Must dùng để diễn tả sự bắt buộc đến từ phía người nói, bày tỏ cảm xúc, ước muốn của người nói – ví dụ như ra lệnh cho mình hoặc người khác E.g.. Tôi phải cai thuốc lá You must be here[r]
(1)GRAMMAR POINTS A REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS : (Đại từ phản thân) PERSONAL POSSESSIVE REFLEXIVE PRONOUN PRONOUN (n) (adj) PRONOUN I my mine myself you your yours yourself he his his himself she her hers herself it it its itself we our ours ourselves you your yours yourselves they their theirs themselves Usage : Đại từ phản thân thường dùng để làm tân ngữ động từ chủ ngữ và tân ngữ cùng là người hay vật E.g : The children know how to look after themselves He bought himself a new car - Đại từ phản thân còn dùng làm từ nhấn mạnh cho chủ ngữ tân ngữ, mang ý nghĩa là chính người đó, vật đó Trong trường hợp này, đại từ phản thân đứng sau từ mà nó dùng để nhấn mạnh E.g : The manager herself spoke to me I’ll go and see the President himself Note : Khi nhấn mạnh, đại từ phản thân còn có thể đứng cuối câu E.g : The manager spoke to me herself By + reflexive pronoun = alone : mình E.g : He lives by himself in a very big house He lives alone in a very big house Enjoy + reflexive pronoun = have a good time E.g : They enjoyed themselves at the beach They had a good time at the beach B ADJECTIVE CLAUSES : E.g : It + be (not) + adj + to-inf It is easy to find the notice board in the hall It is not difficult to learn English C MODALS : (Động từ tình thái) – MUST, HAVE TO, OUGHT TO a Must : (cần phải, phải) (+) : S + must + verb (bare – inf) (–) : S + must not / mustn’t + V (bare – inf) (?) : Must + S + V (bare – inf) Must dùng để đưa lời khuyên lời đề nghị nhấn mạnh E.g : You must take more exercise Join the tennis club He mustn’t see that film It’s for adults only Must dùng để diễn tả bắt buộc đến từ phía người nói, bày tỏ cảm xúc, ước muốn người nói – ví dụ lệnh (cho mình người khác) E.g : I must stop smoking (Tôi phải cai thuốc lá) You must be here before eight tomorrow (Ngày mai bạn phải có mặt đây trước giờ) b Have to: (phải) (+) : S + have / has to + verb (bare – inf) (–) : S + don’t / doesn’t have to + V (bare – inf) (?) : Do + S + have to + V (bare – inf) Have to chủ yếu dùng để diễn tả bắt buộc đến từ bên ngoài (luật pháp, nội quy, thỏa thuận, lệnh từ người khác) E.g : You have to wear uniform on duty (Bạn phải mặc đồng phục làm nhiệm vụ) Their parents have gone away They have to look after the house Note : Ở thể phủ định, must not và don’t / doesn’t have to hoàn toàn khác : Mustn’t (không được) : diễn tả cấm đoán Do (does) not have to (không phải) : diễn tả không cần thiết c Ought to : (nên) lời khuyên lời đề nghị E.g : You ought to drive more carefully (Bạn nên lái xe cẩn thận hơn) What time ought I to arrive ? (Tôi nên đến lúc ?) EXERCISES I II Use the correct reflexive pronouns : Robert made this T-shirt Liza did the homework We helped to some cola at the party Sara, did you write the poem He cut with a knife while he was peeling the onions The lion can defend My mother often talks to in the kitchen John and Alan, if you want some more milk, help I caught sight of in the mirror 10 The students were so noisy Even Nancy and Leila were making a lot of noises 11 Both boys taught to swim 12 The children are amusing with the small cat 13 Did you enjoy at the party ? 14 The children are not old enough to dress 15 The little girl hurt while she was cycling on her bicycle Complete these sentences, using a reflexive pronoun and one of the verbs given in the box : cut enjoy take care of turn help hide pay control When peeling the onion, Nam _ badly The little dog was very frightened It _ under the bed I have got some money after the promotion I can The heating on at night Don’t worry about us, Mom We know how to _ “Can we have some more cookies”, asked the children to their father “Sure” the father replied “Don’t get angry, .” Mrs Hong said to her daughter The children _ at the party last night You _ tell lies Students cheat when they are in examination A person so much money to have a happy life You as well as your brother _ with matches III Complete these sentences with “mustn’t, doesn’t / don’t have to” : (2) 10 IV I’ve already finished my homework, so I _ study late tonight I forget to take my pens and pencils with me You _ introduce me to her I’ve already known her Drivers drive very fast in the city center You go to the concert if you don’t want to In order to be a good student, you be so untidy and lazy Rewrite these sentences, using adjective clauses : Learning Japanese is difficult Making friends is not easy Seeing a detective movie is interesting Helping other people is necessary To write that letter is easy To meet him at the time of the day is difficult To meet you again after my honeymoon holiday is very pleasant