while you're waiting for a flight CHUYÊN ĐỀ VI: Present Participles ( Ph©n tõ hiÖn t¹i ) Form : V-ing : working , driving use * Lµm tr¹ng ng÷ c©u Eg : - Driving along the road I saw an accident = When I was driving along the road I saw an accident ( T«i thÊy mét vô tai nạn tôi lái xe trên đờng ) - Fearing that the police would recognize him, he never went out in daylight = As he feared that the police would recognize him, he never went out in daylight (Sî r»ng c¶nh s¸t sÏ nhËn cho nªn h¾n kh«ng bao giê ®i ngoµi vµo ban ngµy) * Nếu muốn nhấn mạnh hành động trớc diễn xong đến hành động thứ ta dïng d¹ng "Having done" Eg : - Having written the letter, I went to post it = When I had written the letter, I went to post it ( Khi đã viết xong th, tôi mang göi) * §îc sö dông mÉu c©u: - waste time doing sth ( l·ng phÝ thêi gian lµm g×) - spend time doing sth (dïng thêi gian lµm g×) - see sb doing ( Nh×n thÊy ®ang lµm g×) - watch sb doing ( Quan s¸t ®ang lµm g×) - keep ( B¾t, gi÷ lµm g×) - catch ( B¾t gÆp ®ang lµm g×) - find ( Ph¸t hiÖn thÊy ®ang lµm g×) - feel sth/ sb doing (C¶m thÊy c¸i g× ®ang diÔn ra/ ®ang lµm g×) - leave sb doing sth (để cho làm gì) - to be busy doing sth (m¶i mª lµm g×) - go shopping, swimming, hunting, fishing Eg : - Don't waste time playing video games - We caught a child climbing over the wall - I saw an old man coming into that house - Don't keep her waiting ! - Mr Whithe wastes time going to the pub - My father spent years working in Hue - They found someone lying under the bed - Do you want to go dancing this afternoon ? B/ Gerund and infinitive instructions Try a.Try to sth ( Cè g¾ng lµm gi) Eg : - You should try to work hard b Try doing sth ( thö lµm g×) Eg : - I decided to try playing hockey ( Tôi định thử chơi môn hockey ) Allow a Allow sb to sth ( Cho phÐp lµm g×) Eg : - They allow their children to watch TV in the evening ( Hä cho phÐp cña hä xem phim vµo buæi tèi) b Allow doing sth ( Cho phÐp lµm g×) Eg : - They don't allow smoking here ( Hä kh«ng cho phÐp hót thuèc ë ®©y) Stop a Stop doing sth ( Dõng lµm g×) Eg : - They stopped playing football when it rained ( Hä ngõng ch¬i bãng trêi ma) b Stop to sth ( Dừng lại để làm viÖc g× kh¸c) Eg : - They felt tired They decided to stop to have some drinks (Hä c¶m thÊy mệt Họ định dừng lại để uống chút gì đó) Regret a Regret to sth ( LÊy lµm tiÕc ph¶i lµm g×) Eg : - I regret to tell / inform you that say that (T«i lÊy lµm tiÕc ph¶i nãi / th«ng b¸o r»ng ) b Regret doing / not doing sth ( Tiếc đã làm / đã không làm gì) Eg : - I regret telling her about that ( Tôi tiếc đã nói với cô ta điều đó) - Mike regretted not working hard before ( Mike thấy tiếc là trớc đây đã kh«ng häc hµnh ch¨m chØ ) Remember a Remember to sth ( Nhí ph¶i lµm g×) Eg : - I didn't remember to lock the door ( T«i kh«ng nhí lµ ph¶i khãa cöa) - He didn't remember to post the letter for me ( Anh Êy kh«ng nhí göi th hé t«i) b Remember doing sth ( Nhớ đã lµm mét viÖc g× råi) Eg : - We remember lending Mr Ba the book ( Chúng tôi nhớ là đã cho ông Ba mîn s¸ch) - I remember his telling me about it ( Tôi nhớ là đã kể cho tôi chuyện đó ) Forget a Forget to sth ( Quªn ph¶i lµm g×) Eg : - She forgot to write to me ( C« ta quªn viÕt th cho t«i) = She didn't remember to write to me ( C« ta kh«ng nhí viÕt th cho t«i) - He forgot to his homework.( Nã quªn lµm bµi tËp) b Forget doing sth ( quên đã làm viÖc g× råi) Eg : - I'll never forget meeting the Queen ( Tôi không quên chuyện đã gÆp N÷ hoµng) EXERCISES Exercise : ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa 1/ "You remembered to phone Mai, didn't you ?"  You didn't 2/ When I was running to the stadium, I met Lan. Running 3/ My mother went to bed early because she felt tired  Feeling 4/ After we left the party, we went straight to the theatre  After 5/ They decided to go home because they had seen that film before  Having 6/ She left the restaurant She didn't pay the bill  She left the restaurant without 7/ Before he lent me the money, my brother had sold his bike  Before 8/ I'm sorry now that I didn't go to university  I regret 9/ "Don't leave the room !", my father said  My father told me Exercise : Cho dạng đúng động từ ngoÆc 1/ Don't forget (lock) the door before (leave) 2/ I regret (inform) you that your application has been refused 3/ I tried (persuade) him (agree) with my proposal 4/ Mrs John : I don't allow (smoke) in my room Mrs Smiths : I don't allow my family (smoke) at all 5/ Oh ! I can feel something (crawl) up my leg It must be an insect 6/ I'll never forget (meet) her in Ha Long Bay 7/ He was about (leave) when she came 8/ When I saw him, he was busy (talk) with his girlfriend 9/ (See) this film before, I turned off the TV 10/ - Do you remember (post) the letter ? - Yes, I I posted it in the letter box near my gate 11/ Did you remember (lock) the door ? - No, I didn't I'd better (go) back and it now 12/ I distinctly remember (pay) him I gave him dollards 13/ Mr Whithe was accused of (leak) information to the press 14/ He wastes time (philander) with the girls in the village 15/ Suddenly (feel) hungry, he (stop) (buy) a bar of chocolate 16/ He tried (make) me (believe) that he was my stepbrother Exercise for Revision 1/ The department store agreed (take) back the damaged radio 2/ Would the doctor mind (spend) some time talking to me after the examination ? 3/ Dan failed (pass) the examination and was quite upset 4/ She expects (deliver) her baby at the new hospital 5/ We dislike (eat) dinner at 9.00 6/ My niece hopes (travel) with me to Disneyland next April 7/ I finally finished (cook) at 7.00 and served dinner 8/ Would you mind (not turn) on the radio until I finish with this phone call ? 9/ Marge's children are used to ( pick up) after school every day They don't have to walk home CHUYÊN ĐỀ VII: So that - Such that ( Quá mà) So that a So + adj + that +clause Eg : - The weather is so nice that we want to go out ( Thời tiết đẹp mà chóng t«i muèn ®i ch¬i) b So + adv + that +clause Eg : He ran so fast that nobody could catch him ( Anh ta chạy nhanh mà không có thể bắt đợc anh ta) = He ran too fast for anyone to catch ( Anh ta chạy quá nhanh để ngời có thể bắt đợc) - She was speaking so fast that we could not understand her ( C« ta nãi qu¸ nhanh mà chúng tôi không thể hiểu đợc) She was speaking too fast for us to understand ( Cô ta nói quá nhanh để chóng t«i hiÓu) c So + much / little + danh tõ kh«ng đếm đợc + that + clause many /few + danh từ đếm đợc Eg: - The Browns had so many children that they formed their own football team - He has so much money that he can buy all the houses in this area Such that * Such + (a/an) + adj + noun + that +mệnh đề Eg : - It is such nice weather that we want to go out = The weather is so nice that we want to go out - Nam is so kind that everyone loves him = Nam is such a kind man that everyone loves him Exercise I : Chọn đáp án đúng số A, B, C vµ D 1/ I was terrified to move A enough B very 2/ She was a good dancer that she won the prize A so B such 3/ He was not fast to win the race A so B too 4/ Lan is rich that she can travel anywhere she likes A so B.too Exercise 2: Fill the gaps with either so or such Charlie's _ a nice boy The sun was out and the birds were singing It was _ a beautiful day in May The movie Shrek is _ good it's unbelievable It was _ a shame you couldn't come to Laura's party C too C too C.enough C very The ending of the film The Mission was _ sad I couldn't help crying Try the cake It's _ delicious I really want you to meet Andy He's _ a funny guy My internet connection is _ slow it's unbearable The La Latina part of Madrid is _ exciting You have to go there 10 Thailand is _ a beautiful country 11 The Thais are so polite It makes _ a change from rude Europeans 12 The summer of 2003 in Spain was _ hot I mean really terrible 13 Petrol and car insurance are _expensive that you are better off using public transport 14 It was _ a relief to finally finish all my exams 15 Moving my website to another server was _ a pain 16 That restaurant makes _ good pizza You have to go 17 There were _ many people at the concert that we couldn't get seats 18 They make _ good goats' cheese in Castilla La Mancha 19 She talks _ much it's exhausting 20 I met _ many nice people in Had Yai in southern Thailand Exercise II : ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa / Nam is such a lazy student that no one wants to help him  Nam is so 2/ The journey was so long that all of them got tired  It was 3/ The man spoke too fast for us to understand  The man spoke 4/ They ran too fast, so we couldn't catch them  They ran so 5/ He couldn't move the piano because it was too heavy  The piano was so 6/ It is too cold, so we can't go out  It is 7/ She spoke too quickly for me to understand  She spoke so 8/ Mrs Hoa was too weak to go to work yesterday  Mrs Hoa was so CHUYÊN ĐỀ VIII: Modals (§éng tõ khuyÕt thiÕu) I/ Can Form * S + can + V * S + can't + V * Can + S + V? The use * Chỉ khả đó biÕt lµm g× ë hiÖn t¹i Eg : - I can swim but I can't sew - Can you speak English ? - Yes, I can / No, I can't * Dïng lêi yªu cÇu lµm g× Eg : - Can you get me the pen ? - Yes, certainly / Sorry, I can't *Dïng lêi xin phÐp lµm g× Eg : - Can I have some more coffee ? ( Tôi có thể xin chút cà phê đợ ?) II/ Could Form *S + Could + V *S + couldn't + V * Could + S + V? The use *Chỉ khả đó biết làm gì qu¸ khø Eg : - I could swim when I was 10 * Dïng lêi yªu cÇu lÞch sù Eg : - Could you tell me the way to the bank please ? ( Nhờ ông giúp đờng tới ngân hàng) * §îc dïng muèn xin phÐp lµm g× Eg : - Could I speak to Mr Baker ? (Tôi có thể nói chuyện với ông Baker đợc kh«ng ?) * So s¸nh gi÷a could vµ was/were able to (cã thÓ) - Could để khả nói chung - was / were able to để khả đó lµm mét viÖc g× mét t×nh huèng cô thÓ Eg : - He could swim when he was 10 - His house got fire yesterday Luckily, he was able to get out of it ( H«m qua nhµ «ng Êy bÞ ch¸y RÊt may là ông ta đã thoát đợc) III/ Must Form *S + must + V *S + mustn't + V * Must + S + V? The use * DiÔn t¶ ®iÒu ch¾c ch¾n x¶y ë hiÖn t¹i Eg : - He's been walking for two hours He must be very tired.( Anh ta đã suốt tiếng đồng hồ Chắc hẳn mÖt) * DiÔn t¶ mét nghÜa vô, ®iÒu cÇn thiÕt ph¶i lµm Eg : - You must work hard ( Anh ph¶i lµm viÖc ch¨m) * So s¸nh gi÷a must vµ have to (ph¶i) - Have to có thể đợc dùng tại, quá khø hoÆc t¬ng lai Eg : - I have to clean the door now - We had to go to Hai Phong yesterday - You 'll have to come here early tomorrow - Must không đợc dùng quá khứ Dïng had to thay must qu¸ khø Eg : - You must go to London now / tomorrow - He had to go to London yesterday - Mustn't sth : Không đợc phép làm g× - Not have to sth : Kh«ng cÇn ph¶i lµm g× Eg : - You mustn't smoke here (C¸c anh không đợc hút thuốc đây) - You don't have to this (Anh kh«ng cÇn ph¶i lµm viÖc nµy) IV/ May ( Cã lÏ) Form *S + may +V *S + mayn't (may not) + V * May + S +V? The use * Dùng để đa pháng ®o¸n Eg : - He may be in his room now ( Cã lÏ anh Êy ®ang ë phßng) = Perhaps he is in his room now Maybe It's possible that - She may be watching TV now ( Cã lÏ c« Êy ®ang xem ti vi) = Perhaps she is watching TV now Maybe It's possible that - He may go to London tomorrow ( Ngµy mai cã thÓ nã sÏ ®i London) = Perhaps he will go to London tomorrow Maybe * Dïng c©u xin phÐp Eg : - May I sit here ? * Dùng lời đề nghị Eg : - May I this for you ? V/ Might Form : *S + might + V *S + mightn't (might not) + V * Might + S + V ? The use Gièng nh c¸ch sö dông cña May VI/ Should ( Nªn) Form *S + should + V *S + shouldn't ( should not) + V * Should + S + V? The use * Dïng lêi khuyªn Eg : - You should drink milk - You shouldn't smoke VII/ Ought to = Should Form *S + ought to +V *S + oughtn't to + V * Ought + S + to + V? The use * C¸ch dïng gièng nh should VIII/ Need (CÇn) Form *S + need + V *S + needn't + V * Need + S + V? The use * DiÔn t¶ ®iÒu cÇn thiÕt ph¶i lµm Eg : - Need I go ? ( T«i cã cÇn ph¶i ®i kh«ng ? ) - Yes, you must / No, you needn't - You needn't go Notes : Khi need là động từ khuyết thiếu, nó thờng đợc dùng với câu hỏi và câu phủ định - Need có thể đợc dùng nh động từ thờng Sau need là động từ nguyên thể (toinfinitive) Eg : - Do I need to go ? - You don't need to go - She needs to go * Cách sử dụng đặc biệt need sth needs doing / to be done ( C¸i g× đó cần đợc làm) Eg : - Your hair needs cutting / to be cut EXERCISES Exercise I : Hãy chọn đáp án đúng sè A.B,C hoÆc D 1/ Mary can to the meeting A come B to come C coming D.come 2/ Jack should harder A studies B to study 3/ The whole team must together to win the game A worked B to work 4/ To stay alive, people breathe oxygen A must/have to B must not 5/ My room is a mess, but I clean it before I go out tonight I can it in the morning A must/have to B must not 6/ You open the door while he's there because the light will ruin the picture A must/have to B must not 7/ John has been working for hours He be very tired A can B may 8/ you please be quiet ? I'm trying to concentrate A Shall B Do 9/ I carry the bag for you ? A Shall B Do 10/ Thanks for lending me the money I pay you back on Friday A can B may 11/ we go on a picnic next Sunday ? A Will B Shall 12/ My granfather was a very clever man He speak languages A could B can 13/ The phone is ringing It be Tom A may/might B must 14/ - My salary is very low - You look for another job A.shall B.may 15/ I have these postcards please ? C C C C C don' C C C C C C C C A.Can B.Do ( C¸ch ®©y vµi phót cã tiÕng næ lín Ch¾c 16/ you like to come to dinner hẳn cậu đã nghe thấy) tomorrow evening ? - He got a bad mark yesterday He must A.Do B.Will have been sad 17/ you tell me how to get to the ( H«m qua bÞ ®iÓm kÐm Ch¾n post-office please ? ch¾n lµ rÊt buån ) A.Do B.Could Can't/ Couldn't have done 18/ To be successful mountain climber, * Diễn tả điều chắn đã không thể you have a great deal of stamina x¶y qu¸ khø A must/ have to B must Eg : - Mr Smith was in Paris not C don't have to yesterday So he can't have stolen your Exercise 2: Fill the gaps with either car don't have to or mustn't in the correct = Surely, he didn't steal your car form - ¤ng Smith ë Paris h«m qua cho nªn Sally! You _ say rude words likech¾c that!ch¾n «ng ta kh«ng thÓ lÊy c¾p chiÕc xe ông đợc Tommy! You _ pick your nose in3 class It'sMight reallyhave disgusting May/ done * DiÔn t¶ ®iÒu cã lÏ đã x¶y qu¸ You _ finish the exercise now You khø.can finish it at home Eg want : - I can't find my sunglasses at James _ go to church if he doesn't to home I may have left them at my You _ drive so aggressively You'll end up someone friend's =killing Perhaps, I left them at my friend's ( T«i kh«ng thÓ ignorant t×m thÊy kÝnh Helen _ make racist comments It makes her seem really Có lẽ tôi đã để quên nhà bạn tôi) May/ Might notit.have done David _ answer your emails There's no law about * Diễn tả điều có lẽ đã không xảy It's OK You _ pay now You cantrong pay me the end of the month qu¸atkhø Eg : me - His wife was not happy this You _ stay out so late without ringing I was worried sick morning He might not have bought her 10 You _ let the cats sleep on my clean shirts.she Look They're covered in hairs the dress loved ( Vî «ng ta s¸ng kh«ng vui Cã lÏ 11 You _ have lunch with my parents notkh«ng forcing you «ngI'm ta đã mua cho bµ ta c¸i v¸y mµ bµ Êy thÝch) 12 I _ forget to phone Granny It's her birthday tomorrow = Perhaps, he didn't buy her the dress Exercise 3: Fill the gaps with need, she loved needn't or should Should have done = Ought to have Remember you _ to take a torchdone and a tin-opener when you go camping * Diễn tả điều lẽ đã nên làm quá You _ go to the shop I've already khø.bought the milk - I didn't go to thepolite cinema last You _ say sorry to your teacherEg for: being late It's only night The film was very interesting I You _ bother washing up I'll doshould it in the morning have gone to see it ( H«m qua t«i kh«ng ®i xem phim Bé phim rÊt hay LÏ She _ go to church if she doesn't to ®i It'sxem not th× obligatory rawant t«i nªn h¬n) Shouldn't have done If you want to pass all your exams, you _ to make a good/ Oughtn't study plan.to have done If there's anything you _ , let me Egknow : - Why didn't you visit your uncle yesterday ? He wanted to see you You _ go and see Granny You know how happy makes You shouln't haveitstayed ather home ( T¹i h«m qua cËu kh«ng ®i th¨m b¸c ? B¸c Cheese and biscuits _ to be kept in tupperware containers; otherwise the cheese goes hard and the biscuits go soft.ấy muốn gặp cậu Lẽ cậu đã không nên ë nhµ) 10 You _ pay now You can payEg me2 next : -week Oh, I feel tired.( T«i c¶m thÊy mÖt) 11 Clare and Simon _ bring their car There's plenty of room for them in - You shouldn't have eaten so much ours ( Cậu lẽ đã không nên ăn quá nhiều) 12 Families _ spend more time talking, instead just watching the telly Needn't haveofdone * DiÔn t¶ ®iÒu lÏ đã không cần phải B/ Modals + Perfect lµm qu¸ khø Infinitive Eg : - I've bought you a hat ( Anh mua Must have done cho em c¸i mò) * Diễn tả điều chắn đã xảy - Oh, you needn't have done that qu¸ khø My father has just bought one for me (LÏ Eg : - There was a big explosion some anh kh«ng cần phải mua Bố em đã minutes ago You must have heard it mua cho em råi) Exercise I : Hãy chọn đáp án đúng sè A.B,C hoÆc D 1/ Ali painted his bedroom black It looks dark and dreary He a different colour a had to choose b should have chosen c must have chosen d could have been choosing When Mr Lee was younger, he work in the garden for hours, but now he has to take frequent rests because he has emphysema a has got to b can c could d should be able Yesterday I to a furniture store I bought a new lamp there a could go b went c could have gone d ought to have gone Jimmy and Marie were mischievous children They tricks on their teachers, which always got them into a lot of trouble a could play b used to play c could have played d may have played - Why are you so sure that Ann didn't commit the crime she's been accused of committing ? -She that crime because I was with her, and we were out of town on that day a may not have committed b couldn't have committed c commited d wasn't supposed to commit Since we have to be there in a hurry, we take a taxi a should b may c are able to d have been used to - It rain this evening Why don't you take an umbrella ? - That's a good idea May I borrow yours ? a had better b could be c might d must 8/ - you hand me that pair of scissors, please ? - Certainly a May b Shall c Will d Should 9/ - Larry drove all night to get here for his sister's wedding He exhausted by the time he arrived - He was a ought to be b could be c must have been d will have been 10/ - You haven't eaten anything since yesterday afternoon You be really hungry ! - I am a might b will c can d must 11/ - I left a cookie on the table, but now it's gone What happened to it ? - I don't know One of the children it a had to eat b should have eaten c may have eaten d could eat 12/ - What does Mr Green for a living ? - Nothing He's very rich He work for a living a must not b shouldn't c doesn't have to d hadn't better 13/ - Why are you so late ? I my aunt to the airport, The traffic was very terrible a could take b should take c had to take d must have taken 14/ - They towed my car away from the executive parkinglot yesterday - You have parked there a may not b should not c must not d might not 15/ - I locked myself out of my apartment I didn't know what to - You your roommate a should have called b would have called c may have called d must have called 16/ - Barbara just told me that she can't go to the meeting tonight - She go ! We need her there for the financial report a has to b have to c must be d needs 17/ - I need some help with this table you lift the other end, please ? a May b Could c Should d Shall Exercise : Rewrite the following sentences 1/ It isn't necessary to shout  You 2/ It wasn't necessary for them to call for help after all  They 3/ There was no need for you to have gone to all that trouble  You 4/ You house needs to be redecorated  Your house 5/ It's possible that he didn't get my letter  He might 6/ You needn't have bought it for me  It wasn't 7/ I'm absolutely sure that they didn't go out in that weather  They can't 8/ "Why didn't you tell me about it yesterday ?"  