43 iot assignment 1 frontsheet 2018 2019

ASSIGNMENT FRONT SHEET Qualification TEC Level HND Diploma in Computing Unit number and title Unit 43: Internet of Things Submission date Date Received 1st submission Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission Student Name Nguyen Van Loc Student ID GCD18350 Class GCD0704 Assessor name Tran Trong Minh Student declaration I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism I understand that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice Vanloc Student’s signature Grading grid P1 P2 P3 P4 M1 M2 M3 M4 D1 D2 ❒ Summative Feedback: Grade: Assessor Signature: Internal Verifier’s Comments: Signature & Date: ❒ Resubmission Feedback: Date: INTERNET OF THINGS ASSIGNMENT REPORT UNIVERSITY: UNIVERSITY OF GREENWICH VIET NAM CLASS: GCD0703 NAME: NGUYEN VAN LOC MENTOR: TRAN TRONG MINH EMAIL: locnvgcd18350@fpt.edu.vn TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF FIGURES I Analyse what aspects of IoT are necessary and appropriate when designing software applications: (LO1) Explore various forms of IoT functionality (P1) • IoT Definitions: In general, the term Internet of Things refers to situations where network communication and computing capacity extend to objects, sensors and everyday items not usually considered computers, enabling these devices with minimal human interference to produce, share and consume data However no single universal description exists • What is the purpose of IoT? - In the case of an IoT Eco-system, a remote agent (tablets, smartphones) may be used to send a command or request information through an IoT computer • - The computer then executes the instruction or may also transfer the data back to the network to be evaluated - This data collection and processing will be done in many places, including the cloud, the local archive or even the data itself IoT Real World Applications : Agriculture and Pest Control: - Since we are going to look into the different IoT applications and the various IoT use cases, let’s start off with the areas where IoT use is most overlooked – farming Agriculture is essential for human survival and the way the population keeps multiplying, it can be hard to maintain such large-scale agriculture without a major revolution - Integrating IoT applications with farming can help to boost the production and keep it in line with the population explosion happening all over the globe IoT applications can result in precision farming – that is, use of analytical data to understand soil moisture level, climatic changes, plant requirement, etc, and thus boost yield as well as encourage efficient use of resources - This method can also be used for livestock management as well A threat that the agricultural sector has always faced is pest infiltration However, in one of the recent IoT use cases, a company, Semios, makes use of sensors to track pest population There are other IoT systems as well which could be used to trap pests and notify authorities about it Environment: - In recent times, we are becoming more and more aware of the environment and the damage that human activities have caused Now, we are slowly trying to correct our mistakes and tackle environmental issues We can make use of IoT applications to help us with this goal - Some of the areas where IoT are working is preservation of bees Honey Bees are facing a threat in this polluted world Climate change is affecting them as well However, by implanting IoT devices, beekeepers can take better charge of preserving hives Using IoT with connected sensors, it is possible to keep track of the hive temperature, amount of food present in the hives and also, the pollen collection IoT can be also used in waste management also, helping us take better care of our environment Smart Home Applications: - Smart homes are probably the most common of all IoT use cases The concept of smart homes has revolved around the internet for a long time When Mark Zuckerberg displayed his smart home Jarvis, many people felt that they could actually fulfill their dream of having a Smart home - A smart home works with the active use of IoT applications Smart home devices collect and share information with one another in an integrated platform and automate their actions based on the owner’s preference Hence, it is clear that they engage in a learning process to understand the preferences of their owner - There are many IoT use cases related to Smart home appliances, but one of them can be Smart Thermostats, which monitor and control home temperatures to the comfort of the owner Plus, there is smart lighting as well where the lighting adjusts themselves based on the user preference as well as external lighting Health Care: - The use of IoT in the healthcare sector can redefine healthcare as a whole The entire healthcare sector comprises physicians, patients, hospitals, and health insurance companies IoT can target and enrich each of these parties Patients already have access to several forms of wearables like fitness bands and blood pressure monitors to help with their health - There are also alert mechanisms put in these devices to notify doctors or family members in the case of emergencies For the physicians, it is quite easy to get into the history of a patient through the IoT