To all of these exercises in an hour is impossible To swim in the sea in the summer morning is exciting PRACTICE EXERCISES I 10 II 10 III Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others : A feed B clean C sweep D head A floor B four C room D door A sink B knife C fire D rice A house B couch C ought D counter A candy B fry C many D happy A lamp B pan C match D table A about B outside C cousin D countless A bread B steamer C bead D meet A injure B knife C picture D sink A chemical B chores C reach D match Choose the word which is stressed differently from the others : A beneath B scissors C wardrobe D coverage A cooker B folder C destroy D injure A frying B towel C socket D include A chemical B precaution C electrician D destruction A remember B dangerous C vegetable D opposite A tonight B dinner C sorry D problem A saucepan B steamer C beside D object A lighting B refrigerator C fixture D safety A destroy B remember C forget D injured A chemical B medicine C calendar D precautionary Choose the best answer : Young children not understand that many _ objects are dangerous A home B house C homework D household They put the _ on the floor, between the armchair and the couch A picture B shelf C cushion D rug The woman _ the floor of the office three times a day A destroys B injures C sweeps D feeds It’s very easy to find my school It’s _ the ACB Bank A under B opposite C next D between The children are old enough to look after A himself B herself C themselves D ourselves Don’t let your children play with that ballpoint pen It can _ him A injure B dust C destroy D damage Children may eat drugs because they look like _ A sweets B candies C cakes D both A and B Everybody _ follow traffic law A can B will C have to D must Be careful, the pan is very hot Don’t _ A burn yourself B wash yourself C dry yourself D cut yourself 10 It isn’t to leave the medicines around the house A safe B hard C dangerous D interesting 11 Scissors, knives and small objects are things for children A dangerous B curious C destructive D marvelous 12 Did you copy Lan’s answer ? - No, I did it A myself B yourself C yourselves D themselves (3) 13 is a large piece of furniture where you can hang your clothes A Refrigerator B Wardrobe C Desk D Armchair 14 We eat much sugar and seasoning powder A mustn’t B can’t C don’t have to D oughtn’t to 15 Mother, I can’t this exercise _ me ? A Do you help B Will you help C Are you going to help D Are you helping IV Choose the word or phrase that needs correcting : I can stay (A) in bed tomorrow morning (B) because I (C) haven’t to go (D) to work The students ought (A) to learn their (B) lessons (C) careful before (D) the exams (A) Don’t worry (B) so much The children can (C) look after (D) themself You (A) must not let children (B) play in the kitchen (C) because it is a (D) dangerous place (A) Let’s (B) putting the armchair (C) opposite the couch (D) in the living room It (A) takes me two hours (B) to all the (C) household (D) chore every day Please (A) put the doll (B) on the shelf, (C) among the flower vase (D) and the lamp You (A) don’t have to (B) drive faster (C) than 60 mph or you (D) might get a ticket Why (A) we have to put all (B) dangerous objects (C) out of (D) children’s reach 10 Do you like (A) working with other people (B) or you prefer (C) working (D) yourself ? V Use the correct preposition : in, on, at, after, under, between, beside, among, out of, above, beneath There is a bus station the end of Hang Buom Street Keep these medicines the children’s reach I lost my keys somewhere _ the car and the house Come _ and sit your sister D comes C in the alphabet The boat sank _ the waves Don’t shelter _ the trees when it is raining Please put the books _ the bookshelf _ the desk I often feel very nervous when I am _ strangers 10 Children must attend school _ the age of and 16 VI Use the correct tense or form of the verb in parentheses : Although I have a car, I prefer (travel) _by train, especially if I have to (make) a long journey As the train (travel) at full speed through the countryside, I can (relax) , (drink) _ coffee, read a book, or just (look) out of the window, sometimes the movement of the train (keep) _ me asleep, something you couldn’t while (drive) a car The trouble (be) _ that I hate (wait) in cold stations, and I get angry when I have to (waste) time on (look) _ for a taxi or a bus at the (begin) or the end of my journey He must (cover) _ electrical sockets for safety of the children The children always try (put) _ something in the holes It only takes one match (cause) a fire Most of the children (not enjoy) reading books today Her parents let her (go out) _ with her friends every day (walk) is a fun, easy and inexpensive activity Lazlo Biro (invent) _ the ballpoint pen in the 19 th century