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Press keys to or '+' to expand levels Click the text to link to a heading Welcome to 'The Practice of Chinese Medicine' Click to browse by Cross References Giovanni Maciocia CAc(Nanjing) Acupuncturist and Medical Herbalist Lecturer at the Norsk Akupunktur Skole, Oslo, Norway Lecturer at the Acupuncture Foundation of Ireland, Dublin, Republic of Ireland Guest Lecturer at Pacific College of Oriental Medicine, San Diego, USA Guest Lecturer at Scuola Italo-Cinese di Agopuntura (Associazione Medici Agopuntori Bolognesi), Bologna, Italy Honorary Lecturer at the Nanjing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China Foreword by Professor Zhou Zhong Ying Former President, Nanjing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Publisher's Notes CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE Medical Division of Longman Group UK Limited Distributed in the United States of America by Churchill Livingstone Inc., 650 Avenue of the Americas, New York, (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone N Y 10011, and by associated companies, branches and representatives throughout the world a Giovanni Maciocia 1994 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without either the prior written permission of the publishers (Churchill Livingstone, Robert Stevenson House, 1-3 Baxter's Place, Leith Walk, Edinburgh EH13AF), or a licence permitting restricted copying in the United Kingdom issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P 9HE First published 1994 Reprinted 1994 (twice) ISBN 0-443-043051 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data(1) Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data(2) Print Edition Publisher: Mary Law Project Editor: Dinah Thom Production Controller: Neil Dickson Sales Promotion Executive: Hilary Brown Electronic Edition Commissioning Editor: Inta Ozols Senior Project Manager: Alison Leese Technical Manager: Eric Briggs Cover Design: Jeanette Jacobs Foreword Traditional Chinese internal medicine is the basis of all specialities of Chinese medicine It systematically reflects Chinese medicine's method of determining treatment on the basis of differentiation of patterns Doctors of all departments of Chinese medicine must have a good command of it "The Practice of Chinese Medicine: The Treatment of Diseases with Acupuncture and Chinese Herbs" written by Giovanni Maciocia discusses in detail the basic theories of the internal medicine and treatment of 34 common diseases with acupuncture and Chinese herbs This book describes common methods of differentiation of patterns and treatment of diseases by systematically discussing their aetiology, pathology, treatment principles, acupuncture points and Chinese herbal treatment; in addition, it combines traditional theories with the author's own clinical experience Giovanni Maciocia has established his own ideas concerning allergic rhinitis and asthma, atopic eczema and post-viral fatigue syndrome, which are new not only in China but also in the West (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone Over the past few decades, there has been a great surge of interest world-wide in Chinese herbal medicine and acupuncture Many people in different parts of the world have begun to study Chinese medicine The publication of this book will certainly help the integration of Western medicine with Chinese medicine which, being free of side-effects, will bring additional benefits to people in the West Giovanni Maciocia has studied Chinese medicine in my college three times, so he is an alumnus of ours During his stay in China, he studied conscientiously and respected his teachers and clinical instructors He has flexibly applied what he has learnt in China to the conditions in the West, and successfully treated a large number of patients Students and practitioners both in and outside China speak highly of his contributions to the popularization of Chinese medicine in the West This book is not only a textbook for students of Chinese medicine, but also a reference book for practitioners in the West I believe this book will be very influential in spreading Chinese medicine throughout the world Z.Z.Y Preface This book is intended to be the companion volume to the "Foundations of Chinese Medicine", setting out the application of the theory of Chinese medicine to the treatment of specific diseases with both acupuncture and Chinese herbs The discussion is centred around the old Chinese disease-symptoms, e.g "headache", "dizziness", "abdominal pain", etc Although these are normally referred to as "diseases" in Chinese medicine, they are symptoms rather than diseases in a Western medical sense In a few cases, however, I discuss actual diseases as defined in Western medicine; these are asthma, allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, nephritis, myalgic encephalomyelitis, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, the common cold and influenza This textbook sets out the treatment for 34 common diseases With four exceptions - asthma, allergic rhinitis, myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) and multiple sclerosis - all appear in textbooks of Chinese medicine The theory of allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis presented in this book is entirely new; of course, it is far from perfect and will need constant revision according to clinical experience and research The theory of ME, similarly new, is based on my own clinical experience, although the concepts of "residual pathogenic factor" and "Latent Heat" on which it is based are very old (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone New, too, is the theory of multiple sclerosis (MS), but this is mostly based on the pathology and symptomatology of Atrophy Syndrome The chapter on "Tiredness" is based on the old symptom of "xu-lao" which means "exhaustion", but I have departed from the traditional approach in so far as I have included the Excess causes of tiredness, something which is not done in the Chinese discussion of xu-lao A table of cross references after the table of contents lists the patterns found in each disease For those who work mostly from patterns rather than diseases, another table lists the diseases in which a particular pattern appears Although Chinese medicine treats each individual as a whole rather than treating the "diseases" from which that patient is suffering, and explores the patterns of disharmony, life-style, environment, family situation, emotional life, diet, sexual habits, work routine and exercise, it is still important to discuss the treatment of individual diseases since treatment techniques vary enormously; for example, the treatment of Wind-stroke calls for specific techniques and approaches which are quite different from those used for, say, insomnia The use of these techniques is not in contradiction with whatever other approach or philosophy a particular practitioner may follow and I therefore hope that this textbook can be of use to practitioners of many different orientations Another important reason for discussing individual diseases is their particular and specific xxvi pathology and aetiology: it is only by understanding the distinctive pathology and aetiology that we can advise the patient on life-style, work, emotional life, sexual habits, diet and exercise Educating the patient in these areas is as important as the treatment imparted, as it gives the patient responsibility for his or her own health and so can prevent recurrence of the problem The acupuncture points indicated for each pattern are not formulae but only the possible points from which the practitioner can choose when determining an acupuncture treatment There are a few exceptions and these are indicated as "general prescription" or "ancient prescription" The principles of combination of acupuncture points are discussed in Appendix I and the reader is strongly advised to read this as it discusses how to formulate a harmonious point combination by balancing Yin-Yang, Front-Back, Top-Bottom, and Left Right Just as a beautiful painting must have vibrant colours, expert technique and balanced composition, a good acupuncture treatment must be based on a deft needle technique, a skilful choice of points according to their action, and a balanced and harmonious combination of such points This last aspect is discussed in Appendix I The herbal treatment of each disease is based on several modern Chinese textbooks and integrated with the treatment found in ancient classics (see Bibliography) The main modern textbook followed was that used in all colleges of Chinese Medicine in China, i.e "Chinese Internal Medicine" (Zhong Yi Nei Ke Xue) by Zhang Bo Yu (1986) (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone I should make some comments on the dosages of the herbal prescriptions The dosages shown are mostly those from modern and old Chinese books In my practice I use much lower dosages and these are reflected in the case histories, the average for each