Tài liệu Mastering Revit Architecture 2008_ Part 16 ppt

Chapter 16 Developing the Design with Smart Workflows In this chapter, we will explore scenarios in which building elements repeat, and you’ll learn how to take advantage of some tools in Revit to help your workflow be more efficient and less prone to error. Groups and Links are tools in Revit specifically designed to support such workflows and allow for design and propagation of repetitive entities that can range from entire buildings, to indi- vidual rooms, and even to furniture arrangements. Both of these tools require an understanding of some basic principles that will help you make decisions about when and where to engage these features in a design. We will introduce the con- cept behind each tool and present a series of use cases in which groups or links provide a useful solution to a design problem. Here’s what you’ll learn in this chapter: ◆ Gain understanding of the principles of groups ◆ Understand workflows where groups can be used ◆ Gain understanding of the principles of links ◆ Understand workflows where links are best applied Working with Repetitive Elements Many architectural projects deal with the design and organization of repetitive elements. The con- cept of a modular unit that is repeatable has been one of the more important experiments of modern architecture and continues today in the form of housing, hospitals, schools, and office buildings. A repetitive element can be found at nearly every scale: from repeating buildings to housing units, repeating hotel rooms, classrooms, hospital rooms to bathrooms, closets, and furniture layout. In each case, the basic requirement is to group a collection of elements that is repeatable so that later in the process any change to the module will be propagated to all the other instances (copies) of the module. This propagation results in huge time savings, as you don’t have to manually update the model, element by element. This also guarantees consistency, and less red-lines to pick up as doc- uments are reviewed. At the same time, there needs to be some flexibility built into the tool to account for edge conditions (where the repetitive unit needs to stray away from base) without breaking its relationship to the essential nature of the module. Revit is remarkably well suited to support a diverse set of design requirements. 44831.book Page 515 Friday, October 12, 2007 12:31 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. 516 CHAPTER 16 DEVELOPING THE DESIGN WITH SMART WORKFLOWS Groups Groups will significantly improve your workflow when you are working with collections of elements that need to be repeated throughout a project. When a collection of related elements are made into a group , it becomes possible to manage and change any single instance of the group and then have the changes propagate throughout the entire model—all in one interaction. It is also possible to execute a change on one group instance only and not have that change propagate; as you will see, Revit was designed to be flexible. Revit Architecture 2008 introduced significant improvements to groups, making them an excel- lent solution when working with projects with many repetitive design elements. You can group ele- ments in a project or even inside a family and use them to quickly lay out entire floor plans. You can also save groups and reuse them in other projects, making them quite versatile. As we’ve discussed previously, Revit categorization is intelligent—objects know what they are and in what views they are visible. This directly impacts how groups are created and organized. For example, model elements (walls, floors, furniture, etc.) are grouped as model groups , and 2D, view-specific elements (dimensions, annotations, etc.), are grouped as detail groups . There is also a hybrid category called attached detail groups , which relates grouped details to a specific model group. If you create a group that contains both types of elements (model + annotations), Revit will automatically store this group as a model group with an attached detail group for the view-specific information. Keeping tags and keynotes associated with a model element in a group would be an example of this. That said, there are certain conditions where information cannot be attached within a group. For example, if a dimension between two walls is added to a group but only one of the walls is in the group, Revit would not be able to attach the dimension. The reason behind this is sim- ple: when new instances of the group are placed, where should the dimension go in the absence of the original, ungrouped wall? Remember, dimensions, tags, and keynotes are referencing real model elements and cannot exist without their references (hosts). Some other important features that were addressed in Revit Architecture 2008 have to do with modifying the origin of the group, and some great enhancements have been made to group editing, which have improved the usability and the workflow of working with groups tremendously. Using Groups for Repetitive Rooms Most architectural firms have projects where repetitive units are used throughout the design. In our first example, we will work on a day care center for children with cancer project (Figure 16.1). The design calls for many typical bedrooms, most of which will be the same size and have the same accommodations (beds, bathrooms, furniture). The ability to design, iterate, and manage all these bedrooms will be a major part of the project, which also needs to be easy to maintain, schedule, and update. We will work with groups to solve this design challenge and then later look at the same issue from the vantage point of using links and compare the differences. As you will see, each method will lead to different results. 