Passive form of The present and past perfect continuous tense Dạng bị động của thì hiện tại hoàn thành & quá khứ hoàn thành td S+Have/Has + Been + Being + V3 S + Had Been + Being + V3..[r]
(1)SUMMARY ON TENSES TENSES FORMATION SIMPLE PRESENT S+Vo / Vs/es PRESENT PROGRESSIVE S+ am/is/are + V-ing SIMPLE PAST S+V2ed PAST PROGRESSIVE S + was/ were + V-ing USE - Diễn tả thật hiển nhiên, chân lý - Diễn tả thói quen, hành động xảy thường xuyên MARKER Often, usually, frequently, always , constantly, seldom, rarely, sometimes, occasionally, everyday/week/month - Diễn tả HĐ diễn và kéo dài thời gian - Xuất sau câu đề nghị, mệnh lệnh - Diễn tả HĐ xảy tương lai gần - Diễn tả phàn nàn Now, right now, at the moment, at present Look! Be quiet! - Diễn tả HĐ đã xảy quá khứ, chấm dứt và biết rõ thời gian - Diễn tả thói quen quá khứ Last, ago, yesterday , in + year(in the past) When, as (hđ ngắn) - Diễn tả HĐ xảy thời At this time, time + yesterday, last….when, while điểm quá khứ/ suốt khoảng thời gian quá khứ - Diễn tả HĐ xảy quá khứ thì có HĐ khác xen vào quá khứ - Diễn tả HĐ cùng xảy song song quá khứ Tomorrow, tonight, soon, again, next + (2) SIMPLE FUTURE FUTURE CONTINUOUS S + shall/ will + V0 S + shall/will + be + V-ing PAST PERFECT S+ had+ V3ed Just,ever, never, already, yet,since,for, sofar=until now = =uptonow = up to the present Before it’s the first time S+ have/has + been + V ing - Diễn tả HĐ bắt đầu quá khứ và kéo dài liên tục đến (người nói chú ý đến việc xảy hay thời gian xảy ra) Since , for All day… S + be going to + V0 - S+ have/has + V3ed NEAR FUTURE - Diễn tả HĐ quá khứ xảy trước Before , after, when, as, as soon as,… thời điểm quá khứ trước Up to then HĐ quá khứ khác - Diễn tả HĐ vừa xảy ra, HĐ lặp lặp lại nhiều lần quá khứ - Diễn tả HĐ quá khứ mà còn kéo dài đến và có khả tiếp tục tương lai - Diễn tả HĐ xảy quá khứ mà không biết rõ thời gian PRESENT PERFECT PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS - Diễn tả HĐ xảy tuơng lai … , in + year (in the future) - suy nghĩ , giả thuyết tương lai At this time + tomorrow - Diễn tả HĐ xảy thời điểm tương lai/ suốt quảng thời gian tương lai - HĐ diển tương lai lúc việc khác xảy đến TENSES & TENSE TRANSFORMATION (3) S + began/ started + V-ing/ To V …… in+time/ time+ago S + have/has + Ved/3…………… since/ for + time have/ has + been + V-ing…… Ex: I started learning English five years ago I have been studying English for five years S + have/ has + (not) + Ved/3…… for + time It’s + time + since + S + (last) + Ved/2 Ex: I haven’t seen him for two months It’s two months since I last saw him S + have/ has + not + Ved/3………for/ since + time a The last time + S + Ved/2……was + time + ago in + time b S + last + Ved/2 …… time + ago in + time Ex: I haven’t seen him for two moths The last time I saw him was two months ago I last saw him two months ago S + have/ has + not + Ved/3………before It/this/that is the first time + S + have/ has + Ved/3 Ex: I haven’t seen that man here before It is the first time I have seen that man here (4) How long is it since + S + Ved/2… ? have/ has + S + Ved/3… ? When did + S + V0…….? Ex: How long is it since you sold this car? When did you sell this car? S + have/ has + never + Ved/3 + such (a/ an) + Adj + N It/this/that is the + Adj (superlative) + S + have/ has + ever + Ved/3 Ex: I’ve never met such an intelligent boy This is the most intelligent boy I’ve ever met Before + S + Ved/2………….S + had + Ved/3 After + S + had + Ved/3……….S + Ved/2 Ex: He played football but first he did all his homework Before he played football, he had done his homework After he had done his homework, he played football S + have/ has + (not) + Ved/3 ….+ since + S + Ved/2 S + (last) Ved/2 + when + S + Ved/2 Ex: John hasn’t seen her since she left for Japan John last saw her when she left for Japan S + had + hardly + Ved/3 + when + S + Ved/2 = Hardly + had + S + Ved/3 + when + S + Ved/2 S + had + no sooner + Ved/3 + than + S + Ved/2 = No sooner + had + S + Ved/3 + than + S + Ved/2 Ex: He had hardly seen me when he ran away He had no sooner seen me than he ran away (5) PASSIVE VOICE Active: S + V + Passive: S + O BE + V3/ ED + by O I Tense forms of Passive Verb : ( Các dạng thì động từ thể thụ động ) Active 1.Passive form of The present tense Ex : The news surprises me ( Dạng bị động thì đơn) Ex : The news surprises Sam S + Am / Is / Are + V3 Passive Ex : I am surprised by the news Ex : Sam is surprised by the news Passive form of The past tense ( Dạng bị động thì quá khứ đơn) S + Was / Were + V3 Active Ex : They