678 Answer Key Focus A Guided Practice 0 1 Hide Preparation 1. (C) 2. (D) 3. (E) 0 2 Succession 1. (F) 2. (B) 3. (E) 0 3 Constellations 1. (B) 2. (C) 3. (A) Summary 0 1 Literature Sample response: 1. Through literature, we can learn about the world in three main ways. 2. First, we learn about people by reading the experiences of the author. 3. Second, we learn about history when we read stories written in the past. 4. Last, the writing itself can teach us about the language we use. 0 2 The Renaissance Sample response: 1. The Renaissance was a period of remarkable change. 2. People’s major concern shifted from God to humans. 3. Art, philosophy, and education emphasized the achievements of people. 4. People stopped living for a future life and started living for their present one. 0 3 Oaks Sample response: 1. For a long time, oaks have been important trees to people. 2. Oaks can grow very old and very large, and their acorns may have been an early human food. 3. Oaks were so important in the past for construction that people made myths about them and even worshipped them. 4. Even nowadays, oak is an important resource for fuel and carpentry. Focus B Guided Practice 0 1 Geology Suggested answer: This passage describes the different branches of geology. The first of these branches of geology looks at the rocks and land inside the Earth. On the other hand, physical oceanography looks at the oceans and the rocks beneath them. Next, the passage describes historical geology, which may involve the study of fossils, and economic geology, which deals with the search for minerals and fuels. 0 2 Evaluating Sources Suggested answer: This passage explains how to evaluate different sources of information. First, we should consider if the source is a primary source, which means the writer gives first-hand information, or if the source is a secondary source, which means the writer gives second-hand information. Another point to consider is whether the source is presenting facts or opinions. Finally, we should look at when the source was written, as older sources may have outdated information. Chapter 3 679 0 3 Machines Suggested answers: This passage explains three examples of simple machines: levers, pulleys, and wheels and axles. Simple machines like these are useful because they can multiply the force applied to them and they can change the direction of that force. Levers are used to lift and push. Pulleys are used to lift heavy objects. Wheels and axles are used to turn large wheels. Summary 0 1 Vitamins Sample response: This passage examines some facts and myths about vitamins and health. It first mentions the belief that taking Vitamin C can cure a cold is not true. Next, it states that being careful about taking Vitamin D is a good idea because too much can cause health damage. Finally, the passage warns against the belief that people should take a lot of Vitamin A; in fact, too much Vitamin A can also cause health problems. 0 2 The Earth Sample response: This passage describes different ways that the age of the Earth has been calculated. It first tells about an older technique that calculated age based on the idea that lower layers of rock are older than higher layers. Another, more accurate, technique mentioned in the passage is measuring the radioactive particles from rocks. By using this second method, scientists have concluded that the Earth is about 4.5 billion years old. 0 3 Silver Work Sample response: This passage discusses the silver works of three different First Nations. It first explains about the Navajo