44831.book Page 516 Friday, October 12, 2007 12:31 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. GROUPS 517 Figure 16.1 Repetitive elements sample model. Model Courtesy of Felipe Manriquez, Univer- sidad de Las Americas. Creating and Managing Groups As soon as the building design is roughly oriented on the site and you start laying out the modules inside the project, you can immediately take advantage of group functionality by defining the basic room unit(s) that will repeat. Later, you can build more content in one instance of the group, which then populates into other instances of the group placed in the project. Early on, you work with walls and rooms to begin creating reliable area schedules in order to see how the design is stacking up against program requirements. You’d also like to take full advantage of the BIM by keeping all information centralized in one file. Using links (external file references), you would not get these benefits. Creating and Placing Repetitive Units Using Groups Let’s step through a workflow using groups to lay out bedroom units. 1. Open the Model_groups_01.rvt file from the book’s website ( www.sybex.com/go/ masteringrevit2008 ). The project should open with the plan view shown in Figure 16.2. Figure 16.2 Floor plan showing just the exterior skin and core—interior has not yet been designed 44831.book Page 517 Friday, October 12, 2007 12:31 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. 518 CHAPTER 16 DEVELOPING THE DESIGN WITH SMART WORKFLOWS 2. Create a room and add a door as shown in Figure 16.3. Select the front wall with the door and one perpendicular wall and make a group by clicking the Group button in the toolbar at the top of the screen. When creating the group, we only chose one of the perpendicular walls (the one on the right side) because we will repeat the module along the length of the space. If you added both per- pendicular walls to the group, you would end up with overlapping walls as the unit is copied along the length of the building. This would result in lots of warning messages to deal with. Not taking these warnings into account would later affect the scheduling of walls, so you need to be smart about how groups are made. 3. Once the Group tool is activated, you’ll be asked to name the group. As soon as this task is finished, the new group will appear in the Project Browser under Groups  Model Node. The group is listed as a model group because all elements we selected to become a part of the group were model elements. 4. Before making any changes to the group, take a look at a symbol showing the group origin (Figure 16.4). Figure 16.3 Model group created out of the elements of the first room you created Figure 16.4 (Left) Group Origin default location. (Right) Origin moved to new location. Do not include this wall in group 44831.book Page 518 Friday, October 12, 2007 12:31 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. GROUPS 519 The group origin symbol (insertion point) is placed at the middle of group geometry by default—but you can change it to what you feel will be the most appropriate and practical point of insertion when you pick the group to reuse and place again in the project. Move the origin to the intersection of two walls, which will help when placing new instances of the group. To do so, simply place the mouse over the crossing of x and y and drag it to a new position or use the Move tool. There are many possible ways to proceed in the group placement process, one being to insert more instances of this group along this wing of the building using the Copy Multiple Instances or the Array tool. An alternate approach is to use the Project Browser and drag and drop the group instances into the view (Figure 16.5). Figure 16.5 The group can be placed from the Project Browser. 1. For this exercise, let’s try the drag and drop from the Project Browser approach and place new instances of the group in the floor plan (you can place groups in 3D views as well, but the common use case is in plan). Once you drag the group from the Project Browser into the view, release the button and take your time zooming in to the insertion point in order to get the correct snap without stressing out your hand. After choosing the insertion point, you’ll see that the walls belonging to the group clean up with other walls that do not belong to the group. This is perhaps the most profound difference in behavior between groups and links, which we’ll get into a bit later, but essentially, linked ele- ments cannot interact with elements in the model they are linked to: walls belonging to a group will clean up with walls from the main model, while walls from a linked model will not. 2. Continue to place groups, until you arrive at a more developed floor plan (Figure 16.6). Figure 16.6 More groups added to the floor plan 44831.book Page 519 Friday, October 12, 2007 12:31 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. 