herb being about g I find that these reduced dosages work very well As for the mode of administration of the herbs, I use, almost exclusively, decoctions as I find these give the best therapeutic results In my practice in England the patients' compliance is very high indeed (about 95%) and even most children manage to take decoctions (albeit disguised in a variety of ways) In children under years of age the decoction can be substantially diluted and given throughout the day In children over 3, honey can be added to the decoction: strictly speaking, the addition of honey alters the taste of the decoction and brings in honey's own properties, but in practice I think it is better for a child to take the herbs with honey than not to take them at all Other ways of coaxing children to take decoctions include offering them a biscuit (cookie) or a favourite drink immediately after they have swallowed the mixture However, I find that one of the best ways of getting children over years to take a decoction is by involving them in the dispensing of the herbs: the child is fascinated by the different shapes, textures and smells of the herbs and loves helping to dispense the herbs and putting them in the bags Involving a young patient in this way ensures that when the child drinks the decoction it is not an alien preparation but something the child relates to the actual herbs he or she helped to dispense This method is of course time-consuming for the practitioner but it is also great fun Whenever possible, I have indicated patent remedies which can be used for each pattern This section of the book is mostly for the benefit of acupuncturists who not use Chinese herbs, as an experienced Chinese herbalist would choose a patent remedy according to his or her own knowledge and experience I have evaluated the therapeutic effect of patient remedies according to their ingredients and sometimes quite independently of the actions and indications given by the manufacturer For this reason, a patent remedy may occasionally be suggested for a condition quite different from the ones for which it is normally given To help the acupuncturist select the fitting remedy I have given the tongue (and sometimes pulse) presentation appropriate to each remedy: this is an important guideline to the choice of the correct remedy and the reader's attention is drawn to it The reader should also note that some patent remedies may contain substances which are illegal in certain countries: this could be either because they are toxic (such as Zhu Sha Cinnabaris) or because they are of animal origin from protected species The mention of such patent remedies in this xxvii book does not signify an endorsement of their use, and the reader is strongly advised to enquire about the laws governing the use of certain herbs in his or her country Each practitioner should therefore satisfy himself or herself as to the suitability of a particular patent remedy Dosages of the patent remedies have not been given because they may come in different form and size of pills: the practitioner should therefore check dosages and contraindications in textbooks of patent remedies such as Fratkin's "Chinese Herbal Patent Formulas" or Zhu's "Chinese Prepared Medicines", which are both mentioned in the bibliography All the case histories are drawn from my own practice and the reader is invited to study them as (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone they show how prescriptions are adapted to the individual's particular disharmony, and also how acupuncture points are chosen and combined For reasons of length, this book omits the discussion of skin diseases and paediatric diseases, while the discussion of gynaecology is limited to dysmenorrhoea, menorrhagia and pre-menstrual tension: it is hoped that gynaecology will form the subject of a future book Finally, each chapter includes the Western differentiation of the symptom discussed, e.g the possible causes of headaches in Western medicine Of course this is not intended to be a replacement of a good book on Western clinical medicine (some are mentioned in the bibliography): it is simply meant to provide the practitioner in a clinical setting with a quick check-list of the possible Western causes of that particular symptom This is important because we should know when to refer a patient to a Western medical doctor or specialist for a further diagnosis For example, a patient may come to us complaining of urinary difficulty and we should know when to suspect a prostate