Tài liệu Mastering Revit Architecture 2008_ Part 18 pptx

Chapter 18 Advanced Detailing Techniques Chapter 17 covered the transition from design to construction documentation. In this chapter, you will continue building your skills and learn some additional techniques for more detailed construc- tion documentation. As your project experience grows, your library and detailing capacity within Revit will grow with it. This chapter is dedicated to tools and functionality that you can employ after you become comfortable with creating details in Revit. By building your library and knowl- edge of detailing workflows, you can cut down the time you spend detailing, leaving more time for design. You will acquire the following skills: ◆ Create 3D details ◆ Add detail components to 3D families ◆ Export details for use in other Revit projects Creating 3D Details As building designs become more and more complex and the construction industry continues to specialize its assembly methods, it has become imperative that information be communicated effec- tively between designer and contractor. A technique for showing construction assemblies that goes way back in the history of architectural representation is the use of 3D detail drawings (Figure 18.1) that show a sectional cut through the building in a 3D format (axon or perspective). This type of drawing has been used to convey detail and constructability information rather than create a mul- titude of abstract sections and elevations. In recent years, this documentation technique has fallen into disuse because it has been difficult or time consuming to re-create such axonometric details in a 2D CAD-based environment. With Revit’s 3D modeling capabilities, it is easy to create such 3D details. By using the 3D views and orienting to other views , you can quickly generate 3D views that focus on a construction condi- tion. These can be for constructability or to demonstrate critical building concepts. Figure 18.2 shows a detail of a sustainable solution employed on the Foundation project. In this sectional axon, we are able to demonstrate many of the green building concepts simultaneously while also show- ing dimensional depths of both sun-shading systems. Creating this kind of 3D detail in Revit is quick and easy to learn. There are two methods you can use: ◆ Turning on the Section Box tool, and then adjusting the section box to focus on your detail ◆ Orienting a 3D view to an existing view, which in turn enables a section box for the view 44831c18.fm Page 581 Friday, October 12, 2007 9:08 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. 582 CHAPTER 18 ADVANCED DETAILING TECHNIQUES Figure 18.1 Hand-drawn perspective detail 44831c18.fm Page 582 Friday, October 12, 2007 9:08 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. CREATING 3D DETAILS 583 Figure 18.2 Sectional axon showing details of sun-shading solution Enabling a Section Box in 3D View Take the following steps to enable the Section Box tool in a 3D view. 1. Start by creating or opening a 3D axon of the building. If there is not one created, click the Default 3D View button in the toolbar at the top of the screen. Make sure to name your view something unique. 2. Open View Properties and enable the Section Box parameter. A large section box that sur- rounds the entire model will appear in the view. This is a 3D clipping box that will cut the model from six directions. 3. By clicking and dragging the blue arrows, you reduce the size of the box to be more precise (Figure 18.3). Manipulating a section box can take a bit of trial and error, regardless of your experience with Revit. Later in this chapter, we’ll discuss some ways to make this quicker and more accurate. Figure 18.3 Use the blue arrows to size the section box 44831c18.fm Page 583 Friday, October 12, 2007 9:08 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. 584 CHAPTER 18 ADVANCED DETAILING TECHNIQUES The Second Technique: Orienting to View An alternative for creating a 3D detail is to orient the 3D view to an existing view. Do this by first creating a detail callout in a wall section (Figure 18.4). By selecting the callout and editing its prop- erties, you can give it a recognizable name, such as Sunshade Detail. Having a recognizable name will be important because the number of details in a project can become quite large. Figure 18.4 Creating a callout detail in section 1. Open the default (3D) view and choose View  Orient  To Other View, and select our Sunshade Detail from the list (Figure 18.5). Figure 18.5 Selecting a view from View  Orient  To Other View 2. Once you click OK, the view will reorient and appear as a section—just like the detail callout. However, this is a 3D view. By orbiting the view (using either the Dynamically Modify View button or combining Shift and the middle mouse button), you’ll be able to visualize the sectional detail in 3D (Figure 18.6). 