device and access real-time health data easily Real-time health data can also be used to increase the efficiency of clinical trials IoT devices can be used inside hospitals to track locations of medical devices like defibrillators or wheelchairs and also help with inventory management, monitoring the environment, and temperature regulation Learn more about machine learning applications in healthcare industry - Since most IoT devices collect data and store them in the cloud, health insurance companies can access this data to track the routine activities of a patient (their lifestyle choices), whether they are adhering to their treatment plans or even looking into the operation processes Smart Cities - Many governments plan to build smart cities – that is – cities which heavily use IoT for several reasons like traffic management, public transportation, parking, utility billing, etc Smart Cities can be referred to as large-scale IoT applications which cover a lot of problematic areas in a city - While costly, it can be safe to say the benefits far outweigh the cost With the combination of sensors, GPS data collection and cloud platforms, it will be easy to monitor traffic conditions of a specific area, plan construction program by predicting its impact on traffic and find alternative routes when necessary - Use of smart billing for household use of energy and smart street lighting can help in the management of energy use Another use case of the many IoT use cases is improving public safety by using smart cameras or smart microphones to help detect crime in any area across a city Safe Driving: - With the increasing use of mobile phones, there has been a tragic rise in car accidents These accidents have been connected to distracted driving While there have been warnings against the use of mobile phones while driving, many drivers not pay heed to it However, with the help of IoT technology, it is possible to track the mobile usage of drivers during driving and block distracting apps - IoT applications can also be used to understand driver behaviour and coach drivers based on how they are driving A recent area where IoT is being used is in the construction of driverless cars While it seems like something from the future, driverless cars are already in the making These cars use advanced sensors and gyroscopes, all of which are connected to cloud platforms and the internet - Using this platform, the driverless car is able to data from a variety of sources which tells them about the traffic conditions as well as potholes, sharp turns, speed breakers and other useful information required for driving Driverless cars can be a perfect addition in a Smart City to ensure smooth traffic conditions Waste Management: - We are slowly moving into a world which takes waste creation seriously While many companies are moving away from non-biodegradable goods, it is important to manage the waste already being generated IoT can bring a lot on the table to help with waste management - One of the IoT use cases is selecting the right route for garbage trucks IoT applications can notify truck drivers about filled dustbins and set a route for them so that they not have to waste time by exploring locations with empty dustbins IoT devices can also help in developing Smart bins, that is, trash bins which can segregate waste into categories like plastic, metal, glass or paper Bin-e, a Polish company, has already generated Smart Waste Bins as one of the many IoT use cases related to waste management Tackling Industrial Issues: - Using IoT in the industrial sector is sometimes seen to be similar to the Industrial revolution How can IoT help with Industries? In the manufacturing department, IoT can be used in asset management and inventory management Implanting IoT in the manufacturing sector can help in tracking the efficiency of the systems being used, detect any errors in the machinery, detect causes of lack of efficiency, etc IoT in the industry can help in tackling unplanned downtime too Supply Chain: If you are using Amazon or Swiggy, you might be aware of the tracking system they use to track the delivery of your goods Supply chains have been using IoT applications for quite some time It has helped suppliers to track goods in transit as well as get immediate customer feedback with the help of a rating system IoT systems can also help the supplier or drivers to preserve the goods better during transit by communicating information about temperature and pressure that the item is being preserved in Hence, IoT can optimize workflow by improving the supply chain transit IoT example: - • - INSTEON: Figure 1: INSTEON    - Location: Los Angeles, California How they’re using IoT: In addition to controlling lighting and appliances, Insteon lets users monitor windows, doors, water leaks, smoke and more via sensors Industry impact: Ever gone on vacation and wondered if you left a window open for thieves and rain to breach? With Insteon, you'll know if that's actually the case so you can return home or call a neighbor to shut it EYELOCK: Figure 5: Ardruino Uno Another well-known IoT platform is Raspberry Pi 2, which is a very affordable and tiny computer that can incorporate an entire web server Often called “RasPi,” it has enough processing power and