carcinoma The second reason for familiarizing ourselves with the Western differentiation of symptoms is prognosis Although Chinese medicine is excellent at providing not only a diagnosis but also a reasonable prognosis by carefully examining symptoms, signs, tongue and pulse, in many cases the prognosis depends also on the Western diagnosis For example, it makes a big difference to prognosis whether tingling in a limb is caused by a "simple" Liver-Blood deficiency or by the beginning of multiple sclerosis I sincerely hope that this book will be of practical use to practitioners in various countries in order to develop Chinese medicine and help it to take its rightful place in modern medicine Amersham, 1994 G.M Acknowledgements I acknowledge with sincere thanks the many people who, in one way or another, helped me to write this book The most important period in my professional training was spent at the Nanjing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and I am deeply indebted to its directors, teachers and other members of staff for the care and patience in sharing their profound knowledge with me I am also grateful to the teaching staff of the Jiangsu Province Hospital for Traditional Chinese Medicine where my clinical training took place Dr J H F Shen was and continues to be an inspiration I owe him a debt of gratitude for communicating his diagnostic skills to me (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone I would like to acknowledge that I also owe much to Dr Chen Jing Hua Her ideas on asthma sparked off my new theory about this disease, although any shortcomings in this theory are of course entirely my responsibility Dr Ted Kaptchuk provided my first introduction to Chinese herbs and for that I am very grateful I wish to thank Mr You Ben Lin of the Nanjing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine who drew the characters for the title page with great skill and elegance I am grateful to Mr Huang Zi Qiang who drew the Chinese characters that appear at the head of each chapter I am indebted to Francesca Diebschlag for editing and proof-reading my manuscript with great care and for providing useful suggestions I am grateful to Alan Papier and Peter Deadman for reading some of the chapters and making useful suggestions I would like to thank the staff of Churchill Livingstone for their expertise, efficiency and courtesy: in particular, I am grateful to Mary Law, Inta Ozols and Dinah Thom for their help and support with this project Finally, this book would not have come into being without my wife's continuous support, suggestions and inspiration G.M Dedication To my son Sebastian who patiently kept me company throughout the writing of this book Note on the Translation of Chinese Medical Terms The terminology used in this book generally follows that used in the "Foundations of Chinese Medicine" As in this book, I have opted for translating all Chinese medical terms with the exception of Yin, Yang and Qi I have also continued using capitals for the terms which are specific to Chinese medicine For example, "Blood" indicates one of the vital substances of Chinese medicine, whereas "blood" denotes the liquid flowing in the blood vessels; e.g "In Blood deficiency the menstrual blood may be pale" (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone I have changed a few of the terms appearing in the "Foundations of Chinese Medicine" I now translate men as "a feeling of oppression" (previously translated as "a feeling of stuffiness"), and pi as "a feeling of stuffiness" These terms and their diagnostic significance are explained in detail in Chapter 14 I translate Lin disease as "Painful-Urination Syndrome" rather than "Difficult Urination Syndrome" The translation of Shen deserves a special mention I still translate that as "Mind" when it refers to the mental and psychological faculties pertaining to the Heart, but as "Spirit" when it indicates the complex of the mental-spiritual aspects of all the five Yin organs (i.e Ethereal Soul, Corporeal Soul, Intellect, Will-Power and the Mind itself) This is explained in detail in Chapter For more information, click to link to a glossary with Chinese characters, pinyin names and English translation Browsing Instructions(3) Bladder Bladder Heat (or Damp-Heat)(4) Dampness Headaches, Tiredness, Painful Obstruction Syndrome, (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 315 561 Published by Churchill Livingstone Oedema, Lower backache, Myalgic encephalomyelitis, Wind-stroke, Atrophy