Impacts of COVID19 on work of healthcare workers and some associated factors in hanoi in 2020

TW jfcfc «s> «> *4: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am indebted to my mentor Assoc.Prof.Le Thi Thanh Xuan from the Depaitment of Occupational Health School of Preventive Medicine and Public Health for her exemplary guidance, monitoring and constant encouragement throughout the course of this thesis I also wish to take this opportunity to express a deep sense of gratitude to the Board of Directors, Training Department of School of Piex entire Medicine and Public Health for their cordial support valuable information and guidance which helped me in completing this task through various stages would like to express my deepest thanks to the Managing Board Department of Training Hanoi Medical University who had created a favorable and wonderful environment in the school for the past years, I wish to thank all the teachers in the Department of Occupational Health School of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Hanoi Medical University for their valuable information pres ided by them in their respective fields and allow me to use data for my dissertation I am grateful for their cooperation during the period of my assignment Lastly I would like to express my deepest thanks to my loving family, relatives and friends for their constant encouragement without them this thesis would not be possible The result of my thesis is pan of the data from the survey which was implemented from April 2020 to December 2020 by the Department of Occupational Health The data extraction has been approved by project members My main role in this project was support in cleaning data and data analysis Through this role I would like to describe the occupational burden of Covid-19 pandemic on health worker and some associated factors in Hanoi.2020 The data of this project has not been publicly available anywhere Student Nguyen Huy Hoaug SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence-Freedom Happiness CONFIRMATION To: Management Board of Hanoi Medical University - Department of Undergraduate Training Management and Department of Student Affairs, Hanoi Medical University - School of Preventive Medicine and Pdblic Health Hanoi Medical University - Department of Occupational Health School of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Examination Committee for Graduation Thesis 2020-2021 I hereby declare that this research was originally done by myself Tire data handling and analysis were objectively completed with honesty The results of this stud)' have not been published in any document Hanoi May 2O2Ỉ Student Nguyen Hu) Hoang ABBREVIATION HCWs : Healthcare worker PPE : Personal protective equipment CDC : Control diseases center ILO : International Labour Organization EFA : Exploratory factor analysis WHO ; World Health Organization -w ã* CN ôG TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWL EDGEMENT CONFIRMATION ABBREVIATION ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1; LITERATURE REVIEW— .- 1(1 c otic epts The Healthcare Worker— L1J Workload 1.13 Working conditions 1.2 Characteristics of pathology and prevention treatment of COXTD 19 12.1 Definition and origin of Covid-19 122 Transmission characteristics and diagnosis - 123 Treatment and pre ention • III ritiirtII!I till Ifiifii Ifiiiim ItiMt II«|||«IIIIHIII 13 The epidemiological situation of COVID-19 1.4 Impacts ofCOVTD-19 on work of healthcare workers 16 1.4.1 In die world 16 1.42 In Vietnam 17 1.5 Associated factors of COVID-19 impacts on work of healthcare workers 18 1.5.1 Workplace Factors If IIIIWtlMllllllltlf ItlttllKWIIIMI 18 1.52 Personal Characteristics 19 1.53 Organizational Factors 20 CHAPTER 2: RESEARCH SUBJECTS AND METHODOLOGY -21 2.1 Study subjects - 22 Study time and study sites TW jfcfc «s ■> 21 2.3 Methodology 21 2.3.1 Study design 21 2.3 J Sampling 22 2.33 Variables and indicators 22 2.4 Data collection tool and technique 2-4.1 Technique for data collection 25 t ♦r 25 »» 2.4.2 Tool for