44831c18.fm Page 584 Friday, October 12, 2007 9:08 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. CREATING 3D DETAILS 585 Figure 18.6 Top: Oriented To Other View detail looks like a flat section; Bottom: the rotated (orbited) view reveals a 3D detail The crop boundaries of the 3D detail correlate to the boundaries of the callout, so there is no need to alter the section box. The depth of the section box in this view will be defined by the depth of the view you have used to orient. You can of course edit the section box using the grip controls. To hide the section box lines but keep it cutting the model, select it and choose Hide element in view from the context menu. Adding Annotations to the 3D Detail To add dimensions to a 3D view, first define the work plane the dimensions will appear on, as they can not “float” in free space and need a workplane to be drawn on. (See Chapter 6 for more on work planes.) We are showing our dimensions at Level 3 in the view. Click the Work Plane button on the toolbar and select Level 3 from the drop-down menu. Using the work plane visibility toggle, you’ll be able to see what plane the dimensions will be created on, as shown in Figure 18.7. Dimensioning along this plane will be very similar to dimensioning in any plan view. By selecting parallel ele- ments, we can apply the necessary dimensions. You can then begin to add notes. Note that in a 3D view, you can add text and dimensions but not keynotes or tags. Also, be careful not to rotate the axon after you apply your notes. Text is placed perpendicular to the view you have created, and rotating the view will make the text difficult to read. 44831c18.fm Page 585 Friday, October 12, 2007 9:08 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. 586 CHAPTER 18 ADVANCED DETAILING TECHNIQUES Figure 18.7 Setting and visualizing the work plane in a 3-D view By turning on the shadows in the view, you’ll be able to give the view a better sense of depth, as shown in Figure 18.2 earlier. Be sure the ground plane is enabled in the Sun And Shadows Settings dialog for the view. A good choice is either Sun From Top Right or Sun From Top Left. See Chapter 12 for more detail on presentation techniques. Embedding Details within Families In the previous chapter, we investigated how to add levels of detail to a detail component by cre- ating one detail out of a number of separate components, making it easier to replicate a detail con- dition across various project views. Again, this idea of “drawing it once” is a core theory in Revit. Combining these principles, we can extend this information into family creation, allowing you to turn details on or off within a family depending on a view’s Level Of Detail setting. When we explored the notion of the view detail earlier, we mentioned the ability to show dif- ferent levels of detail at Coarse, Medium, and Fine settings. Combining this with detail compo- nents, we can embed details for typical conditions directly within the families themselves. Figure 18.8 shows the same window family in coarse, medium, and fine views. All of the detail has been added to the family itself, and the detail is activated by switching between View Detail set- tings. Note that the Fine detail level in this series shows the actual CAD detail from the manufac- turer’s website and is not modeled in detail in 3D. Modeling this in 3D would be a huge performance killer. Because we have created this as part of the window family, this highly detailed information will be displayed each time we cut a window in section, regardless of where the win- dow is placed in the model. Building this type of window family is not complicated, but it does require a bit of knowledge about how a family is created and assembled. For our purposes, we are going to assume that the window family has been created correctly and we are simply trying to apply more detail to the win- dow itself so that it displays much more detailed information in fine view. Since we have already created the sill condition, we will now focus on creating the head detail. Start by locating the family within the project using the Project Browser. Select it and choose Edit Family from the context menu. In the Family Editor, open a section view (or if there is no section view, create a new one). The sectional view of the window family head looks like Figure 18.9. 