520 CHAPTER 16 DEVELOPING THE DESIGN WITH SMART WORKFLOWS 3. With the basic unit established, you can start adding more complexity and really see the power of groups. Because all the groups are instances of the original model group, any changes to this group will affect the others. Select any one of the groups in the floor plan, and take a look at the Options bar. 4. To change a group during the process of design, you will select the Edit Group option. This will take you to the Group Edit mode, where a new floating toolbar will appear. The screen will turn a washed-out yellow, indicating that you are now in a special Group Edit mode (Figure 16.7). The Group Editor in 2008 has some significant enhancements when compared to previous ver- sions of Revit; namely, the ability to add/create new elements in a group on the fly. This happens in the Group Edit mode and is facilitated by the introduction of the floating toolbar. Figure 16.7 The Group Edit Mode is indicated with a pale yellow coloring of the drawing area, indicating the special mode. The floating group editing bar offers group specific tools. The need to change the design is quite common throughout the lifecycle of a project, where the process is such that ideas evolve over time and are not complete with the first iteration. In pre- vious versions of Revit, working with groups did not support a seamless creation workflow where you could place new elements into the group on-the-fly. Now, however, you can make changes and add new elements to a group while in Group Edit mode seamlessly and at any point of the design process. You can now access the modeling commands while editing the group (in 44831.book Page 520 Friday, October 12, 2007 12:31 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. GROUPS 521 previous versions, all the modeling tools became disabled as soon as you entered Group Edit mode). If you need a new component added to the group, it’s just a matter of creating it while in Group Edit mode. The Group Edit toolbar provides the following features: Add to Group This allows you to add any element from the project as the current objects in the group. Remove from Group This allows you to remove elements from the group. Attach Detail This allows you to add view-specific annotations, which will become attached details and will be displayed as a subcategory of the model group in the Project Browser. Group Properties This provides access to the Group Properties dialog, where you can edit the group’s name. The level the Group is attached to and its offset from that level are presented but not editable. While in Group Edit mode, move the door to other side of room. When you click Finish, all the other group instances update with the new door location (Figure 16.8). Figure 16.8 Editing one group propagates changes to all other instances of the group. At this stage, you can generate an area report to check the requirements, and the design can con- tinue to evolve. We will now add the bathroom and some furniture. Both of these will expand on the concept of groups by making new groups and nesting them inside of the unit group. We will also add some details (dimensioning) to create an attached detail group. Then, to conclude, we are going to explore alternatives in the room’s layout. Adding Rooms to a Group The next step involves adding rooms so that you can schedule the room units by areas or by room type. 1. Select the unit group, and then click Edit Group in the Options bar. Once in Group Edit mode, use the Room tool to place the room. It will automatically be added to the group (Figure 16.9). 44831.book Page 521 Friday, October 12, 2007 12:31 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. 522 CHAPTER 16 DEVELOPING THE DESIGN WITH SMART WORKFLOWS Figure 16.9 While in Group Edit mode, place a room. 2. Click the Finish button on the Group toolbar to finish the change to this group and populate the change into all other instances of this group. 3. To verify that the rooms now exist, tag them as shown in Figure 16.10. Note that when updating a group with a room and room tag, only the room gets propagated but not the tag. You will still need to tag the rooms. 4. To see how many rooms you have, and their areas, create a room schedule that includes name, number, and area (Figure 16.11). This can be useful for making decisions about the composition of a floor plan and seeing if you are meeting program requirements as you make changes to the design. Figure 16.10 Tag the rooms. Figure 16.11 Room schedule showing areas 44831.book Page 522 Friday, October 12, 2007 12:31 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. GROUPS 523 Nesting a Group into Another Group Often, repetitive units can be a part of other repetitive units. For example, a typical bathroom unit will repeat throughout many typical hotel rooms. To support this in an intelligent way, Revit offers a methodology of nesting a group into a group so that the intelligence of the unit is maintained. The bedroom group we just created can be completed with the addition of a bathroom group and fur- niture group that can be nested in it. The nested group/s will appear in the Project Browser as a subnode of its host group in the Project Browser. We will follow a natural workflow and start designing the bathroom by adding walls and plumb- ing fixtures. As these elements will need to repeat in many bedroom units, we will make a bathroom group by selecting the new walls and plumbing fixtures (Figure16.12). You’ll notice that walls in groups clean up with walls outside of the group, making the grouped wall interaction with walls out- side of the group seamless. Figure 16.12 Build out the bath- room with walls and fixtures; then group them as new group. To add the bathroom group that you just created to the bedroom unit group, select the group, click Edit Group, and use the Add To Group button (at the far left of the floating toolbar). By select- ing the bathroom group, you have added it as a nested group in the Bedroom unit group. You will notice that a new entry will appear in the Project Browser under the Bedroom Unitnode. Finish the Group Edit mode by clicking on the Finish button on the floating toolbar and the bath- room will be propagated to all other instances of the Group (Figure 16.13). 