can, could and be able to + Chúng ta sử dụng can do để chỉ một việc gì đó là khả dĩ hay một người nào đó có làm một việc gì đó.. Thể phủ định là can’t can not.[r]
(1)Unit + Unit 10 Date of preparing :…………./…………/…… Period 1, 2: A OBJECTIVES: - By the end of this lesson, Ss revise grammar unit 9+ 10: I GRAMAR : Defining relative clauses and Non-defining relative clauses 1.1 Defining relative clauses give essential information to define or identify the person or thing we are talking about Ex: An orphan is a child whose parents are dead 1.2 Non - defining relative clauses are always separated from the rest of the sentence by commas Notes: ex: John, who went to the same school as me, has just written a best selling a In non - defining clauses, you cannot use “THAT” instead of who, whom or which b You cannot leave out the relative pronoun, even when it is the object of the verb in the relative clause c Non - defining clause can be introduced by expressions like “all of, many of” + relative pronoun Example: There were a lot of people at the party, many of whom I had known for years Relative pronouns with prepositions (Giới từ đặt trước mệnh đề tính ngữ (Whom/ Which) Ex: The man speaks English very fast I talked to him last night The man to whom I talked last night speaks English very fast * Lưu ý: Không dùng That sau giới từ Trạng từ quan hệ (Relative adverbs) a Where (in/ on/ at which): Thay cho cụm từ nơi chốn Ex: The movies theater is the place We can see films at that place The movie theater is the place at which / where we can see films b When (in/ on which): Thay cho cụm từ thời gian Ex: Do you remember the day? We first met on that day Do you remember the day on which / when we first met? II Practice: Exercise 1: Complete each sentence, using who, whom, whose, that I don’t know the name of the woman I met yesterday This school is only for children language is not English The man has bought the houses comes from London I don’t like people talk a lot The parcel came this afternoon was from my uncle Exercise 2: Combine each pair of sentences, using a relative pronoun My youngest sister has just got married You met her at my house last week Last week I returned to my village I was born there forty years ago That man is an experienced doctor His house is near mine Do you remember the day? We first met on that day The girls are performing the play They rehearsed it yesterday The student kept talking about the project It was done last week The lady is a teacher at our school She went on a picnic with us last weekend This is the fishing village She met her lover there ten years ago I come from a city This city is located in the southern part of the country 10 The reporter has just interviewed me He appeared on TV last night Exercise 3: Combine the sentences using the relative pronouns Last week we went to Hue _ is the ancient capital of Viet Nam The woman _ lives next door to us is a weathercaster on a local TV station The shoes _ I bought were made in Italy (2) What’s the name of the lady _ was wearing the gold dress Ha Long Bay _ consists of hundreds of beautiful islands, is the world’s heritage The cat _ tail is long doesn’t belong to me Show me the place _ the ship sank Jack London _ wrote “The Call of the Wild”, is a famous American writer This is the house _ he used to live 10.Next summer holiday, our family will go to Da Lat _ my sister is living 11.The car _ won the race looked very futuristic 12.I thought I recognized the assistant served us 13.This morning I met somebody _ I haven’t seen for ages Exercise 4: Complete these sentences : 1-I don’t like the stories which …………………………………… 2- Linh is my friend whom ……………………………………… 3- This is my friend who ………………………………………… 4- I know a few people who …………………………………… 5- Do you know the woman whom……………………………… ? 6- What’s happened to the picture which …………………… … ? 7- Mai is the girl who …………………………………………… 8- She gave me the bag which…………………………………… 9- Where is the student whom ………………………………… ? 10- This is the city which ……………………………………… IV/ Summary: (1’) - Summarize the main points V./ Home work: (1’) - prepare unit 11+ 12 E Evaluation: Time:………………………………………………………………………………… Contents:…………………………………………………………………………… Methods:…………………………………………………………………………… Result:……………………………………………………………………………… Date of preparing: period: +4 Unit 11+ Unit 12 A OBJECTIVES: - By the end of this lesson, Ss revise grammar unit 11+ 12: B CONTENTS: I GRAMMAR: Relative Clauses Replaced by Participles and To - Infinitives 1.1 Present Participles phrase a Example: + The students who attend this school have to wear uniform → The students attending this school have to wear uniform + The girl who is speaking to Nam is my sister → The girl speaking to Nam is my sister Present Participles phrase can be used to replace relative clause when the verb in the clause is active Relative Pronoun + V = V-ing Relative Pronoun + be + V-ing = V-ing b Use: This structure is often used when the verb in the clause is in the progressive