Syndrome, Multiple sclerosis, 537 605 631 665 685 701 Gall-Bladder Gall-Bladder Fire (or Heat) (5)Gall-Bladder Damp-Heat Gall-Bladder Deficiency(6) Heart Heart-Qi Deficiency (7)Heart-Yang Deficiency Heart-Blood Deficiency (8)Heart-Blood Stasis Heart-Yin Deficiency (9)Heart-Fire Phlegm-Heat Harassing the Mind (Heart)(10) Intestines Cold in the Intestines (11)Damp-Heat in the Intestines Retention of Food (12)Stagnation of Qi Stasis of Blood (13)Deficiency of Qi and Empty-Cold in the Abdomen Heat in Intestines(14) Kidneys Kidney-Yang Deficiency (15)Kidney-Yin Deficiency Kidney-Essence Deficiency(16) Liver Stagnation of Liver-Qi (17)Stagnant Liver-Qi Invading the Stomach Stagnant Liver-Qi Invading Lungs (18)Liver-Yang Rising Liver-Fire Blazing (19)Liver-Wind Stagnation of Cold in the Liver Channel (20)Liver-Blood Deficiency (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone 493 (Popup) Simple Questions, p 241 494 (Popup) Simple Questions, p 243 495 (Popup) Li Zhong Xin 1637 Essential Readings from Medical Masters (Yi Zong Bi Du), cited in Internal Medicine, p 265 496 (Popup) Cheng Guo Duo 1732 Enlightenment of Medical Theory (Yi Xue Xin Wu), cited in Traditional Internal Medicine, p 266 497 (Popup) She Yu Guang 1988 Essential Clinical Experience of Famous Contemporary Doctors (Dang Dai Ming Yi Lin Zheng Jing Hua), article by Prof Qiu Mao Liang, Ancient Chinese Medical Texts Publishing House, Beijing, pp 1-2 498 (Popup) Yang Ji Zhou 1984 Compendium of Acupuncture (Zhen Jiu Da Cheng), edited by the Chinese Medicine Research Group of the Heilongjiang Province, People's Health Publishing House, Beijing, p 1084 First published in 1601 499 (Popup) Figure 23-1 Principles of selection of points 500 (Popup) Figure 23-1 Principles of selection of points 501 (Popup) Figure 23-2 Factors in chronic Painful Obstruction Syndrome 502 (Popup) Figure 23-3 Distal points in acute neck-ache 503 (Popup) Figure 23-4 (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone Distal points in chronic neck-ache 504 (Popup) Figure 23-5 Difficulty in abducting arm (Large Intestine channel) 505 (Popup) Figure 23-6 Difficulty in adducting arm (Lung channel) 506 (Popup) Figure 23-7 Difficulty in twisting arm backwards (Small Intestine channel) 507 (Popup) Figure 23-8 Location of extra point Jianneiling 508 (Popup) Figure 23-9 Anatomy of shoulder joints 509 (Popup) Figure 23-10 Location of extra point Qu Yang Wei 510 (Popup) Huang Fu Mi AD 259 The ABC of Acupuncture, in: Li Shi Zhen 1985 Clinical Application of Frequently Used Acupuncture Points (Chang Yong Shu Xue Lin Chuang Fa Hui), People's Health Publishing House, Beijing, p 41 511 (Popup) Wang Wei Yi 1026 Illustrated Manual of Acupuncture Points as shown on the Bronze Man (Tong Ren Shu Xue Zhen Jiu Tu Jing), cited in Clinical Application of Frequently Used Acupuncture Points, p 41 512 (Popup) Figure 23-11 Location of extra points Baxie 513 (Popup) Figure 23-12 Areas of knee pain 514 (Popup) (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone Figure 23-13 Area of pain above knee 515 (Popup) Figure 23-14 Area of knee pain on the lateral side 516 (Popup) Figure 23-15 Area of knee pain on the medial side 517 (Popup) Figure 23-16 Location of extra points Xiyan 518 (Popup) Hickling P and Golding J 1984 An Outline of Rheumatology, Wright, Bristol, p 24 519 (Popup) Figure 24-1 Area of lower backache 520 (Popup) Figure 24-2 Bladder-channel pathways in the back 521 (Popup) Figure 24-2 Bladder-channel pathways in the back 522 (Popup) Figure 24-3 Kidney's main, muscle- and divergent channels 523 (Popup) Figure 24-4 Governing and Penetrating vessels' pathways 524 (Popup) 1979 The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine - Simple Questions (Huang Ti Nei Jing Su Wen), People's Health Publishing House, Beijing First published c 100 BC, p 100 525 (Popup) He Ren 1981 A New Explanation of the Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Chest (Jin Gui (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone Yao Lue Xin Jie), Zhejiang Science Publishing House, p 80 The "Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Chest" itself was written by Zhang Zhong Jing and first published c AD 200 526 (Popup) Chao Yuan Fang AD 610 General Treatise on the Aetiology and Symptomatology of Diseases (Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun), cited in Internal Medicine, p 245 527 (Popup) Zhu Dan Xi 1481 Essential Methods of Dan Xi (Dan Xi Xin Fa), cited in Internal Medicine, p 245 528 (Popup) Wang Ken Tang 1602 Standards of