Commands, requests in reported speech Form: S + asked /told + O + not to-inf… Ex: 1 “Stand up” He said to me -> He told me to stand up 2 “Don’t talk in class” The teacher said to the stu[r]
(1)REVISION FOR THE FIRST - TERM EXAMINATION– English School years: 2015 - 2016 A/ GRAMMAR NOTES I Tenses Present simple tense a Form: - of the verb “be”: S + am/is/are… - S + am/is/are + not… - Am/Is/Are + S…? - of ordinary verb: S+V-s/es… - S+don’t/doesn’t + V-bare inf… - Do/Does + S +V-bare inf…? b Use - for something that is permanently true ( The sun rises in the east and sets in the west) - for habits and repeated actions (How often you go to school? / He usually leaves work at 6p.m) c The “-s/es” ending - kiss –kisses, go –goes, box – boxes, wash – washes, watch – watches… - study –studies, copy – copies, carry – carries, try - tries… - play – plays, buy – buys, obey - obeys… d Pronunciation of the “-s/es” ending - /s/: hopes, fits… - /z/: rides, learns… - /iz/: uses, washes, watch… Past simple a Form - of the verb “be”: S + was/were… - S + was/weren’t… - Was/Were + S…? - of ordinary verb: S + V-ed/V-2… - S + didn’t + V-bare inf… - Did + S + V-bare inf…? b Use: - for a completed action or state in the past (We lived in Sydney years ago / Yesterday, I was busy so I didn’t have time to phone you) - some adverbs are often used in the past simple: yesterday, ago, last night/week/month/year… c The “-ed” ending - walked, filled… - lived, moved, smiled… - studied… - stopped, robbed, begged… (played, fixed, plowed…) - preferred… - opened, entered, offered… - traveled/ travelled - Irregular verbs: see-saw, buy-bought… d Pronunciation of the “-ed” ending - /t/: looked, missed, watched, finished, laughed… - /d/: cleaned, saved, played, robbed… - /id/: wanted, needed, invited, decided… Future simple a Form: S + will +V-bare inf… - S + won’t + V-bare inf… - Will + S + V-bare inf…? b Use - statements of future fact (I will be 14 on my next birthday) - Decision made at the time of speaking (There’s Eleanor I’ll go and talk to her) - To show willingness (this bag looks heavy I’ll help you) (2) - Some adverbs are often used: tomorrow, next…, someday, one day, tonight, this morning/ week…, soon… Talk about intention with “be going to” a Form: S + be going to + V-bare inf… b Use: for a plan or an intention (Bob is tired of taking the bus to work He is going to buy a car.) Present simple with future meaning: to describe an organized future timetable (What time does the train leave tomorrow? – It leaves at 8a.m.) Present progressive tense a Form: S + am/is/are + V-ing… - S + am/is/are + not + V-ing… - Am/Is/Are + S + V-ing…? b Use: - For something that is happening at or around the time of speaking (Let’s go out It’s raining now) - A planned future action (I’m seeing Jessica tonight) - To show changes with ‘get’ and ‘become’ (Many remote areas are getting electricity / Life in the provinces is definitely becoming better) Present perfect with for and since a Form S + have/has + V-ed/V-3(past participle)… S + have/has + not + V-ed/V-3(past participle)… Have/Has + S + V-ed/V-3(past participle)…? b Use: The present perfect with “for” and “since” is used when something started in the past and is continuing now - For + period of time (We haven’t lived there since 1987) - Since + a point of time in the past (He has been in the army for two years) II Adverbs of place (outside, inside, there, here, upstairs, downstairs…) Ex: The children are playing upstairs She lived here in 1999 III … (not) adjective + enough +to-inf (She is not old enough to be in my class / I am tall enough to reach that shelf.) IV Modal verbs: should / ought to / must / can / will /may … Ex: You mustn’t park your car here You must / have to obey your parents You look tired You should/ought to go to bed You shouldn’t / oughtn’t to make noise in class Can / Could: making polite requests (Can you wait a moment, please? / Could you help me carry this bag?) “May I…?” is used for polite requests, in the same way as “Can I…?” - May I ask you a question? May: offering assistance (May I help you with the washing up?) V Reflexive pronoun (myself, yourself/ yourselves, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves) a is used as the object when the subject of the sentence and the object are the same person Ex: I cut myself/ He is looking at himself in the mirror b is used for emphasis Ex: I myself faxed the report to him (3) We will go and see the president himself c by + reflexive pronoun = alone Ex: Anna lived by herself in that large house VI Why…… ? - Because… Ex: Why didn’t Hoa go to school yesterday? - Because she was sick VII Prepositions of time in: in 2002, in summer, in the 21st century, in July, in