tense, Expresses a habitual or continuous action, of expresses a wish (e.g: wish, desire ,want, hope) (3) * Ex: - The boy waiting outside is her classmate - Young people wishing to succeed in life should work hard 1.2 Past Participle phrase a Example: + The film which is shown at the cinema is really interesting → The film shown at the cinema is really interesting b Use: Past Participle can be used to replace Relative clause when the verb in the clause is passive Relative Pronoun + be + PII = PII To - Infinitives: a when the Relative Clause follows the first/second/third/ /last only+N/pronoun or the superlative degree of Adj ex: The last man who left the shop → The last man to leave the shop Ex: This is the first man who reaches the top of this mountain →This is the first man to reach the top of this mountain b When the Relative Clause express something that must/can/or have to be done ex: He has a lot of homework that he must finish → He has a lot of homework to finish Ex:The children need a large playground which they can play in → The children need a large playground to play in Omission of relative pronouns: + Relative pronouns “who, whom, which, that” can be omitted when they are objects (O) in the sentences + But we can’t omit:+ relative pronouns after a comma (,) and a preposition + “who,which, that” as a subject (S) Ex: a Dam Vinh Hung, who I saw yesterday, is a famous singer b The house in which he lives is very old c The diamond ring which / that is bought by Mary is expensive II PRACTICE Exercise 1: Reduce the following relative clauses into phrases: The girls who are playing in the school yard are in our class There are many exercises that I have to finish before school The captain was the last person who left the sinking ship The mistakes which you have to correct are very important The money which was found in the flat belongs to the National Bank The children who attend that school receive a good education Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences using present participle, past participle or to-infinitive: Maxicorp were the only company which replied my letter Do you the man who is talking to my father ? Applications which were sent after 23rd will not be considered We have a lot of exercises which we hace to toninght Studies of her son are the most important thing that she cares about (4) The equipment which belongs to the club is insured George is the first person that we will interview Meetings which are held every month are called monthly meetings The most excellent students who were rewarded the scholarship would have a two-week holiday in Vung Tau 10 The trees which were planted last week are growing well Key: Maxicorp were the only company repling my letter Do you the man talking to my father ? Applications sent after 23rd will not be considered We have a lot of exercises to toninght Studies of her son are the most important thing for her to care about The equipment belonging to the club is insured George is the first person to interview Meetings held every month are called monthly meetings The most excellent students rewarded the scholarship would have a two-week holiday in Vung Tau 10 The trees planted last week are growing well Exercise 3: Combine the two sentences into one, using the relative clauses Leave out the relative pronouns if possible Example: Have you found the keys? You lost them Have you found the keys (which / that) you lost I like the dress Trang is wearing it The fish was really delicious We had it for dinner We stayed at a hotel Peter recommended it The film was interesting I watched it on TV last night The flat was very old My family used to live in it The birthday party was too noisy We went to it Who was that boy? You was with him this morning I don’t like tie John is wearing it The train was full of passengers and goods We travelled on it The church is 200 years old Our class visited it Key: I like the dress Trang is wearing The fish We had for dinner was really delicious We stayed at a hotel Peter recommended The film I watched on TV last night was interesting The flat My family used to live in was very old The birthday party We went to was too noisy Who was that boy You was with this morning.? I don’t like tie John is wearing The train We travelled on was full of passengers and goods 10 The church Our class visited is 200 years old IV/ Summary: (1’) - Summarize the main points V./ Home work: (1’) - prepare unit 13+ 15 E Evaluation: Time:………………………………………………………………………………… Contents:…………………………………………………………………………… Methods:…………………………………………………………………………… Result:……………………………………………………………………………… (5) Date of preparing: period: +6 Unit 13+ Unit 15 A OBJECTIVES: - By the end of this lesson, Ss revise grammar unit 13+ 15: B CONTENTS: I GRAMMAR: CLEFT SENTENCES Câu nhấn mạnh Ta có thể dùng cấu trúc it is /was that để nhấn mạnh phần ta muốn nói cách đưa phần muốn nhấn mạnh vào it is/was và that a SUBJECT FOCUS: Nhấn mạnh chủ ngữ Để nhấn mạnh chủ ngữ, ta đưa chủ ngữ đó vào it is/was that It