Diagnosis and Treatment (Zheng Zhi Zhun Sheng), cited in Internal Medicine, p 248 529 (Popup) Figure 24-5 Most common tender points in the back 530 (Popup) Wang Luo Zhen 1985 A Compilation of the Study of the Eight Extraordinary Vessels (Qi Jing Ba Mai Kao Jiao Zhu), Shanghai Science Publishing House, p 109 The "Study of the Eight Extraordinary Vessels" itself was written by Li Shi Zhen and first published in 1578 531 (Popup) Figure 24-6 Location of back pain in kidney disease (left) and channel problem (right) 532 (Popup) Figure 24-7 Yaotongxue extra point 533 (Popup) Figure 24-8 Distal points for acute backache 534 (Popup) Figure 24-5 Most common tender points in the back 535 (Popup) Figure 24-9 Use of Governing Vessel and Huatuojiaji points for vertebra rotation (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone 536 (Popup) Figure 24-10 Use of Governing Vessel in men and women 537 (Popup) Figure 24-11 Use of Yang Heel Vessel in men and women 538 (Popup) Simple Questions, p 23 539 (Popup) Figure 24-12 Example of distal points combination in chronic back-ache 540 (Popup) Figure 24-12 Example of distal points combination in chronic back-ache 541 (Popup) Figure 24-13 Extra point Tunzhong and Yaoyan 542 (Popup) Figure 24-13 Extra point Tunzhong and Yaoyan 543 (Popup) Figure 24-14 Lumbar vertebrae Reproduced with permission from "Clinical Anatomy of the Lumbar Spine" by N Bogduk and L Twomey, Churchill Livingstone 1987 544 (Popup) Figure 24-15 Zygo-apophysical joints between two lumbar vertebrae Reproduced with permission from "Clinical Anatomy of the Lumbar Spine" by N Bogduk and L Twomey, Churchill Livingstone 1987 545 (Popup) Figure 24-12 Example of distal points combination in chronic back-ache 546 (Popup) Figure 24-16 (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone Osteophytes 547 (Popup) Figure 24-17 Lateral and posterior disc prolapse 548 (Popup) Figure 24-18 The dermatomes 549 (Popup) Figure 24-19 Scoliosis posture in disc herniation 550 (Popup) Figure 24-20 Features of chronic disc herniation Reproduced with permission from "Close to the Bone" by D Legge, Sydney College Press 1990 551 (Popup) Shepherd C 1989 Living with ME, Cedar, William Heinemann Ltd, London, pp 14-16 552 (Popup) 1979 The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine - Simple Questions (Huang Ti Nei Jing Su Wen), People's Health Publishing House, Beijing First published C 100 BC, p 21 553 (Popup) 1979 The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine - Simple Questions (Huang Ti Nei Jing Su Wen), People's Health Publishing House, Beijing First published C 100 BC, p 24 554 (Popup) Figure 25-1 Two conditions leading to ME 555 (Popup) Figure 25-1 Two conditions leading to ME 556 (Popup) Plate 25-1 Myalgic encephalomyelitis case history, man, 33 557 (Popup) Figure 25-2 (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone Greater Yang, Bright Yang and Lesser Yang 558 (Popup) Smith D 1989 Understanding ME, Robinson Publishing, London, p 128 559 (Popup) Figure 12-2 Lung cracks 560 (Popup) Figure 12-3 Tongues in Stomach- and Spleen-Yin deficiency 561 (Popup) Lou Ying 1565 Principles of Medicine (Yi Xue Gang Mu), cited in Wang Quan Yan "Observation on the treatment of 35 cases of Parkinson disease with Chinese medicine" in Journal of Chinese Medicine, vol 27, no 8, p 24 562 (Popup) Zhu Ji Original Theory of Medicine (Yi Xue Yuan Li), cited in Wang Quan Yan "Observation on the treatment of 35 cases of Parkinson disease with Chinese medicine" in Journal of Chinese Medicine, vol 27, no 8, p 24 563 (Popup) Figure 26-1 Chorea area in scalp acupuncture 564 (Popup) Figure 27-1 The four aetiological factors in Wind-stroke 565 (Popup) Figure 27-1 The four aetiological factors in Wind-stroke 566 (Popup) Zhu Dan Xi 1481 The Essential Method of Dan Xi (Dan Xi Xin Fa), cited in Internal Medicine, p 213 567 (Popup) Figure 27-2 Examination in facial paralysis 568 (Popup) (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone Figure 27-3 Empirical points for facial paralysis 569 (Popup) Scalp-Needling Therapy 1975, Medicine and Health Publishing Co., Hong Kong 570 (Popup) Figure 27-4 Motor line for scalp acupuncture 571 (Popup) Figure 26-1 Chorea area in scalp acupuncture 572 (Popup) 1979 The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine-Simple Questions (Huang Ti Nei Jing Su Wen People's Health Publishing House, Beijing First published c 100 BC, p 246 573 (Popup) 1979 The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine-Simple Questions (Huang Ti Nei Jing