You should 9/ I'm sure she didn't it on purpose  She can't 10/ It's possible that your car was stolen  Your car 11/ Perhaps Lan went to London  Lan might 12/ It's a pity that you didn't go to see that film at the cinema last night  You should 13/ "It was very careless of you to let the door open last night"- You shouldn't 14/ Perhaps Manh is repairing his bike now. Manh may 15/ Perhaps they have two big houses in the suburb  They 16/ You ought to have reminded me about the meeting yesterday  Why didn't CHUYÊN ĐỀ IX: Passive FORMS ( Câu bị động) I/ OBJECTIVE: By the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to use tenses in passive forms - skills focus on reading and writing II/ TEACHING AIDS: - Teacher: Text book, lesson plan Students: Text book, notebooks III/ CONTENTS QUI TAÉC CHUNG: S+V+O S + BE + V3/ed + (by O) * CÁCH BIẾN ĐỔI CHO TỪNG THÌ: I Present simple tense: (thì hieän taïi ñôn) S+V+O S + is/am/are + V3/ed + (By O) Ex: I see Nga at the bus stop every day Nga is seen at the bus stop (by me) every day II Present progressive tense: (thì hieän taïi tieáp dieãn) S+ V+ O S + is/am/are +being + V3/ed + (By + O) Ex: He is asking me a lot of questions I am being asked a lot of questions III Simple past: (qúa khứ đơn) S+V+O S + Were / Was + V3/ed + (By O) Ex: My mother wrote that letter That letter was written by my mother IV Past progressive: (quá khứ tiếp dieãn) S+ V+ O S + Were/Was +Being + V3/ed + (By O) Ex: She was doing her homework at that time Her homework was being done at that time V Present perfect: (hiện hoàn thaønh) S+V+O S + Have/has + Been + V3/ed + (By O) Ex: She has given me some presents on my birthday I have been given some presents on my birthday VI Model verbs: (will/shall/can/must/have to/ …) S+ V+ O S + Modal verb + BE-inf + V3/ed + (By O) Ex: My friend can answer the questions The questions can be answered by my friend Chuù yù: Các tân ngữ “me, you, him, her, them, us, people, someone, …” ta nên bỏ khỏi câu bị động khoâng muoán neâu roû taùc nhaân Ghi chuù: - Tân ngữ câu bị động ta phải đặt sau phó từ nơi chốn và trước phó từ thời gian - Sau các động từ khiếm khuyết thì động từ “To Be” luôn luôn nguyeân maãu Baøi taäp: Turn into the passive voice: The teacher explains the lesson Mrs Green is cooking the food in the kitchen These boys made that noise People speak English all over the world I gave him back the money last Sunday Nga can’t these exercises quickly They have to pay the bill before the first of the month They will ask you some questions Somebody has locked the box and I can’t open it 10 I want you to this work now 11 He shouldn’t that silly thing 12 Nam does some exercises every day 13 The new teacher teaches English 14 They have not used that machine for ages 15 She has eaten all the eggs *Note: Động từ thường câu chủ động là thì nào thì chuyển câu bị động ta chia động từ to be thì đó II Change into passive forms: 1/ You mustn’t open this parcel until Calen comes 2/ People can recycle tires to make pipes or floor coverig 3/ We should use cloth bags instaed of plastic bags 4/ Do they teach French in this school? 5/ Do they teach French in this school? 6/ They make a lot of beautiful toys from recycled plastic 7/ The wokers clean the streets every day 8/ Do they usually hold the concerts at the university? III/ Một số ví dụ đổi từ câu chủ động sang bị động Bị động Chủ động - Some one takes her to school every week - Some one is taking her to school now - Someone has just taken her to school - Some one took her to school yesterday - Someone was taking her to school at this time yesterday - Someone had taken her to school before I got to her house - Someone will take her to school soon - Someone should take her to school - Someone must take her to school - Someone has to take her to school - Someone used to take her to school when she was young - Someone will continue to take her to school - Someone is going to take her to school - Someone should have taken her to school - We want someone to take her to school - She likes someone taking her to school - She likes people to help her IV/ Một số chú ý đổi từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động - Chuyển tân ngữ câu chủ động thành chủ ngữ câu bị động - Trợ động từ to be câu bị động đợc chia theo ng«i, vµ chia theo thêi cña c©u chủ động - Khi chủ ngữ câu chủ động có tính chÊt chung chung , kh«ng râ rµng ( someone, people, they ) th× chuyển sang câu bị động ta không dùng giíi tõ by - Khi chủ ngữ câu chủ động rõ ràng, đợc nhấn mạnh ( My father, Mr Pike ) thì chuyển sang câu bị động ta phải dïng giíi tõ by Eg: - They built this house in 1990 = This house was built in 1990 - My father built this house in 1990 = This house was built in 1990 by my father Exercise : ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa 1/ They are building a new bridge at the moment  A new bridge 2/ Somebody has taken away some of my books  Some of my books 3/ The chief engineer was instructing all the workers how to use the machines. All the workers 4/ They can't make tea with cold water  Tea 5/ They will hold the meeting before May Day. The meeting 6/ They have to repair the engine of the car. The engine 7/ People spend a lot of money on advertising every year. A lot 8/ The boys broke the windows and took away some pictures  The window 9/ They may use this room for the classroom. This room 10/ Our teacher is going to tell a story. A story 11/ Mary is cutting the cake with a sharp knife  The cake 12/ The children looked at the woman with a red hat  The woman - She had to her hou - She will - She sho - She mus - She has - She used was youn - She will - She is g - She sho - We wan - She like - She like 13/ You mustn't use this machine after 5.30. This machine 14/ Luckily for me, they didn't call my name. Luckily for me, 15/ I knew that they had told him of the meeting  I knew 16/ Nobody has ever treated me with such kindness  I 17/ Do they teach English here ?  Is 18/ Did your teacher give you some exercises ?  Were 19/ Have they changed the window of the laboratory ?  Has 20/ Will the buses bring the children home ?  Will 21/ How can they open this safe ?  How 22/ Why didn't they help him ?  Why 23/ What books are people reading this year ?  What books 24/ Someone should look into the matter  The matter 25/ The police advise drivers to use an alternative rout  Drivers 26/ The bank manager kept me waiting for half an hour  I 27/ He wants someone to take some photographs  He wants 28/ He likes people to call him "sir"  He likes 29/ She hates people looking at her  She 30/ I don't like people making fun of me  I IV/ Một số trờng hợp đổi đặc biệt C©u cã t©n ng÷ - My father gave an English book to me = I was given an English book by my father = An English book was given to me by my father Câu có cách đổi Các động từ sau đợc sử dụng loại c©u nµy nh : say, think, know, believe, report ( th«ng b¸o, b¸o c¸o), consider ( cho r»ng ), acknowledge ( thõa nhËn) Eg1 : - They say that Mr Pike works in a big company C¸ch : - It is said that Mr Pike works in a big company C¸ch : - Mr Pike is said to work in a big company ( Ngêi ta nãi ¤ng Pike lµm viÖc cho mét c«ng ty lín) Eg2 : - They say that Mr Ron is living abroad now C¸ch : - It is said that Mr Ron is living abroad C¸ch2 : - Mr Ron is said to be living abroad now ( Ông Ron đợc ngời ta nói là ®ang sèng ë níc ngoµi) Eg3 : - People believe that Mrs Ha has left her job ( Mäi ngêi nghÜ r»ng Bµ Hµ đã bỏ việc) C¸ch : - It is thought that Mrs Ha has left her job C¸ch : - Mrs Ha is thought to have left her job They didn't mention any names.( Hä kh«ng nh¾c tíi c¸i tªn nµo c¶) = No names were mentioned.( Kh«ng cã cái tên nào đợc nhắc tới) Who wrote this book ? = By whom was this book written ? = Whom was this book written by ? My father lets me watch TV in the evening.( Bố tôi tôi xem TV vào buæi tèi) = I am let watch TV in the evening by my mother Our father made us work hard.( Bè chóng t«i b¾t chóng t«i ph¶i lµm viÖc tÝch cùc) = We were made to work hard by our father They saw him come in ( Họ đã nhìn thÊy ®i vµo ) = He was seen to come in They saw him coming in ( Hä nh×n thÊy ®ang ®i vµo) = He was seen coming in I remember that my father took me to the zoo last month = I remember my father taking me to the zoo last month ( Tôi nhớ là bố tôi đã đa tôi tới vờn thú vµo th¸ng tríc) = I remember being taken to the zoo last month by my father.( Tôi nhớ đã đợc bố ®a tíi vên thó th¸ng tríc ) 10 You should know how to drive ( B¹n cÇn ph¶i biÕt l¸i xe.) - It is your duty to know how to drive = You are supposed to know how to drive Exercise : Rewrite the following sentences 1/ The teacher gave each of us two exercise books  Each 2/ People believe that number 13 is unlucky number  Number 13 3/ People know that English is an international language  English 4/ People think that Jack London's life and writings represent the American love of adventures  Jack London's life and writings 5/ They say that John is the brightest student in the class  John 6/ People think that he has died a natural death  He 7/ They reported that the troops were coming  The troops 8/ People say that he left the town some hours ago  He 9/ People saw Mr Lake steal your car  Mr Lake 10/ We won't let you that silly thing again  You 11/ People here don't make their children work hard  Their children 12/ You need to have your hair cut  Your hair 13/ It's your duty to this work  You 14/ I remember my brother taking me to the park  I remember 15/ They didn't pay me for the work ; they expected me to it for nothing. I 16/ You should have taken these books back to the library  These books 17/ People consider that she is the best singer that Australia has ever produced  She 18/ They will continue to use it. It 19/ Peter objects to people laughing at him  Peter 20/ Who wrote this book ?  By 21/ There is a rumour that the criminal is living in town  The criminal 22/ People saw him climbing over the wall. He 23/ They offered me a job yesterday  A job 24/ Why did no one inform me of the change of the plan ?  Why wasn't ? 25/ Did the idea interest you ?  Were ? 26/ They say that her smile hides a secret. It 27/ They said that the company was losing a lot of money  The company 28/ People think that an apple a day is good for you. An apple 29/ Someone saw them dumping rubbish  They Revision I/ Chọn đáp án đúng số A, B , C hoÆc D 1/ I post that letter for you on my way to the post-office ? A Do B Shall 3/ She had to the shopping for her neighbour, she ? A didn't B hadn't 5/ At half past ten this morning, I along the motorway A had driven B was driving 6/ You talk too loud ! The children are sleeping A.mustn't B don't have to 8/ What have you been doing last Sunday, George ? A after B for 10/ The child asleep when he was playing with his toys A fell B falls II/ ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa 1/ You're the worst guitarist in the world. No one 2/ It was a waste of time writing that letter  You needn't 3/ It is acknowledged that Vietnam had a complete control over SARS from a very early stage of the epidemic  Vietnam is 6/ Ms Quyen began teaching Chinese ten years ago. Ms Quyen has 7/ The robber forced the cashier to hand over the money  The cashier 10/ Everyone believes that he is dead. He 11/ I can't speak English as well as my mother. My mother is 12/ They have been living here for years now  They moved to this house 13/ How long is it since you saw Mary ?  When 4/ It wasn't necessary for you to go into so much trouble on my behalf.You 15/ Why didn't you think of that before ?  You should 16/ It's possible that our men got there unsafe  Our men might 17/ We must something about it  Something 18/ It's the best butter that I've ever eaten. I've never 19/ My legal advisor has told me not to say any more at this moment 20 Eeryone knows that eating fruit is good for your health  Eating fruit 21/ People say that the late Mr John was difficult to work with 22/ The Chinese are believed to have invented the gunpowder. It is C Would 23/ It is thought that the two injured men were repairing high-tension cables. The two C does 24/ Everyone wished they had listened more carefully to the lecture  Everyone regretted C drove 25/ The discovery of new drug is helping the fight against this disease  The fight C needn't C until C had fallen 26/ Need we leave so early ?  Do we ? 27/ I don't believe that you have lost your keys again  You can't 28/ I'm sure you had a good time at the party You must 29/ Perhaps they didn't notice the tire was flat. They might 30/ Why didn't you help your mother when she was ill ?  You should 31/ "Helen, would you like to come to lunch on Sunday ?", said Mary  Mary invited 32/ "Don't forget to buy some milk, Andy", said Clare  Clare reminded 33/ "Make sure you don't take the A20 in the rush hour, Tim", said Jack. Jack warned 34/ "Me ? No, I didn't take Sue's calculator," said Bob  Bob denied 35/ "Why don't you go and see "The Sound of Silence" again, Brian ?", I said  I suggested 36/ He hasn't written to his parents for months now  The last time 37/ I've never been to Scotland before  This is 38/ He started learning French years ago. He has 39/ We haven't seen Ann for ages  It's 40/ I last saw him when I was a student  I 41/ She is the most interesting girl I've ever known  I 've never 42/ John speaks Spanish more fluently than I  I can't 43/ No one in my group dances better than Hoa  Hoa is 44/ I'm not good at English as my sister. My sister 45/ Mr Hai is a slower worker than Mr Chinh  Mr Hai 46/There aren't as many parks in Hanoi as in London  There are III/ Söa lçi sai c¸c c©u sau (Mçi c©u cã mét lçi sai) 1/ Thomas started working for that company for twelve years 2/ It was a great party last night You should come Why didn't you ? 3/ You've been travelling all day You can be very tired 4/ I don't know where Margaret is now She may in her office 5/ Today is Sunday You mustn't get up early 6/ Hello ! Do I speak to Tom please ? 7/ Mr Jack is older years than Mr Pike 8/ If you move quiet, you can see small wild animals in the area 9/ Competitive cyclists must react calm during tournaments IV/ Dùng từ gợi ý để viết thành câu hoµn chØnh 1/ Jack London / life and writing / think / by many / represent / American / love of adventure// 2/ It / know / she / work / foreign company/ now// 3/ It / years / since / I / visit / home village // 4/ James Watt / Scottish scientist / invent / steam engine / years ago 5/ When / rain / you / should / not / out// 6/ A lot / work / / this house / recently CHUYÊN ĐỀ 10: Conditional sentences ( C©u ®iÒu kiÖn) I/ The first condition: (C©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i 1) - Lµ lo¹i c©u chØ t×nh huèng cã thÓ x¶y ë hiÖn t¹i hoÆc t¬ng lai MÉu c©u : Mệnh đề if Hiện đơn S + will/ma S + V(s/es) + O - Mệnh đề If có thể đứng trớc đứng sau - Nếu mệnh đề if đúng trớc thì mệnh đề phải có dấu "," Eg : - If you work hard, you'll pass the exam ( NÕu b¹n häc ch¨m, b¹n sÏ thi đỗ ) - You won't pass the exam if you don't work hard *Notes : - Cã thÓ dïng may, might, should mệnh đề chính tùy theo tình huèng Eg :- If you feel tired, you should go to bed early (NÕu b¹n c¶m thÊy mÖt, b¹n nªn ®i ngñ) - Cã thÓ dïng d¹ng thøc mÖnh lÖnh ë mệnh đề chính Eg : - Please tell him to come to my office if you see him - Hãy bảo đến văn phòng t«i nÕu cËu gÆp - Có thể dùng động từ thời hoàn thành mệnh đề if Eg : - If you have written your letter, I'll post it (NÕu cËu viÕt xong th, tí sÏ göi cho cËu) - If cã thÓ thay b»ng when: Eg : - When the school year finishes, I'll visit my grandparents ( Khi n¨m häc kÕt thóc, tí sÏ ®i th¨m «ng bµ) Exercise : Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form 1/ I (look) for your note book and if I (find) it I (give) you a ring 2/ If he (be) late, we (go) without him Eg : - The weather was bad yesterday I had to stay at home If the weather had been fine yesterday, I would have gone out (Nếu hôm qua trời đẹp, có lẽ tôi đã ch¬i råi) 5/ Tell him to take his bike inside If - If the weather hadn't been bad, I he (leave) it outside, someone (steal) wouldn't have stayed at home it NÕu thêi tiết không xấu, tôi đã không be) ready nhµ (start) _ when everybody arrives Exercise : Put the verbs in brackets Mandy now before it (be) _ too late into the correct form 9/ If he (not know) _ what to 1/ I had no maps; that's why I got lost If I he'll ask his mum (have) a map I (be) all right II/ The second condition: (C©u ®iÒu 2/ The job is much worse than I expected kiÖn lo¹i 2) If I (realise) how awful it was going to be - Lµ lo¹i c©u chØ t×nh huèng kh«ng thÓ I (not accept ) it x¶y ë hiÖn t¹i, tr¸i víi thùc tÕ ë hiÖn 3/ I'm sorry you didn't tell me that dogs Đó là tình giả định were allowed in the hotel; if I (know) I MÉu c©u : (bring) my dog He (enjoy) the walk Mệnh đề if 4/ It rained, which spoiled our picnic; but if it (not rain) it V(inf) (be) a great success Quá khứ đơn S + would/might/could + +atOfirst 5/ I didn't recognize him because S + V(ed/ s.p) + O he was wearing dark glasses; if he (not Eg : - Mrs Hoa is too old, so she can't wear) them I (recognize) him apply for the job If Mrs Hoa were immediately younger, she would/ could apply for the 6/ - Why didn't you phone me from the job ( NÕu bµ Hoa trÎ h¬n, bµ Êy sÏ nép village ? đơn xin việc) - Because there was no phone in the ( To be chia lµ were cho tÊt c¶ c¸c ng«i) village If there (be), of course we - I don't have money now If I had (phone) from there money, I would/ could/ might buy that 7/ We had to stand almost all the way It was house all Tom's fault If he (book) seats, as I told (B©y giê t«i kh«ng cã tiÒn NÕu t«i cã him to, we (have) quite a comfortable tiền, tôi mua ngôi nhà đó) journey - It is raining I have to stay at home If IV/ C©u ®iÒu kiÖn hçn hîp ( + 3) it weren't raining, I wouldn't stay at Lµ c©u chØ t×nh huèng tr¸i víi thùc tÕ ë home hiÖn t¹i vµ qu¸ khø Exercise: Put the verbs in brackets into MÉu c©u : the correct form Mệnh đề if MÖn 1/ If I (win) a big prize in a lottery, I (give) up my job Qu¸ khø hoµn thµnh (had would/m 2/ If I (be) sent to prison, you (visit) me ? done) would/might/ 3/ I (not drink) that wine if I (be) you Eg :- I ate too much this morning Now I 4/ I (get) a job easily if I (have) a degree feel uncomfortable 5/ Of course I'm not going to give her a - S¸ng t«i ¨n qu¸ nhiÒu B©y giê diamond ring If I (give) her, she (sell) it t«i c¶m thÊy khã chÞu 6/ If we (work ) all night we (finish) in - If I hadn't eaten too much this morning, time, but we have no intention of working I wouldn't feel uncomfortable now all night - NÕu s¸ng t«i kh«ng ¨n nhiÒu 7/ Look at poor Tom trying to start his thì bây tôi đã không cảm thấy khó car by hand again If I (be) Tom, I chÞu (get) a new battery - I'm not having a good time now, because I had an accident yesterday him more often if I (live) _ nearer - If I hadn't had an accident yesterday, I u were right, I (agree) with you would be having a good time now _ a lot of money, I would give up my job Exercise : Rewrite the following _ shares in that company if they were cheaper sentences III/ The third condition: (C©u ®iÒu 1/ I'm having a lot of trouble now because kiÖn lo¹i 3) I lost my passport last week  If Lµ lo¹i c©u chØ t×nh huèng tr¸i víi thùc tÕ I qu¸ khø 2/ Lan feels tired now because she ate MÉu c©u : too much this morning  If Mệnh đề if Lan Qu¸ khø hoµn thµnh S + would / might/could + have done + O S + had done + O 3/ If you (come) late, they (not let ) you in 4/ If we (work ) all night we (finish) in time 3/ I'm sick now because I went to the stadium yesterday afternoon  If I 4/ He didn't learn hard at school; that's why he is unemployed now  If he Notes: 1- may/can để cho phép: EX: If you eat all your dinner, you can have a chocolate 2- may/might/ could để khả naêng coù theå xaûy ra: VD: If he doesn’t come soon, he might miss the train 3- can/could để khả năng: EX: If the ice is thick, we can walk across 4- must/ have to để bắt buộc, should/ ought to để lời khuyên gợi ý EX: You must your homework if you want to go out If you want to lose weight, you should exercise I Use the correct tense: The teacher will be very angry if you …………………………… (not do) your homework If he ……………………………… (tell) me, I could help him If you don’t water the flowers, they ………………………………… ……… (die) If you didn’t water the flowers, they ………………………………… ………(die) I ………………………………… …… (come) if I had time If you don’t hurry, you ………………………………… …… (miss) the bus If I …………………………… (be) you, I wouldn’t buy that car He will play tennis if the weather ………………………………… (be) good I would be very happy if she ………………………………… (be) my sister 10 She could win the race if she ………………………………… (try) 11 If he ……………………… (go) to bed early, he will get up early 12 If he touches this wire, he ……………………………… (get) a shock 13 You will get wet if it …………………………… (rain) 14 If I knew, I ………………………………… (come) earlier 15 I wouldn’t say it if I ……………………… (be) you 16 What will you if you ………………………………… (get) a bad mark? 17 If she ………………………… (wear) a necklace, her dress will look better 18 If you go near the dog, it ……………………………… (bite) you 19 Bodrum ……………………… (be) ideal for a holiday if it weren’t so crowded 20 He will be ill if he ……………………… (eat) so much 21 If she …………………………… (read) the book carefully, she will understand it 22 The children can stay up late if they ……………………… (be) good 23 If the dinner isn’t ready, I ……………………………… (go) out 24 We would die if the plane ……………………………… (crash) II Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets in the following sentences: He (not see) ………………………………………………………… his brother recently I can’t go to the movies with you if it (rain) …………………………………………… heavily Lan (take)………………………………………………… to school every day when he was a child Would you mind (show) …………………………………………………… me how to send an e- mail? The “Ao dai” (mention) ………………………………………………………… in poems and songs for centuries What ……………….