STRESS

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STRESS

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family, cinema, regular, singular, international, satisfactory, recognize, demonstrate, qualify, psychology, biologist, biology, democracy, responsibility… Usually on the 2nd syllables f[r]

(1)PHẦN II – STRESS – TRỌNG ÂM RULES TO MARK STRESS – QUI TẮC ĐÁNH TRỌNG ÂM Definitions: I Phoneme: The smallest part of sound (vowel and consonant sounds) Âm tố - là thành phần nhỏ âm (gồm nguyên âm và phụ âm) Syllable: The sound made when one or clusters of phoneme are articulated Âm tiết – là tiếng phát nhiều âm tố phát âm Stress: The degree of the loudness or prominence with which a sound ort a word is pronounced Độ lớn hay thống trị âm âm tiết chùm âm từ (có từ hai âm tiết trở lên) đọc, nói hay phát âm II Rules to mark stress: Di-syllable words: a Usually on the second syllable if it is a verb whose second syllable doesn’t contain the vowel sounds of /ә/, /I/, and /әu/, on the first syllable of the other words (trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ động từ - trừ các âm tiết thứ chứa nguyên âm /ә/, /I/, /әu/, rơi vào âm tiết thứ các từ loại còn lại) As: mother, ready, color, palace, student, teacher, tonight, afraid, people, money, enjoy, paper, begin, provide, summer, abroad, noisy, success, enter,… b Usually on the root syllables with words having suffixes or prefixes(đối với từ có mang tiền tố, hậu tố, trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết gốc) As: become, react, foretell, unpleasant, begin, failure, threaten, daily, treatment, ruler, unknown, builder, lately, quickly,… c Be careful with words with different word-class (đối với từ mà thân có nhiều chức từ vựng ta áp dụng qui tắc a) As Verb Other words Verb Other words Verb Other words rebel rebel record Record conflict conflict progress progress export Export permit permit suspect suspect conduct conduct a b c PRACTICE EXERCISE - BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH Find the one whose stress pattern is different from the others of the same group A paper B tonight C lecture D story A money B army C afraid D people A enjoy B daughter C provide D decide A begin B pastime C finish D summer A abroad B noisy C hundred D quiet A passion B aspect C medium D success A exist B evolve C enjoy D enter A doctor B modern C corner D Chinese A complain B machine C music D instead 10 A writer B baker C builder D career 11 A provide B adopt C happen D inspire 12 A result B region C river D robot 13 A constant B basic C irate D obvious 14 A become B carry C appoint D invent 15 A engine B battle C career D rabies 16 A attract B destroy C level D occur 17 A spaceship B planet C solar D surround 18 A brilliant B daily C extreme D protein 19 A appoint B gather C threaten D vanish 20 A button B canal C failure D monster Words with more than two syllable: Usually on the 3rd syllables from the end (trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thư ba kể từ âm tiết cuối): As family, cinema, regular, singular, international, satisfactory, recognize, demonstrate, qualify, psychology, biologist, biology, democracy, responsibility… Usually on the 2nd syllables from the end with words ending in “ian”, “ic”, “ience”, “ient”, “al”, “ial”, “ual”, “eous”, “ious”, “iar”, “ion”(đối với các từ có tận cùng đã liệt kê, trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết liền trước các tận cùng này – thứ kể từ âm tiết cuối) As: physician, experience, expedient, parental, essential, habitual, courageous, delicious, familiar,… (Except for: Television) Usually on the suffixes “ese”, “ee’, “eer”, “ier”, “ette”, “oo”, “esque” (đối với các từ có tận cùng liệt kê, trọng âm thường rơi vào chính các âm tiết chứa các tận cùng này) As: Portuguese, refugee, employee, engineer, volunteer, adequate, picturesque, cigarette,… (2) 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Notes: 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 PRACTICE EXERCISE - BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH Find the one whose stress pattern is different from the others of the same group A interesting B surprising C amusing D successful A understand B engineer C benefit D Vietnamese A aP.Plicant B uniform C yesterday D employment A dangerous B parachute C popular D magazine A beautifully B intelligent C redundancy D discovery A comfortable B employment C important D surprising A variety B irrational C industrial D characterize A colorful B equality C dictionary D vegetable A elegant B regional C musical D important A difference B suburban C internet D character A beautiful B effective