the past, in the morning… on: on Monday, on July 15th, on her birthday, on Christmas Day, on Tet holiday… at: at o’clock, at noon, at night, at lunch time, at the moment, at present, at Christmas… after: after six, after dinner… before: before lunch, before 10p.m… between…and…: between Monday and Friday, between 6a.m and 10a.m… VIII used to + V-bare-inf Ex: I used to go swimming when I was a kid She didn’t use to like opera Did you use to go there? IX Adverbs of manner Form: adjective + ly -> adverb of manner Ex: badly, beautifully, happily, simply… Use: to modify a verb Position after an ordinary verb Notes: good – well, fast – fast, late – late, early – early, hard – hard… X Commands, requests in reported speech Form: S + asked /told + O + (not) to-inf… Ex: 1) “Stand up” He said to me -> He told me to stand up 2) “Don’t talk in class” The teacher said to the students -> The teacher told the students not to talk in class 3) “Can you give Tim this book?” She said to me -> She asked me to give Tim that book 4) She said “Can you meet me next week, Minh?” -> She asked Minh to meet her the following week XI Advice in reported speech Form: S1 + said (that) + S2 + should / ought to + V-bare inf… S + advised + O + (not) to inf… Ex: His father said to him: “You should study harder” -> His father said he should study harder/ His father advised him to study harder XII Gerunds (V + ing) Use: As a verbal noun: Swimming is very good for you As an object after some certain verbs: Have you finished working? / He suggested going out for dinner (4) After a preposition: After leaving the house, she checked all the windows / We talk about cooking XIII Comparative and superlative of adjectives Comparative Form: a) S + be + short adjective + er + (than)… Ex: Jane is taller than her sister b) S + be + more +long adjective + (than)… Ex: A car is more expensive than a motorbike Superlative Form a) S + be + the + short adjective + est… Ex: HCM city is the biggest city in Viet Nam b) S + be + the + most + long adjective… Ex: Miss World is the most beautiful girl in the world +Notes: - lucky – luckier – luckiest - wide – wider – widest - good – better – best - bad – worse – worst - many/much – more – most - little – less – least XIV Comparison with “like, (not) as…as, (not) the same as, different from” Like: He ran like the wind / You don’t look like your mother (not) as…as: He is as tall as his brother / She speaks English as well as foreigners / This flat isn’t as/so big as our old one (not) the same as: The shirt on the shelf is the same as the one in the window/ Her hair isn’t the same color as her mother different from: She is very different from her sister / Her new school isn’t much different from her old school B/ EXERCISES I/ Multiple choices: His children are very lazy………………… never homework by………………… a They/themself b They/them c They/themselves d Themselves/they My grandparents live ……………………… , in this town a there b here c outside d inside I am enrolling ………….the activities for this summer a for b in c to d into The students did their test …………………………………… a good b very good c fastly d well He looks very tired He …………………………….go to bed late a oughts not to b doesn’t ought to c ought to not d oughtn’t to Please put these books ………….the bookshelf……………the desk a in/under b on/above c on/between d in/at I ……………………………… a letter from my old friend last week a sent b gave c received d took I find Peter is not communicative He’s rather …………………in public (5) a kind b reserved c sociable d humorous The River Amazon …………………………… into the Atlantic Ocean a flow b flows c flowed d is flowing 10 Bell was born……………………………………….March 3, 1847 a in b on c at d during 11 They ……………………………….from Canada to America to find work a started b demonstrated c delivered d emigrated 12 He’ll come …………… to pick you………………………………… a on/in b over/on c in/up d over/up 13 You’ll ……………….cook dinner yourself a ought to b must c should d have to 14 Dad stayed at the office ………………………….he finished the report a before b until c for d during 15 Mr Brown is the same age………………………… Mrs Brown a as b like c from d with 16 Ho Chi Minh city is larger and …………………… beautiful than Hanoi a more b as c most d the most 17 My mother is………………………… tired ……………………………cook tonight a enough/to b too/to c so/that d very/to 18 The new shopping mall is quite……………………….the present shopping area a different from b the same c like to d similar 19 ……………have you lived in this town? - For nearly 20 years a When b How c Where d How long 20 “What …………………………………………….?” – “She is very nice.” a did Sandra like b is Sandra like c does Sandra like d was Sandra like 21 She advised me …………………………………………….late a not b not to be c not be d not being 22 I and my friends tried to solve the problem by……………….and at last we could a myself b themselves c ourself d ourselves 23 A doctor and some nurses are waiting for the…………………in front of the hospital a customer b assistant c patient d baker 24 When I was a child, I used to………………………my mother to the market a follow b followed c following d be followed 25 My father will have a meeting……….