Telephone me this evening I _ home (be) 10 Mr Hung (teach) _ class 8A5 Literature now VII Use the correct form of the word in parentheses : It’s a _ (MARVEL) idea for the children to some cooking at an early age Generally _ (SPEAK), most children can’t wait to be in the kitchen and love getting involved in the (PREPARE) of their meals They should be _ (COURAGE) to so It’s _ (IMPORTANCE) to show them how to things _ (CORRECT) but they should not be criticized too much Although the finished result may not be quite to your (LIKE), the young (COOK) will undoubtedly find it quite the (TASTE) food he or she has ever eaten Kitchens can, of course, be _ (DANGER) places and so that absolute _ (IMPORTANT) of keeping an eye on the children at all times cannot be emphasized too heavily Sharp knives, for example, should be avoided until the children are old enough to handle them (SAFE) You must put all chemicals in _ cupboard so that children can’t them (LOCK) Don’t leave the light on It wastes (ELECTRIC) The of atom bomb is very terrible (DESTROY) The river is very _ for swimmers, especially young children (DANGER) Those thick clothes seem to be _ for hot weather (SUIT) Most teenagers like to take part in service (COMMUNUAL) She is always _ about the _ of her family (WORRY / SAFE) Mary steamed a fish in a (STEAM) 10 Ask an for advice on how to repair the water pipes (ELECTRIC) VIII Read these following passages and choose the best answer : (1) Precaution for Older Person You _ (2) clean up spills quickly You should not climb on chairs or furniture You must have a smoke alarm (3) _ each floor and test them (4) You must take (5) appliances into the bathroom, and never touch electrical appliances (6) wet hands You must not put plants or a vase of flowers on a television set or other electrical (7) You (8) smoke in bed (4) You must not take other people’s medicine or let others take yours A safe B safer C safety D safely A should B ought to C need D A & B A in B at C on D to A monthly B every month C months D A & B A electrical B electrically C electricity D electrician A by B with C use D using A devices B objects C appliances D A & C A must not B need not to C don’t have to D A & B IX Read these following passages and decide if the following statements are TRUE or FALSE : In the home, you must keep matches, lighters and candles out of children’s reach You must have a smoke detector on each floor, and test them monthly In the kitchen, you must keep sharp knives, scissors, hot meals and drinks out of children’s reach You must keep the children out of the kitchen during cooking In the bathroom, you must check the bath water temperature before children get in, and always run the cold water first before adding hot water In the bedroom, you must keep the furniture away from the windows to make sure children not climb up and fall out of open windows The best title of the passage should be “Safety Precautions for Older Persons” Matches, lighters and candles can cause a fire It is safe to put furniture near the window You must check the bath water temperature before children get in HOA’S BEDROOM This is Hoa’s bedroom There is a desk on the left of the room On the desk there are many folders, and above the desk there is a bookshelf There is a bed near the desk On the right side of the room, there is a window There is a wardrobe beside the window The wardrobe is opposite the desk The passage is about Hoa’s bedroom There is a bookshelf beside the desk The window is on the right of the room The desk is in front of the wardrobe X Fill in each blank of the passages with ONE suitable word : We moved into our new house (1) _ a warm September day It was not really a new house : it was a hundred and four years (2) _, but it was new to us The house had running (3) , gas and electricity, but for (4) reason there was no electric light in the kitchen We had not noticed this shortage (5) _ we had first looked over the house It was something quite unexpected : a house with electricity but (6) a kitchen light It was especially puzzling because our (7) _ was a large room, perhaps (8) largest in the house I telephoned for an (9) _ who came and fixed it for us And he charged £85 for (10) _ the job XI Rewrite each of these sentences keeping the meaning unchanged : How carefully he drives ! What Driving too fast is dangerous It We can fix a washing machine without the help of the repairman We can We climbed the Chau Thoi Mountain in four hours It took He missed the bus He got up late Because Nobody helps her all of the housework She does He is lazy, so he can’t get good marks He isn’t They plan to invite her to come over for dinner tonight They are going I enjoyed myself at the party last night I had 10 The children liked to swim in the rain The children enjoyed (5)