is/ was + subject + that + verb : Chính đó làm gì It is my mother that loves me most Chính mẹ là người yêu tôi (Mẹ tôi không phải là khác) b OBJECT FOCUS: Nhấn mạnh bổ ngữ Để nhấn mạnh bổ ngữ, ta đưa bổ ngữ đó vào it is/was that It is/ was + object + that + subject + verb : Chính đó/một cái gì đó đã làm It is my mother that I love Chính mẹ là người tôi yêu (Tôi yêu mẹ tôi không phải là người nào khác “My mother” làm bổ ngữ cho động từ “love” đặt it is that để nhấn mạnh mẹ là người tôi yêu) c ADVERBIAL FOCUS: Nhấn mạnh trạng từ It is/ was + adverbial of place + that + subject + verb (object) Chính lúc nào đó đó/ cái gì đó đó làm gì can, could and be able to + Chúng ta sử dụng can (do) để việc gì đó là hay người nào đó có làm việc gì đó Thể phủ định là can’t (can not) - You can see the sea from our bedroom window - Can you speak any foreign language? * Be able to có thể sử dụng thay cho can, can thì thường gặp - Are you able to speak any foreign languages? Nhưng can có hai thể: can (hiện tại) và could (quá khứ) Vì đôi bạn phải sử dụng be able to: - I haven’t been able to sleep recently - Tom might not be able to come tomorrow khả + Could và was able to Could là quá khứ can Chúng ta sử dụng could đặc biệt với nhứng động từ sau: See, hear, smell, taste, feel, remember,understand - When we went into the house, we could smell burning - She spoke in a low voice but I could understand what she was saying Chúng ta dùng could để người nào có khả làm việc gì đó: - My grandfather could speak five languages - When Tom was 16, he could run 100 meters in 11 seconds Nhưng muốn nói người ta tìm cách xoay sở làm việc gì đó hoàn (6) cảnh đặc thù và việc đó có khả xảy thì bạn phải sử dụng was / were able to (không phải could) - The fire spread through the building very quickly everyone was able to escape - They didn’t want to come with us at first but in the end we were able to persuade them Ta có thể sử dụng thể phủ định couldn’t trường hợp: - My grandfather couldn’t swim - We tried hard but we couldn’t persuade them to come with us II PRACTICE: Example 1: The man gave her the book It was the man who gave her the book Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences after the model, paying attention to the Subject focus of the sentence The neighbor told them about it _ My friend came to see me late last night _ That boy scored the goal for his team _ The woman answered the man rudely -> The boy played ping pong the whole afternoon -> The girl gave the boy a special gift on his birthday -> _ 9.He got married when he was 26 -> _ 10.They were having a barbecue in the park -> 11.I met him on the way to school -> _ Exercise Complete the conversation with the correct from of could/be able to Use the negative if necessary Suddenly all the lights went out We _ see anything The computer went wrong, but luckily Emma put it right again There was a big party last night You _ hear the music half a mile away I learnt to read music as a child I _ read it when I was five People heard warnings about the flood, and they _ move out in time IV/ Summary: (1’) - Summarize the main points V./ Home work: (1’) - prepare pronunciation E Evaluation: Time:………………………………………………………………………………… Contents:…………………………………………………………………………… Methods:…………………………………………………………………………… Result:……………………………………………………………………………… Date of preparing: period:7 +8 Pronunciation + Exercise I Chọn từ có phần gạch chân phát âm khác với từ còn lại: A bother B thoughtful C geothermal D breakthrough A conquest B astronaut C Congress D psychological A digit B service C notify D gigantic A trained B watched C worked D stopped A effort B fencing C release D devastate A protect B ecologist C prohibit D potential A spacious B landscape C satisfaction D facsimile A exhaustedB heat C prohibit D handicapped A alternative B aquatic C intercultural D fertilizer 10 A gymnast B rugby C fly D variety (7) 11 A discarded B called C operated D needed 12 A accompanyB accomplish C wonder D come 13 A discharge B service C limit D beside 14 A swing B sweat C answer D swan A tanks B recipients C bookshops D belongings II Chọn đáp án đúng để hoàn thành các câu sau: 15 Oil, coal and natural gas are (nuclear energy, fossil fuels, plentiful, infinite) 16 The house (which built, to build, built, building) 40 years ago is still in good condition 17 I like the food (was cooked, cooked, which cooked, cooking) by my mother 18 Vietnam is rich in (natural resources, seas, land, fish) such as coal, apatite… 19 Do you know the girl (wears, to wear, wear, wearing) a long white dress? 20 Linda was the last student (to be asked, asking, asks, to ask) at the oral exam 21 The man (is entering, entering, to be entered, enters) the bank is a millionaire 22 The singer was (served, accompanied, assisted, sounded) on the piano by her sister 23 I didn’t really feel like going out, but I am glad I (did, made, tried, acted) my effort 24 “Is this the address to (where, whom, which, that) you want the package sent?” 25 The chemistry book (that I bought it, what I bought, I bought that, I bought) was a little expensive 26 “Have you ever met the man (stands, standing, who he is standing, is standing) over there?” – No Who is he? 27 “Do you remember Mrs Goddard, (who, whom, that, which) taught us English last year? 28 “Will you find the person (who, which, that his, whose) bike you found?” 