data collection 25 2.5 Potential Errors and Solutions • •• •• •••••••.27 as r 2.6 Data management and analysts 2.7 Ethical consideration •• 28 CH APTER 3: RESULTS 29 3.1 Characteristics of research subjects 29 3.2 Impacts on respondents’ work due to ( OVID-19 34 33 Some associated factors with perception on work impacts due to COVID-19 39 CHAPTER DISCUSION™ 63 Impacts on healthcare worker' work due to COVID-19 63 4.2 Some associated factors to impacts on work of HCWs due to COVID-19 65 4.3 Strengthen and limitation of this stud}’ CONCLUSION 70 RECOMMENDATION ™71 REFERENCES APPENDIX TWM*M«K> *4: LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Variables and indicators 22 Table 3.1 Demographic characteristics of study participants 29 Table 3.2 Occupational characteristics of study participants 30 Table 3.3 Working department of study participants 31 Tabic 3.4 The construct validity of the questionnaire with respect to the impacts of COVID* 19 work of hospital staff .37 Table 3.5 Correlation between level of hospitals and avoidance of healthcare workers work due to COM D-19 39 Table 3.6 Correlation between genderand avoidance of healthcare worker’s work due to COVID-19 39 Table 3.7 Correlation between job title and avoidance of healthcare worker’s work due to COMD-19 40 Table 3.8 Conelation between risk of exposure and avoidance of healthcare workers work due to COMD-19 41 Table 3.9 Corrđation between marital status and avoidance of health care worker s work due to COX1D-19 41 Table 3.10 Correlation between living withand avoidance of health care worker’s work due to COVID-19 42 Table 3.11 Correlation between educationand avoidance of health care worker's work due to COVID-19 42 Table 3.12 Correlation between age group and avoidance of health care worker s work due to COVID* 19 43 Table 3.13 Correlation between occupational age occupational age group and avoidance of health care worker’s work due to COVID-19 44 Table 3.14 Con-elation between level of hospitals and good working relationship of study participants 45 Table 3.15 Correlation between gender and good working relationship of study participants 45 Table 3.16 Correlation between job title and good working relationship of study participants 46 Table 3.17 Correlation between risk of exposure to coxid-19 and good working relationship of study partkipants 46 Table 3.18 Correlation between marital status and good working relationship of study participants 4' Table 3.19 Correlation between status living with and good working relationship of study participants 47 Table 3.20 Correlation bemwn education and good working relationship of study participants ~ 43 Table 3.21 Correlation between group ages and good working relationship of study participants iiriMMin timtf Iifiiif I mint Mil tun IIIMI ti 43 Table 3.21 Correlation between working year group and good working relationship of study participants Table 3.22 Correlation between le\-el of hospitals and increased work pressure due to COVID-19 50 Table 3.23 Conelation between gender and increased "Ork pressure due to COVID-19 tniMimivittm timimiimmmmiimmmiiMi mmtiiiimit Table 3.24 Correlation between job title and increased work pressure due to COVID-19 51 Table 3.25 Correlation between risk of exposure and increased woik pressure due to COVID-19 -w ã* CN ôG Table 3.26 Correlation between marital status and increased work pressure due to COVID-19 32 Table 3.27 Correlation between Living with and increased work pressure due to COVID-19 Table 3.28 Correlation between education and increased work pressure due to COVID-19 Table 3.29 Correlation between age group and increased work pressure due to COVID-19 • Me ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• «•«•••••••••••••• •■••••• 53 Table 3.30 Correlation between working year group and increased work pressure due to COVID-19 54 Table 3.31 Multivariate regression for identifying factors associated with avoidance of heahh care worker's work due to COVID-19 55 Table 3.32 Multivariate regression for identifying factors associated