….your children (do) ………………… when he (come) ………………… yesterday? My car (not repair) …………………………………………………………… yet She (buy) …………………………………………………… …… this house for her son, didn’t she? Where ……………………………………………………… you (go) ……………………….…………….if you have a car? 10 The children prefer (watch) ……………………………………… TV to (read) …………………………………… books 11 She (not live)…………….with her parents She (live) ………………………………………… …alone 12 I (stay)………………with my parents at the moment though I (have) …………………… my own flat 13 Listen! Someone (knock) ……………………………… at the door 14 I hope it (not rain) …………………………………………………… whe n the bride (leave) ……………………………………… 15 What time the bus (leave) ………………… for Dave tomorrow? - It (leave)……………………… at 7.45 16 My father (always worry) ……………………………………………….about us 17 Everything on the Earth (always change) ………………………………………………………… 18 We (have)……………………a small party next Sunday? Would you like (come)………………? 19 Look at that car It ( drive) ………………………too fast It (hit) ……………………………………that cyclist 20.I bought a fishing rod I (go) …………………………………………………… fishing this afternoon 21 My mother (always forget) …………………………………………………………… her umbrella at the supermarket 22 What ……you (do)………tonight?-I don’t know I (probably stay)… ……………home and watch TV 23.I hope I (become) ……………………………………………………………… … a singer one day 24 They (visit) ……………………………………………….me when they (come back) ………………………………………………… 25 He (take part) …………………………………………………………in an important meeting next Saturday 26 A new supermarket ( open ) …………………………………………………………in this town in the future 27 If he (not phone) ……………………………………………………………… ………………us, we won’t tell him the news 28 He (stay)……………….at home if it (rain)………………….tomorrow 29 It’s very cold here You (close) …………… the window for me, please? 30 A: We’ve run out of sugar B: Alright I(go) …………………………………………and buy some 31 The flight to HCM city (leave) ………………….Hanoi at 10 and (arrive)…………………there at 11 32 She sometimes (watch) …………………………………………………… movies on Sunday 33 Look! Our teacher (come) ……………………………………… She (have) ……………………………………………long hair 34 The children (like) ………………………………………………… to play in the park 35 Something (smell) ……………………………………………………good in the kitchen now 36 Thanh prefers (listen) ……………………………………to music to (watch)…………………………………………… TV 37 Tomorrow (be) Sunday, so I (not go) ……………………………………….to school 38 The boys likes (play) ……………………………………games but hate (do) ………………………………………….lesson 39 Would you like (go) ……………………………………………………now or shall we wait till the end? 40 We used (dream)…………………………of a television set when we (be) ………………………………small 41 Would you mind (show) ………………………………me how (send) ……………………………an e-mail 42 If it (rain)……………………………………………… tomorrow, we won’t go on a camping trip 43 If the teacher (give) ………………………………us some homework, we have to stay home and it 44 If her mother (return)……………………… home early, she can cook the meal for the family 45 I (go)…………………………………………………to Lan’s party if she invites me 46 They will pass the exam if they (study)………………………………………………… hard 47 They said that they (will try) …………………………………………………their best to the test 48 The book (just publish) …………………………………………………………by Kim Dong publisher 49 The Brown (travel) ……………………………………………………………to Asia many times 50 The boys wish their team (not lose)………………………………………………… the game 51 The farmers wish it (not rain) ……………………………………………………so heavily this season 52 Ba’s uncle wishes he (get) ………………………………………………………… good crops this year 53 You ever (be)………………………………to India?-Yes I (be) ……………………………………there twice 54 She asked me if I (can) …………………………………………………speak Chinese 55 If he (want)………………………………to become a doctor, he must (study)………………………………hard 56 You should practice (listen) ……………………………………………………………… …to the radio every day 57 Please call me if the bell (ring) …………………………………………………… 58 My father wishes he (take part) …………………………………………………………in the Chess Club 59 English (speak) ……………………………………………………in Viet Nam many years ago 60 You should (do)……………….a lot of grammar exercises if you want (learn)……………English well Conditional sentences ( Mét sè trêng hîp kh¸c) Should đợc dùng câu loại - If you should see him, please tell him to come to me - NÕu cËu nh×n thÊy anh Êy, b¶o anh Êy đến chỗ tôi - If you should see him, please tell him to come to me Dïng should thÊy kh¶ n¨ng Ýt x¶y h¬n Wish ( ¦íc) a ¦íc ®iÒu tr¸i víi thùc tÕ ë hiÖn t¹i S1 + wish + S1 / S2 + did sth / were Eg : - I am old now I wish I were younger - Mr Blake doesn't have a house He wishes he had a big house b ¦íc ®iÒu tr¸i víi thùc tÕ qu¸ khø Eg : - Last night I went to the cinema Now I am tired I wish I hadn't gone to the cinema last night ( Hôm qua tôi đã xem phim B©y giê t«i mÖt T«i íc gi¸ hôm qua mình đừng đi) - He didn't learn hard at school He regrets now Anh ta đã không học chăm còn trêng B©y giê hèi tiÕc = - He wishes he had learned hard = He regrets not having learned / learning hard Anh ta ớc trớc đã học hành chăm * Notes : - Wish có thể đợc dùng nh động từ want : Eg : - I wish to visit my uncle = I want to visit my uncle Exercise : Rewrite the following sentences 1/ I'm afraid I haven't got time to listen to you  I wish 2/ I have to work tomorrow (but I'd like to stay in bed)  I wish 3/ What a pity Mai can't come. I wish 4/ My brother regretted not learning Russian before  My brother wished 5/ I'm sorry that I asked her to stay  Now I wish Unless Thêng dïng c©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i Eg : - If you don't start at once, you'll be late = You'll be late unless you start at once NÕu cËu kh«ng b¾t ®Çu ngay, cËu sÏ bÞ muén (CËu sÏ bÞ muén trõ cËu b¾t ®Çu ngay)  Unless = If not Exercise : Rewrite the following sentences 1/ I'll only help you if you promise to try harder  Unless 2/ The fire will go out if someone doesn't put some more coal on Unless 3/ If you don't take care of those shoes, they won't last for long.Unless 4/ If we don't hurry, the sun will rise before we reach the top  Unless 5/ If it doesn't stop raining, they will cancel the tournament Unless 6/ The child will die if nobody sends for a doctor  Unless Otherwise ( NÕu kh«ng th×) Cã thÓ dïng víi c©u lo¹i 1,2 vµ Eg : - You should start at once; otherwise you'll be late - Anh nªn b¾t ®Çu ngay, nÕu kh«ng anh sÏ bÞ muén Eg : - It is raining now; otherwise I would go out - Trêi ®ang ma, nÕu kh«ng t«i sÏ ®i ch¬i Eg :- Yesterday, I was ill; otherwise I would have gone to Da lat - Hôm qua tôi ốm, không thì tôi đã §µ l¹t råi Or (else) NÕu kh«ng Dïng t¬ng tù nh Otherwise Eg : - Put the jacket on or (else) / otherwise you'll catch a cold - MÆc ¸o vµo nÕu kh«ng sÏ bÞ l¹nh = If you don't put the jacket on, you'll catch a cold If only Thêng dïng víi lo¹i vµ , t¬ng tù nh wish Eg : - We don't have a map If only we had one - Chúng tôi không có đồ Giá mà chóng t«i cã mét c¸i Eg : - I didn't know Lan was here yesterday If only I had known that T«i kh«ng biÕt h«m qua c« ta ë ®©y Giá mà tôi biết điều đó - Có thể đợc dùng nh vế câu điều kiÖn Eg : - If only I were a bit younger, I would apply for that job - Gi¸ mµ t«i trÎ h¬n mét chót, t«i sÏ nộp đơn xin việc But for = If it weren't for sth / sb If it hadn't been NÕu kh«ng v× ®iÒu g× - Thêng dïng víi c©u lo¹i vµ lo¹i Eg1 :- It is very cold But for the weather, we would go on holiday = If it weren't for the weather, we would - Trêi rÊt l¹nh NÕu kh«ngv× thêi tiÕt, chóng t«i sÏ ®i nghØ Eg : - It was very cold yesterday But for the weather, we would have visited our teacher = If it hadn't been for the weather, we would have visited - H«m qua trêi rÊt l¹nh NÕu kh«ng v× thời tiết chúng tôi đã thăm cô giáo Bá if * Trong c©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i : - If I had known he was ill, I'd have visited him = Had I known he was - If he hadn't gone to the cinema last night, he wouldn't have got a bad cold = Had he not gone to * Trong c©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i víi were - If she were younger = Were she younger Exercise : Rewrite the following sentences 1/ It was the goal-keeper who saved the match for us  Had it 2/ The only thing that prevented the passing of the bill was the death of the Prime Minister  Had it 3/ It would have been a superb weekend if it hadn't been for the weather  Had 4/ She can't go camping because of her age  Were she 5/ He did that way because he didn't listen to our advice  Had he In case a In case of sth = If there is sth : NÕu cã c¸i g× Eg : - In case of fire, ring this number = If there is a fire, ring this number - Trong trêng hîp cã ch¸y, h·y gäi sè nµy b In case : Phßng (§éng tõ sau in case dùng thời đơn) Eg :- I'll buy some more cakes in case there are a lot of guests coming to my house tonight T«i sÏ ®i mua thªm mét Ýt b¸nh phßng có nhiều khách đến vào tối 10 Providing ( that) = If : MiÔn lµ, víi ®iÒu kiÖn lµ, nÕu Provided (that) As/ So long as On condition that Eg : - If you promise to return my car early, I'll let you take it -NÕu b¹n høa tr¶ sím, tí sÏ cho b¹n mîn xe = As long as you promise to return my car early, I'll let you take it Provided that Providing that On condition that ( MiÔn lµ b¹n høa tí sÏ ) Exercise : Rewrite the following sentences 1/ If you want my advice, I'd forget about buying a new house  If I 2/ If there's an emergency, ring this number  In case 3/ He spends too much money on his clothes. If I 4/ Minh is overweight because he eats too much chocolate. If Minh 5/ You should take a map with you because you might get lost in the mountains  In case 6/ We won't go on holiday unless we have enough money  If we 7/ "You shouldn't eat too much meat !'  If I 8/ Without her help we would all have died. If it 9/ It's such a pity your sister can't come as well  If only 10/ Keeping calm is the secret of passing your driving test  As long as 11/ I'll lend you the money as long as you promise to pay me back  On condition that 12/ The only thing that prevented the passing of the bill was the death of the Prime Minister  But for 13/ It would have been a superb weekend if it hadn't been for the weather  But for 14/ If we don't hurry, the sun will rise before we reach the top  We should hurry, 15/ What a shame you didn't tell me earlier  If only 16/ She can't go camping because of her age  If 17/ What would you if there was an earthquake ?  Supposing 18/ Lan feels tired now because she ate too much this morning. Lan wouldn't 19/ Pay me back the money, or else I'll tell your mother  If 20/ What a pity Mai can't come  I wish 21/ My sister regretted not working hard before  My sister wished 22/ We should leave now, otherwise we'll be late for the class. If we 23/ I'm sorry that I asked her to stay  Now I wish 24/ He lost his money because he wasn't careful  If he 25/ It was his own fault that he lost his job He was late for work every morning. If he 26/ I only made that mistake because I didn't think  If I 27/ I only bought that dog because my children wanted a pet. If my children 28/ It was overeating that caused his heart attack  If he hadn't 29/ He did that way because he didn't listen to our advice  If he Would rather- Prefer- Have sth done- As if It's time - Used to - Had betterSuggest Had better * Had better sth/ not sth Eg :- You'd better go there alone ( B¹n nên tới đó mình) - You'd better not smoke ( CËu kh«ng nªn hót thuèc) Used to sth - Be/ get used to doing sth * Used to sth ( Thêng lµm g× qu¸ khø) Eg : - I used to play chess when I was at school * Be / Get used to doing sth (Quen víi viÖc lµm g×) Eg : - I get / am used to getting up early now Prefer * Prefer to / doing sth ( ThÝch lµm g× - chØ së thÝch nãi chung) Eg : - I prefer to live / living in the country * Prefer sth to sth ( ThÝch c¸i g× h¬n c¸i g×) - Eg : - She prefers tea to coffee * Prefer doing sth to doing sth ( ThÝch lµm viÖc g× h¬n lµm viÖc g×) Eg : - I prefer playing the guitar to going swimming - Lan prefers playing football to tennis * Would prefer to sth ( Muèn lµm g×) Eg : - I'd prefer to stay at home * Would prefer sb to sth / not to sth ( muốn đó làm gì) Eg : - I 'd prefer you to finish your work by o'clock Would rather * Would rather sth than sth ( ThÝch lµm g× h¬n lµm g× ) Eg : - I'd rather read books than watch TV - We'd rather play the piano than the guitar * Would rather sth ( Muèn lµm g×) not sth ( Kh«ng muèn lµm g×) Eg : - We'd rather stay at home - George would rather not go out * Would rather S did sth / didn't sth ( Muèn lµm g× / Kh«ng muèn lµm g× - Tr¸i víi thùc tÕ ë hiÖn t¹i) Eg : - I'd rather you stopped smoking now - I'd rather you didn't smoke * Would rather S had done sth / hadn't done sth Eg : - I'd rather you had come here yesterday ( T«i muèn h«m qua cËu tíi ®©y) - You didn't come here yesterday (Thùc tế là cậu đã không tới) - I'd rather she hadn't said that ( T«i muốn là cô ta đã không nói điều đó.) - She said that (Thực tế là cô ta đã nói) Exercise : Rewrite the following sentences We'd prefer you not to smoke  We'd rather He would prefer you to pay him immediately  He'd rather No, please don't tell her  I'd rather Would you mind not smoking here ?  I'd rather I prefer staying at home to going out  I'd rather I don't really want to have lunch yet  I'd rather I'd prefer you to deliver the sofa on Friday  I would rather She prefers Italian food to French food  She'd I'd rather go out for a meal than stay at home  I prefer 11 I'd rather not see him tomorrow  I don't 12 He prefers golf to tennis  He'd rather 13 I don't really want to visit the museum  I'd rather 14 I'd rather you started work next week  I'd prefer 15 Please don't go there  I'd 16 I don't feel like spreading another day at the beach  I 'd rather 17 I'd rather you didn't phone me at work  I'd prefer 18 We'd rather you didn't smoke  We'd prefer 19 She doesn't usually stay up so late  She's not used 20 It's not a habit of mine to sleep in the afternoon  I'm Exercise : Correct the mistakes in the following sentences ( Each sentence has one mistake) I would rather don't go out with him I 'd rather you spend less money on clothes I 'd rather you didn't come here yesterday You'd better don't smoke here He's not used to work overtime It's time * It's time to sth ( Đã đến làm gì) Eg : - It's time to go home now * It's time for sb to sth ( Đã đến ph¶i lµm g×) - Eg : - It's time for us to go home now * It's ( about / high) time sb did sth ( §· đến lúc phải làm gì) Eg : - It's 10 o'clock now It's time he got up ( Bây đã 10 Đã đến lúc ph¶i dËy) - You are too lazy It's about time you worked hard As if / as though * As if / as though víi nghÜa cã vÎ nh Eg : - She looks as if she is tired ( C« ta tr«ng cã vÎ mÖt mái) = Perhaps she is tired - It looks as if it's going to rain ( Cã vÎ nh trêi s¾p ma) * As if / as though víi nghÜa nh thÓ lµ ( ChØ t×nh huèng tr¸i víi thùc tÕ ë hiÖn t¹i hoÆc t¬ng lai) Eg : - Mr John talks as if he was / were rich ( ¤ng John nãi chuyÖn cø nh lµ «ng ta giµu cã l¾m) He's not rich ( Thùc tÕ «ng ta kh«ng giµu) - She talks as if she knew everything (C« ta nãi chuyÖn cø nh thÓ lµ c« ta biÕt mäi thø ) - She knows nothing (thùc tÕ c« ta kh«ng biÕt g×) - Mrs Young feels as if she was sitting on the fire ( Bµ Young c¶m thÊy nh ®ang ngåi trªn löa) - He looked as though he had seen a ghost (Nom ông ta nh đã nhìn thấy ma råi) Exercise : Rewrite the following sentences I think the City Council should something about the city's traffic problems  It's high time 2.The house seemed to have been unoccupied for several years  It looked as if The children should start doing their homework now  It is time Fares will be likely to go up again this summer  It looks as if I really think you ought to acquire a few manners  It's high time You really should be able to dress yourself by now  It's high We'd better buy a new cooker  It's I had better get back to work  It's I think it may rain  It looks Exercise : Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form I want (talk) to the person who broke that cup We prefer (listen) to music to (watch) TV It's about time Tom (pay) attention to his clothes It's time for him (go) down Brian is a terrible driver He drives as if he (be) the only driver on the road 6.I don't like Mrs White She talks as if she (know) everything Do you hear that music next door ? It sounds as if they (have) a party Mr Ha had never been to Paris, but he talked as if he (be) there once Exercise : Correct the mistakes in the following sentences ( Each sentence has one mistake) It's time they fly to Bermuda I would rather don't go out with him I 'd rather you don't drink beer He looks at me as though I am from another planet I 'd rather you came here yesterday Have / Get sth done ( Nhê lµm c«ng viÖc g×) Eg : - The garage repaired the car for us yesterday = We had / got the car repaired ( by the garage) yesterday - They are going to deliver the milk to me = I'm going to have/ get the milk delivered Exercise : Rewrite the following sentences He is getting someone to mend the windows  He's having The garage is going to repair the car for us next week  We are going Somebody repaired her car yesterday  She Mr Brown washed the walls for me yesterday  I had All his suits were made in Paris. He They are going to tune my piano tomorrow. I'm Become/ feel/ get / keep/ taste / seem / sound / smell / look+ adj * Eg : - He became angry when he heard the news - We feel tired now - It's getting dark - Keep calm ! - This cake tastes good - They seemed bored with what I was talking * Make / Find sb/ sth + adj Eg : - That film made us tired ( Bé phim lµm chóng t«i mÖt mái) - I find this book interesting ( T«i thÊy cuèn s¸ch nµy hay) * S + find + it + adj + to sth Eg : My father found it easy to repair the bike.( Bố tôi thấy dễ sửa xe đạp) Exercise : Rewrite the following sentences It's extremely difficult for us to make ends meet these days  We find It is increasingly difficult for me to read without my glasses  I am finding 3/ I wasn't interested in the film, so I turned TV off  I didn't find I'm always nervous when I travel by air  Travelling Exercise : Correct the mistakes in the following sentences ( Each sentence has one mistake) 1/ My father looked angrily when he saw what I'd done 2/ My friend finds driving on the left difficulty 3/ You shouldn't drink this milk It smells terribly 4/ When I met Jim yesterday, he seemed anxiously Suggest ( Gîi ý) * Suggest doing sth ( Gîi ý lµm g×) Eg : - My brother suggested painting the house green * Suggest (that) S ( should ) sth ( Gîi ý đó nên làm gì) Eg : - They suggested that I should apply for that job ( Họ gợi ý là tôi nên nộp đơn xin viÖc) - I suggest to my cousin that he should marry that womanT«i gîi ý cho anh hä cña m×nh nên cới cô đó) - Lu ý : - I suggest that you apologise to her ( Kh«ng dïng should lêi gîi ý trùc tiÕp) ( T«i gîi ý lµ cËu nªn xin lçi c« Êy) Exercise: Rewrite the following sentences The doctor advised me to rest  The doctor suggested " Why don't you put a better lock on the door, Bang ?", said John  John suggested you don't want Sally to be angry with you, I suggest you apologise. You'd 4." Why don't you put your luggage under the seat ?"