………… 7.30 am to 10.00 am a at b from c in d between 26 He was upset by the……………………………of his English examination a result b pass c effect d success 27 Everyone dislikes…………………………early on Sundays a gets up b getting up c to getting up d get up 28 You should study……… … ……………………… to make your parents happy a hardly b well c good d goodly 29 A: Could you ………….me a favor? - B: No problem How can I help you? a give b c make d help 30 They always go to church…………………………………….Christmas Day a at b on c in d between 31 The teacher told us………………………….talk in class a not to b not c don’t to d to not 32 Hoa and Lan tried to solve the problem by……………….and at last they could (6) a herself b themselves c themself d theirs 33 The girl………………………………the floors of the office twice a day a destroys b sweeps c feeds d dirties 34 I enjoy telling jokes My friends usually enjoy my sense of ………………………… a jokes b funny c laughing d humor 35 We must be there…………………………………….8.00 pm and 9.00 pm a at b before c between d after 36 When I was young, I………………………………… eat cheese but now I eat a lot a didn’t used to b did use to c used to d didn’t use to 37 People who cannot hear nor speak called……………………………………………… a deaf-mutes b dead-mute c dead-mutes d deaf-mute 38 He usually gives his friends greeting cards …………………………….Christmas b at b on c in d between 39 Everyone dislikes…………………………early on Sundays b gets up b getting up c to getting up d get up 40 Nga: Could you turn the TV on?- Hoa: …………………………… I’ll it for you a I’m sorry I’m really busy b No thank you I’m fine c Certainly d No thank you 41 “The lost shoe” was an old…………………………………………………………… a book b dictionary c novel d folktale 42 Fortunately, the tiger…………………………………………… from the burns a escaped b grazed c run d returned 43 She joined the English club so as……………………her English pronunciation a improving b to improve c improve d improved 44 The teacher told us………………………….talk in class a not to b not c don’t to d to not 45 The teacher advised him to stop……………………………………………………… a smoke b to smoke c smoked d smoking 46 Alexander G.Bell started experimenting with ways of transmitting speech…………a long distance a over b in c on d above 47 Mr Nam left a message, he called………………………… his stationary orders a at b on c in d about 48 Those shoes look very tight Do they really……………… you? a match b fit c go with d measure 49 Vietnamese is our……………………………………………… a voice b speech c speaking d mother tongue 50 Tim’s mother is very ………………………………………of him a excited b meaningful c proud d interested II/ Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others a match b safe c pan d transmit a improve b comment c promise d shop a count b council c could d south a rained b followed c walked d imagined a beneath b destroy c upset d planet a tiger b fire c stripe d prince (7) a buffalo a door a excited 10 a fairy 11 a drug 12 a steamer 13 a reach 14 a hour 15 a tale 16 a device b rope b foolish b prince b train b rug b reach b such b horse b rag b education c wisdom c choose c once c afraid c bus c breakfast c chemical c house c match c tidy d clothes d soon d escape d wait d century d bead d chore d high d character d fund III/ Choose the word that has the stress differently from the others a recycle b position c underline d exhibit a enroll b improve c appear d promise a appearance b orphanage c invention d assistant a encourage b register c recycle d exhibit a struggle b pressure c hobby d typhoon a assistance b semester c customer d equipment a socket b safety c device d folder a directory b telephone c invention d experiment a improve b revise c believe d promise 10 a interesting b delicious c similar d excellent IV/ Supply the correct verb form in the parentheses I ………… ………………………(do) all the housework The flat is really clean now I like your car How long ………… ………you ………… …………….(have) it? Did you succeed in ………… ………(solve) the problem? Let me ………… (suggest) some solutions Steve used to………… (be) a football player He had to stop ………… (play) because of an injury You should (underline) …………………… the world you want (learn) ……………… I promise I (try) ……………………………………… my best next semester Nam always (get) ………… grade B for Physics, but last semester he (get) …………A We usually (go)…………….to the library three times a week, but last week we (go) ………………………….twice 10 Yesterday I (be)……… busy so I (not have)………… time to phone you 11 Would you like (come)………… for dinner tomorrow? 