with good working relationship of study participants 57 Table 3.33 Multivariate regression for identifying factors associated with increased work pressure due to COVID 19 - 60 -w ã* CN ôG LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1 Drivers of transmission of coronavirus (COVID-19) infection consist of short-range, large-droplet transmission (>5 pm in diameter, traveling ■•6 Figure 1.2: 5K messages recommended by tile Ministry of Health 12 Figure 13 Map of COVID-19 cases in Vietnam from April 27 to May 10, 2021 Figure 3.1 Risk of exposure to COVID-19 of subjects 15 32 Figure 3.2 Provided with necessan goods duiing COVID-19 .32 Figure 3.3 Pro'ided with personal protective equipment during COVID-19 33 Figure 3.4 Organize advocacy activities 33 Figure 3.5 Avoidance of healthcare worker's work due to COVID-19 34 Figure 3.6 Good working relationship of study partidpaits 35 Figure 3.7 Increased work pressure due to COVID-19 of study participants 36 -w ã* CN ôG 46 World Health Oranization Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public 2020 47 Shang L Zhao J Hu Y Du R Cao B On the use of corticosteroids for 2019-nCoV pneumonia The Lancet 48 Zumla A Hui DS Azhar El Memish ZA Maeurer M Reducing mortality from 2019-nCoV: host-directed therapies should be an option Lancet (London England) 2020 49 Li Q Guan X wu p Wang X Zhou L Tong Y, et al Early Transmission Dynamics LU Wuhan China of Novel Coronavirus Infected Pneumonia 2020 50 World Health Oranization Coronavirus disease 2019 (COXTD-19) Situation Report 82 2020 51 Chi lhi so 16/CT-TTg ngày 31/3/2020 VC thực hiộn biện pháp cểp bach phong, chống dịch COV1D-19 Imps: ‘moh.a^v.nVweb/dich- benh'cac-van-ban-chi-dao-cua-dang-nha-nLioc.Jasset-publisher'zRev.tD 15XCJB content thu-tuong-chinh-plni-vua-ban- hanh-chi -thi -so-16-et-ng-ngay-31 -3-2020-ve-thuc-hien-cac-bien-phapcap-bach-phong-chong-dsch-covid-19 52 5K message launched in COVID-19 pandemic time http~Z'ne\vs.clii nhpliu Home K-message-Iaunched-in-COXTD 19- pandemic-time 20209/41455.vgp 53 Công vãn M) 6649-BYT-KCB topst^moh govvn thong-tm-chi -dao-di eu-hanh."’ as$ei_pjbli s her 'DOH 11]In DN8’\\z tent bo-i^te-chi-ao-tang-ciKmgpbang-chong-dich-covid-19-tai-co-so-kham-chua-benh 54 Map of COVID-19 case in Vietnam https ĩ/Avuxv.qdnd.MVda-phuongti en in foRiaphicban-do -covid-19-ngạy-10- 5-viet-nam-da- CO-4 2- ca- mac-covid-19-trong-cong-dong-659182 55 Kang L, Li Y Hu s Cben M Yang c Yang BN et al The mental health of medical workers in Wuhan China dealing with the 2019 novel coronaMrus, Lancet Psychiatry 2020;7(3):el4 56 Tảc dông dịch bỳnh COV1D-I9 dối vdi SO linh vục xa hội 2020; http; 'quochol.vii'L'serContiols'Publishmg'News'BiiihLuanpFonnPiint aspK?Uri List Process-Xcontentlintuc/Li sts/N ews&Itemn>*44 379 Accessed 30 06'2020 57 Liu Q Luo D Haase JE et al The experiences of heahh-care providers during the COVID-19 crisis in China: a qualitative study The Lmceĩ Global Health 2020;S(6);e790-e"98 58 Health AGDo Mental health for the health workforce dining COVID19 2020; btt jw:2/wv-w.healthgov.au.i^vi;‘health-alertsi»vel- CQfonaMnis-2019-ncov-tealth-alert/coronaviniS-covid-19-«id\ice- 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further by Village Health Collaborators: The informal health taskfoice of Vietnam foi COVID-19 responses J Gỉơb Health (2Q2Q) IO(1):O1O354 Epub 2020 06'09 doi: 10.7189'jogh 10.010354 PubMed PM1D: 32509285; PnbMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC7242882 form (available upon request horn the corresponding author! and declare no conflicts of interest 82 Black G Vietnam May Have the Most Effective Response to Covid-19 (2020) (05/02/2020] Available from: https:/Avww thenation.com arnc le/workl/coronavi rus-viet namquarantine-mobilization 83 Koh D Lim MK, Chia SE Ko SM Qian F Ng V et al Risk perception and impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)on work and personal Hves of healthcare workers ill Singapore: what can we learn? MediCal care (2005) 43(7):676-82 Epub 2005/06/23 doi: L0.1097A)l.mlr.