29 The Vietnamese participants took (notice, notes, part, role) in the 14th Asian Games with great enthusiasm 30 (Spectators, Athletes, Audience, Viewers) from several countries competed in many Asian Games 31 How many sports were there (in, on, at, to) the 14th Asian Games? 32 The Olympic Games is one of the biggest sporting (problems, athletes, cultures, events) all over the world 33 Swimming is one of the (mountainous, aquatic, racing, running) sports 34 On some special occasions, people often march and demonstrate to show their (nation, event, culture, solidarity) 35 Vietnam won gold (degrees, medals, awards, boards) at the 15th Asian Games 36 This is the novel (that, which, x, all are correct) I’ve been expecting 37 He is very good at (making, getting, accompanying, having) people singing with his guitar 38 My uncle is interested in (collect, collecting, collected, to collect) stamps 39 I’m quite keen on my father’s valuable stamp (collect, collecting, collection, collector) 40 You should not indulge yourself (in, on, for, at) anything that can form a bad habit 41 I really admire him, for his (succeed, success, successful, successfully) 42 She is the only student who is good (in, on, at, with) both maths and literature in my class 43 (It was from this shop that, It was from this shop where, it was this shop which, It was this shop that) I bought the golden fish 44 It was Tom (comes, that comes, to come, who came) to help us 45 (The baby, The baby that, It was the baby who, The baby whom) the police had rescued from the fires 46 It is the children (whom, which, x, that) were punished 47 The spacecraft lifted (on, of, off, in) at 12 A.M 48 The spacecraft is already in (ring, flight, habit, orbit) round the moon 49 Pham Tuan is the first Vietnamese (driver, sailor, spaceship, astronaut) to fly into space 50 I am the only representative of Vietnam in this competition, (not I, amn’t I, isn’t I, aren’t I)? 51 The ticket to London doesn’t cost a lot, (do they, does it, is it, isn’t it)? 52 You don’t need any more, (do I, don’t I, you, don’t you)? 53 She can speak languages, (can she, can’t she, cannot she, does she)? (8) 54 Wind energy is …… safe……unlimited (not only/but also, neither/nor, not only/and, either/or) 55 Neil Armstrong is the first person (to set, to walk, to work, to do) foot on the moon 56 The hotel staff is friendly and (unhelpful, courteous, discourteous, impolite) 57 All post offices in Viet Nam are equipped with advanced (knowledge, machines, science, technology) 58 You can choose to send your letters by air or (sea, land, surface, hand) mail 59 How long did Yuri Gagarin’s trip into space (lengthen, last, late, strengthen)? – Only 108 minutes 60 When spacemen travel into space they have to face enormous (certainties, uncertainties, possibilities, certainty) 61 I was not appointed to be a tour guide because I (could, couldn’t, was able to, cannot) speak English at that time 62 John does look well today, (isn’t he, does he, does him, will he)? 63 They used to work as astronauts, (don’t they, weren’t they, did they, didn’t they)? 64 They seemed to have a good time at the party, (hadn’t they, had they, did they, didn’t they)? 65 A pharaoh was a (king, queen, prince, princess) of ancient Egypt 66 When a pharaoh was dead, he was (carried, hidden, dug, buried) in his pyramid 67 The pharaohs built pyramids to prepare for their (die, death, dead, dying) 68 Sydney Opera House is widely regarded as a (heritage, wonder, belonging, possession) of the modern world 69 Scientists have proposed many (miracles, theories, legends, mysteries) about the construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza 70 (Bill Gates, Bill Gates says, Bill Gates is, Bill Gates is said) to be the richest man in the USA 71 Mr Pike (says to be, is said to be, is said that, said to be) the most famous archaeologist in our city 72 John (said to have been visited, is said to have visited, said to have visited, is said to have been visited) The Great Egypt of Giza 73 You have seen this film, (haven’t you, have you, you, don’t you)? 