Su Wen, People's Health Publishing House, Beijing First published c 100 BC, p 246, p 249 574 (Popup) Figure 28-1 Relationship between aetiological factors and patterns in Atrophy Syndrome 575 (Popup) 1979 The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine-Simple Questions (Huang Ti Nei Jing Su Wen, People's Health Publishing House, Beijing First published c 100 BC, p 246, p 249 576 (Popup) 1979 The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine-Simple Questions (Huang Ti Nei Jing Su Wen, People's Health Publishing House, Beijing First published c 100 BC, p 246, p 249 577 (Popup) 1979 The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine - Simple Questions (Huang Ti Nei Jing Su Wen), People's Health Publishing House, Beijing First published c 100 BC, p 249 578 (Popup) Shandong College of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1984 An Explanation of the Pulse Classic (Mai Jing Jiao Shi), People's Health Publishing House, Beijing, p 88 The "Pulse Classic" itself was written by Wang Shu He and first published c AD 280 (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone 579 (Popup) Figure 27-4 Motor line for scalp acupuncture 580 (Popup) Pei Zheng Xue 1979 A Commentary on the Discussion of Blood Syndromes (Xue Zheng Lun Ping Shi), People's Health Publishing House, Beijing, pp and The "Discussion of Blood Syndromes" itself by Tang Zong Hai was first published in 1884 581 (Popup) Figure 30-1 The four aims of treatment in bleeding 582 (Popup) 1981 Spiritual Axis (Ling Shu Jing), People's Health Publishing House, Beijing First published c 100 BC, p 153 583 (Popup) Figure 31-1 The four phases of the menstrual cycle 584 (Popup) Figure 33-1 Development of patient's pathology 585 (Popup) Figure 33-1 Development of patient's pathology 586 (Popup) Figure 34-1 Imbalance between exterior pathogenic factors and body's Qi 587 (Popup) Figure 34-2 External invasion in a weakened body condition 588 (Popup) Figure 34-3 External invasion by a particularly strong pathogenic factor 589 (Popup) Nanjing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Warm Diseases Research Group 1959 (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone Teaching Reference Material on the School of Warm Diseases (Wen Bing Xue Jiao Xue Can Kao Zi Liao), Jiangsu People's Publishing House, p 49 590 (Popup) Figure 34-4 Bright Yang, Lesser Yang and Qi Level patterns 591 (Popup) Figure 34-4 Bright Yang, Lesser Yang and Qi Level patterns 592 (Popup) Najing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine - Warm Diseases Research Group 1959 Teaching Reference Material on the School of Warm Diseases (Wen Bing Xue Jiao Xue Can Kao Zi Liao), Jiangsu People's Publishing House, p 49., p 50 593 (Popup) Plate 34-1 Common cold and influenza case history, boy, 594 (Popup) Plate 34-2 Common cold and influenza case history, boy, 595 (Popup) Maciocia G 1991 The Foundations of Chinese Medicine, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh 596 (Popup) Figure 1-2 The circulation of Qi in the first four channels 597 (Popup) Figure 1-3 The circulation of Qi in the 12 channels 598 (Popup) Figure 1-2 The circulation of Qi in the first four channels 599 (Popup) Figure I.1 General principle of targeting of points 600 (Popup) Figure I.2 (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone Target areas of Lung-Channel's distal points 601 (Popup) Figure I.3 Target areas of Large Intestine-channel's distal points 602 (Popup) Figure I.4 Target areas of Stomach-channel's distal points 603 (Popup) Figure I.5 Target areas of Spleen-channel's distal points 604 (Popup) Figure I.6 Target areas of Heart-channel's distal points 605 (Popup) Figure I.7 Target areas of Small Intestine-channel's distal points 606 (Popup) Figure I.8 Target areas of Bladder-channel's distal points 607 (Popup) Figure I.9 Target areas of Kidney-Channel's distal points 608 (Popup) Figure I.10 Target areas of Pericardium-channel's distal points 609 (Popup) Figure I.11 Target areas of Triple Burner-channel's distal points 610 (Popup) Figure I.12 Target areas of Gall-Bladder-channel's distal points 611 (Popup) Figure I.13 Target areas of Liver-channel's distal points (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone 612 (Popup) Nanjing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1979 A Revised Explanation of the Classic of Difficulties (Nan Jing Jiao Shi), People's Health Publishing House, Beijing First published c AD 100, p 144 613 (Popup) Figure 1-2 The circulation of Qi in the first four