(XX)0167181.36730.cc PubMedPMID: 15970782 84 BỘ Y tc Chi thị tảng cng phóng, chống va ki êm soat dịch COV1D- 19 ■ tps.7/>»c0v mơh gỡv \nA\Ểb/fỊU0st/-/68479Ì 2-156 85 Bộ y tể: Sinh viên tnrờng y "xuẩt quân" chi viện Bắc Ninh Bắc Giang chồng dịch hnps?//neor moh.fiơv.vnlweb/£uest/-/6347426-3563 SG.BỘy U‘ I lơn 1.600 sinh viên, giang viên y klioa chi ũõn Hài Dương Quang N inh dâp dich hỉtw://nco\'.mồh.feơv vnMfw6b/tuctt/-/684742& 8Z? 87 Báo nhản dân: Sinh viên Trướng Y hỗ trợ tuyển đầu chổng dịch Covid-1 Ọhtrpsrnhandan.com.vntintuc-gíaoducslDh-A-ien-truong- vho-iro-tal-tuvfn-daiichong-dlcli-covid-19-452758 88 Dang AK Le XTT Le HT Tran BX Do TTT Phan HTB et al Evidence of COVID-19 Impacts on Occupations During the First Vietnamese National Lockdowa Amato ọf global health (2020) «6(1):112 Epub 2020'09/19 doi: 10.S334tagh.2976 PUbMed PMID 32944509; PubMed Centra] PMCID: PMCPMC7473180 or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest 89 Giao H Nguyen Thi N Thi Ngoc Han N Klianh T Ngan V Tam V et al Knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19 among healthcare workers *4: at District Hospital Ho chi Minh city Aston Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine (2020) doi: 10.4103/1995-7645.280396 90 Defttj' c Hingle s Goelz E Linzer M Supporting Clinicians During the COVID-19 Pandemic Annals of internal medicine (2020) Epub 2020/03/21 doi: 10.7326'm20-1033 PubMed PMID: 32196544: PubMed Central PMC ID: PMCPMC 7106065 91 Mbachu CN, Azubirike CM, Mbachu II et al COVID-19 infection: Knowledge attitude, ptacrices and impact among healthcare workers in a South-Eastern Nigerian state Journal of infection in developing countries Sep 30 2020; 14(9):94 3-952 doi:103855'jidc 13248 92 Wenham c, Smith J, Morgan R COVID-19: the gendered impacts of the outbreak, rhe Lancet (2020) 395(l0227):846-8 doi: 10.1016'50140- 6736(20)30526-2 93 Alon TM Doepke M Olmstead-Rumsey J Tertilt M The impact of COVID-19 on gender equality National Bureau of Economic Research (2020) 0898-2937 94 Derlega VJ, Chaikin AL Norms affecting self-disclosure in men and women J Consult Ciin Psychol (1976) 44(3):3 76-80 Epub 1976/06/01 doi: I0.I037//0022-006X.44.3.376 PubMed PNÍID: 932266 95 Meng Zliang at el Influence of perceived stress and workload on work engagement in front-line nurses during COMD-19 pandemic FilSt published: 16 FeblUilry 2021 https://doi.org/10.111 l/jocn.l5?Q7 96 Van Mol M M Nijkamp M D Bakker J Schaufeli w B & Kompanje E J (2015) Counterbalancing work-related stress? Work engagement among intensive care professionals Australian Critical Care 31(4) 234 241 h ups 7'doi.org'10 lơl6'ị.aucc.2O r.05.001 97 shoja E Aghamohammad V Bazyar H et al Covid-19 effects on the workload of Iranian healthcare worker's Nov 2020;2ỡ(l):163ỗ doi: 10.1186.S12889-020-09 "43-w 98 Sadia Malik at el Fear of COVID-19 and workplace phobia among Pakistani doctors: A survey study BMC Public Health 2021: 21: 833 Published online 2021 Apr30 dot: 10.1186'$ 12889-0211 os?3-y -w ã* CN ôG APPENDIX COVID 19 SI RVEY QUESTIONNAIRE Investigation cock: _—- _ INTRODUCE Hello Sir Madam I am - the enumerator of the survey: " ■ At present, (he situation of CoVid-19 is still complicated in Vietnam requiringhigh determination to prevent its spread as quickly as possible The survey hopes to identify- perceptions of the risks, impacts and effectiveness of Co Vid-19 preventive measures, as well as health care workers' concerns Because medical staffs are a force always at the forefront of management, control and prevention of CoVid 19 outbreak The information you provide will be used to improve existingpreventive measures and address the general concerns of health care workers and is kept confidential, for research purposes only Do you agree to participate JO this survey? Yes No (stop inter-jewing) ADMINISTRATION Date of interview: / 2020 Province-City: Hospital: Name of enumerator: Name of data cleaner: Name of the data entry personnel; Numeric Answers Questions Notes 11 Order A PERSCtXAL FARTICULA RS Al Full same ãô( vô IôôIIô*ããããằãôIfr A2 