- He asked me. He suggested "Let's invite the Browns to the party on Sunday", he said. He suggested saw has seen will see is going to see can see 2, Một số thay đổi khác: Trạng từ thời gian, nơi chốn, đại từ định, tính từ sở hữu today  that day tonight  that night tomorrow  the next day/ the following day yesterday  the day before/ the previous day, ago  before now  then next/ on tuesday  the next/ following tuesday last  the previous / before the day after tomorrow  days later/ in days' time this  that these  those here  there Exercise 1: Chọn từ, cụm từ đúng số a,b vµ c Agnes "I love aikido." Michael: "Agnes said (that) she _ aikido." a loved b loves c loving Magda: "I went skiing." John: "Magda said (that) she _ skiing." CHUYÊN ĐỀ XI: Reported a went b had Speech gone c have gone (C©u gi¸n tiÕp) Simon: "I will eat pierogi for dinner." * Use: C©u têng thuËt lµ thuËt l¹i mét Kate: "Simon said (that) he _ eat pierogi c¸ch gi¸n tiÕp lêi cña ngêi kh¸c for dinner." * Những biến đổi đổi từ câu trực tiếp a willing b will sang gi¸n tiÕp c would 1, Thay đổi thì: ( Động từ chính lùi Maria: "I have been to Gdansk." qu¸ khø mét th×) Donata: "Maria said (that) she _ to DIRECT REPORTED Will/ shall Would/ should Gdansk." a had been b has  been c was being Simple present Simple past Peter: "I have had three cars."  Simon: Am/ is/ are + going to + V(inf) Was/ were + going to +"Peter V(inf)said (that) she _ threeb.cars a has has  had c had had Present progressive Present progressive Victoria: "I'm going to go to Poznan."  John: "Victoria said (that) she _ going to Past continuous Past perfect continuous go to Poznan."  a is b was Past simple Past perfect c went  Anna: "I don't like coffee." Present perfect Past perfect Eric: "Anna said (that) she _ like coffee."  a doesn't b don't Must Had to c didn't  Roman: "I have never been to London." Can Could Alicja: "Roman said (that) he _ never been  to London." May Might a had b has  c have Joanna: "I was swimming." DIRECT Simon: "Joanna said (that) she _ swimming is seeing a has been b had sees been c have been saw/had s had seen would see was going could see 10 Hania: "I had a cat." Ela: Hania said (that) she had _ a cat." Form: S1 a have b has c had 11 Simon: "I can't swim." Donata: "Simon said (that) she _ swim." a can't b couldn't c can not 12 Jacek: "I won't buy a new car." Kasia: "Jacek said (that) she _ by a new car." a won't b will c wouldn't Exercise 2: ChuyÓn c¸c c©u sau sang gi¸n tiÕp "It's raining," she said He said to her, "I love you." "I saw Maria in the supermarket yesterday," said Carlos "We've lived here for three years," he said "I'll bring a pasta salad," said Francesca "Mark's going to install solar panels," said Miranda "They found gold here," said the geology teacher "Jenny can't speak French," said Pierre "I first met my wife in Seville," he told us 10 "I want your homework handed in by tomorrow," he said * Reported Speech for Questions + "Are you happy, Carla?" asked Bob  Bob asked Carla if/whether she was happy + "Where's your director ?", asked the customer  The customer asked me where my director was *Reported Speech for Questions: S1 + asked wanted to know wondered + if whether Exercise: Convert the questions below into reported speech "Can they play the piano?" she asked "Has Sarah ever been to Siena?" he asked 3."Are they French or Canadian?," asked Charlie 4."Where bears live?" asked George 5."Who wants some more yoghurt ice cream?" asked Mum 6."Are we going out tonight?" asked Bob 7."Can I use your mobile, John?" asked Sarah 8."Have you ever been to Lisbon?" Luis asked Paul 9."What has Daddy made for dinner?" asked Simon 10."Is the Pope a Catholic," asked JK 11."Who won the match?" asked Monica 12."Have you fed the cat yet, Philip?" asked Letizia 13."How much does it cost?" asked Carlos * Reported Speech for Orders "Don't turn on the light," she said to him  She told him not to turn on the light + told + O + to not to + V(inf) + O Exercise: Convert the orders below into reported speech "Shut up, everybody!" said the teacher "Open the window, Robert," said Jane "Phone your granny," she told him "Don't be late," she warned him "Don't talk to strangers, Michael," said his mother "Don't listen to a word he says," she told me "Clare, help me clean up the kitchen," said Tony "Fiona, get out of my way," said Alastair "Boys! Stay away from the dog when he's eating," said Dad 10 "Minnie, don't scratch the sofa," said Bob 11 "Carla, don't pick your nose in class," said the teacher 12 "Look after your sister," said my father 13 "Break a leg, Oliver," said the actor * Reporting Verbs Exercise: Fill the gaps using the verbs in the box Use each verb once only advise hope promise suggest beg insist remind threaten deny invite refuse warn 1."I didn't it," she said  She doing it + 2."Have S2 + lunch V( lïiwith qu¸me," khøshe th×) said.+ O  She me to have lunch with her 3."Why don't you buy one?" said Tom  Tom I buy one 4."I promise I'll take you to Prague," said Mary  Mary to take me to Prague 5."I hope Andy phones tonight," said Clare  Clare Andy would phone that night 6."Please, please don't tell anyone!" he said  He me not to tell anyone 7."I won't it," he said  He to it 8."You should have lessons," she said  She me to have lessons 9."We really must go with you," they said  They on going with me 10."Don't forget to phone Granny," said Mum  Mum me to phone Granny 11."If you wear my T-shirt again, I'll pinch you very hard," said Maggy  Maggie to pinch me very hard if I wore her T-shirt again 12."Don't fly kites near electric overhead cables," said my father  My father me not to fly kites near electric overhead cables REPORTED SPEECH (câu tường thuật) Câu tường thuật là câu thuật lại cách gián tiếp lời người khác Câu tường thuật có daïng sau ñaây: I Câu tường thuật loại câu mệnh leänh, yêu cầu: FORM: S + Told/Asked + O + (NOT) + To-infinitive Ex1: “Please wait for me here, Mary.” Tom said Tom told Mary to wait for him there Ex2: “Don’t talk in class!” the teacher said The teacher told the children not to talk in class Lưu ý: Một số động từ thường dùng tường thuật câu mệnh lệnh: tell, ask, order, advise, warn, beg, command, remind, instruct, II Câu tường thuật loại câu phát biểu: FORM: S + SAID (TOLD) + (THAT) + S + V (V: lùi thì theo bảng chuyển đổi) Ex: Direct speech: “I will talk to Nam,” said he main verb reporting verb Reported speech: He said (that) he would talk to Nam Löu yù: - Có thể dùng không dùng “that” sau động từ tường thuaät Một số động từ không thay đổi chuyển sang lời nói gián tiếp laø: would, could, might, should, ought to Một số thay đổi thì: + Nếu động từ tường thuật câu thì quá khứ thì phải lùi động từ chính quá khứ bậc chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang lời nói gián qui tắc sau: Direct speech Future simple Present simple Present progressive Present perfect Past simple Past progressive Can/may Must/have to Một số chuyển đổi khác: Repo W Pa Past Pa Pa Past perf Co Khi chuyển từ lời nói trực tieáp sang giaùn tieáp maø động từ tường thuật thì quá khứ thì các trạng từ thời gian và nơi chốn và đại từ định chuyển đổi theo qui taéc sau: Direct speech This These Here Now Today Tomorrow Tonight Yesterday Ago Rep T The following d The day before Ex: Direct speech: “I’m leaving here tomorrow,” said Mai Reported speech: Mai said (that) she was leaving there the next day III Câu tường thuật loại câu hỏi : Yes / No question: + Với câu hỏi Có hay Không đổi sang câu tường thuật ta phải sử dụng “if” “whether” Hình thức: Asked (O) S+ Wanted to know Wondered (tự hỏi) Ex: Direct speech: “Are you angry?” he asked Reported speech: He asked (me) if/whether I was angry WH-question: + Với câu hỏi có “từ hỏi” đổi sang câu tường thuật ta không dùng “if” “whether” mà phải dùng lại chính từ hỏi đó FORM: S + ASKED + O + WH- + S + V (V: lùi thì theo bảng chuyển đổi) Ex: Direct speech: “Where you come from?” Mai asked Reported speech: Mai asked me where I came from Löu yù: + Nếu đôïng từ tường thuật thì thì thì động từ chính giữ nguyên chuyển lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp Ex: Direct speech: “I’m arriving at about 6.00,” says she Reported speech: she says (that) she’s arriving at about 6.00 BAØI TAÄP: I Change into indirect speech: Mary said “ I go to school by bicycle” Ann said to John “ You may see the photos if you like” “ I’m going to town with my sister”, he said “ I’ll be back next Sunday and buy you a new doll” Daisy’s father said to her Nam said “ I want to be rich and famous” The students said “ We have just finished our lesson” Tim said “ The circus is coming again to my town” “ Our house is large enough for us “ they said He said, “I’ll be here again tomorrow” 10 We said to them, “Your houses are very nice” 11 She said to them, “He’s lived here for years” 12 Tom said, “I’m going away for a few days and will phone you when I get back” 13 Mary said to John, “I cannot go to the movie with you tomorrow” 14 William said, “I’m very grateful to you for your helping me with the Vietnamese lesson” 15 “I don’t like this film” Betty said to Bill “Don’t swim out too far, boy” She asked 17 “Please don’t smoke in my car” the drivere asked 18 “Come to see me when you have free time.” My uncle asked 19 “The windows are broken,” said Nga 20 “You must pay me now,” said Lan 21 “I will go to HCM City tomorrow.” Said Mr Quang 22 We are learning English now,” said the students 23 “Are you a student?” Tim asked 24 “Will you be to France in the future?” my uncle asked 25 “Do you like English music?” Ann asked 26 “Where you live?” Ann asked 27 “Which grade are you in?” asked Tim 28 “What are you doing now? She asked me 29 “What have you got in your luggage?” he ask 30 “Are you a shy?” Nam asked 31 “Do you have a notebook?” he asked 32 “Where are you going?” Hoa asked 33 “Where are you from?” Lan aske 34 “How long have you been in the country?” Ba asked 35 “Are you carrying any drugs?” Hoa asked II Give the correct form of the words in the brackets: You must be (care) ……………………………………… when you opened that door 2- We’re very impressed by the ( friend)………………………………………… of your town's people 3- Is Buddhism the country (office) …………………………………………………… religion of Thailand 4- We'll live a happier and (health) ……………… life if we keep our environment clean 5- The price of (electric) ………………………………………………………… has gone up again 6- Our school has a lot of (qualify) teachers 7- I watch the news everyday because it's very (inform ) 8- The Internet is a very useful means of (communicate) 9- We must learn about keeping the environment (pollute ) 10-Some of these traditional dresses have been………………………………………………… (modern) 11- Many Vietnamese women continue to wear the unique and………… dress (fashion) 12-Lan wants to become a fashion………………………………………………… …when she grows up (design) 13-Although its services are not very good, the hotel is…………for the beach (convenience) 14-Although the ao dai is the………… dress of Vietnamese women, not many of them wear it at work (tradition) 15-He never has any accidents He is a driver (care) 16- It is a nice shop and the assistances are all polite and very (help) 17- This new center is an interesting (develop) 18- We can see many ………………………………………………….on TV every day (advertise) 19- The Internet is a wonderful …………………………………………of modern life (invent) 20- What have they done to ………………………………………………their own country (modern) 22-Hanoi is much ………………………………………………from Tokyo, isn’t it? (difference) 23- The Internet has……………………………………………… It is very time- consuming and costly (limit) 24- There are many ……………………………………………………………… in our country of a years ( celebrate) 25- We can save…………………………………………………… resources by using solar energy (nature) 26- The Pikes aren’t satisfied with their ……………………………………………………for Christmas (prepare Period 32: Relative Clauses ( Mệnh đề quan hệ) I/ Relative Pronouns ( §¹i tõ quan hÖ) Which ( C¸i mµ, ®iÒu mµ ) * §¹i tõ quan hÖ which thay thÕ cho danh tõ, đại từ vật làm chủ ngữ tân ngữ mệnh đề quan hệ Eg1 : - This is the book I bought it yesterday.= This is the book which I bought yesterday.( §©y lµ cuèn s¸ch mµ t«i mua ngµy h«m qua) - Which đóng vai trò là tân ngữ mệnh đề quan hệ - Mệnh đề quan hệ which I bought yesterday làm nhiệm vụ xác định cho danh từ đứng trớc nã Eg : The book which is on the table belongs to our teacher ( Cuèn s¸ch ë trªn bµn thuéc vÒ thÇy gi¸o cña chóng t«i) - Which đóng vai trò là chủ ngữ mệnh đề quan hệ * Notes : - Nếu which đóng vai trò là tân ngữ mệnh đề quan hệ thì ta có thể bỏ which ®i Eg : This is the book which I bought yesterday = This is the book I bought yesterday - Which có thể thay cho câu, lúc đó ta ph¶i dïng dÊu phÈy tríc which Eg : - He often goes out at night This makes his wife angry = He often goes out at night, which makes his wife angry.( Anh ta thêng ®i ch¬i vµo buổi tối, điều đó làm cho vợ bực m×nh) Who (Ngêi mµ) * Who là đại từ quan hệ thay cho danh từ đại từ ngời làm chủ ngữ mệnh đề quan hệ Eg : - The man comes from China He is sitting at the door = The man who is sitting at the door comes from China.( Ngời đàn ông ngồi cửa đến từ Trung quốc) Whom * §¹i tõ quan hÖ whom thay cho danh tõ đại từ ngời làm tân ngữ mệnh đề quan hệ Eg : - The man comes from China My father is talking to him = The man whom my father is talking to comes from China.( Ngêi đàn ông bố tôi mà nói chuyện với đến tõ Trung Quèc) * Ta có thể để giới từ đứng trớc whom Eg : - The man to whom my father is - Ta cã thÓ bá " whom" ®i Eg : - The man my father is talking to comes from China * Ta cã thÓ thay whom = who v¨n nãi giới từ đứng sau Eg : - The man who my father is talking to comes from China That * That là đại từ quan hệ thay cho danh từ chØ ngêi hoÆc vËt lµm t©n ng÷ hoÆc chñ ng÷ mệnh đề quan hệ Eg : The book that I bought yesterday is interesting The man that came to your house yesterday is Nam's brother * That thay thÕ cho côm tõ chØ ngêi vµ vËt Eg : - We saw many people and cows that went to the forest * Notes : Không dùng that để thay cho danh từ đã đợc xác định Eg : Kh«ng nãi : Mr Pike, that is old , is my teacher *Không dùng that để thay cho câu Eg : Kh«ng nãi : He often goes out at night, that makes * Kh«ng dïng giíi tõ tríc that Eg : Kh«ng nãi : The man to that my father is talking to * That đợc dùng câu nhấn mạnh It + to be +( côm) danh tõ / côm tõ / mệnh đề + that Eg : - It's this book that makes me happy ( Chính là sách này đã làm tôi vui) - It's in Ha Noi that we met each other ( Chính Hà nội chúng tôi đã gặp nhau) Whose Whose là đại từ quan hệ sở hữu thay cho tÝnh tõ së h÷u (his, her, their) hoÆc danh tõ së h÷u c¸ch.Sau whose lµ danh tõ Eg : - The man has just phoned the police His car was stolen near the market = The man whose car was stolen near the market has just phoned the police (Ngêi dµn ông mà xe ông bị đánh cắp gần chợ võa míi gäi ®iÖn cho c¶nh s¸t) - The house is on sale Its doors are green = The house whose doors are green is on sale (Ngôi nhà có cửa màu xanh đợc rao b¸n) * Khi dïng víi danh tõ chØ vËt, ta cã thÓ thay whose = of which Eg : - The house the doors of which are green is on sale II/ Relative Adverbs ( Tr¹ng tõ quan hÖ) Where ( N¬i mµ) - Tr¹ng tõ quan hÖ where thay thÕ cho tr¹ng tõ tr¹ng ng÷ chØ n¬i chèn there, in this house, at the beach Eg : - The house is very old He was born in this house = The house where he was born is very old ( Ng«i nhµ n¬i «ng Êy sinh rÊt cæ kÝnh) = The house in which he was born is very old  where = in / at which When ( Khi mµ ) * Tr¹ng tõ quan hÖ when thay thÕ cho tr¹ng ng÷ chØ thêi gian Eg : - The day was nice They met on that day = The day when they met was nice.( C¸i ngày mà họ gặp thật là đẹp) = The day on which they met was nice  when = on/ in which Ta cã thÓ thay when b»ng that hoÆc bá when ®i Eg : The day when they met was nice = The day that they met was nice = The day they met was nice Why ( Lý mµ) Eg : - The reason why he refused to go with us was unknown ( Lý mµ tõ chèi di với chúng tôi thì không đợc biết) = The reason for which he refused to go  why = for which Ta cã thÓ thay why b»ng that hoÆc cã thÓ bá why ®i Eg : - The reason why he refused to go with us was unknown = The reason that he refused to go with us was unknown = The reason he refused to go with us was unknown III Trêng hîp dïng dÊu phÈy víi mÖnh đề quan hệ Ta dùng dấu phẩy với mệnh đề quan hệ đại từ, trạng từ quan hệ thay cho danh từ, cụm từ đã đợc xác định (Mr Pike, my father, Hanoi, their ball, in his house ) Mệnh đề quan hệ trờng hợp này không làm nhiệm vụ xác định cho danh từ đằng trớc (vì đó là danh từ đã đợc xác định) mà để cung cấp thêm thông tin Nếu ta bỏ mệnh đề quan hÖ ®i th× c©u vÉn cã nghÜa Eg : - His car, which is very expensive, has just been stolen Eg : - My younger brother , who is only years old, can play the piano very well Eg : - Mr Hoa, whose daughter is a famous singer, has just bought a house here Eg 4: - I'm going to Ha noi, where my father is working Eg : Thanh Lam, who is a famous singer , has just come here = Thanh Lam, a famous singer , has just come here Notes : Đại từ quan hệ that không đợc dùng trêng hîp nµy Exercise: Chän tõ thÝch hîp sè A, B, C hoÆc D 1/ What was the name of the girl passport was stolen ? A whose B who 2/ The bed I slept in was too soft A which B who 3/ Nora is the only person understands me A which B who 4/ The man she is married to has been married twice before A which B who 5/ The hotel we stayed was not clean A that B which 6/ The last time I saw her, she looked very beautiful A when B which 7/ The stories Tom tells are usually very funny A that B who 8/ Have you seen the money was on the table ? A which B who 9/ The factory John was working is the biggest in town A which B who 10/ Jim passed his driving test, surprised everybody A that B which 11/ Do you remember the day we first met ? A when B which 12/ Thank you for your letter, I was very happy to get A that B which 13/ The reason he failed was obvious A that B why 14/ Ann has a lot books, most of she hasn't read A that B who 15/ The mother son was killed in the accident was very sad A that B whose Exercise : Nèi hai c©u thµnh mét c©u sö dụng đại từ, trạng từ quan hệ 1/ The student is from China He sits next to me 2/ I thanked the woman This woman had helped me 3/ The professor is excellent I am taking his course 4/ I recently went back to Paris It is still as beautiful as a pearl 5/ Nam knows the man We talked to him this morning 6/ The house is very old My grandfather used to live there IV/ Mét sè trêng hîp kh¸c All/ some / many of whom Eg : - The children are coming into my house All of them are very tired.= The children, all of whom are very tired are coming into my house ( Bọn trẻ mà tất số đó mệt ®i vµo nhµ t«i) Ta cã thÓ thay all = some , many , few All/ some / many/ most of which Eg : - The hats have been taken away Some of them are very expensive = The hats, some of which are very expensive, have been taken away.( Nh÷ng c¸i mò, mµ mét vµi sè đó đắt tiền đã bị lấy mất) What ( Nh÷ng g×, ®iÒu mµ) Eg : - My mother was very happy when she saw what I had done ( MÑ t«i rÊt vui bµ thấy gì tôi đã làm) - What surprised us was the way he behaved.