people. They learned how to silver work from Mexicans and later added turquoise to their silver jewelry. Next, it describes how the Zuni people learned silver working from the Navajo. Eventually, turquoise became more important than silver in Zuni pieces. Finally, the passage describes Hopi sil- ver works. They first learned this craft from the Zuni and later formed a silver works guild with soldiers from World War II. Skill A 01 1. (A) 2. (A) 3. (A) 4. Don’t SKIP meals / Eat when you are HUNGRY / Eat REGULAR meals / Eat fruit, VEGETABLES, meats, and grains 02 1. (D) 2. (A) 3. (B), (C) 4. Known: year of BIRTH, year of DEATH / Unknown: month of BIRTH, name of LOVER 03 1. (A) 2. (C) 3. (D) 4. Physical changes: stored energy in fat, SLOW BREATHING, LOW or SLOW HEART RATE / Animals that hibernate: BEARS, snakes, FROGS 04 1. (D) 2. (D) 3. (C) 4. Storage: (over) 5,000 songs Size: 9.1 cm (3.6 inches) tall / 5 cm (2 inches) wide 05 1. (B) 2. (B) 3. (D) 4. SPORT / Ex. the PERSISTENCE Hunt / Who: the SAN people / What: hunted ANTELOPE / How: ran for as long EIGHT HOURS / too TIRED 06 1. (A) 2. (A) 3. (C) 4. Be SPECIFIC, State EXACTLY what is needed / Be POSITIVE, Use POLITE language / Remember the GOLDEN rule 07 1. (B) 2. (C), (D) 3. (A) 4. Parking spaces are LIMITED / Freshmen CAN’T PARK / A LOTTERY determines who can park / Winners must pay MONEY to park 08 1. (D) 2. (A) 3. (B) 4. use INDEX cards / front of card: write (NEW) WORD / back of card: top - write ENGLISH DEFINITION, bottom - write SENTENCE (USING WORD) and (DRAW A) PICTURE Skill B 01 1. (B) 2. (C) 3. (A) 4. Also called: SOUTH POLE Was attached to: AUSTRALIA Lowest temp.: -88˚C Only humans there: SCIENTISTS 02 1. (A) 2. (B) 3. (C) 4. need: STUDENT ID CARD / can use these facilities: SWIMMING pool, GYM, WEIGHT ROOM 03 1. (D) 2. (A) 3. (B) 4. COMEDY - happy endings TRAGEDY - hero ruins his life TRAGICOMEDY - unexpected endings 04 1. (C) 2. (C) 3. (A) 4. BLUE rays scatter most RED rays scatter least YELLOW rays scatter neither most nor least 05 1. (D) 2. (A) 3. (A), (D) 4. keep in DORM ROOM / let them OUT or WALK in the room / give them BATHS or FOOD / take them back to the BEACH 06 1. (C) 2. (C) 3. (B), (C) 4. important aspects of reading: SPEED, UNDERSTANDING, enjoyment, REMEMBERING 07 1. (D) 2. (D) 3. (B) 4. Why don’t we get enough? --- LONG winters, not going OUTSIDE often, few FOODS have much of it How can we get more? --- eating FISH, getting more SUNSHINE 08 1. (B) 2. (D) 3. (C) 4. LICENSE PLATE --- lets others know who’s driving LADDER --- helps spiders get out of bathtubs (PORTABLE) SEAT --- provides a chair to sit on wherever you are 680 Answer Key Listening Chapter 1 Skill C 01 1. (C) 2. (C) 3. (B) 4. Determining GRADES / mid-term = 15 PERCENT, final = 30 PERCENT / first essay = 10 PERCENT, second essay = 30 PERCENT / attendance and PARTICIPATION = 15 percent 02 1. (B) 2. (A) 3. (D) 4. read a NEWSPAPER / make a list of EIGHT to ten new words / look them up in a DICTIONARY / write them in your vocabulary NOTEBOOK 03 1. (A) 2. (B) 3. (C) 4. painted by: DA VINCI / is often: COPIED / has an interesting: SMILE / doesn’t have any: EYEBROWS 04 1. (A) 2. (A) 3. (D) 4. were good WEAVERS materials: ANIMAL HAIR/WOOL, vegetable fibers, COTTON methods: by hand, BY LOOM products: BASKETS, blankets, CLOTHES 05 1. (A) 2. (C) 3. (C) 4. Turtles are DISAPPEARING in Mexico. Causes: they LAY EGGS on the beach, people EAT/TAKE THE EGGS How to help: call the ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION hotline, look up www.enviro.com on the INTERNET 06 1. (A) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. When? this YEAR / Who? CHOI MIN-SOO / What? machine that LESSENS noise / Why? help people who need QUIET 07 1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. Development: When? OVER 2,500 YEARS AGO, Where? CHINA / Method: Uses what? NEEDLES, How many body spots? 