12 We went to Kate’s house but she (not be) …………………… at home 13 Mr Brown used to (play)…………… football when he ( be )……………… young 14 It’s difficult (climb)…… ……………………………………………this mountain 15 Sandra needs (improve)…………………………… her English writing 16 They were proud of (be)…………………………………………… so successful 17 They didn’t try (learn)………………… all the words they (come) ……………across 18 Don’t let children (play)………………………………………… in the kitchen 19 I (be)………………… ………………………………… rich someday 20 I (read)………………a newspaper at the moment I (buy)…………….it this morning 21 The children enjoy (go swimming)…………………… in their free time 22 You must (take)……………… an umbrella It (rain)…………………… now 23 Mr Tan (teach)……………… Math in this school since he (graduate)…………… from the university in 1990 (8) 24 In England the sun (not shine)…………………………… every day 25 My mother wanted me (improve)………………… …… my English 26 Nam isn’t strong enough (carry)………………………………… this box 27 He ought to (not stop)…………………………………… playing games 28 Mars (be)……………………………………… near the earth 29 I like your car How long………… you (have)………… it? – For two weeks 30 I am afraid (go)……………………………… out alone at night 31 Tonight’s concert (begin)……….at 8:00 and it (not end)……………….….until 11:00 32 You should (finish)………….your homework before (go)…….out with your friends 33 There (not be)…………………….any electricity last night 34 The teacher asked the students (not make)…………………noise in class 35 I don’t mind (travel)………………… by train but I prefer (fly)……………………… 36 The weather (get)………………………… colder and colder in December 37 The weather was so nice, so I suggested (go)………………… for a walk by the river 38 My hometown (become)…………………………………busier 39 He bought a new fishing rod yesterday He (go)……………… fishing tomorrow 40 How often your brother (have) English? – He (have) it five times a week -> …………………………………………………………………………………………… V/ Gap filling: Complete each sentence with a suitable word empty, wash, dust, feed, sweep 1.He usually helps his mother…………………………………… dishes I have to……………………the floor and ………….the chicken before going to school We should ………………………………………… the garbage every day funds, get, equipment, activity, report card, mother tongue, pronunciation, necessary, collect, highlight, proud of, revise, come across Fishing is an ……………… my father enjoys best Students in Vietnam can participate in other programs such as raising ………… for the poor In order to …………… good marks, you should try harder My grandmother had to everything without the help of modern ……………… Learning new words is……………You cannot study a foreign language without doing it Your……………………………shows that you did very well this semester Can you show me the ………………………………of this word? It’s difficult Some people…………………all new words they………………… when they read Tom did well at school, and his parents said they were very…………… him 10 Vietnamese students usually ………………… used glass, paper and cans, and send them for recycling grocery, wet market, drugstore, products, customers, stadium, hairdresser’s, swimming pool, situation, English – speaking contest When your English is better, you can go to the………………………… Oil is one of Vietnam’s……………………………….for export They are going to build a new ………………………….for Olympic Games (9) My sister is going to the…………………… to buy some fresh fish Do you want to swim in a …………………………….or in a river? The family was in a difficult…………………………when the mother was in hospital I’m going to the………………………… to get my hair cut We bought sugar and flour at the …………………………….store A……………………………is a shop in the USA where you can buy medicines and a lot of other things 10 My mother is one of shop’s most regular………………………………… information, entertainment, plentiful, facilities, relatives, faces, prefers, traffic jams, quiet, fresh air There isn’t much………………… for young people in this village in the evening Television brings us as much……………………….as newspapers Tomatoes are…………………….in the summer I like living in the city, but my father …………………………….in the countryside Aunts, uncles and cousins are all our………………………………… My bedroom…………………………………….the garden There are always……………………….in the city center during rush-hours Our school has very good sports………………………………… Many people enjoy the ……………………atmosphere in the countryside 10 Every weekend we go camping in the countryside and enjoy…………… 11 VI/ Do as directed * Rewrite / Make sentences, using given words We plan to collect used glass, paper, cans and send them recycling -> We are ………………………………………………………………………… Lan and Nga are both 14 years old -> Lan has the same ………………………………………………………………… The doctor said to Nam: “You should take these tablets after