44831c18.fm Page 586 Friday, October 12, 2007 9:08 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. EMBEDDING DETAILS WITHIN FAMILIES 587 Figure 18.8 The same awning window shown in (A) coarse, (B) medium, and (C) fine view Figure 18.9 Sectional view of the window family head In Chapter 17, we discussed how to insert default Revit detail components. For the blocking above the window head, we can load a detail component from the Revit default library. 1. Navigate to File  Load from Library  Load Family. Then, once the browsing window opens, you will need to follow the path Detail Components  Div 06-Wood and Plastic  06100-Rough Carpentry  06110-Wood Framing and choose Nominal Cut Lumber- Section.rfa . 2. Insert this component 1 1 ⁄ 4 ˝ from the exterior face of the wall. This will ensure that it ends up in the right location relative to the wall it will be inserted into. If this window was going to be inserted into a variety of wall types, you could make the 1 1 ⁄ 4 ˝ dimension a parametric fam- ily parameter. 3. Once this is inserted, lock it to the reference plane that is at the window head. This will ensure that as window sizes are changed, the blocking moves as well. AB C 44831c18.fm Page 587 Friday, October 12, 2007 9:08 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. 588 CHAPTER 18 ADVANCED DETAILING TECHNIQUES 4. If we also know, based on the window type, that the blocking needs to always be set 1 1 ⁄ 4 ˝ from the front face of the wall, we can add a constraint there as well. Add a dimension to the left edge of the blocking and the left edge of the wall and lock it into place (Figure 18.10). Figure 18.10 Adding a dimension and locking it into place 5. We want to create a new detail for the window head showing an added level of detail at the head condition. For this, we’ve downloaded the manufacturer’s standard CAD detail and we want to incorporate it into our window. To begin with, you need to create a new detail component using this CAD detail. Choose File  New  Family and choose Detail Compo- nent to open the Family Editor. 6. To import our CAD detail, follow the steps we discussed in the previous chapter. Choosing File  Import/Link  CAD Formats will bring up the dialog to insert the CAD detail. This time, you’ll want to choose slightly different options than we did last time. Accept the defaults for all but the following: ◆ Select the “Black and white button” in the Layer/Level Colors area. ◆ In the Import or Link area, change the Layers setting to Select (we want to pick the layers we will import). The dialog will look like Figure 18.11. Click Open. 7. A dialog similar to Figure 18.12 opens, asking you to choose the correct layers to import. Hatch is something we do not need, and typically, manufacturers are fairly good about keeping their layer management for CAD details simple and easy to understand. We want to deselect any layers that reference Hatch. Simply uncheck the box and click OK. 8. With the detail inserted, position it using the reference planes in the detail component. While you can reposition things within the Revit families fairly easily, these reference planes provide invisible lines to snap to when you import the component into the model. Because the top of the head and the face of the glass are key to this detail, use those to place the imported file, as shown in Figure 18.13. 44831c18.fm Page 588 Friday, October 12, 2007 9:08 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. EMBEDDING DETAILS WITHIN FAMILIES 589 Figure 18.11 Importing CAD detail into a detail component Figure 18.12 Selecting layers to import Figure 18.13 Aligning the reference planes 44831c18.fm Page 589 Friday, October 12, 2007 9:08 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. 590 CHAPTER 18 ADVANCED DETAILING TECHNIQUES 9. We are nearly done with this component. Because this detail has such a simple construction (very few lines) and we have removed the hatch, we are going to explode the detail. Select the detail and click the Full Explode button on the Options bar. This will convert the detail into Revit detail lines and allow you to modify some of the line weights and the detail geom- etry to better fit the family. 10. With the detail exploded, you can now remove the glazing, which is only partially drawn. We have modeled glazing in the family itself, so including it in the detail as well is a bit redundant. Select the lines shown in Figure 18.14 and delete them. Figure 18.14 Select the lines for the glazing and delete them. 11. The last thing we need to do before we save the model is change the line weights. Select all of the lines in the detail by creating a selection box around them, and while they are selected, choose Detail Items from the Type Selector. We could keep all of the lines the way they had been imported from CAD and simply change them to the appropriate line weight using Settings  Object Styles. However, this is a little cleaner for future tweaks. 