( §iÒu lµm chóng t«i ng¹c nhiªn lµ c¸i c¸ch mµ c xö) How Eg : - We don't know how to get there ( Chúng tôi không biết làm nào để tới đó) 5.Whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however a Whatever ( BÊt cø c¸i g×) - You can whatever you like here - Whatever you do, don't touch this (Cho dï bạn làm gì thì đừng động vào cái này) - Whatever the reason, we can't forgive her ( Dï lý g× ®i ch¨ng n÷a, chóng t«i còng kh«ng tha lçi cho c« ta) - When you are older you can watch whatever programme you like ( Khi lín h¬n cã thÓ xem bÊt cø ch¬ng tr×nh g× mµ thÝch) b Whoever ( BÊt cø ai) - Whoever hears his voice loves it at once ( Bất nghe thấy giọng anh mª liÒn) c Wherever ( BÊt cø n¬i nµo) - They are rich, so they can go wherever they like d Whenever ( BÊt cø nµo) - I get angry whenever she comes = Every time she comes, I get angry e However ( Cho dï thÕ nµo ch¨ng n÷a) - However + adj / adv Eg : - However rich you are, you can never win her heart ( Cho dï cËu cã giµu nh thÕ nµo ®i ch¨ng n÷a, cËu không thể chinh phục đợc nàng) = No matter how rich you are, you can never win her heart - However hard I worked, my boss was never satisfied = No matter how hard I worked, my boss  However = No matter how Which or that ? * Cả which và that thay cho danh từ vật nhng which không đợc sử dụng sau all, everything, little, much, none, no hay d¹ng so s¸nh nhÊt Ta sö dông that c¸c trêng hîp nµy Eg : - All of the apples that fall are taken away by the girls - This is the most intesting book (that) I've ever read - Everything (that) he told me is not true Exercise: Chän tõ thÝch hîp sè A, B, C hoÆc D 1/ She gives her children everything they want A that B who 2/ Tell me you want and I will try to help you A that B who 3/ This is an awful film It is the worst film I have ever seen A that B which C who C wh C wh 4/ I don't agree with you have just said A that B who 5/ Ann has a lot books, most of she hasn't read A that B who 6/ The mother son was killed in the accident was very sad A that B whose 7/ The house was full of boys, ten of were his own grandchildren A that B who Exercise: ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau, gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa 1/ We were surprised at what he had done  What 2/ I don't know his address  I don't know 3/ Could you tell me the way to the nearest post-office  Could you tell me 4/ Every time I phoned her, she was out  She was out 5/ No matter what you do, don't touch this  Whatever 6/ You can use it as long as you like, and it won't wear out  No matter 7/ No matter how hard I tried, I couldn't open the door  However 8/ I''ll find that man, no matter how long it takes  However 9/ I can't go to the cinema tonight because I don't have a car  The reason why 10/ I lent my car to that man  That's the man 11/ I tried hard as I could, but I just couldn't get the money  No matter 12/ Driving fast is dangerous, whether you are an experienced driver or not  However Exercise : H·y söa lçi sai c¸c c©u sau (Mçi c©u mét lçi) 1/ That I want is kilos of butter 2/ Mr Carter to whom I spoke on the phone last night is very interested in our project 3/ Sheila couldn't come to the party, that was a pity 4/ Sue has a lot of friends, many of them she was at school with Date of preparing: Date of teaching: Period 33: Ing-clause and Edclause Ing-clause - Mệnh đề đuôi" ing" Eg : - The man who is talking to John is my cousin = The man talking to John is my cousin ( Ngời đàn ông nói chuyện với John là anh hä cña t«i.) Mệnh đề " ing" mang nghĩa chủ động Mệnh đề " ing" thay cho đại từ quan hệ + động từ thể chủ động Ed-clause - Mệnh đề đuôi "ed" Eg : - The boy who was injured in the accident was taken to hospital = The boy injured in the accident was taken to hospital - Cậu bé bị thơng vụ tai nạn đã đợc đa vµo viÖn Mệnh đề "ed"mang nghĩa bị động thay cho đại từ quan hệ + động từ thể bị động Một vài ví dụ khác mệnh đề " ing" và "ed" Eg : - There are some people waiting outside ( Có vài ngời đợi bên ngoài) - There was a big van parked outside the house (Có xe tải to đợc đậu bên ngoµi ng«i nhµ) Exercise : H·y söa lçi sai c¸c c©u sau (Mçi c©u mét lçi) 1/ What I want kilos of butter 2/ The window was broken in the storm last night has now been repaired 3/ Few days after the interview, I received a letter offered me the job 4/ A lot of people invite to the party cannot come 5/ What was the name of the man who arrested by the police ? 6/ The company sent me a brochure contained all the information I needed 7/ Who are those people wait outside ? Exercise for Revision: Chọn từ / cụm từ đúng số a, b, c, d để điền vào chỗ trống (có thể có đáp án đúng) 1/ Ms Donalson, teaches linguistics at the university, recently received recognition for her research on the use of gestures in communication a who b whom c which d that 2/ The award for the Most Valuable Player was won by a player the coaches and the entire team respect a Who b whom c which d that 3/ Our office needs a secretary knows how to use various word proccessing programmes a a who b whom c which d that 4/ The check I gave to Oliver was for work he’d done for me a who b whom c which d that 5/ “Who is eligible for the scholarship ?” “Anyone scholastic record is above average can apply for the scholarship” a who has a b has a c who's d whose 6/ Dr Sales is a person a in whom I don't have much confidence b whom I don't have much confidence in him c in that I don't have much confidence d I don't have much confidence 7/ “ Is April twenty-first the day ?” “ No, the twenty-second” a you'll arrive then b when you'll arrive c on that you arrive d when you'll arrive on 8/ The severe drought occured last summer ruined the corn crop a that it b which it c it d that 9/ Florida, the Sunshine State, attracts many tourists every year a is b known as c is known as d that is known as 10/ The new shopping mall is gigantic It’s advertised as a place you can find just about anything you might want to buy a where b which c in where d in that 11/ Lola’s marriage has been arranged by her family She is marrying a man a that she hardly knows him b whom she hardly knows him c she hardly knows d she hardly knows him 12/ People who exercise frequently have greater physical endurance than those a who doesn't b that doesn't c which don't d who don't 13/ Ann quit her job at the advertising agency, surprised everyone a which b that c who d that it 14/ The missing man’s family is desperately seeking anyone information about his activities or whereabouts a has b having c who have d have 15/ The publishers expect that the new biography of Simon Bolivar will be bought by people in Latin American history a who they are interested b are interested c interested d they are interested 16/ I have always wanted to visit Paris, of France a a capital b the capital c capital d this capital 17/ Do you have the book the teacher ? a that it belongs to b to which belongs to c to which belongs d that belongs to 18/ Have you ever met the man over there ? a stands b standing c is standing d who is standing 19/ The chemistry book was a little expensive a that I bought it b I bought that c what I bought d I bought 20/ I have three brothers, are businessmen a that all of them b who they all c all of whom d who all of them 21/“Were you able to locate the person wallet you found?” a which b that his c whose d that's 22/ I usually get up at 4.00 because it’s the only time without being interupted a when I can work on my book b when I can work on my book at c when I can work on my book then d at when I can work on my book 23/ The movie last night was terrific a I went b I went to it c I went to d that I went 24/ The problem never occurred a I had expected it b who I had expected c that I had expected it d I had expected 25/ Many people lost their homes in the earthquake The government needs to establish more shelters to care those have homes a who don't b who doesn't c which doesn't d which don't 26/ I had to drive to the factory to pick up my brother, car couldn’t start a who is b who c who's d whose 27/ I read a book about Picasso, a is a Spanish painter b a Spanish painter c who a Spanish painter is d that is a Spanish painter 28/ “ My writing has improved a lot in this class” “ Mine has, too All the students well in writing” a whom Mr David teaches them b which Mr David teaches c that Mr David teaches them d Mr David teaches 29/ Have you seen the place the graduation ceremony will be held ? a in that b where c is where that d which 30/- How’s your class this term ? - Great I have 17 students, most of speak English very well a who b those c whom d which 31/ Will everyone like the book ? - No Only people interested in anthropology a are b who are c in whom are d that is 32/ How did you enjoy your dinner with Mr Jackson ? - It was boring He talked about himself, almost puts us to sleep a which b that c who d that he 33/ My grandfather, a wise man, has greatly influenced my life a is b that is c who is d who he is 34/ Is Mr Brown the person you wish to speak ? a that b whom c to that d to whom 35/ Excuse me, but there is something about immediately a which I must speak to you b which I must speak to you about it c that I must speak to you about d that I must speak to you about 36/ Little Women, in 1868, is my sister’s favourite book a is a novel published b a novel published c a novel was published d was a novel published Date of preparing: Date of teaching: Period 34: Conjunctions ( Liªn tõ) 1/ Although/ though/ even though / Much as ( Mặc dù) + clause ( Mệnh đề) Eg : - Although / though / even though he was tired, he tried to finish his work = He tried to finish work although/ though/ even though he was tired ( MÆc dï anh Êy mÖt nhng anh Êy vÉn cè g¾ng lµm xong viÖc) 2/ Despite/ In spite of ( MÆc dï) + sth/ doing sth Eg : - Despite/ In spite of being tired, he tried to finish his work (MÆc dï anh Êy mÖt nhng anh Êy vÉn cè g¾ng lµm xong viÖc) - Despite/ In spite of the bad weather, we still set off ( MÆc dï thêi tiÕt xÊu nhng chóng t«i vÉn khëi hµnh) - Although his leg was broken, he managed to get home before night.( MÆc dï ch©n ®au nhng anh Êy vÉn vÒ nhµ tríc trêi tèi) = Despite/ In spite of his broken leg, he = Despite/ In spite of his leg being broken, he = Despite the fact that his leg was broken, he In spite of Exercise : ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa Although he had a good salary he was unhappy in his job  In spite of In spite of the forecast it stayed fine  Although the rain was Although the play received good notices, not many people went to see it  Despite Although his leg was broken, he managed to get out of the car  In spite of Although the team played well, they lost  In spite of In spite of all our warnings, he left the camp without taking his rifle  Although we had Although he was not guilty they executed him  In spite of I am fond of my nephew although he behaves terribly  Despite In spite of his age, Mr Benson runs miles before breakfast everyday  Although 10 Although she wasn't experienced, she got the job  In spite of 11 The flat's so noisy but we enjoy living there  Even 13 Although Christopher was the stronger of the two, his attacker soon overpowered him - Despite his 14 While I strongly disapprove of your behaviour, I will help you this time  Despite my 15 Much as I admire her achievements, I don't really like her  Even 16 Although Judy was severely disabled she participated in many sports  Despite her 17 Even though I admire his courage, I think he is foolish  Much as 18 Although I warned them not to climb that tree, they did  In spite of 19 Despite knowing the area well, I got lost  I got lost 3/ Because/ As / Since + clause ( Bëi v×) Eg : - Because / As/ Since she was tired she went to bed early.( Bëi v× mÖt cho nªn c« ®i ngñ sím) = She went to bed early for she was tired * Notes : Because of + nouns / V-ing Eg : - We had to stay at home because it was raining.( Chóng t«i ph¶i ë nhµ v× trêi ®ang ma) = Because of the rain, we had to stay at home ( Chóng t«i ph¶i ë nhµ v× trêi ma) - Because I felt tired, I went to bed early = Because of feeling tired, I went to bed early 4/ So that + clause ( §Ó ) Eg : - I speak slowly so that they can understand ( Tôi nói chậm để họ hiểu) 5/ In order to/ So as to ( §Ó ) * In order / So as to sth ( §Ó lµm g× ) Eg :- I wrote a letter to my mother so as to / in order to inform her of my new job ( Tôi viết th cho mẹ để thông báo công viÖc míi cña t«i) * In order / So as not to sth ( §Ó kh«ng lµm g×) Eg : - I walked in quietly in order / so as not to wake the children up (Tôi khẽ vào để không đánh thức lũ trẻ) * In order for sb to sth ( §Ó cho lµm g×) Eg : - I speak slowly in order for them to understand.( Tôi nói chậm để họ hiểu) Exercise : ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau gi÷ nguyªn nghÜa The rough sea prevented the ferry from sailing  Because of We drove slowly so that he could follow us  We drove They set off early so that they could reach the village before night  They set off We left early so that we didn't miss the train  We left early As they hadn't met our sister before, I introduced her to them  Since Because of the rain, we couldn't go out  Because She left the party quickly She didn't want to have to say good bye  She left the party quickly in order He turned on the TV He wanted to see a football match  He turned on the TV so as Having nothing else to do, we decided to go for a walk  Since 10 Having nowhere else to go, I tried to sleep in the station waiting room  As 11 We left quietly so that we wouldn't disturb the children  So as 12 I want him to write to me I gave him my address  I gave him my address 13 They left early because they didn't want to get caught in the traffic  They left early in 14 As he feared that the police would recognize him, he never went out in daylight  Fearing 15 None of us had a watch We didn't know what time it was  As 6/ Furthermore, besides, moreover, what's more ( Ngoµi ra) Eg : - The coat is soft Besides, it is warm ( C¸i ¸o kho¸c th× mÒm Ngoµi nã cßn Êm.) Furthermore, Moreover, What's more 7/ But (nhng), however, nevertheless (tuy nhiªn) Eg : - He is rich but mean ( Anh ta giµu cã nhng keo kiÖt) - He is from Brazil but he can't play football - They hadn't trained hard; but/however/ nevertheless they won - He had no qualifications, but he got the job 8/ Whereas, while ( Trong khi, ngîc l¹i) Eg : - Mr Pike is very generous while / whereas his wife is very mean 9/ So, therefore, consequently ( Do đó , cho nªn, v× thÕ ) Eg : - It started to rain, so we went home - He came back late, therefore his father got angry 10/ And ( Vµ ) Eg : - I play football and tennis - I want you to buy that house and move there Exercise : Chọn đáp án đúng số A, B , C hoÆc D I heard the telephone ring, I didn't answer it A Because B If only Some fish can only survive in salt water, other species can live only in fresh water A.whereas B.unless Jack insisted that he didn't need any help I helped him anyway A and B so I couldn't use the pay phone I didn't have any coins with me A yet B for Mr Watson retired from his job early his ill health A because B due to C Even thoug C if C besides C although C despite He reached to turn on the TV he could watch it A because of B therefore Cars have become much more complicated mechanics need more training than in the past A Because B Therefore I got to work on time I missed my bus A though B nevertheless The teacher speaks slowly the pupils may understand him A because B in order to 10 I hurried I would not be late A in order to B so that Exercise : Fill in the blank with one suitable word He is small strong Our cases were heavy, we took a taxi Their son failed the exam, they bought him a new bike This restaurant is very expensive the waiters are impolite He is a worker his brother is a manager She met a foreigner in her town in 1980 married him in the same year my foot was injured, I managed to walk to the nearest village The play was disappointing it was badly acted and far too long 11/ Not only but also ( Kh«ng nh÷ng mµ cßn) * Dùng với động từ : - They not only lent me their car but also offered me a meal ( Hä kh«ng nh÷ng cho t«i mîn xe mµ cßn mêi t«i ¨n) * Dïng víi danh tõ : - Mike plays not only football but also tennis *Dïng víi tr¹ng tõ : - She writes not only correctly but also neatly *Dïng víicôm giíi tõ : - The Beatles are famous not only in their country but also in other countries *Dïng víi tÝnh tõ: - He's not only intelligent but also handsome 12/ As well as ( Còng nh) * §i víi danh tõ : - The teacher, as well as his students, is going to the concert ( ThÇy gi¸o cïng víi häc sinh ®i nghe hßa nh¹c) - My children, as well as my neighbour, are going to the stadium this afternoon  Động từ chia cho danh từ đứng trớc *§i víi V-ing : - She works in a company as well as writing books for children ( Cô làm việc cho công ty đồng thời cßn viÕt s¸ch cho trÎ em) * §i víi tÝnh tõ : - He's not only intelligent but also handsome = He's intelligent as well as handsome 13/ Both .and *§i víi tÝnh tõ Eg : - He's both intelligent and handsome *§i víi danh tõ Eg : - Both Nam and Hoa want to go the theatre.( Cả Nam và Hoa muốn xem h¸t) 14/ Either or ( HoÆc c¸i nµy hoÆc c¸i kia) * Dïng víi danh tõ lµm t©n ng÷ - You can take either this hat or that one ( CËu cã thÓ lÊy c¸i mò nµy hoÆc c¸i kia) C so* that Dùng với mệnh đề - Either you apologise or I'll say good bye to you.( HoÆc lµ anh xin lçi hoÆc lµ t«i ph¶i nãi lêi chia tay) C So* that Dïng víi danh tõ lµm chñ ng÷ - Either John or his friends have to go  Động từ chia cho danh từ đứng sau C because 15/ Neither nor ( Kh«ng c¸i nµy vµ còng kh«ng c¸i kia) * Dïng víi danh tõ lµm chñ ng÷ C so- that Neither John nor Mary is going to class today C if- Neither John nor his cousins are going to  Động từ chia cho danh từ đứng sau * Dùng với động từ - She can't read and she can't write either = She can neither read nor write * Dïng víi danh tõ lµm t©n ng÷ - She can speak neither English nor French Exercise : Choose the correct answer you or your sister is elegible for that job A Either B Every C Neither D No Neither the nurses nor the doctor there when the patient died A was B were C is D are I hurried I would not be late A in order B.so that C.if D provided I wish eveyone would use his bicycle, we would reduce pollution A which B when C although D so that I don't want to go out tonight Ann phones A so that B in case C even though D when Lots of people not only own microcomputer how to use them A but also to know B so know C and know D but also know Albert is late, let's begin without him A Since B Nevertheless C However D Consequently Pleiglas is used in aircraft windows is almost unbreakable A it B because it C because D it because Exercise : Use both and , neither nor , either or to fill in the blank My father is very sad my brother I failed to get the job I was tired hungry when I got back home from a long journey The two restaurants are very good You can eat at this that one We were disappointed Lis Robin came to our party Exercise : Rewrite the following sentences Alcohol is bad for you and so are cigarrettes  Neither He refused to take the medicine He hit the nurse as well  He not only Manh can't understand English or French  Manh understands She spent all her money She even borrowed some from me  She not only He can speak English He can also speak Russian  He can speak not Exercise for Revision: Chọn từ cụm từ đúng số a,b,c hoăc d ( Có thể có đáp án đúng) 1/ we got lost driving into the city, we were late for the meeting a Since b Because c Consequently d For 2/ I couldn't repair my bicycle, I didn't have the right tools a so b for c because of d therefore 3/ Two of the factories in my town have closed , unemployment is high a Consequently b Because c So that d Furthermore 4/ I had nothing for lunch but an apple, I ate dinner early a For b Since c Due to d Therefore 5/ The fire raged out of control It got bad that more firefighters had to be called in a such b therefore c so d as 6/ the flood has receded, people can move back into their homes a Therefore b Since c So d Although 7/ Mr Watson retired from his job early his ill health a because b due to c despite d for 8/ Bill's favourite programme was on He reached to turn on the TV he could watch it a because of b therefore c so that d for 8/ She bought the book she had heard it was good a because b so c because of d consequently 9/ John couldn't open the door the lock was broken a because of b therefore c so d due to the fact that 10/ The workers have gone on strike , all production has ceased a Because b Despite c Consequently d What’s more 11/ Let's ask our teacher how to solve this problem we can't agree on the answer a since b because of c consequently d as long as 12/ The price of airline tickets has gone down recently the tickets cost less , more people are flying than before a Consequently b Because of c Because d For 13/ Paul brings the money for our lunch, we'll go right down to the cafeteria a Since b As soon as c Now that d Until 14/ My mouth is burning ! This is spicy food that I don't think I can finish it a such b so c very d too 15/ my daughter reaches the age of sixteen, she will be able to drive a Having b Since c Once d Because 16/ it's warm and sunny today, why don't we go to the park ? a Therefore b Due to c As long as d As 17/ It was raining I couldn't go out a because b so hard that c so that d too hard that 18/ the need to finish this project soon, I want you to work on this overtime for the next few days a Because b So that c Because of d Therefore 19/ the salary meets my expectations, I will accept the job offer a Due to b Even if c Provided that d Unless 20 excellent art museums, Moscow has a world-famous ballet a Because of b In spite of c In case of d In addition to 21/ It is still a good idea to know how to type the many technological advances in typerwriters and word processors, a skilled operator remains indispensable a In spite of b Because of c Though d So 22/ Alex can't express himself clearly and correctly in writing He'll never advance in his job he improves his language skills a otherwise b if c only if d unless 23/ there was no electricity, I was able to read because I had a candle a Unless b Even though c Even d Only if 25/ I studied Spanish for years in high school ., I had trouble talking with people when I was travelling in Spain a Therefore b On the other hand c Moreover d Nevertheless 26/ I like to keep the window open at night no matter how cold it gets My wife, , prefers a warm bedroom with all windows tightly shut a but b consequently c on the other hand d moreover 27/ Jason became famous, he has ignored his old friends He shouldn't that a If b Ever since c Even though d Due to 28/ We're going to lose this game the team doesn't start playing better soon a if b unless c although d whereas 29/ My two children are cooking dinner for the family for the first time tonight the food is terrible, I'm going to enjoy this meal very much It will be fun to have them cook for me for a change a Only if b If c Even if d Provided that 30 Florida is famous for its tourist attractions Its coastline offers excellent white sand beaches , it has warm, sunny weather a Otherwise b Furthermore c Nevertheless d On the other hand 31/ The flowers will soon start to bloom winter is gone and the weather is beginning to get warmer a even if b now that c so d even though 32/ Some English words have the same pronunciation they are spelled differently, for example, dear and deer a unless b even though c since d only if 33/ want to take a train trip across western Canada, but my travelling companion wants to fly to Mexico city for our vacation a Although I b Even if c I d Nevertheless I 34/ The bread was old and stale, Martha ate it anyway a and b so c besides d but 35/ Harry left early not to miss the train a for b despite c so as d so that 36/ You should have an early night, you don't feel tired a so as b so that c in order to d because 37/ I like fish, I don't like catching them myself a although b so c but d whereas 38/ I'm going to buy a computer I haven't got enough money a even though b because c while d so that 39/ not being able to speak Dutch, Bob decided to settle in Amsterdam a In spite of b Although c For d However 40/ John has done well in France, his brother has done badly a Though b While c Besides d As 41/ to look taller, Madeline wears high heels a So that b Since c In order d Therefore Date of preparing: Date of teaching: Period 35: Revision I/ Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form 1/ At four o’clock last Tuesday afternoon we (fly) over Paris 2/ I (come) from Scotland, though I (live) in London just now 3/ What would you if he (resign ) tomorrow ? 