787 08 1. (B) 2. (A), (B), (C) 3. (A) 4. (A) LINE (B) (LINE) SEGMENT (C) POINT Review A-C Vocabulary Review 1. (B) 2. (B) 3. (A) 4. (C) 5. (B) 6. (C) 7. (B) 8. (A) 9. (A) 10. (B) 11. (D) 12. (C) 13. (B) 14. (D) 15. (C) 16. fortune 17. determined 18. multiply 19. continuously 20. specific 21. (O) 22. (S) 23. (O) 24. (S) 25. (O) Skill Review 01 1. (A) 2. (A), (C) 3. (B) 4. (A) 5. (B) 6. (A) 02 1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (B), (D) 4. (B) 5. (A) 6. (B) Skill D 01 1. (C) 2. (D) 3. Nova Scotia College of Art --- (B), (C); Transcript Office --- (A), (D) 4. wants to TRANSFER / needs her TRANSCRIPT / can get it at TRANSCRIPT OFFICE / will get it in 3 OR 4 DAYS 02 1. (C) 2. (A) 3. Yes --- (A), (D); No --- (B), (C) 4. What? saying USED TOO OFTEN / How learned? From OTHERS / Example? I LOVE CHOCOLATE. 03 1. (B) 2. (A) 3. advantages --- (B), (C); disadvantages --- (A), (D) Answer Key 681 4. public schools are too DANGEROUS / education level is too LOW / freedom to teach RELIGION / can give students ATTENTION 04 1. (A) 2. (C) 3. 19 th century --- (A), (B) / 20 th century --- (C), (D) 4. born in GERMANY / attended university in SWITZERLAND / left GERMANY / moved to USA 05 1. (A) 2. (B) 3. Yes --- (B), (C), (D); No --- (A) 4. Why? His body NEEDS MORE OXYGEN / Why? Oxygen CLEANS YOUR BLOOD / How to get more Oxygen? BREATH DEEPLY 06 1. (C) 2. (D) 3. Largest --- (C), (D); Smallest --- (A), (B) 4. Where: lies between ATLANTIC AND PACIFIC, 300 km north of ANTARCTICA / Facts: 1500 km wide at equator, has 12 countries 07 1. (D) 2. (B) 3. Category --- (A); Process --- (B), (C), (D) 4. When? NEXT WEEK / Where? STUDENT CENTER / What? students photos of NATURE, STUDENTS, PROFESSORS, BUILDINGS 08 1. (D) 2. (C) 3. China --- (C); Rome --- (A); The Bible --- (B) 4. information about NUMBERS OF PEOPLE / helps GOVERNMENTS / early examples from CHINA, THE BIBLE, ROMAN EMPIRE Skill E 01 1. Yes --- (B), (C); No --- (A), (D) 2. (A) 3. (D) 4. too HOT to visit / once had RIVERS and oceans, has TWO moons 02 1. Yellow Card --- (A), (C); Red Card --- (B), (D) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. YELLOW card = warning / RED card = can’t play anymore / Soccer or FOOTBALL, has many RULES, basic rule: don’t HURT ANOTHER PLAYER 03 1. Mark Twain --- (A), (B); Train Conductor --- (C), (D) 2. (A) 3. (D) 4. Boarded TRAIN in New York / couldn’t get room on SLEEPING coach / conductor thought Twain was GENERAL MCCLELLAN / conductor gave him room in FIRST class 04 1. Enjoy meeting people --- (B), (C) Quiet and thoughtful --- (A), (D) 2. (D) 3. (B) 4. Most important: PERSONALITY / SOCIAL status / Have to do the JOB every day 05 1. Yes --- (B), (C); No --- (A), (D) 2. (A) 3. (A) 4. Simple ways to EXERCISE / WALK up stairs / Squeeze a TENNIS BALL --- Helps you RELAX / Walk BACKWARDS --- Strengthens the BACK of your legs 06 1. normally --- (B), (D); slowly --- (A), (C) 2. (C) 3. (B) 4. how fast? 2,200 km/h, once a day it TURNS AROUND / SLOWER than Earth’s, moon gets TWO WEEKS of night and TWO WEEKS of day 07 1. Man --- (B), (C); Woman --- (A), (D) 2. (A) 3. (A) 4. TV SHOW (George Washington) / INTERNET (too many sites) / VIDEO (professor could recommend one) 08 1. Detail --- (B); Color --- (C); Movement --- (A) 2. (B) 3. (D) 4. How to REMEMBER things better Give objects THREE qualities DETAIL COLOR MOVEMENT 682 Answer Key Skill F 01 1. 