channels 614 (Popup) Figure 1-3 The circulation of Qi in the 12 channels 615 (Popup) Gao Wu 1529 Gathering of Eminent Acupuncturists (Zhen Jiu Ju Ying), cited in Chen You Bang 1990 Chinese Acupuncture Therapy (Zhong Guo Zhen Jiu Zhi Liao Xue), China Science Publishing House, Shanghai, p 215 616 (Popup) Gao Wu 1529 Gathering of Eminent Acupuncturists (Zhen Jiu Ju Ying), cited in Chen You Bang 1990 Chinese Acupuncture Therapy (Zhong Guo Zhen Jiu Zhi Liao Xue), China Science Publishing House, Shanghai, p 215 617 (Popup) Gao Wu 1529 Gathering of Eminent Acupuncturists (Zhen Jiu Ju Ying), cited in Chen You Bang 1990 Chinese Acupuncture Therapy (Zhong Guo Zhen Jiu Zhi Liao Xue), China Science Publishing House, Shanghai, p 215 618 (Popup) Gao Wu 1529 Gathering of Eminent Acupuncturists (Zhen Jiu Ju Ying), cited in Chen You Bang 1990 Chinese Acupuncture Therapy (Zhong Guo Zhen Jiu Zhi Liao Xue), China Science Publishing House, Shanghai, p 215 619 (Popup) Li Chan 1575 The ABC of Chinese Medicine (Yi Xue Ru Men), cited in Chinese Acupuncture, Therapy, p 215 620 (Popup) 1981 Spiritual Axis (Ling Shu Jing), People's Health Publishing House, Beijing First published c 100 BC, p 100 621 (Popup) (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone A Revised Explanation of the Classic of Difficulties, p 145 622 (Popup) Wang Guo Rui 1329 The Jade Dragon Classic of Spiritual Acupuncture from Bian Que (Bian Que Shen Ying Zhen Jiu Yu Long Jing), cited in Chinese Acupuncture Therapy, p 216 623 (Popup) 1979 The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine - Simple Questions (Huang Ti Nei Jing Su Wen), People's Health Publishing House, Beijing First published c 100 BC, p 49 624 (Popup) In the Southern hemisphere a person facing South would have the sun on his/her back The position outlined in the "Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine" should therefore be reversed with the person facing North so that the sun is in the front and the shade in the back However, this means that the polarity Yin-Yang for Right-Left needs to be reversed as the East (Yang) would be on the right side and West (Yin) on the left 625 (Popup) Simple Questions, p 44 626 (Popup) Jefferies R P S 1991 Two types of bilateral symmetry in the Metazoa: chordate and bilaterian, Natural History Museum, London 627 (Popup) Figure I.14 Cycle of Earthly Branches and conception 628 (Popup) Simple Questions, p 344 629 (Popup) Simple Questions, p 345 630 (Popup) Figure 1-4 Connection between Yin and Yang divergent channels 631 (Popup) Figure I.15 Pathways of Kidney and Bladder Divergent channels (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone 632 (Popup) Figure I.16 Effect of unilateral needling 633 (Popup) Gathering of Eminent Acupuncturists in Chinese Acupuncture Therapy, p 215 634 (Popup) Gathering of Eminent Acupuncturists in Chinese Acupuncture Therapy, p 215 635 (Popup) Gathering of Eminent Acupuncturists in Chinese Acupuncture Therapy, p 215 636 (Popup) Gathering of Eminent Acupuncturists in Chinese Acupuncture Therapy, p 215 637 (Popup) The ABC of Chinese Medicine in Chinese Acupuncture Therapy, p 215 638 (Popup) Figure I.17 Point prescription for woman, 47 639 (Popup) Figure I.18 Point prescription for man, 54 640 (Popup) Wang Luo Zhen 1985 A Compilation of "A Study of the Eight Extraordinary Vessels" (Qi Jing Ba Mai Kao Jiao Zhu), Shanghai Science Publishing House, Shanghai First published in 1578 by Li Shi Zhen, p 109 641 (Popup) Figure I.19 Point prescription for woman, 45 642 (Popup) Figure I.20 Point prescription for man, 41 643 (Popup) Figure I.21 (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone Point prescription for woman, 47 644 (Popup) Wang Luo Zhen 1985 A Compilation of "A Study of the Eight Extraordinary Vessels" (Qi Jing Ba Mai Kao Jiao Zhu), Shanghai First published in 1578 by Li Shi Zhen, p 110 (c) Giovanni Maciocia 1994 Published by Churchill Livingstone ... Fire (or Heat) (5 )Gall-Bladder Damp-Heat Gall-Bladder Deficiency( 6) Heart Heart-Qi Deficiency (7 )Heart-Yang Deficiency Heart-Blood Deficiency (8 )Heart-Blood Stasis Heart-Yin Deficiency (9 )Heart-Fire... (or Cold Phlegm) in the Lungs (2 6)Phlegm-Fluids (or Turbid Phlegm) in Lungs Lung-Qi Deficiency (2 7)Lung-Qi Obstructed Lung-Yin Deficiency (2 8)Lung Dryness Lung-Yin Deficiency With Empty-Heat(2 9). .. Empty-Heat(2 9) Phlegm Turbid Phlegm (or Wind-Phlegm or Phlegm-Fluids) (3 0)Phlegm-Fire Cold Phlegm(3 1) Spleen Spleen-Qi Deficiency (3 2)Spleen-Yang Deficiency Spleen-Blood Deficiency (3 3)Spleen-Yin