meals.” -> The doctor advised …………………………………………………………… My father is a good French speaker -> My father speaks ………………………………………………………………… I last met him two years ago -> I haven’t ………………………………………………………………………… My younger brother is very tired; he can’t go to school today -> My father is too ………………………………………………………………… Are you and Lan the same age? -> Are you as old…………………………………………………………………… The last time I saw him was in 1985 -> I haven’t ………………………………………………………………………… Peter is too young to see the horror film -> Peter is not……………………………………………………………………… 10 Remember to turn off the light before going out -> Don’t…………………………………………………………………………… 11 That girl is very intelligent -> What…………………………………………………………………………… 12 Her hair is long, straight and black -> She has……………………………………………………………………… (10) 13 The children liked to walk in the rain -> The children enjoyed……………………………………………………… 14 We had lots of friends when I lived in the country -> We used…………………………………………………………………… 15 I walk to school in 20 minutes -> It takes……………………………………………………………………… 16 We began to study English years ago -> We have…………………………………………………………………… 17 My schoolbag is not the same your schoolbag (Rewrite, using “different”) -> …………………………………………………………………………………… 18 Please help me with this heavy bag -> Could……………………………………………………………………………… 19 Could / you / me / favor? (Sentence building) -> …………………………………………………………………………………… 20 What can I for you? -> How……………………………………………………………………………… 21 Let me help you sweep the classroom? -> May……………………………………………………………………………… 22 We / go / Da Lat / for holiday next summer (Make sentence to talk about future plan) -> …………………………………………………………………………………… * Fill in each blank with a right reflexive pronoun Tom, I can help you with your homework Do it _ My brother cooked dinner _ Hoa and I saw that accident yesterday Boys and girls , you’ll this experiment The children can look after for a few days Let’s paint the house Mary’s brother did it Please help me I can’t it She likes to look at…………… in the mirror 10 The dog hurt……….when it jumped over the fence 11 Please try and understand how I feel Put…………………….in my position 12 Look at the picture on the wall I drew it………… *Put these sentences into report speech “Please send this letter for me, Nam,” Nga said => ………………………………………………………………………………… “Can you turn down the radio?” Miss Lan said to Than => ………………………………………………………………………………… “You should go to the dentist,” The doctor said to him =>…………………………………………………………………………………… Minh said to her brother: “Can you help me with this heavy bag?” =>…………………………………………………………………………………… His father said to him: “You oughtn’t to come home late” =>…………………………………………………………………………………… The teacher said to us: “Do your homework by yourself” =>…………………………………………………………………………………… “Get up early to learn your lessons, Toan,” his father said =>…………………………………………………………………………………… “Don’t make noise in class, students” The teacher said (11) =>…………………………………………………………………………………… 10 Mary’s friend said to her: “Can you meet me next week?” =>…………………………………………………………………………………… 11 “Don’t call me at this late hour” Sam said to Susan =>…………………………………………………………………………………… 12 “You should practice English every day” The teacher said to the students =>…………………………………………………………………………………… *Combine each of the following pairs of sentences into one, using “enough” Jane is very sociable She can make friends easily =>……………………………………………………………………………… The armchair is dirty You cannot sit on it =>……………………………………………………………………………… We think you are very strong You can lift the table =>……………………………………………………………………………… My friend is quite well She can work again =>…………………………………………………………………………… The weather is not very warm Nga can’t go out at night =>…………………………………………………………………………………… The ice is quite thick We can walk on it =>………………………………………………………………………………… *Make questions for the underlined words My friend gave me an interesting book on my birthday =>………………………………………………………………………………… She speaks English well =>………………………………………………………………………………… Children should not play in the kitchen because it is a dangerous place =>………………………………………………………………………………… My grandma used to tell us a folktale after dinner =>………………………………………………………………………………… They collect used glass, paper and cans for recycling =.