4/ The child’s arm was swollen because he (sting) by a bee 5/ I (try) ( learn) by heart this text for half an hour, but I haven’t succeeded yet 6/ When he came, I just (finish) (type) the report 7/ She says Titanic is the best film she (see) 8/ He (look) fatter now than some days ago 9/ The computer is small enough (keep) in your pocket 10/ A new bridge (build) over the river next year 11/ We (visit) the museum when the fire started 12/ Why didn’t you phone me ? If I (know) you were ill, I (come) to see you 13/ The house is much smaller than we (think) at first 14/ There was a cold wind (blow) in our faces when we were in the field 15/ I introduced her to my brother as they (not meet) before 16/ I don’t like (ask) a lot of questions when I take oral examinations II/ Choose A, B, C or D to fill in the blank 1/ Most people spend they earn each month a as much as b as many as c little than d not much as 2/ If a country no rain for a long time, this dry period a drought a has had/ is b has / is called c had / called d had/ would be 3/ Teachers may be large class and may not know how to get the best results from small classes a used to teaching b used to work c using to teach d used teaching 4/ A lot of humour depends on the use of words sound the same but have different meanings a where b what c which d whose The train when I arrived at the station a has already left b had already left c already left d is leaving My granfather was a very good footballer He a professional if he had wanted to a could be b was able to c could have been d can have been It isn’t cold outside You wear a coat a mustn’t b can c needn’t d cannot 8/ I’m afraid you are not to take your driving test a old enough b too old c very old d enough old 9/ The house Shakespeare was born  If in, is open to the public it a where b which c that d whom 8/ If you want my advice, I'd think twice 10/ It is at least a month since John about buying a car like that a I last seeing b I have last seen  If c I last see d I last saw I 11/ The police for two men who getting into a black car near the 9/ If the painting is finished by Saturday, bank at about one o’clock last night we'll pay you extra a are looking / saw b are looking / were  seen c have looked / saw d had looked/ Finish were seen 13/ The restaurant was full, is why 10/ Provided your voice is audible, the we had to go somewhere else for dinner audience will get the point of this scene a which b what  As long c where d that as 14/ Mary, children couldn’t swim, said that there should be a notice up warning 11/ If you refuse to stop eating sweets, you people can't expect to loose weight easily a whose b whom  If c who d which you 15/ He'll never pass his driving test he takes some lessons 12/ Without your help, I wouldn't have found A unless B if only C provided the house 16/ I'll hand over all my files to my  If assistance before I you A am leaving B leave C.will leave 17/ We lost the game If you for us, 13/ Getting up early makes me feel hungry we  If A.play/will win B played/should win C had played/ should have I won 18/ Don't worry about it You told if 14/ It would be nice to be able to fly there is a change of plan I A be B will C have beenwish 19/ If you any other plans, why we spend a weekend together ? 15/ I wish I hadn't heard that A didn't make/ wouldn't B don't make/ don't  I'd III/ Rewrite the following sentences rather 1/ I would have lent you some money if I had known you were broke 16/ Why you have to complain all the  Had time ? I I wish 2/ What would you if there was an 17/ I regret not buying some tickets for the earthquake ? concert  I Supposing wish 18/ Unfortunately, I've got to work late 3/ I might be late If so, start without me tonight  If I I wish 19/ You should really start your work now 4/ The fire was brought under control thanks  It's to the night-watchman time  If it 20/ The children should be in class now  It's 5/ Dick is in prison because a detective time recognized him  If a 21/ If I were you, I'd take up jogging detective I think 6/ It's a pity your parents can't be here  If 22/ As I didn't know all the facts, I didn't ring only the police 7/ If Jane hadn't refused to work overtime, If she would have got promotion 23/ He can't get the job because he isn't good at English  If 24/ I regret not paying much attention to the lecture  I wish 25/ If it doesn't rain, he will pick her up at a.m  Unless 26/ She can't the sum because it is difficult  Were 27/ I'm sorry now that I didn't tell you the truth  I wish 28/ He lost his money simply because he wasn’t careful  If he 29/ It wasn’t easy to persuade her to come  There was some difficulty 30/ The last time I played tennis was 10 years ago  I 31/ It’s high time you put a stop to this nonsense  It’s high time this nonsense 32/ Harry didn’t steal the jewels because he didn’t know where the key to the safe was  Harry can’t 33/ She prefers reading books to watching TV  She would 34/ The exam was so difficult that I couldn’t finish it  It was 35/ If the customers hadn’t complained, nothing would have been done  Had 36/ I have taken careful notes of their complaints  Their complaints 37/ People think Columbus found America before others  Columbus 38/ I wish I hadn’t told her about the plan  I regret 39/ The dictionary was so expensive that I didn’t buy it  The dictionary 40/ Who wrote this letter ?  Whom 41/ They saw her pick up the wallet  She 42/ We suggested banning smoking in the meeting this afternoon  We suggested 43/ She wanted nothing except people left her in peace  She wanted 44/ We don’t allow customers to smoke here  Customers 45/ You don’t have to bring the camera here tonight  The camera 56/ Although John’s father is the director of the company, he couldn’t get the job  Despite IV/ Choose the correct answer 1/ The use of credit cards instead of cash (have/has) been on the rise 2/ One can what one (likes/like) here 3/ The man was thought to (have accepted/ be accepted) a bribe 4/ I’ve never smoked in my life and I’m not about to start (now/again) 5/ If you haven’t been to Dalat, you (ought to go / would have gone) there 6/ - Are you sure you locked the back door ? - Yes, I clearly remember (to lock/ locking) it V/ Make questions for the phrases in italics 1/ Lan types very quickly 2/ I’ve been here since last Tuesday 3/ David used to work hard all days at the university library 4/ When I arrived, people were queuing outside the cinema VI/ Correct the mistakes in the following sentences 1/ I’ve got three brothers, none of them are married 2/ Now that the stress of examinations and interviews are over, we can go somewhere for our holiday 3/ Do you think that the Canadian standard of living is still higher than most of the other countries in the world ? 4/ I can’t stand to laugh when my teacher tells funny stories 5/ I wish I can fly like a bird 6/ You will not pass the coming exam unless you don't work hard 7/ Our beautiful forests will destroy if we nothing to preserve them 8/ Would you mind if I open the window ? Date of preparing: Date of teaching: Period 36: Determiners and Quantifiers Much * Much + danh từ không đếm đợc Eg : - is there much information about this matter ? - Have you got much homework to ? * Much có thể đợc dùng nh đại từ (đứng m×nh) Eg : - Much must be done now.( Cã nhiÒu viÖc cÇn ph¶i lµm b©y giê) * Much có thể đợc dùng với so , too Eg : - I've got so / too much work Many * Many + danh từ đếm đợc số nhiều Eg : - There are many people at the party * Many đợc sử dụng trớc danh từ cha xác định * Many of đợc sử dụng trớc danh từ đã xác định Eg : - Many people / Many friends : NhiÒu ngêi, nhiÒu b¹n - Many of the people/ my friends : NhiÒu số ngời đó/ nhiều số bạn t«i A lot / lots/ plenty of + danh tõ đếm đợc số nhiều / danh từ không đếm đợc Eg : We've got / lots / plenty/ a lot of friends Eg : - There is a lot / lots of time for us A large amount of + danh từ không đếm đợc ( Một số lợng lớn) Eg : - A large amount of food was bought A large number of + danh từ đếm đợc sè nhiÒu ( Mét sè lîng lín) Eg : - A large number of students A great deal + danh từ không đếm đợc Eg : A great deal of time ( RÊt nhiÒu thêi gian) All (of) : tất dùng đợc với dtừ đếm đợc và không đếm đợc Eg : - All of my brothers, All the students, All the time * All có thể đứng mình không có danh từ Eg : - All he wants to is going on holiday ( TÊt c¶ nh÷ng g× muèn lµm lµ ®i nghØ) few + danh từ đếm đợc số nhiều : Rất ít Eg : - There are few guests at the party A few danh từ đếm đợc số nhiều : Một số Eg : - There are a few of customers 10 Little + danh từ không đếm đợc : Rất ít Eg : - There is little cheese 11 A little + danh từ không đếm đợc : Một chót 12 Most ( hÇu hÕt) Eg : - Most tourists don't visit that village * Most of the / this/ these/ my/ her Eg : - Most of the people / my friends * Most of the people = Almost all the people = Nearly all the people 13 No - None ( Kh«ng g×) * No + danh tõ * None : đứng mình Eg : - There is no money in my bag = There isn't any money in my bag - All the seats have been taken There are none left ( Tất ghế đã hết Không còn sót c¸i nµo c¶) - "How many houses have you got ?" "None." * None of them / us : kh«ng sè hä, chóng t«i None of the players : kh«ng sè c¸c cÇu thñ Sau none of + danh tõ sè nhiÒu ta cã thÓ sö dụng động từ số ít số nhiều Eg : - None of the players were / was * Sau No one/ nobody ta cã thÓ sö dông they, them, their Eg : - Nobody did their homework.( Kh«ng lµm bµi tËp cña m×nh) - Nobody wants to go, they ? ( Kh«ng muèn ®i cã ph¶i kh«ng ?) 14 Both of ( C¶ sè ngêi / vËt) Eg : - Both of them are good 15 Neither of Kh«ng sè ngêi / vËt Sau neither of dùng động từ số ít Eg : - Neither of the children wants to go ( Không đứa nào số đứa trẻ muốn đi) Exercise : Correct the mistakes in the following sentences There is one mistake in every sentence He has a few dear friends here Nobody comes to see him when he is ill Almost of the trees in this plantation have had to be cut down and burned Most of his life were spent in travelling It was a public holiday, so there weren't no shops open We took a few photographs but no of them were very good The police searched the house and found a large number of money We'll have to hurry We have a little time A number of reporters was at the conference yesterday The number of students who have withdrawn from this quarter are appalling 10 Nobody is tired, aren't they ? Exercise : §iÒn giíi tõ of vµo chç trèng cÇn thiÕt All cars have wheels Some the people I met at the party were interesting I have lived in London for most my life Are any those letters for me ? Jim thinks that all museums are boring None this money is mine Exercise :/ §iÒn much, a few, little vµo chç trèng We didn't have time He isn't very popular He has friends The museum was very crowded There were too people Most of the town is modern There are old buildings The weather has been very bad recently We've had rain Do you mind if I ask you questions ? Too- So - Either - Neither Too ( Còng thÕ - Dïng c©u kh¼ng định ) - I like music and she does too ( T«i thÝch ©m nh¹c vµ c« Êy còng thÕ) - We are bored and they are too So ( Còng thÕ - Dïng c©u kh¼ng định) - I like music and so does my brother.( T«i thÝch ©m nh¹c vµ anh trai t«i còng thÕ) - She works in Hanoi and so does her husband - I went to the zoo last Sunday and so did my cousin - Hai is happy and so are his friends Either ( Còng thÕ - Dïng c©u phñ định ) - I don't want to go out and they don't either - They aren't satisfied and we aren't either Neither ( Còng kh«ng) - I don't want to go out and neither they ( T«i kh«ng muèn ®i ch¬i vµ hä còng kh«ng) - Mai can't speak French and neither can Nam Exercise 1: Lựa chọn đáp án đúng John went to the mountains for his holiday, and A so did we B so didn't we C we didn't too D we didn't so His telephone doesn't work and mine doesn't A too B neither C so D either of Tom's parents is English His father is Polish and his mother is Italian A None B.Any C Both D Neither I don't like tests A.Neither I B Neither I C Neither I don't D.Neither I like them the poisonous waste from the chemical factories flowed into the river and polluted it A Most B Most of C Lot of D A little Teacher: I'm tired Students: a Neither is we b So are we c So are you d So am I Maggie: I love rice Normy: a I don't b So I c I d Neither I Elly: I'd like to visit The Greek Islands Robby: a So had I b So would I c Neither would I d Neither had I Polly: I went to the cinema on Saturday Pammy: What a coincidence a So was I b So I c So did I d So went I 10 Mary: I'm not going out tonight Shelly: a So I b I'm not c Neither am I d So am I Subject - Verb Agreement (Sự hòa hợp chủ ngữ và động từ) Along with, With , together with Eg : - Nam, along with his friends, is preparing for the exam - Động từ chia theo danh từ, đại từ đứng trớc Neither nor .(Kh«ng ngêi nµy vµ còng kh«ng ngêi kia) Eg : - Neither her sisters nor Daisy wants to Động từ chia theo danh từ, đại từ đứng sau Either or (HoÆc ngêi nµy hoÆc ngêi kia) Eg : - Either you or he has to this - Động từ chia theo danh từ, đại từ đứng sau Both and (C¶ hai) - §éng tõ chia sè nhiÒu Eg : - Both she and I are going to apply for the job As well as (còng nh) Eg : - The teacher, as well as the students , is goingto the concert - Động từ chia theo danh từ, đại từ đứng trớc Somebody, something, everybody, everything , nobody - §éng tõ chia sè Ýt Eg : - Everyone likes his voice Each, every + danh tõ sè Ýt Eg : - Each student does his assignment §éng tõ chia sè Ýt Neither of .(Kh«ng sè ngêi/vËt) Eg : - Neither of my brothers is at work today - §éng tõ chia sè Ýt All, some , several, few , most + danh tõ đếm đợc số nhiều + động từ số nhiều Eg : - Most of the students are preparing for their holiday 10 All, some, most + danh từ không đếm đợc + động từ số ít Eg : - All the money lost has been found - Most of the information is useless 11 A number of + danh từ đếm đợc số nhiều + động từ số nhiều The number of + danh từ đếm đợc số nhiều + động từ số ít A variety of danh từ đếm đợc số nhiều + động từ số nhiều Eg : - A number of customers go to our shop everyday - The number of students attending evening classes is big 12 A lot of + danh từ đếm đợc số nhiều + động từ số nhiều - A lot of + danh từ không đếm đợc + động từ số ít Eg : - A lot of people are waiting outside - A lot of money was stolen from the shop 13 Two years, twenty dollars + §éng tõ chia sè Ýt Eg : - Two years is a short time in a person's life 14 The rich, the old §éng tõ chia sè nhiÒu Eg : - The old are many in this town 15 Mét sè danh tõ lu«n ë d¹ng sè nhiÒu Eg : - police, people, cattle, earnings, savings, goods, clothes với động từ số nhiÒu Eg : - The police are looking for the murder 16 Danh từ không đếm đợc Eg : information (th«ng tin), money, luggage (hành lý), experience, news, furniture ( đồ đạc), advice, housework, homework * Đi với động từ số ít Eg : - Their advice was useful 17 Mét sè danh tõ cã d¹ng sè Ýt vµ sè nhiÒu gièng Eg : fish, means, series, species Đi với động từ số ít hay nhiều phụ thuộc vào danh từ đằng trớc Eg : - Lorry is a means of transport - Many species of animals are disappearing 18 Mét sè danh tõ kÕt thóc lµ s nhng lµ danh tõ sè Ýt economics, physics, politics, AIDS, news Eg : - The news was shocking 19 Chủ ngữ là danh động từ với động tõ sè Ýt Eg : - Writing many letters makes her happy Exercise: Choose the correct form of the verb in parentheses in the following sentences John, along with twenty friends, (is/are) planning a party The picture of the soldiers (bring/brings) back many memories The quality of these recordings (is/are) not very good If the duties of these officers (is/are) not reduced, there will not be enough time to finish the project The effect of cigarrette smoking (have/has) been proven to be extremely harmful The use of credit cards in place of cash (has/have) increased rapidly in recent years Advertisements on television (is/are) more competitive than ever before Living expenses in this country, as well as in many others, (is/are) at an all-time high Mr John, accompanied by several members of the committee, (have/has) proposed some changes of the rules 10 The levels of intoxication (vary/varies) from subject to subject 11 Neither Bill nor Mary (is/are) going to the play tonight 12 Anything (is/are) better than going to another movie tonight 13 Skating (is/are) becoming more popular everyday 14 A number of reporters (was/were) at the conference yesterday 15 Everybody who (has/have) fever must go home immediately 16 Your glasses (was/were) on the bureau last night 17 A pair of jeans (was/were) in the washing machine this morning 18 Each pupil (has/have) answered the first three questions 19 Either John or his wife (makes/make) breakfast each morning 20 After she had perused the material, the secretary decided that everything (was/were) in order 21 The crowd at the basketball game (was/were) wild with excitement 22/ The number of students who have withdrawn from class this quarter (is/are) appalling Word formation ( CÊu t¹o tõ) I/ Mét sè c¸ch cÊu t¹o Danh tõ * Adj + ness = Nouns - kind (adj) - tö tÕ - kindness (n) - sù tö tÕ, tèt bông - careless (adj) - cÈu th¶ - carelessness (n) - sù cÈu th¶ - happy (adj) - vui vÎ, h¹nh phóc - happiness (n) * Adj + dom = Nouns - free (adj) - tù -freedom (n) - sù tù - bored (adj) - buån ch¸n - boredom (n) - sù buån ch¸n * Adj + th = Nouns : - deep (adj) - s©u - depth (n) - chiÒu s©u - wide (adj) - réng - width (n) - chiÒu réng - long (adj) - length (n) - chiÒu dµi - true (adj) - đúng - truth (n) - sù thùc - warm (adj) - Êm - warmth (n) - h¬i Êm * Adj + ty = Nouns : - certain (adj) - ch¾c ch¾n - certainty (n) - sù ch¾c ch¾n - difficult (adj) - khã - difficulty (n) - khã kh¨n * Adj + ity = Nouns - similar (adj) - gièng, t¬ng