Phone number ã ã ãằãããããằôãããã ã ãằ4ãããããããããôãôããããằãã ãã ãããããããããããããããããằôãã A3 Year of birth (solar ******** ■ >■•»>>•••■ ■■■ • •• calendar) A4 Gender Male AS Ethnic group Female Kinh Other (please specify): A6 Religion No religion Buddhism Christian Protestant Other religion (please specify ) A7 Marital status Single Married Divorced Separated Widowed Other (please specify:) A8 The number of children have is fOniy counting the number of children born and currently living) A9 I am presently With my family acquaintances friends TWM*M«K> *4: casing Alone in a rental room apartment Other (please specify:) A10 Academic level Primary school Secondary’ school High school Intermediate level College and university Other (specify): All Job tide Doctor Nurse Technician (laboratory technician X-ray technician, physiotherapist technician ) Pharmacist Emergency personnel Janitors Reception Administrative staff Other, specify All The area of work Accident Ẵ: Emergency General examination department Surgical department Internal medicine department Intensive care Rad io graphical services Laboratory sen ices Administrative Infection control Others specify- -w ã* CN ôG A13 The nature of my CoVid-19 Patients work involves daily Non-CoVid-19 Patients contact with Members ofthe Public Others, specify The length of my A14 yean expellence as a health cate worker AIS My current work Official status Long term full-time contract (8 hours day) Short-term full-time contract Part-time contract Other (specify); B RISK c F EXPOSURE TO COVW 19 I am exploded Bl Daily Few times a week Rarely Don't Know c IMPACT OF THE CoVid 19 OUTBREAK ON MY PERSON AL LIFE AND WORK Impact of the CoViđ 19 SiruDgK outbreak on personal life and Struogh Ihsjprr Not wie Ajrrr agjw Disagree work ever Cl I have been afraid of telling my family about the risk I am exposed to CoVid-I9 *4: Notes C2 People avoid me because of my job C3 * 5 5 5 5 5 People avoid my family members because of my job C4 I avoid telling other people about the nature of my job nowadavs • cs I fed appreciated by the hospital clinic my employer Cd I feel appreciated by society C7 The morale at work has been good C8 There are adequate staff at my workplace to handle the different demands 09 There IS more conflict amongst colleagues at work CIO I feel more stressed at work oil I have an increase in workload Cl I have to work overtime -w •* CN «G CM I have to work that normally don't s CH I won V about colleagues who share flats with nursing allied healtft staff working with CoVid-19 patients helping me overcome Slrongh Dsigrre Disagree s assistance is helpful in I [ believe the following Agm the CoVid-19 pandemic CIS Providing me with food and other necessities Cl 5.1 Aow iwt famliy Cl 5.2 Front myfriends and relatives C15.3 From my coiieag'je Cl 5.4 From the office where 5 5 5 /work C15.5 From the government C15.6 From other organizations and philanthropists C16 Providing me with adequate personal protective equipment (PPE): -w •* CN «G Strongs agree Notes Cltf Front myfamily C162 Front myfriends and 5 •»■> 5 5 relatives C16.3 Front my colleague C16.4 From the office where I work C16.5 From the government C16.6 From other OJ gam: attons and philanthropists Cl? Organizing activities to support my morale such as posting pictures of propaganda Oil social networks, composing songs to promote the aftt'rcpidcnuc spirit of CoVtd-I9, I hank you! Signature of enumerator -f- CN «G V -4: ... available on the impacts of CO1D19 on work of the healthcare workers in Vietnam So I the research natred "Impacts of Covld-19 on work or the healthcare workers and some associated factors in Hanoi In. .. years of experiences, working places and level of the hospitals they were working information regarding rhe impact of COVID19 on work of healthcare workers: identify’ the impacts of COVID-19 on. .. Ỉ.U Working conditions According to ILO working conditions are at the core of paid work and employment relationships Generally speaking, working conditions cover a broad range of tojtics and