44831.book Page 523 Friday, October 12, 2007 12:31 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. 524 CHAPTER 16 DEVELOPING THE DESIGN WITH SMART WORKFLOWS Figure 16.13 All the instances of the group are updated. Adding Detail Elements to Groups Now that the unit is more or less complete, you can start adding some annotations and dimensions to the plan in order to better communicate the design. Begin by dimensioning and adding text or tags in one of the units. To repeat the dimensions in other units, you can again take advantage of group functionality. With the unit group selected, click Edit Group, and then add your dimensions to the group using the Add To Group button. Because the dimensions are not model elements, you will be prompted to make a new detail group. This will be attached to the unit group as an attached detail group. Once you have a detail group, you can attach it to other instances of the group with relative ease. To do so, select a group and then use the Options bar to attach the detail group. The details will be added to the group (Figure 16.14). Figure 16.14 Details can be attached to group instances. 44831.book Page 524 Friday, October 12, 2007 12:31 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. [...]... miscommunication, and colliding systems that ended up being resolved on-site during construction at tremendous cost The Revit BIM platform provides transparent connections between Revit Architecture, Revit Structure, and Revit MEP In fact, you can open a Revit MEP or Structure file in Revit Architecture because they are all based on the same technology The only difference will be the available tools; with... Once you do that, it will propagate to all the other units, as shown in Figure 16. 16 Figure 16. 15 The Load File as Group option Figure 16. 16 Furniture group nested into the room group Making Variations to a Group Instance In just a few steps, you’ve developed quite a complex structure with extreme flexibility Not only can Revit manage model and detail groups, it can also work with different levels of... understand (Figure 16. 29) Is the information contained in the link going to a new file, or will it be added to an existing file? In this particular case, we are creating a new file, so Revit will automatically create a new file in the folder of the project (by default) and replaces the group with a link in the exact same place (Figure 16. 30) The process does not involve any user action at all apart from selecting... remove this watermark 44831.book Page 527 Friday, October 12, 2007 12:31 AM GROUPS Figure 16. 18 Groups before changing types Figure 16. 19 Groups after changing type Figure 16. 20 Schedules update as groups are swapped in and out There are some other options you need to be aware of to understand the full potential of Revit groups Let’s consider a practical example What would happen if we need just one of... group, which we have called Complete Level Group (Figure 16. 23) The result of this action is represented in the Project Browser, seen in Figure 16. 24 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark 44831.book Page 529 Friday, October 12, 2007 12:31 AM GROUPS Figure 16. 23 A master group for the entire floor layout Figure 16. 24 Complete level group With the entire collection... is needed, Revit provides tools that can Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark 525 44831.book Page 526 Friday, October 12, 2007 12:31 AM 526 CHAPTER 16 DEVELOPING THE DESIGN WITH SMART WORKFLOWS facilitate a smart workflow By right-clicking on the group’s name in the Project Browser, you’ll get a better picture of the possibilities (Figure 16. 17) Figure 16. 17 The... You can then swap entire groups just as you would any other component in Revit (Figures 16. 18 and 16. 19) With just a few clicks, you can explore design variations and propagate changes quickly and reliably If you create a furniture schedule, you will be able to see easily how the changes to the design affect the quantities (Figure 16. 20) Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this... different disciplines in Revit provides better coordination and even allows for collision detection This toolset will not be covered now, but you should be aware that it is all possible in Revit using what are called Copy/Monitor and Interference Checking For further reading on these subjects, consult the Revit help documentation Linking Files To link a RVT file, choose File Import/Link Revit The dialog involves... in terms of how to position the linked model in a project and which worksets to open (Figure 16. 32) Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark 535 44831.book Page 536 Friday, October 12, 2007 12:31 AM 536 CHAPTER 16 DEVELOPING THE DESIGN WITH SMART WORKFLOWS Figure 16. 32 The Revit Add Link dialog The positioning defines the location of the linked model inside the project... a group to see the exclude icon (Figure 16. 21) Clicking the icon will exclude the element, and it will no longer be counted in the schedule (Figure 16. 22) You can always add the element back to the group by right-clicking and choosing Restore All Excluded or clicking the icon again Note that the icon will only show up when you are not in group edit mode Figure 16. 21 The exclude icon appears when you . website ( www.sybex.com/go/ masteringrevit2008 ). The project should open with the plan view shown in Figure 16. 2. Figure 16. 2 Floor plan showing just. gate to all the other units, as shown in Figure 16. 16. Figure 16. 15 The Load File as Group option Figure 16. 16 Furniture group nested into the room group