tù - similarity (n) - sù gièng - possible (adj) - cã lÏ, cã thÓ - possibility (n) - sù cã thÓ * V + ion / sion / ance / ence / ent = Nouns - congratulate (v) - congratulation (n) - decide (v) - decision (n) - maintain (v) - maintenance (n) - refer (v) - reference (n) - perform (v) - performance (n) - entertain (v) - entertainment (n) - encourage (v) - encouragement (n) - arrange (v) - arrangement (n) - inspire (v) - inspiration (n) * V + er / or = Nouns - sing (v) - singer (n) - perform (v) - performer (n) - act (v) - actor (n) - invent (v) - inventor (n) * Mét sè danh tõ chØ ngêi cã ®u«i ist, ian - science - sicientist (n) - physics - physicist (n) - chemistry - chemist (n) - environment - environmentalist - economy - economist (n) - special - specialist (n) - politics - politician (n) - music - musician (n) - history - historian (n) * TÝnh tõ cã ®u«i "t" chuyÓn sang danh tõ bá "t" thªm "ce " - important (adj) - importance (n) - different (adj) - difference (n) -independent (adj) - independence (n) - patient (adj) - patience(n) II/ Mét sè c¸ch cÊu t¹o TÝnh tõ * Nouns + y = Adj - health (n) - healthy (adj) - day(n) - daily (adj) - week (n) - weekly (adj) - sun (n) - sunny (adj) - rain (n) - chóc mõng - lêi chóc mõng - định - tr× - sù tr× - tham kh¶o, ¸m chØ - sù tham kh¶o - biÓu diÔn - sù biÓu diÔn - gi¶i trÝ - khuyÕn khÝch - sù khuyÕn khÝch - s¾p xÕp - sù s¾p xÕp - g©y c¶m høng - c¶m høng - h¸t - ca sÜ - biÓu diÔn - ngêi biÓu diÔn - diễn, hành động - diÔn viªn - ph¸t minh - ngêi ph¸t minh - khoa häc -nhµ khoa häc - m«n vËt lý - nhµ vËt lý - m«n hãa häc - nhµ hãa häc - m«i trêng - nhµ h® m«i trêng - nÒn kinh tÕ - nhµ kinh tÕ häc - đặc biệt - chuyªn gia - chÝnh trÞ - chÝnh trÞ gia - nh¹c sÜ - lÞch sö - nhµ sö häc - quan träng - tÇm quan träng - kh¸c - sù kh¸c - độc lập - kiªn nhÉn - sù kiªn nh·n - søc kháe - kháe m¹nh - hµng ngµy - hµng tuÇn - rainy (adj) - luck (n) - lucky (adj) - friend (n) - friendly (adj) * Nouns + ful = Adj - care (n) - careful (adj) - beauty (n) - beautiful (adj) - success (n) - successful (adj) - meaning (n) - meaningful (adj) - faith (n) - faithful(adj) *Nouns + less = Adj -care (n) - careless(adj) - end (n) - endless (adj) - sleep (n) - sleepless(adj) * Nouns + al = Adj - nation (n) - national (adj) - office (n) - official (adj) - nature(n) - natural (adj) - experiment (n) - experimental (adj) - tradition(n) - traditional (adj) - profession(n) - professional (adj) - exception(n) - exceptional (adj) *Nouns / Verbs + able = Adj - comfort (n) - comfortable (adj) - suit (v) - suitable (adj) - rely (v) - reliable (adj) - believe (v) - believable (adj) - recognize (v) - recognizable (adj) - enjoy(v) - enjoyable (adj) * V + ive = Adj - create (v) - creative (adj) - imagine (v) - imaginative (adj) - impress (v) - impressive (adj) - attract (v) - attractive (adj) - decide(v) - decisive (adj) * V + ed = Adj - bore (v) - bored - surprise (v) - surprised (adj) - interest (v) - interested (adj) * TÝnh tõ ®u«i ing vµ - cã n¾ng - cã ma - vËn may - may m¾n - b¹n bÌ - th©n thiÖn - quan t©m - cÈn thËn - vẻ đẹp - đẹp - sù thµnh c«ng - thµnh c«ng - nghÜa - cã nghÜa - sù chung thñy - chung thñy - cÈu th¶ - bÊt tËn - mÊt ngñ - quèc gia - thuéc vÒ quèc gia - chÝnh thøc - thiªn nhiªn - thuéc vÒtù nhiªn - thÝ nghiÖm - thö nghiÖm - truyÒn thèng - cã tÝnh truyÒn thèng - nghÒ nghiÖp - chuyªn nghiÖp - ngo¹i trõ, ngo¹i lÖ - kh¸c thêng , hiÕm cã - tiÖn nghi - tiÖn nghi, tho¶i m¸i - phï hîp - phï hîp - phô thuéc, tr«ng cËy - cã thÓ tin cËy - tin tëng - có thể tin đợc - nhËn - cã thÓ nhËn - thÝch - thÝch , thó vÞ - t¹o - s¸ng t¹o - tëng tîng - cã ®Çu ãc tëng tîng - g©y Ên tîng - cã Ên tîng - thu hót - hÊp dÉn - định - có tính định - g©y buån ch¸n - buån ch¸n - g©y ng¹c nhiªn - bÞ ng¹c nhiªn - g©y høng thó ®u«i ed - He's very bored - She is very boring - The film is very boring * Một số cách biến đổi tõ tÝnh tõ sang tÝnh tõ ngîc nghÜa - dis : - honest - dishonest - satisfied - dissatisfied - il : - logical - illogical - legal - illegal - Im : - possible - impossible - polite - impolite - patient - impatient - in : - capable - incapable - active - inactive - correct - incorrect - accurate - inaccurate - Ir : - responsible irresponsible - un : - fair - unfair - happy - unhappy -necessary - unnecessary -important - unimportant - able - unable - healthy - unhealthy - reliable - unreliable - friendly - unfriendly III/ Mét sè c¸ch cÊu tạo động từ * Adj + en = V - thÝch thó - Anh ta ®ang buån ch¸n - C« ta lµ ngêi ch¸n ng¾t - Bé phim rÊt ch¸n - trung thùc - kh«ng - hµi lßng, tháa m·n kh«ng - l« gÝc - phi l« gÝc - hîp ph¸p - bÊt hîp ph¸p - cã thÓ - kh«ng thÓ - lÞch sù - bÊt lÞch sù - kiªn nhÉn - thiÕu kiªn nhÉn - cã kh¶ n¨ng - kh«ng - tÝch cùc, ®ang häat động - không - đúng - không đúng - chÝnh x¸c - kh«ng - cã tr¸ch nhiÖm - v« - short (adj) - shorten (v) - deep (adj) - deepen (v) - wide (adj) - widen (v) - tight (adj) - tighten (v) - ripe (adj) - ripen (v) * Nouns + en = V - length (n) - lengthen (v) - strength (n) - strengthen (v) * En + Noun / Adj =V - rich (adj) - enrich (v) - large (adj) - enlarge (v) - courage (n) - encourage (v) - danger (n) - endanger (v) - able (adj) - enable (v) * Adj / Noun + ize =V - industrial (adj) - industrialize (v) - modern (adj) - modernize (v) - revolution (n) - revolutionize (v) - th©n thiÖn - kh«ng - ng¾n - lµm ng¾n l¹i - s©u - lµm s©u thªm - réng - më réng - chÆt - th¾t chÆt - chÝn - chiÒu dµi - lµm dµi - søc m¹nh - t¨ng cêng - giµu - lµm giµu - réng - më réng - sù dòng c¶m - khuyÕn khÝch, khÝch lÖ - nguy hiÓm - g©y nguy hiÓm - cã kh¶ n¨ng - t¹o kh¶ n¨ng - c«ng b»ng - kh«ng - c«ng nghiÖp - vui - bÊt h¹nh - c«ngnghiÖp hãa - cÇn thiÕt - kh«ng - đại - quan träng - kh«ng - đại hóa - cã kh¶ n¨ng - kh«ng - c¸ch m¹ng - kháe - kh«ng - c¸ch m¹ng hãa - cã thÓ tin cËy kh«ng Mét sè c¸ch nhËn biÕt tõ lo¹i c©u C¸ch nhËn biÕt danh tõ a Danh tõ lµm chñ ng÷ c©u Eg : Unemployment is one of the biggest problems in our country ( Nạn thất nghiệp là vấn đề lớn đất nớc chúng ta) b Danh từ làm bổ ngữ động từ ( đứng sau động từ) Eg : He likes music c Danh từ làm bổ ngữ giới từ ( đứng sau giới từ) Eg : This room is for men d Danh từ đứng sau a, an , the Eg : Cambell wants to become an engineer e Danh từ đứng sau to be Eg : What I need now is money C¸ch nhËn biÕt tÝnh tõ a Tính từ đứng trớc danh từ Eg : Switzerland is a rich country b Tính từ đứng sau to be và số động từ get, look, feel, sound, taste, smell, become Eg : Switzerland is rich C¸ch nhËn biÕt tr¹ng tõ a Trạng từ bổ nghĩa cho động từ thờng Eg : She writes carefully b Trạng từ đứng trớc tính từ và bổ nghĩa cho tính từ Eg : He is terribly mean.( H¾n ta cùc kú keo kiÖt) c Trạng từ đứng đầu câu : Naturally, children like sweets ( Trẻ em thích kẹo là lẽ tự nhiên) Exercise 1: Cho dạng đúng từ ngoặc 1/ The work is still at a very (experiment) level 2/ It's very (health) to live in a damp room 3/ He's promised to come but he's very (rely) 4/ She has an (impress) command of the language 5/ As she is so (satisfaction) with her her present job, she has decided to leave 6/ The new film is (exception) good 7/ You need a lot of (patient) to become a teacher 8/ Do you have a (nation) costume in your country ? 9/ The (perform) she gave last night was marvellous 10/ Does this (arrange) suit you ? 11/ Conversation is one of the most enjoyable forms of (entertain) 12/ The judge told him it was (responsible ) to drink and drive, and banned him for a year 13/ The evening was (enjoy) spent playing cards and talking 14/ The dictionaries are with the other (refer) books 15/ Artists are (create) people 16/ When I have to wait a long time to be served, I start to feel (patient) 17/ It has become almost a (day) topic of conversation 18/ Churchill was not only a famous (politics) but also a respected (history) 19/ My colleagues are very pleasant, but the manager is a little (friend) 20/ He's probably the most (succeed) tennis player of all times 21/ She looks (surprise) beautiful 22/ Her dream is to become an (economy) like her father when she grows up 23/ We are going to (large) our school next year 24/ There are over 50 (music) in the orchestra 25/ John's beginning to grow out of his jeans I'd better (long) them for him this weekend Exercise 2: Cho dạng đúng từ ngoặc 1/ You look more (beauty) in your new dress 2/ This house is too (danger) to live in 3/ The government has promised to deal with the problem of (employ) among young people 4/ One of the (bad) diseases that mankind has ever had is lung cancer 5/ I'm not used to (drive) on the left 5/ Preserving natural resources is of great (important) 6/ Mercury's (year) journey around the sun is only 88 days 6/ Humhry Davy helped Faraday much in his later (discover) 7/ James Watt was one of the world's greatest (invent) 8/ Darwin was the famous English (biology) 9/ Do you know Darwin's theory of (evolve) 10/ He is very (interest) in the article It is very (interest) 12/ Nakata lives in Japan He speaks (Japan) 13/ They come from (Spain), so they speak (Spain) 14/ Do you like (Portugal) ? It is a very interesting language 15/ Mr Putin comes from Russia He speaks (Russia) 16/ Many foreigners find Vietnamese very (difficulty) to learn 17/ They are (wide) the road 18/ (Prevent) is better than cure 19/ (Employ) is one of the biggest (problem) in our country 20/ Do you like (politician) ? No, I like (physicist) 21/ My sister is a (good) cook than I am 22/ Can you drive more (slow) please ? 23/ You must be (care) when you open the door 24/ Ernest Hemingway was a famous (write) 25/ He is the (fat) person I've ever met 26/ There are a lot of (attract) in the city 27/ Thank you for your (use) advice 28/ We have a (week) newspaper in this town 29/ Many women are fond of (play) football 30/ It is the English pronunciation that causes me a lot of (difficult) 31/ He made too many mistakes in his (write) 32/ An speaks English (good) He is a (good) speaker of English His English is (good) than mine He is one of the (good) pupils in my class 33/ We are (bore) with the film It isvery (bore) 34/ His success is (surprise) We are (surprise) at it 35/ (Importance) matches often take place at weekend 36/ I love watching forests from the (high) 37/ We want to buy a (read) lamp 38/ She started learning (Italy) years ago 39/ English is by far the most (wide) used 40/ Engels was a German (philosophy) 41/ (Overeat) and physical inactivity add to the causes of these killing diseases 42/ The old lady goes (bushwalk) everyday 43/ That man is (help) We all like him 44/ Many species of rare animals have already become (extinction) 45/ Air (pollute) is a serious problem nowadays 46/ His accident is due to his (care) Prepositions ( Giíi tõ) 1/ In * ChØ thêi gian (Vµo) - in summer - in 1990 - in June - in the morning - in the afternoon - in the future - in the past - in two weeks = In two weeks' time - My exam will be in weeks * ChØ n¬i chèn, vÞ trÝ - in Ha noi - in the class - in the river - in the sky - in a newspaper - arrive in Ha noi - arrive at the station * Côm tõ - in bed - in English - in time for sth - I arrived in time for the meeting - in the end - in the beginning - in doubt - The result was in doubt - In the corner of the room - get in touch with - once in a while 2/ At *ChØ thêi gian - at o'clock - at Christmas - at midnight - at dawn - at night - at the weekend - at sunset - at the age of 30 *ChØ n¬i chèn , vÞ trÝ - at the cinema - at the station - at the airport - at the top of - at the bottom of - at the corner of the street * Côm tõ - at home - at work - at present - at the same time - at the beginning of - at the end of - at once - at least (2 weeks) - at times - at first - at last - at a speed of 100 km an hour 3/ On * ChØ thêi gian - on Monday - on June st * Chỉ địa điểm, vị trí - on the table - on the third floor - on the outskirts (of ) * Côm tõ - vµo mïa hÌ - vµo n¨m 1990 - vµo th¸ng -vµo buæi s¸ng - t¬ng lai - qu¸ khø - tuÇn n÷a - Kú thi cña t«i sÏ diÔn tuÇn n÷a - ë HN - ë líp - ë trªn s«ng - ë trªn trêi - ë trªn b¸o - đến HN - đến nhà ga - ë trªn giêng - b»ng tiÕng Anh - kịp thời gian để làm gì - Tôi đến kịp thời gian để họp - cuèi cïng - lóc ®Çu - nghi ngê - KÕt qu¶ bÞ nghi ngê - ë gãc phßng - liªn l¹c víi - occasionally 2/ At - vµo lóc giê - vµo lÔ gi¸ng sinh -vào nửa đêm - vµo lóc b×nh minh - vào ban đêm - vµo cuèi tuÇn - vµo lóc hoµng h«n - vào độ tuổi 30 - t¹i r¹p - ë nhµ ga - ë s©n bay - ë ®Çu cña - ë cuèi cña - ë gãc phè - ë nhµ - ë n¬i lµm viÖc - ë hiÖn t¹i - cïng lóc - vµo ®Çu cña - vµo cuèi cña - lËp tøc - Ýt nhÊt (2 tuÇn) - sometimes - lóc ®Çu - cuèi cïng - với tốc độ - vµo thø hai - vµo ngµy - ë trªn bµn - ë trªn tÇng - in the suburb (of ) - on arrival / arriving - on seeing / hearing - on the radio - on TV - on holiday - on business - on fire - on a diet - on strike - on purpose - on the phone - She's on the phone - on time The train arrived on time - Go on a trip to - on the whole - On the whole, I like this film - on the way to - on the way back - on my own = by myself - on the other hand - on sale - My house is on sale * Lu ý : Kh«ng dïng on/in /at víi last/ next/ this / every week, month today,tomorrow, yesterday 4/ For and during * For - for weeks - for good * During - during the party, the holiday For - He did it for me - go for my holiday a short holiday 5/ To - come to - get to - reach the station - come home - enter the room 6/ In to - come into the room - break into the house - get ino the bus, car 7/ Onto - get onto the train on bus - get onto the boat 8/ Out of - get out of the house - get out of the bus off - out of date - out of order -The lift is out of order - out of work - out of the question 9/ By * ChØ thêi gian - by o'clock - by the time we come back - by the end of this month * ChØ vÞ trÝ - by the window - by the sea - He lives by the sea * Côm tõ - by car, bus, train - by air, sea, land - đến -khi nh×n thÊy, nghe thÊy - trên đài - trªn TV - ®i nghØ - ®i c«ng t¸c - ®ang ch¸y - ¨n kiªng - đình công - có mục đích - trªn ®iÖn tho¹i - C« Êy ®ang nãi chuyÖn ®iÖn tho¹i - đúng - Tàu đến đúng - Cã chuyÕn ®i tíi - nh×n chung - Nh×n chung t«i thÝch bé phim nµy - trên đờng tới - trên đờng trở - mét m×nh t«i - mÆt kh¸c - đợc giao bán * Dïng víi kho¶ng thêi - đợc tuần - forever * §i víi danh tõ - thêi gian b÷a tiÖc, kú nghØ - Chỉ mục đích Anh làm việc đó cho tôi - ®i nghØ 5/ Tới, đến - tíi nhµ ga - vÒ nhµ - vµo phßng 6/ Vµo - vµo phßng - đột nhập vào nhà - lªn xe 7/ Lªn trªn - lªn tµu, xe - lªn thuyÒn 8/Ra khái - khái nhµ - xuèng xe buýt - lçi thêi - háng - thang m¸y bÞ háng - thÊt nghiÖp - kh«ng thÓ 9/ By - kho¶ng giê - cho tíi chóng t«i quay vÒ - cho tíi cuèi th¸ng Bªn c¹nh - c¹nh cöa sæ - bªn bê biÓn Anh Êy sèng c¹nh bê biÓn - by post - by accident - by mistake - by then - by far (dïng c©u so s¸nh nhÊt) 10/ Along - Go along the street 11/ Over - On - Over the river - A bridge over the river - on the table - on - over 12/ Under - Below - under the bed - He lives below me 13/ Beside = Next to - beside the table 14/ Besides - Besides English, he is also good at French - Besides helping me to the work, he also gave me some books 15/ Between - Among - Between A and B - Among the people 16/ With - He argued with his wife - Write with a pen - The girl with brown hair 17/ Like - As - He works as a doctor - I regard / consider him as my best friend As -They did as I showed - as I thought said expected - as usual Like - He is a worker like me - Nothing like this ever happened before - Some singers like / such as My Linh, wanted to perform abroad 18/ From to until till - From 2.00 to 5.00 - till - until - He works until o'clock - from time to time - He visits me from time to time 19/ But/ Except - Nobody but Tom knew the way = Nobody knew the way except Tom - b»ng tµu , xe - đờng không , biển, - đờng bu điện - t×nh cê - nhÇm, s¬ suÊt - lúc đó - This car is by far the best here 10/ Däc theo - §i däc theo phè 11/ë trªn - ë trªn s«ng - cÇu trªn s«ng - ë trªn bµn Cã sù tiÕp gi¸p gi÷a vËt Kh«ng cã sù tiÕp gi¸p 12/ë díi - ë díi gÇm giêng - Nã sèng tÇng díi 13/Bªn c¹nh - c¹nh bµn 14/Ngoµi - Ngoµi tiÕng Anh, nã cßn giái tiÕng Ph¸p- Ngoµi lµm hé t«i, nã cßn cho t«i mîn s¸ch 15/ë gi÷a - Gi÷a A vµ B - Gi÷a mäi ngêi 16/Víi - ¤ng Êy c·i víi vî - ViÕt b»ng bót - C« g¸i tãc n©u 17/Gièng nh - Anh Êy lµ b¸c sÜ - T«i coi anh Êy nh b¹n th©n nhÊt cña m×nh Dïng nh liªn tõ - Hä lµm nh t«i híng dÉn - Nh t«i nghÜ nãi mong đợi - nh th«ng lÖ Nh - Anh Êy lµ c«ng nh©n gièng nh t«i - Tríc ®©y cha cã chuyÖn nh nµy x¶y - Mét vµi ca sÜ nh Mü Linh muèn biÓu diÔn ë níc ngoµi 18/ Từ Từ đến - cho tíi - ¤ng Êy lµm viÖc cho tíi tËn giê - thØnh tho¶ng - ThØnh tho¶ng th¨m t«i 19/ Ngo¹i trõ - Không ngoài Tom biết đờng Exercise : §iÒn mét giíi tõ thÝch hîp vµo chç trèng nÕu cÇn This tea is awful It tastes water I feel asleep the film Production at the factory was seriously affected the strike Sue was angry me She didn't speak to me a week Fred has gone away He'll be away Monday I'll see you Monday They are holding a meeting next Friday Pauline got married 18 May 1992 Hurry up ! We've got to go five minutes 10 I don't like travelling night 11 The telephone and the door bell rang the same time 12 The bus was late this morning, but it's usually time 13 Mr Henry is 63 He'll be retiring from his job years' time 14 I'm going away the end of the month 15 It took me a long time to find a job the end I got a job in a hotel 16 Are you going away the beginning of August or the end ? 17 I love to look up at the stars the sky night 18 My brother lives a small village the South of Laos 19 I like to get up time for breakfast before going to work 20 "Where shall we sit ?" - "Over there, the corner" 21 I don't know where my umbrella is Perhaps I left the bus 22 Shall we travel your car or mine ? 23 Tom is ill He isn't work today He is home bed 24 I wasn't in when you phoned I was my sister's house 25 Paul lives London He's a student London University 26 Have you ever been China ? 27 We had lunch the airport while we are waiting our plane 28 Welcome our hotel We hope you enjoy your stay here 29 What time did you get home last night ? 30 Look! That car is fire Somebody should call the fire brigade 31 The Earth travels around the Sun a speed of 107,000 kilometres an hour 32 I'm sorry It was an accident I didn't it purpose 33 - Did you enjoy your holiday ? - Not every minute, but the whole, yes 34 Workers at the factory have gone strike better pay and conditions 35.I think she should go a diet 36 In Britain, children start school the age of five 37 I'm going to Scotland a short holiday 38 We didn't go holiday last month We went business 39 The plane was badly damaged lightning 40 What time did he reach the farm yesterday ? 41 I didn't intend to take your hat I took it mistake 42 He usually goes to work bus, but this morning he went to work a taxi 43 The door must be opened a key 44 He sent me a present post 45 my opinion, the film wasn't very good 46 She is considered the best singer in her country 47 Which one you like best these pictures ? 