1 (D), 2 (C), 3 (B), 4 (A) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. Rise: became rich from COLONIES, made colonies in CUBA and PHILIPPINES / Decline: lost wars to ENGLAND and AMERICA, lost colonies to AMERICA 02 1. 1 (A), 2 (D), 3 (B) 2. (A) 3. (B) 4. has worked as a professor for 18 YEARS / studied WRITING / loves TEACHING 03 1. 1 (C), 2 (D), 3 (B), 4 (A) 2. (B) 3. (D) 4. first appeared in comics 1939 / Robin appeared 1940 / Alfred appeared 1943 / first teamed with Superman 1952 / Batman’s new look 1964 04 1. 1 (C), 2 (A), 3 (D), 4 (B) 2. (B) 3. (C) 4. How: leaks NATURALLY, humans spill it when CARRYING ON BOATS / Steps: SPREADING, EVAPORATION, EMULSIFICATION / Result: HEAVY AND STICKY substance called chocolate mousse 05 1. 1 (C), 2 (D), 3 (B), 4 (A) 2. (D) 3. (C) 4. Will SKIP CLASS today / Feels SICK / Might have MALARIA / Forgot to TAKE MEDICINE 06 1. 1 (C), 2 (B), 3 (D), 4 (A) 2. (B) 3. (A) 4. sound from THUNDER, thunder travels at 1 KM PER SECOND, distance of storm = seconds between LIGHTNING AND THUNDER x 1/3 km / temperature, COOL air from storms travels THREE miles ahead of storm 07 1. 1 (B), 2 (D), 3 (A) 2. (C) 3. (C) 4. Arizona: GRAND CANYON / New Mexico: ALBUQUERQUE / in A CAVE, wore HATS WITH LIGHTS 08 1. 1 (C), 2 (A), 3 (D), 4 (B) 2. (C) 3. (D) 4. painter scientist INVENTOR / kept notebooks of OBSERVATIONS (OF NATURAL WORLD) / cut open DEAD PEOPLE to learn HOW THE BODY WORKS Review A-F Vocabulary Review 1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. (D) 5. (B) 6. (B) 7. (A) 8. (C) 9. (A) 10. (A) 11. (B) 12. (C) 13. (C) 14. (B) 15. (C) 16. warning 17. forced 18. realize 19. factor 20. qualities 21. empire 22. cavern 23. bomb 24. crude 25. campus Skill Review 01 1. (D) 2. (A), (C), (D) 3. (D) 4. Chess --- (B); Eidetic --- (C); Dr. DeGroot --- (A) 5. (A) 6. 1 (D), 2 (C), 3 (A), 4 (B) 02 1. (B) 2. (B) 3. (A) 4. Underline key words --- (A); Look for important points --- (C); Wait, think about it --- (B) 5. (A) 6. 1 (D), 2 (C), 3 (B), 4 (A) Answer Key 683 Skill A 01 1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (B), (D) 4. (D) 02 1. (A) 2. (C) 3. (A) 4. (D) 03 1. (D) 2. (A), (B), (D) 3. (A) 4. (B) 04 1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. (B) 05 1. (B) 2. (C) 3. (A) 4. (B) 06 1. (D) 2. (A) 3. (B), (D) 4. (C) Skill B 01 1. (C) 2. (D) 3. (D) 4. (A) 02 1. (B) 2. (A) 3. (C) 4. (C) 03 1. (B) 2. (D) 3. (C) 4. (B) 04 1. (D) 2. (B) 3. (A), (C), (D) 4. (B) 05 1. (B) 2. (D) 3. (A), (C) 4. (A) 06 1. (C) 2. (C) 3. (B) 4. (D) Skill C 01 1. (A) 2. (D) 3. (D) 4. (B) 02 1. (C) 2. (D) 3. (D) 4. (C) 03 1. (C) 2. (C) 3. (D) 4. (B) 04 1. (D) 2. (B), (C), (D) 3. (D) 4. (B) 05 1. (C) 2. (D) 3. (B) 4. (A) 06 1. (B) 2. (B) 3. (D) 4. (A) Review A-C Vocabulary Review 1. (B) 2. (C) 3. (D) 4. (B) 5. (A) 6. (C) 7. (B) 8. (A) 9. (D) 10. (D) 11. (C) 12. (A) 13. (D) 14. (A) 15. (C) 16. (A) 17. (D) 18. (A) 19. (D) 20. (B) 21. (B) 22. (B) 23. (A) 24. (C) 25. (D) 26. (B) 27. (A) 28. (D) 29. (B) 30. (B) 31. modern 32. customs 33. centuries 34. superstition 35. customary 36. reason 37. represents 38. omens 39. big day 40. blood 41. vessel 42. instance 43. stain 44. escort 45. panic 46. (O) 47. (O) 48. (S) 49. (O) 50. (O) 684 Answer Key Chapter 2 Skill Review 01 1. (D) 2. (A), (B) 3. (A) 4. (B) 5. (C) 6. (D) 02 1. (A), (C) 2. (B), (D) 3. (B) 4. (C) 5. (A) 6. (B) 03 1. (C) 2. (A), (D) 3. (A) 4. (B) 5. (C) 6. (B) 04 1. (C) 2. (A), (C) 3. (C) 4. (C) 5. (D) 6. (D) Skill