C favorite D popular A attraction B government C borrowing D visit A difficulty B individual C population D unemployment A biology B redundancy C interviewer D comparative A conversation B isolation C traditional D situation A capital B tradition C different D opera A inventor B physicist C president D gardener A biology B interviewer C redundancy D America A encourage B consider C constitute D inhabit A industry B holiday C adventure D certainty - Trên thực tế không có qui tắc bất biến cho việc xác định vị trí trọng âm từ - Việc xác định trọng âm cần thực cùng cách phát âm, dựa nhiều vào kinh nghiệm - Những bài tập cung cấp là bài tập có tần suất sử dụng lớn để soạn đề thi PRACTICE EXERCISE - BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH Find the word whose stress pattern is different from the others of the same group: A continue B disaP.Pear C imagine D inhabit A altogether B capacity C eventually D particular A professor B digestion C mechanic D engine A mathematics B biology C experiment D philosophy A evolution B development C discovery D philosopher A another B energy C centigrade D gravity A evaporate B temperature C impossible D experiment A gravity B professor C pyramid D remedy A abandon B discover C imagine D satisfy A activity B epidemic C philosopher D significance A disease B humor C cancer D treatment A remedy B exercise C pollution D surgery A pneumonia B activity C psychiatrist D ordinary A persuade B reduce C offer D apply A expression B successful C physical D prevention A farmer B farewell C factory D fairy A cattle B country C canal D cover A money B machine C many D mother A borrow B agree C await D prepare A government B condition C parliament D fortunate A paper B police C people D purpose A interesting B important C increasing D implying A element B enormous C animal D elephant A damage B destroy C demand D deny A biology B intelligent C environment D infrastructure A ancient B attack C alive D across A person B purpose C possess D pirate A eternal B enormous C enemy D Egyptian A ruler B river C retire D rapid A revolution B responsible C renovation D regulation A sentence B suggest C species D system A bacteria B dangerous C government D interesting (3) 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 A attack A pyramid A accompany A provide A cinema A design A exercise A excellent A beautiful A theatre A amuse A especially A policeman A advice A prepare A famous A vacation A theatre A picture A museum A performance A yesterday A memory A sorry A interest A policeman A vegetable A homework A uncle A every A produce A vegetable A coffee A eleven A preparation A leather A mirror A discovery A descendant A resounding A difference A devilish A arithmetic A honorable A militarism A suP.Port A apology A oblivious A librarian A architect A utterance A ferocious A occurrence B defeat B pharaoh B responsibility B improve B telephone B garage B example B exactly B elephant B unknown B imagine B beautifully B performer B beauty B practice B curious B colleague B career B business B cinema B unknown B tonight B article B tractor B remember B semester B interesting B lesson B machine B evening B money B university B farmer B elephant B decoration B paper B invent B calculator B environment B recompense B deficit B transparent B aristocrat B intimacy B infected B colleague B apparent B ferocious B respectable B pioneer B attendance B adventure B particular C believe C animal C environment C contain C department C market C holiday C dangerous C already C absence C interest C quickly C engineer C picture C prevent C anxious C pupil C cinema C stranger C hospital C visit C today C newspaper C police C assemble C exercise C volleyball C detect C rubber C potato C improve C Wednesday C paper C energy C television C iron C wallet C aero-plane C ornamental C reconcile C reference C glorify C artificial C participate C eventual C bilingual C adverbial C scandalous C terrific C military C performance C Orient C spectator D happen D possession D parliament D borrow D restaurant D village D stadium D wonderful D usually D dinner D surprise D lately D assistant D postcard D provide D delicious D teacher D gallery D return D concert D confirm D tomorrow D edition D fireman D resemble D attendance D detective D tennis D butter D factory D because D television D deliver D envelope D exhibition D ceramics D engine D difficulty D delivery D recognize D deficiency D luxury D argument D interviewer D community D evaluate D advocate D victorious D terrorist D principal D reluctance D achievement D preference (4)

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