bought this house last year Ex : I saw them yesterday Passive Ex This house was bought last year Ex : They were seen yesterday Passive form of The past progressive tense ( Dạng bị động thì qk tiếp diễn) S + Was / Were + Being + V3 Ex : Mai was cooking dinner at p.m yesterday Ex : She was talking to them when I came Ex : Dinner was being cooked by Mai at p.m yesterday Ex : They were being talked to when I came Passive form of The present progressive tense ( Dạng bị động thì ht tiếp diễn ) S + Am / Is / Are + being + V3 Ex : The secretary is copying some letters now Ex : Someone is building a new hospital Ex : Some letters are being copied by the secretary now Ex : A new hospital is being built Passive form of The present Perfect tense (Dạng bị động thì ht ) S + Has / Have + Been + V3 Ex : I have just bought a car Ex : Phong has done these excercises for hours Ex : A car has just been bought Ex : These exercises have been done for hours by Phong Passive form of The past Perfect (Dạng bị động thì quá khứ ht ) S + Had + Been + V3 Ex : They had phoned me before they left Ex : I had been phoned before they left Passive form of The Future tense (Dạng bị động thì tương lai đơn) S + Will + Be + V3 Ex: Mai will visit Cuc Phuong national park next week Ex : Cuc Phuong national park will be visited by Mai next week Passive form of The Future continuous tense (Dạng bị động thì tương lai td ) S + Will + Be + Being + V3 Ex : They will be writing the lesson at a.m tomorrow Ex : The lesson will be being written at a.m tomorrow (6) Passive form of The Future perfect tense (Dạng bị động thì tương lai ht ) S + Will + Have + Been + V3 Ex : We will have finished our work by the end of this month Ex : Our work will have been finished by the end of this month 10 Passive form of The Future perfect continuous tense (Dạng bị động thì tương lai httd) S +Will + Have Been + Being+V3 Ex : They will have been teaching English at this school by then Ex : English will have been being taught at this school by then 11 Passive form of The present and past perfect continuous tense (Dạng bị động thì hoàn thành & quá khứ hoàn thành td ) S+Have/Has + Been + Being + V3 S + Had Been + Being + V3 Ex : They have been learning French for ten years Ex : We had been eating lunch before they called Ex : French has been being learned for ten years Ex : Lunch had been being eaten before they came II PASSIVE MODAL AUXILIARIES ( Dạng bị động trợ động từ hình thái hay khiếm khuyết ) Form : Modal + Be + pastparticiple Active Modal Auxiliaries Passive Modal Auxiliaries S+ Can Could May Might Have to Has to Ought to Should Must Used to Be going to Ex : I can these exercises Ex : You have to clean the floor Ex :Ted should mail it Ex : They are going to build this bridge + Be+ V3 III / SOME OTHER CASES ( Một số trường hợp khác ) Verb of opinion : say, think, believe, report, hope, explain ……… A S + V + That + Clause <=> It + Be + V3 + That + Clause Ex : They think that he is a good teacher => It is thought that he is a good teacher Ex : People say that we will pass this exam => It is said that we will pass this exam B S + V + That + Clause ( S2 + V2 + O2 ) <=> S2 + Be + V3 +To infinitive or perfect infinitive Ex : These exercises can be done Ex : The floor has to be cleaned Ex : It should be mailed Ex : This bridge is going to be built (7) Ex : People said that he had gone abroad => It was said that he had gone abroad Or He was said to have gone abroad Ex : They believe that he is a good singer => It is believed that he is a good singer Or He is believed to be a good singer S + V + Direct Object + To + V(inf.) <=> Direct Object + Be + V3 + To + V(inf.) ( advise, ask , force , encourage , invite , tell , allow , convince , warn ………… ) Ex : He asked Tom to sit by me <=> Tom was asked to sit by me Ex : She told him not to look for a job <=> He was told not to look for a job WH – WORD + [ WILL/ DOES / DO/ DID ] + S + V + O ? <=> WH – WORD + BE + S + V ? Ex : Why did you explain it ? <=> Why was it explained ? Ex : Where will you these exercises tomorrow ? <=> When will these exercises be done tomorrow ? YES – NO QUESTION : DO / DOES / DID + S + V + O ? <=> IS / ARE / WAS / WERE + S + V3 ? Ex : Do you solve this problem ? <=> Is this problem solved ? Ex : Did your mother make some cakes ? <=> Were some cakes made by your mother ? IMPERATIVE SENTENCE : V + O + ADVER B <=> LET + O + BE + V3 + ADVERB Ex : Write your name here Ex : Open your book now <=> Let your name be written here <=> Let your book be opened now (8)