74 It is collecting stamps that he is (concerned, interested, fond, keen) in 75 Tom, (that, who, whom, whose) sits next to me, is from Canada 76 The government sent money and food to the people (which, that, whom, whose) houses were destroyed by the fire 77 People are destroying the environment by adding (pollutes, pollutions, polluted, pollutants) to it 78 Nowadays, people are more aware that wildlife all over the world is in (danger, threat, problem, vanishing) of becoming extinct 79 I’m not the man (that, x, whom, all are correct) you are looking for Tìm và sửa lỗi sai các câu sau: 80 The waiter whom served us yesterday was impolite and rude who 81 This school is only for students who’s first language is not Chinese whose 82 This is the girl who father is working with my father whose 83 He is moving to Lang Son, that is in the north-east of Viet Nam which 84 The man to speak to me is John’s brother speaking 85 He is the first person be killed in that way to be killed 86 They work in a hospital building in 1980 built 87 The flight on it I wanted to travel was cancelled because of the bad weather on which 88 It was at this shop where I bought this dictionary that 89 It is my closest friend goes abroad to study next week who goes 90 It was the cat who the boy hit that 91 Listen to music is my hobby Listening 92 Your grandfather could speak languages, could he? couldn’t he 93 The price of crude oil used to be a great deal lower than now, wasn’t it? didn’t it 94 We don’t have to repair the house as it is still on good condition in (9) 95 How many sports were there in the 15th Asian Games? at The person sits next to me is someone I have never met sitting III.Viết lại câu gợi ý, giữ nguyên nghĩa câu: My grandfather taught me how to collect books It was my… I bought the new dictionary from this bookshop It was the………… My father loves watching football on TV So I Both……………… I don’t like cigarettes I don’t like beer, either I like neither……… Peter doesn’t know how to drive His brother doesn’t know how to drive, either. Neither……………… John didn’t come to the party Tim didn’t come to the party either……… People believe that 13 is an unlucky number 13 is………… They found their dog in the garden It was their…………… Mary doesn’t want to go Neither her children Neither……… 10 Swimming is good for our health Listening to music is good for our health Both 11 She is smart She is also helpful She is not only………… 12 Pike is keeping the keys or you are keeping the keys Either……… IV Nối câu sử dụng đại từ quan hệ: 13 Do you know the girl? Tom is talking to the girl 14 A lion is an animal This animal lives in Africa 15 I have a class It begins at p.m 16 The soup was too salty I had it for lunch 17 The lady is a famous writer You met her at the party last night 18 Mr Phong hasn’t come yet He is supposed to be at the meeting 19 Lan went back home She forgot to turn off the faucet V.Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ các câu sau: 20 The young man who is talking with our teacher is Ba’s brother 21 The child enjoyed the chocolates which her mother bought from France 22 She is the only student who is selected after the examination 23 Do you want to visit the castles which were built in the 14 th century? 24 Thompson is the most famous actress who appears on stage here 25 The captain was the last person who left the sinking ship 26 Students who arrive late will not be permitted to enter the classroom 27 Be sure to follow the instructions that are given at the top of the page 28 I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country 29 Our solar system is in a galaxy that is called the Milky Way KEYS Viết lại câu gợi ý, giữ nguyên nghĩa câu: 96 It was my grandfather who taught me how to collect books 97 It was the new dictionary that I bought from this bookshop 98 Both my father and I love watching football on TV 99 I like neither cigarettes nor beer 100 Neither Peter nor his brother knows how to drive 101 Neither John nor Tim came to the party 102 13 is believed to be an unlucky number 103 It was their dog that they found in the garden 104 Neither Mary nor her children want to go 105 She is not only smart but also helpful 106 Either Pike or you are keeping the keys Nối câu sử dụng đại từ quan hệ: 107 Do you know the girl who/whom/that Tom is talking to? 108 A lion is an animal that/which lives in Africa 109 I have a class which/that begins at p.m 110 The soup which/that I had for lunch was too salty (10) 111 The lady who/that you met at the party last night is a famous writer 112 Mr Phong, who is supposed to be at the meeting, hasn’t come yet 113 Lan, who forgot to turn off the faucet, went back home Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ các câu sau: 114 The young man talking with our teacher is Ba’s brother 115 The child enjoyed the chocolates her mother bought from France 116 She is the only student to be selected after the examination 117 Do you want to visit the castles built in the 14 th century? 118 Thompson is the most famous actress to appear on stage here 119 The captain was the last person to leave the sinking ship 120 Students arriving late will not be permitted to enter the classroom 121 Be sure to follow the instructions given at the top of the page 122 I come from a city located in the southern part of the country IV/ Summary: (1’) - Summarize the main points V./ Home work: (1’) - prepare pronunciation E Evaluation: Time:………………………………………………………………………………… Contents:…………………………………………………………………………… Methods:…………………………………………………………………………… Result:……………………………………………………………………………… 123 (11)