48 He entered the room greeting anyone 49 I want to get at the next bus-stop 50 After getting the bus, she was lucky enough to have a good seat 51 It is more expensive to go air than land 52 stamps, I collect old coins 53 His address is the bottom of the page 54 hearing of the death of her father, she burst into tears Prepositions ( Giíi tõ) - Part I/ Nouns + Prep I/ Danh tõ + Giíi tõ * demand for sth * yªu cÇu, nhu cÇu vÒ c¸i g× - need - There isn't enough demand for that kind of - Không có đủ nhu cầu loại sách đó book - There's a great need for a new plan - RÊt cÇn cã mét kÕ ho¹ch míi * reason for sth * lý cho ®iÒu g× - No one knows the reason for the train's delay - Kh«ng biÕt lý tµu chËm * advantage/ disadvantage of doing sth * ThuËn lîi/ bÊt lîi cña viÖc lµm g× - The advantage of living alone - ThuËn lîi cña viÖc sèng mét m×nh -The disadvantage of living in the city - BÊt lîi cña viÖc sèng ë thµnh phè - There's an advantage in doing sth - Cã lîi thÕ lµm g× * cause of sth * nguyªn nh©n cña viÖc g× - The cause of the explosion - Nguyªn nh©n cña vô næ * photograph of sth * TÊm ¶nh, bøc ¶nh vÒ picture - Some photographs of my family - Một vài ảnh gia đình * an increase in sth * T¨ng vÒ c¸i g× a rise a fall a decrease - There has been an increase in the number of road accidents * damage to sth - They had to pay for the damage to my car * an invitation to the party * a solution to the problem * a key to sth - a key to success * an answer to sth - I couldn't find the answer to his question * a reply to sth - There was no reply to his letter * a reaction to sth - I was surprised at her reaction to my suggestion * an attitude to/ towards sth / sb - His attitude to his job * difference between and - There are some differences between my views and his * a connection with - My talk has no connection with you * intention of doing sth - I had no intention of visiting him * an impression on - She made a deep impression on her boss * influence on sb/sth - The influence of the weather on the environment * a habit of doing sth - He made a habit of using the office telephone * experience of/in doing sth - She has much experience of teaching II/ Adjectives + Preps * nice of sb to sth kind careless - It is very kind of you to help me * nice to sb kind - She's always kind to me * angry about sth annoyed - I'm angry about his mistakes * angry / annoyed with sb for doing sth - He got angry with me for my being late * excited about sth/doing sth - Are you excited about going on holiday next week ? * worry about sth/sb - Are you worried about your exam ? * nervous about sth * delighted with sth * pleased - He was delighted with his mother's present * satisfied with sth * dissatisfied - She is satisfied with her new house * disappointed with sb/sth - I was disappointed with my study result * disappointed about sth * surprised at / by sth * amazed astonished - Gi¶m vÒ c¸i g× - §· cã sù t¨ng lªn vÒ sè lîng vô tai n¹n giao th«ng * H hại, h hỏng cái gì -Họ phải toán thiệt hại xe tôi * lêi mêi tíi dù tiÖc * giải pháp cho vấn đề * ch×a khãa cho c¸i g× - ch×a khãa cho sù thµnh c«ng * c©u tr¶ lêi cho ®iÒu g× - T«i kh«ng thÓ t×m c©u tr¶ lêi cho c©u hái cña nã * Lời đáp cho cái gì - Kh«ng cã håi ©m cho l¸ th cña nã * ph¶n øng l¹i c¸i g× - T«i ng¹c nhiªn vÒ phản ứng cô đề nghị tôi * thái độ ai, điều gì - thái độ anh công việc * kh¸c biÖt gi÷a vµ - Cã mét vµi kh¸c biÖt gi÷a quan ®iÓm cña nã vµ t«i * Sù liªn quan víi - C©u chuyÖn cña t«i kh«ng liªn quan g× tíi anh * ý định làm gì - Tôi không có ý định thăm anh * ấn tợng - Cô đã gây ấn tợng sâu sắc với ông chủ * ảnh hởng - Sự ảnh hởng thời tiết môi trờng * thãi quen lµm g× - H¾n cã thãi quen sö dông ®iÖn tho¹i v¨n phßng * kinh nghiÖm lµm g× - C« Êy cã nhiÒu kinh nghiÖm gi¶ng d¹y II/ TÝnh tõ + Giíi tõ * đó tử tế làm gì tèt bông cÈu th¶ - Anh thËt tèt bông gióp t«i * tö tÕ tèt bông - C« Êy lu«n tèt víi t«i * Tøc giËn vÒ ®iÒu g× bùc m×nh - T«i bùc vÒ lçi cña nã * Tøc giËn víi v× lµm g× - Anh ta bực với tôi vì tôi đến muộn * phÊn khÝch vÒ ®iÒu g× - CËu cã thÝch ®i nghØ tuÇn tíi kh«ng ? * lo l¾ng vÒ ®iÒu g× - CËu cã lo l¾ng vÒ kú thi kh«ng ? * håi hép vÒ ®iÒu g× * vui víi c¸i g× - Nã vui víi mãn quµ cña mÑ * tháa m·n víi c¸i g× * kh«ng hµi lßng - C« Êy hµi lßng víi ng«i nhµ míi cña m×nh * thÊt väng víi - T«i thÊt väng víi kÕt qu¶ häc tËp cña m×nh * thÊt väng vÒ ®iÒu g× * ng¹c nhiªn bëi - We were surprised at the news * impressed with/by her appearance * fed up / bored with sth/ doing sth - He's fed up with his job * sorry for doing sth - I'm sorry for being late * feel sorry for sb * typical of - It's typical of her to come late * tired of doing sth - I'm tired of listening to his songs - I'm tired of his playing the guitar * certain of sth sure about sth - We are not sure about that * good/ bad at sth / doing sth excellent at sth/ doing brilliant - Mr Hoan is good at cooking * get/ be married to sb -get/ be engaged to sb - Mary is married to a rich man - He's married with children * similar to sth - Your hat is similar to mine * different from sth/sb - The house was different from what I visualized * interested in sth/doing sth - I'm interested in music * dependent on sb/sth - I don't want to be dependent on her * afraid frightened of sth / doing sth terrified scared - She's afraid of living on her own in a big city * fond of sth/doing sth keen on - I'm fond of watching football * keen on sth - Nam is keen on English * proud of sth/sb - He's always proud of his garden * ashamed of sth - Weren't you ashamed of your mistake ? * jealous of sth/sb envious - She's always jealous of other people * suspicious of sth/sb - She was suspicious of my intentions * aware of sth - They weren't aware of the danger * capable of sth/doing sth incapable - He's capable of doing this job * full of sth/sb short - He's full of life - The room is full of people - I'm short of money * independent of sb - He's independent of his parents * crowded with - The bus was crowded with passengers * famous for sth - Da Lat is famous for its scenery * responsible for sth/doing sth - Who's responsible for breaking the glass ? III/ Verb + Prep söng sèt - Chúng tôi ngạc nhiên với tin đó * bÞ g©y Ên tîng bëi vÎ bÒ ngoµi cña c« ta * ch¸n víi c¸i g×/lµm g× - Anh ta ch¸n víi c«ng viÖc cña m×nh * xin lỗi vì đã làm gì - Tôi xin lỗi vì đến muộn * c¶m thÊy th¬ng h¹i cho * điển hình, đặc trng - Cô ta có tính hay đến muộn * Ch¸n víi, mÖt mái víi - T«i ch¸n nghe nh÷ng bµi h¸t cña - T«i ch¸n nghe h¾n ch¬i ghi ta * ch¾c ch¾n vÒ ®iÒu g× - Chúng tôi không điều đó * giái / kÐm vÒ ®iÒu g× xuÊt s¾c vÒ ®iÒu g×/ lµm g× - ¤ng Hoµn giái nÊu níng * Cíi - §Ýnh h«n - Mary cới ngời đàn ông giàu có - Ông ta đã lập gia đình và có * t¬ng tù nh c¸i g× - Mò cña cËu gièng cña t«i * kh¸c víi - Ng«i nhµ kh¸c víi nh÷ng g× t«i h×nh dung * thÝch ®iÒu g× - T«i thÝch ©m nh¹c * phô thuéc vµo ai/ ®iÒu g× - T«i kh«ng muèn phô thuéc vµo c« Êy * sî ai/ ®iÒu g× - C« ta sî sèng mét m×nh ë thµnh phè * thÝch c¸i g× - Tôi thích xem bóng đá * giái vÒ - Nam giái tiÕng Anh * tù hµo vÒ - ¤ng ta lu«n tù hµo vÒ c¸i vên cña m×nh * xÊu hæ vÒ - CËu kh«ng thÊy xÊu hæ vÒ lçi cña m×nh µ ? * Ghen tÞ víi - C« ta lu«n ghen víi ngêi kh¸c * Nghi ngê ai/ ®iÒu g× - Bà ta nghi ngờ ý định tôi * nhËn thøc vÒ - Họ không ý thức đợc hiểm nguy * Cã kh¶ n¨ng lµm g× - Kh«ng cã kh¶ n¨ng - Anh Êy cã kh¶ n¨ng lµm viÖc nµy * ®Çy c¸i g×/ thiÕu c¸i g× - Anh ta ®Çy søc sèng - C¨n phßng ®Çy ngêi - T«i thiÕu tiÒn * độc lập với - Cậu độc lập với bố mẹ * đông đúc - Xe buýt đông hành khách * næi tiÕng vÒ ®iÒu g× - Đà Lạt tiếng cảnh đẹp * ChÞu tr¸ch nhiÖm vÒ - Ai chÞu tr¸ch nhiÖm vÒ viÖc lµm vì c¸i ly ? * laugh / smile at sb * aim at sth/sb - They laughed at his clothes * talk to sb with * talk of sb/sth about * throw sth at sb - Somebody threw a rotten egg at the President * shout at sb - She always shouts at her husband * explain sth to sb describe - He couldn't explain the problem to us * apologise to sb for doing sth - She apologised for saying that * thank sb for sth * ask sb for sth - Lan usually asks her mother for money * care about sth/sb - He's selfish He doesn't care about other people * care what/where - I don't care what you * take care of sb - Take care of yourself * take after sb - He takes after his father * apply for the job * look for sth/sb * leave for work Hanoi *dream of doing sth - She often dreams of being rich * hear about sth - Did you hear about the robbery ? * hear from sb - Do you often hear from your brother ? * think about sth/sb - I'm thinking about buying a new house * remind sb about sth - I remind him about the meeting * remind sb of sth - This piece of music reminds me of my childhood * complain to sb about sth - We complained to the manager about the service * warn sb of/about sth - warn everybody of the danger * consist of - This book consists of three chapters * die of - He died of a heart-attack * approve of - Her parents don't approve of her marriage * pay for sth - He didn't have enough money to pay for the meal * pay sb * blame sb for sth - Everybody blamed him for the accident * suffer from sth - He suffered from a headache * protect sb from sth - We protected the children from the danger * depend on - It depends on the weather III/ §éng tõ + Giíi tõ * cêi * nh»m vµo - Hä cêi quÇn ¸o cña nã * nãi chuyÖn víi * nãi chuyÖn vÒ * nÐm c¸i g× vµo - Ai đó đã ném trứng thối vào Tổng thống * la m¾ng - Bµ ta lu«n la m¾ng chång * gi¶ng gi¶i c¸i g× cho m« t¶ - Anh ta không thể giảng giải vấn đề cho chúng t«i * xin lỗi vì đã làm gì - Cô ta xin lỗi vì đã nói điều đó * c¶m ¬n v× ®iÒu g× * xin c¸i g× - Lan thêng xin tiÒn mÑ * quan t©m tíi c¸i g× - H¾n ta rÊt Ých kû Anh ta kh«ng quan t©m tíi ngêi kh¸c - T«i kh«ng quan t©m tíi nh÷ng g× cËu lµm * quan t©m tíi * gièng - CËu Êy gièng bè * nộp đơn xin việc * t×m kiÕm ai/ c¸i g× * ®i lµm ®i Hµ néi * m¬ lµm g× - C« ta thêng m¬ trë lªn giµu cã * nghe vÒ c¸i g× - CËu cã nghe tin g× vÒ vô trém kh«ng ? * nhận đợc tin từ - Bạn có thờng nhận đợc tin từ anh trai không? * nghÜ vÒ ®iÒu g× - T«i ®ang nghÜ vÒ viÖc mua mét ng«i nhµ míi * nh¾c vÒ c¸i g× - T«i nh¾c anh Êy vÒ cuéc häp * gîi cho nhí vÒ c¸i g× - B¶n nh¹c gîi cho t«i nhí vÒ tuæi th¬ * phµn nµn víi vÒ ®iÒu g× - Chúng tôi phàn nàn với giám đốc việc phục vô * c¶nh b¸o vÒ c¸i g× - c¶nh b¸o mäi ngêi vÒ hiÓm nguy * bao gåm - Cuèn s¸ch nµy bao gåm ch¬ng * chÕt bëi - ¤ng Êy chÕt v× bÖnh tim * C«ng nhËn, t¸n thµnh - Bè mÑ c« Êy kh«ng t¸n thµnh cuéc h«n nh©n cña c« * tr¶ tiÒn cho c¸i g× - Anh ta không có đủ tiền để trả bữa ăn * tr¶ tiÒn * đổ tội vì cái gì - Mọi ngời đổ tội anh gây tai nạn * chÞu ¶nh hëng tõ c¸i g× - Anh Êy bÞ ®au ®Çu * b¶o vÖ khái c¸i g× - Chóng t«i b¶o vÖ lò trÎ khái hiÓm nguy * phô thuéc vµo - Phô thuéc vµo thêi tiÕt * rely on sb - You can rely on him * live on sth - We can't live on our salary * congratulate sb on sth - We congratulated Mai on her success * tin cËy vµo - CËu cã thÓ tin cËy vµo nã * sèng nhê vµo c¸i g× - Chúng ta không thể sống nhờ vào đồng lơng * chóc mõng v× c¸i g× - Chóng t«i chóc mõng Mai vÒ thµnh c«ng cña c« Êy * compliment sb on sth * khen vÒ c¸i g× - We complimented him on his academic result - Chóng t«i khen ngîi cËu Êy vÒ kÕt qu¶ häc tËp * thµnh c«ng vÒ lµm g× * succeed in doing sth - Anh thành công kiếm đợc việc Hà - He succeeded in finding a good job in Ha noi néi * gÆp ph¶i * run into - T«i gÆp b¹n cò ®ang tíi n¬i lµm viÖc - I ran into my old friend while going to work * ®©m vµo * crash into - ChiÕc xe ®©m vµo chiÕc xe t¶i - A car crashed into a lorry * đột nhập vào * break into - Nhà tôi đã bị trộm đột nhập vào - Our house was broken into * chia thµnh * divide into - Cuốn sách đợc chia thành phần - This book is divided into parts * dÞch sang * translate into - Cuốn sách ông đợc dịch sang tiếng - His book was translated into French Ph¸p * fill sth with sth * lÊp ®Çy c¸i g× - fill this saucepan with water - đổ đầy nớc vào chảo * provide sb with sth * cung cÊp cho c¸i g× supply - They provided the poor children with food - Ngêi ta cung cÊp l¬ng thùc cho trÎ em nghÌo * nµi nØ lµm g× * insist on doing sth - Cô ta nài nỉ đợc với chúng tôi - She insisted on going with us * tiªu tiÒn vµo c¸i g× * spend on sth - C« H¶i tiªu nhiÒu tiÒn s¾m quÇn ¸o - Ms Hai spent much money on clothes * hßa thuËn víi * get on with sb get along - Hä sèng hßa thuËn víi - They are getting on with each other * xuÊt hiÖn * turn up - Nã sÏ xuÊt hiÖn th«i - He will turn up before long * cÊt c¸nh (m¸y bay) * take off * cëi * take sth off - Cëi giµy - Take off your shoes * đảm nhận cái gì * take over sth - Khi mẹ anh vắng, anh đảm nhận công - When his mother was away he took over her viÖc cña bµ business * tiÕp thu ®iÒu g× * take sth in - Hä kh«ng tiÕp thu nh÷ng g× t«i nãi - They didn't take in what I was saying * tham gia vµo * take part in - C« ta kh«ng thÝch tham gia vµo th¶o luËn - She doesn't like to take part in group nhãm discussion * b¾t kÞp víi * keep up with sb - T«i kh«ng thÓ b¾t kÞp cËu CËu ®i nhanh qu¸ - I can't keep up with you You are walking too fast * c¾t gi¶m c¸i g× * cut down on sth - ¤ng ta ®ang gi¶m dÇn hót thuèc - He's trying to cut down on smoking * mÆc vµo * put on - §i giÇy vµo - Put the shoes on * tr× ho·n * put off - Họ định hoãn họp - They decided to put off the meeting * nu«i nÊng * bring sb up - Cô đợc nuôi nấng tốt - She was well brought up * hñy bá * call sth off - Chúng tôi định hủy bỏ trận đấu - We decided to call off the match * triÓn khai kÕ ho¹ch * carry out the plan * tiÕp tôc lµm g× * carry on doing sth - Tôi thấy khó làm việc đó - I find it difficult to carry on working there * theo kÞp * catch up with sb * t×nh cê b¾t gÆp c¸i g× * come across sth - T«i b¾t gÆp bøc tranh cò ®ang t×m hé - I came across this old picture when I was chiÕu looking for my passport * vît qua c¸i g× * get over sth - Ông đã vợt qua đau tim - He got over a bad heart-attack * keep on doing sth * let sb down * pick sb up * put aside * send for a doctor * set off (early) * tiÕp tôc lµm g× * lµm thÊt väng * đón *dµnh dôm * gäi b¸c sÜ * khëi hµnh (sím) Exercise : §iÒn mét giíi tõ thÝch hîp vµo chç trèng 1.There are some differences British and American English Money isn't a solution every problem There has been an increase the amount of traffic on that road There are many advantages being able to speak a foreign language What was Emma's reaction the news ? The advantage having a car is that you don't have to rely public transport When Paul left home his attitude his parents seemed to change Bill and I used to be good friends but I didn't have much contact him now The company has rejected the workers' demand a rise pay 10 Everything can be explained There is a reason everything 11 Ken showed me a photo the house where he used to live 12 I was delighted the present you gave me 13 It was very nice you to the shopping for me 14 They didn't reply to my letter, which was very impolite them 15 We enjoyed our holiday, but we were a bit disappointed the hotel 16 Are you angry what happened ? 17 I'm sorry what I said I hope you are not angry me 18 Linda doesn't look well I'm worried her 19 I was surprised the way he behaved 20 He's not satisfied his progress 21 They were quite excited the match 22 We weren't very impressed his appearance 23 I was very angry them making so much noise 24 He felt sorry the children 25 The letter Ba wrote was full mistakes 26 My town is famous green bean cakes 27 I'm not ashamed what I did In fact, I'm quite proud it 28 These days everybody is aware the danger of smoking 29 The station platform is crowded people 30 I'm tired doing the same thing everyday 31 I don't think she's capable telling a lie 32 It's typical Minh to invent stories like that 33 Our house is similar yours 34 He's totally dependent his parents 35 We'd better phone the restaurant to reserve a table 36 I apologise Bridgit the misunderstanding 37 I explained everybody what they had to 38 Mike describe me how the accident happened 39 I promise I'll take good care it 40 I don't care the cost of the holiday 41 I'm glad you reminded me his birthday 42 This house reminds me the one I live in when I was small 43 We warned our children the fierce dog 44 They complained their neighbour his naughty son 45 My mother suffered a very bad headache 46 You know that you can rely me if you ever need any help 47 The apartment consists three rooms 48 The accident was my fault, so I had to pay the damage 49 Many people are dying hunger 50 They wore warm clothes to protect themselves the cold 51 I complimented her her English 52 I don't know whether I'll go out tonight It depends how I feel 53 The school provides all its students books 54 A strange thing happened me a few days ago 55 I hope you succeed getting what you want 56 Do you spend much money clothes ? 57 I felt quite cold, but Peter insisted having the window open 58 I was nervous when the plane took 59 You're walking too fast I can't keep up you 60 Don't wake the children ! 61 When his mother died, he was brought by his uncle Qu¸n tõ (A, An, The) I/ The ( Quán từ xác định) 1/ The đợc sử dụng với danh từ đợc nhắc lại lần thứ : - There's a man behind me The man is old ( Một ngời đàn ông sau tôi Ông ta già rồi) 2/ The đợc sử dụng với vật, thứ mà ngời nghe và ngời nói biết : - There's a chair in the sitting-room 3/ The đợc sử dụng với từ xác định không phải nói chung : - I love the people I'm working with T«i quÝ nh÷ng ngêi mµ t«i lµm cïng 4/ The đợc sử dụng vật, thứ : - the earth, the sun, the moon, the only one, the smallest house (so s¸nh nhÊt) 5/ The + adj ( ChØ mét nhãm ngêi) + §éng tõ sè nhiÒu : - The rich ( ngêi giµu), the poor, the unemployed, the homeless ( ngêi v« gia c), the old 6/ The đợc sử dụng với sông biển, đại dơng : - The Red Sea, The River Thames, the Atlantic Ocean 7/ The đợc sử dụng với nớc có đuôi số nhiều s : - The Philipines, The Netherlands, The United States 8/ The đợc sử dụng với từ quốc tịch : - The French ( ngêi Ph¸p), The English, the Vietnamese + §éng tõ sè nhiÒu 9/ The Browns : Gia đình nhà Brown 10/ The thêng ®i víi : The ground (đất), the source (nguồn) , the root (cội rễ), the cinema, the theatre, the radio, the truth, the police, the same, play the piano, play the guitar - I can't play the guitar ( T«i kh«ng biÕt ch¬i ghi ta) - I don't have a guitar (T«i kh«ng cã ghi ta) 12/ The first, the second, the last 13/ Cụm từ cố định không dùng the: - at home, at work, go to bed, in bed, at school, go to hospital, go to school, watch TV, in nature 14/ Nh÷ng trêng hîp kh«ng dïng the : - Kh«ng dïng the víi hå : West Lake - Kh«ng dïng the víi breakfast, lunch, dinner - Kh«ng dïng the víi Room 5, page 12 - Không dùng the với địa danh gắn với tên ngời : Le Van Tam Park, Camden Town II/ A, An - An đợc sử dụng trớc danh từ bắt đầu là nguyên âm (Sau đã phiên âm) Eg: - a university , a one-eyed man, an onion - A đợc sử dụng trớc danh từ bắt đầu là phụ âm : a hat, a pen - A, an đợc sử dụng trớc danh từ đếm đợc nhắc tới lần đầu : There's a chair in the sitting-room The chair is nice A kh«ng dïng víi breakfast, lunch, dinner (nhng ta nãi : a good breakfast) Những cụm cố định không dùng với a, an : on holiday, by car, business, on business, on purpose (có mục đích) Exercise: §iÒn a, an , the vµo chç trèng nÕu cÇn 1/ I saw accident this morning car crashed into tree driver of car wasn't hurt but car was badly damaged 2/ It's beautiful day Let's sit in garden 3/ We had dinner in most expensive restaurant in town 4/ Do you often listen to radio ? - No, In fact, I haven't got radio 5/ I lay down on ground and look up at sky 6/ Mary and I arrived at same time 7/ You'll find information you need at top of page 8/ I had very nice breakfast this morning 9/ Two people were injured in the accident and were taken to hospital this morning 10/ She usually goes to school on foot 11/ I went to school yesterday to invite headmaster to the party 12/ milk is good for children 13/ Can you pass me pepper please ? 14/ I like meeting people 15/ She likes people she's working with 16/ French are famous for their generosity 17/ He is living in Netherlands now 18/ Seychelles are a group of islands in Indian Ocean 19/ There was knock on door I opened it and found small dark man in blue overcoat He said he was employee of the gas company and had come to read meter But I had suspicion that he wasn't speaking truth because meter readers usually wear peaked caps However I took him to meter, which is in dark corner under stairs ( meters are usually in dark corners under stairs) I asked if he had torch; he said he disliked torches and always read meters by light of match I remarked that if there was leak in gaspine, there might be explosion while he was reading meter He said, "As matter of fact, there was explosion in last house I visited; and Mr Smith, owner of house, was burnt in face." "Mr Smith was holding lighted match at time of explosion." To prevent possible repetition of this accident, I lend him torch He switched on torch, read meter and wrote the readings down on back of envelope I said in surprise that meter readers usually put readings down in book He said that he had book but that it had been burnt in fire in Mr Smith's house By this time I had come to conclusion that he wasn't genuine meter reader; and moment he left house, I rang police 20/ My aunt lived on ground floor of old house on River Thames She was very much afraif of burglars and always locked up house carefully before she went to bed She also took precaution of looking under bed to see if burglar was hiding there " modern burglars don't hide under beds", said her daughter "I'll go on looking as same", said my aunt One morning she rang her daughter in triump "I found burglar under bed last night", she said, "and he was quite young man." 21/ My neighbour is photographer; let's ask him for advice 22/ poor are many in rural areas in Viet Nam 23/ " Do you often watch TV ?" "- No, I haven't got TV set" 24/ I don't want to business this month I want to go on holiday