D 01 1. strength --- (A); heart, lungs --- (B); balance, coordination --- (C), (D) 2. (C) 3. (B) 4. (D) 02 1. mechanical --- (B), (D); chemical --- (A), (C) 2. (C) 3. (B) 4. (B) 03 1. Lecture --- (A), (C); Review Session --- (B), (D) 2. (C) 3. (A), (B), (D), (F) 4. (B) 04 1. Example 1 --- (A), (B); Example 2 --- (D), (C) 2. (C) 3. (D) 4. (B) 05 1. Shenandoah --- (A), (D); Missouri --- (B), (C) 2. (C) 3. (B) 4. (A) 06 1. Equator --- (B), (D); Horse Latitudes --- (A), (C) 2. (D) 3. (B), (C) 4. (B) Skill E 01 1. (D) 2. (D) 3. (B) 4. (D) 02 1. (A) 2. (C) 3. (D) 4. (C) 03 1. (A) 2. (D) 3. (B), (C) 4. (D) 04 1. (C) 2. (D) 3. (C) 4. (A) 05 1. (D) 2. (D) 3. (D) 4. (C) 06 1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. (B) Skill F 01 1. (C), (B), (A) 2. (A), (D) 3. (B) 4. (C) 02 1. (B), (A), (D), (C) 2. (B) 3. (A) 4. (C) 03 1. (C), (B), (D), (A) 2. (C) 3. (D) 4. (C) 04 1. (B), (A), (D), (C) 2. (C) 3. (B) 4. (B) 05 1. (C), (B), (D), (A) 2. (D) 3. (D) 4. (B) 06 1. (B), (A), (D), (C) 2. (C) 3. (D) 4. (B) Answer Key 685 686 Answer Key Review A-F Vocabulary Review 1. (A) 2. (C) 3. (B) 4. (D) 5. (C) 6. (A) 7. (B) 8. (D) 9. (C) 10. (B) 11. (B) 12. (B) 13. (D) 14. (A) 15. (C) 16. (A) 17. (C) 18. (A) 19. (C) 20. (A) 21. (B) 22. (D) 23. (B) 24. (A) 25. (C) 26. (D) 27. (C) 28. (B) 29. (B) 30. (A) 31. muscles 32. lift 33. treadmill 34. co-ordination 35. aerobics 36. calm 37. key 38. alert 39. discipline 40. personalities 41. deal with 42. valid 43. combination 44. stall 45. mineral 46. (D) 47. (A) 48. (E) 49. (B) 50. (C) Skill Review 01 1. (B) 2. (C) 3. (B), (C) 4. (D), (A), (C), (B) 5. (A) 6. (B) 02 1. (B), (C) 2. (B) 3. (C) 4. (A) 5. (A), (D), (B), (C) 6. (C) 03 1. (D) 2. (A) 3. (C) 4. (B) 5. (A), (C), (B), (D) 6. (A) 04 1. (A) 2. (B), (C) 3. (C) 4. (B) 5. (A), (B), (D), (C) 6. (A) Focus A Tables 1 01 Geometry --- study of .POINTS A line with two points is a .SEGMENT Two lines the same length are .CONGRUENT 02 Causes fish to rise .OXYGEN Sharks do not have .SWIM BLADDER Sharks use this to propel themselves .TAIL Sharks use this to change direction .FIN 03 People who speak . Two languages = BILINGUAL Three languages = TRILINGUAL People learn languages From FAMILY Through STUDY Two languages in Quebec . ENGLISH FRENCH Tables 2 01 Comedy HAPPY ending SHAKESPEARE Much Ado About Nothing Tragedy tragic FLAW in character Ibsen GHOSTS Tragicomedy seems tragic but funny or UNCLEAR ending SHAW Saint Joan 02 Types of weathering Mechanical CHEMICAL Process disintegration or DESTRUCTION oxidation, CARBONATION, or hydration Caused by freezing, ROOTS, or animals REACTIONS with air or water 03 Define desert by: 1. RAINFALL 2. evaporation 3. desert = evap>RAINFALL Specific types of desert: 1. TRADE wind desert, SAHARA Desert, around equator 2. rain SHADOW desert, JUDEAN Desert, near mountain 3. COASTAL desert Atacama Desert = DRIEST desert on Earth Focus B Completing Note Diagrams 1 01 Spain --- location - S of FRANCE, W of ITALY --- 16 th century - MOST POWERFUL NATION in world --- 1490s - Spanish people brought GOLD AND SILVER from America Spain became RICH Made new colonies: CUBA and PHILIPPINES --- 1588 - War with ENGLAND Began to lose POWER --- 1898 - LOST COLONIES in Spanish-American War Answer Key 687 Chapter 3 . Simple machines like these are useful because they can multiply the force applied to them and they can change the direction of that force. Levers are used. passage describes the different branches of geology. The first of these branches of geology looks at the rocks and land inside the Earth. On the other hand, physical