>……………………………………………………………………………… He is playing downstairs =>…………………………………………………………………………………… My sister has studied English for six years => ………………………………………………………………………………… He goes to the English Club twice a week =>………………………………………………………………………………… XII/ Read the passages Then answer the questions below “My brother and sister” I have a brother, Tuan and a sister, Huong They are very sociable and helpful Although they are twins, they don’t look similar at all Tuan’s hair is black and Huong’s hair is brown They both are tall and slim Tuan likes playing soccer Huong loves singing and drawing They like watching television with our parents They often go to bed early… New word: twins (n): anh, chi em sinh đôi *True (T) or false (F)? Tuan and Huong have black hair ……… They have different characters ……… *Answer the questions (12) What does Tuan look like? => ………………………………………………………………………………… What is Huong like? => ………………………………………………………………………………… Dear Tam, Thank you for the letter I’m very happy to hear you had a joyful Christmas holidays I received my first semester report last week I got good grades for Math, Physics and History But I have to spend more time on Literature and English They were not so bad, but I want to get higher grades I must try harder next semester Tet’s almost coming I’m going to help my parents to clean up the house and prepare something for the Tet holidays; we’re going to special flower market I’ll take some photographs and I’ll send you some Write soon and tell me all about yourself Your friend, Hoa * True (T) or false (F)? Hoa received her first semester report last month …………… She got good grades for Math, Physics and History …………… * Answer the questions Which subject does she need to improve? => ……………………………………………………………………………………… Is she going to help her parents to clean up the house and prepare something for the Tet holidays? => ……………………………………………………………… ………………… I am Tom Peter is my best friend I am very happy to make friends with him Each of us, however, has a different character Peter is a hard-working student He spends all his time studying and reading Not surprisingly, he always gets good marks Peter is also a reserved person He does not usually talk much in public and especially likes the peace and quiet of the school library At school, he does not participate in social activities much, but he often helps children at a local orphanage Unlike Peter, I am very active I prefer to be outside the classroom and take part in all activities at school, especially sport activities I also have a good sense of humor When we go out for picnic, I always make others laugh a lot Although we have quite different characters, both of us are good friends I hope that we will never end our friendship *True (T) or false (F)? Tom’s character is not different from Peter’s Tom is very humorous Peter often helps children at a local orphanage Peter and Tom have a very good friendship - (13) *Answer the questions Does Peter study hard? …………………………………………………………………………………………… What is Tom like? …………………………………………………………………………………………… New words: - friendship (n) tình bạn - kettle (n) ấm đun nước A new bookstore has just been built near my house Everyone in my neighborhood is very happy to welcome that new interesting place All my family members are so eager that they have talked a lot about it since its grand opening There are kinds of books for all people The assistants are quite nice They are willing to help us find the books we need There is also a free area for children to read and the statue painting They can spend their whole day enjoying their time We all love that wonderful place New words - eager (a): háohức - willing (a): vuilòng, sẵnsàng - statue (n): tượng * True (T) or false (F)? A new bookstore has just been built and everyone is pleased about it (……) There are not many kinds of books there (…….) *Answer the questions Is there a free place for children in the bookstore? ……………………………………………………………………………… Who helps readers find the books they need? ……………………………………………………………………………… …In the first year of lower secondary school I had some difficulties in learning English My pronunciation of English words was really bad and my English Grammar was worse I did not know how to improve them One afternoon after the lesson, my teacher of English told me to wait for her outside the classroom She took me to the school library and showed me a cassette of pronunciation drills kept in a glass bookcase She also told me how to use an English-English dictionary to improve my English grammar “Now I think you know what you should do”, said she I made much progress and only one year later I won the first prize in the English Speaking Contest held for secondary school student in my hometown * True (T) or false (F)? Nam has some difficulties in learning English in the first year … He isn’t good at English pronunciation and grammar … His teacher waited him outside the classroom one afternoon after the lesson … The teacher borrowed him a cassette of pronunciation …… *Answer the questions What did the teacher tell him to improve his English grammar? (14) ……………………………………………………………………………………… Did he make any progress one year later? ……………………………………………………………………………………… (15)