12. Save the detail as Head.rfa in your project folder or library and import it into the window family using the Load Into Projects button. 13. Back in the window family, place the detail component over the existing extruded window frame and lock it to the reference plane that defines the head opening (Figure 18.15). Figure 18.15 “Family element visibility settings” dialog 44831c18.fm Page 590 Friday, October 12, 2007 9:08 AM Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark. [...]... (Figure 18. 24) Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark 595 44831c18.fm Page 596 Friday, October 12, 2007 9:08 AM 596 CHAPTER 18 ADVANCED DETAILING TECHNIQUES Figure 18. 23 Multiple views can be saved as separate Revit files Figure 18. 24 Selecting a file to import into the current project Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark 44831c18.fm... the shape previously drawn with lines Simply create it on-the-fly (Figure 18. 18) While visually scanning through the manufacturer’s product information, we selected a trim piece, but we don’t have any Revit or CAD details for it So, you have two options: make a new detail family and import it or build it on the spot Figure 18. 18 Draw a masking region for trim Adding Additional Information Using Symbolic... save the view (Figure 18. 21) The default file name will be the same as the view name in the project Figure 18. 21 Exporting a view from Revit Once the view is exported, it functions like any other RVT file Opening the view directly will allow you to edit and manipulate any of the elements you exported in the view You will also see a streamlined version of the Project Browser (Figure 18. 22) with only the... you can save it as a Revit file Right-click any view (or schedule) in the Project Browser and choose Save To New File It might take Revit a minute to compile the view content, but you will be presented with a dialog asking you Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark 44831c18.fm Page 595 Friday, October 12, 2007 9:08 AM REUSING DETAILS FROM OTHER REVIT PROJECTS for... turn off the visibility of the window frame in plan view as well Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark 591 44831c18.fm Page 592 Friday, October 12, 2007 9:08 AM 592 CHAPTER 18 ADVANCED DETAILING TECHNIQUES Figure 18. 17 Visibility settings for a 3D element We will now add some trim Use a masking region to cover the trim piece above the window frame on the exterior... dashed lines that represent the hinge points are symbolic lines 1 Using symbolic lines, add sealant to the detail, as shown in Figure 18. 19 Figure 18. 19 Adding symbolic lines for the sealant Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark 44831c18.fm Page 593 Friday, October 12, 2007 9:08 AM ADDING ADDITIONAL INFORMATION USING SYMBOLIC LINES 2 Before loading the detail into... also see a streamlined version of the Project Browser (Figure 18. 22) with only the related views present These Revit files can be kept in a project library for later use Figure 18. 22 Project Browser only has views appropriate to the ones for the exported view The second way to export a view from Revit is to navigate to File Save to Library Save Views This will open a dialog box of all of the exportable... about how to take an active project file and export key details to the library In this section, we will discuss how to pull details out of a Revit file and put it into our active project Exporting Details from Revit Projects As you create more and more details in Revit, you will inevitably want to save some of them to your office’s standard library so you can reuse them in other projects and save the... view window if you need to repeat the content Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark 597 44831c18.fm Page 598 Friday, October 12, 2007 9:08 AM 598 CHAPTER 18 ADVANCED DETAILING TECHNIQUES Using Detailing to Create a Shaft Opening Within Revit, there are a couple of ways to create an elevator shaft One commonly used way that we’ve seen discussed on the community forums... Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark 44831c18.fm Page 599 Friday, October 12, 2007 9:08 AM THE BOTTOM LINE The Bottom Line Revit s tools for detailing can go a long way toward helping you make your construction documents read clearly and concisely Understanding how to detail within Revit is critical to producing any set of documents Creating 3D details 3D axonometric . Figure 18. 11 Importing CAD detail into a detail component Figure 18. 12 Selecting layers to import Figure 18. 13 Aligning the reference planes 44831c18.fm. watermark. 596 CHAPTER 18 ADVANCED DETAILING TECHNIQUES Figure 18. 23 Multiple views can be saved as separate Revit files. Figure 18. 24 Selecting a file