memory to run Windows 10 on it as well as IoT Core RasPi exhibits great processing capabilities, especially when using the Python programming language Figure 6: Raspberry Pi BeagleBoard is a single-board computer with a Linux-based OS that uses an ARM processor, capable of more powerful processing than RasPi Tech giant Intel’s Galileo and Edison boards are other options, both great for larger scale production, and Qualcomm has manufactured an array of enterprise-level IoT technology for cars and cameras to healthcare Figure 7: BeagleBoard (data-flair.training, 2020) 2.4 IoT Development Tools: You will agree with the fact that it is indeed a herculean task to build a complex application, more so when it concerns the use of IoT hardware and software However, you have ample opportunities that come in the form of development kits and tools that will help you come up with the best practices to build an IoT solution Certainly, IoT is the latest buzzword that is doing rounds in the internet-driven space Going by the numbers, in 2015, there were 15.41 billion IoT connected devices which have now grown to 26.66 billion and it is expected to surpass 75 billion devices by 2025 Majority of these devices are used in the healthcare industry or business/corporates and manufacturing industry Moreover, to fuel this progressive trend, a host of Internet of Things solution providers are busy creating software and hardware designs that will help developers come up with novel IoT applications and devices • Arduino IDE: If you are looking to build a computer that can sense and exercise a better control over the physical world when compared to your normal stand-alone computer, then Arduino can be your intelligent choice Offering a perfect blend of IoT hardware and software, Arduino is an open-source prototyping and simple-to-use IoT platform Arduino operates through a set of hardware specifications that can be applied to interactive electronics The software of Arduino comes in the form of the Arduino programming language and Integrated Development Environment (IDE) Figure 8: Arduino IDE • PlatformIO: Next in the list of top IoT development tools and platforms is PlatformIO which is a cross-platform IoT development environment This platform comes with a build system, supported by a library manager and IDE You have a choice to port the IDE on top of the Atom editor or you can go ahead and install it as a plug-in The best part of PlatformIO is that it is compatible with more than 200 boards Coming with a wonderful debugging integration, PlatformIO is conspicuous of a serial port monitor All those who are employing PlatformIO unanimously express one feeling and that is – “PlatformIO hastens up the development process of an IoT application, allowing us to deliver IoT solutions in record time” Figure 9: PlatformIO • Tessel 2: This is a hardware provider that can be used to build basic IoT solutions and prototypes Tessel lends a helping hand through its numerous sensors and modules This is a board which can hold up to a dozen modules including the RFID, camera, GPS and the accelerometer All those Java developers who are proficient with Node.JS can use this device as Tessel can be programmed using Node.JS This way, Tessel can be used to churn out a host of server and hardware firmware IoT solutions Tagged as a robust IoT platform, you can leverage all the libraries of Node.JS to unveil a host of devices; within a matter of minutes It comes with two processors, the Tessel hardware makes use of a 580MHz Mediatek MT7620n and 48MHz Atmel SAMD21 coprocessor While one can be used to run your firmware applications at a rapid speed, the other finds its use in exercising better input/output control and the efficient management of power Figure 10: Tessel (blog.eduonix, 2019) 2.5 IoT APIs: The application program (or programming) interface, or API, is arguably what really ties together the connected “things” of the “internet of things.” IoT APIs are the points of interaction between an IoT device and the internet and/or other elements within the network Figure 11: Iot API Examples 2.6 IoT – Software: IoT software addresses its key areas of networking and action through platforms, embedded systems, partner systems, and middleware These individual and master applications are responsible for data collection, device integration, real-time analytics, and application and process extension within the IoT network They exploit integration with critical business systems (e.g., ordering systems, robotics, scheduling, and more) in the execution of related tasks Data Collection This software manages sensing, measurements, light data filtering, light data security, and aggregation of data It uses certain protocols to aid sensors in connecting with real-time, machine-tomachine networks Then it collects data from multiple devices and distributes it in accordance with settings It also works in reverse by distributing data over devices The system eventually transmits all collected data to a central server Device Integration Software supporting integration binds (dependent relationships) all system devices to create the body of the IoT system It ensures the necessary cooperation and stable networking between devices These applications are the defining software technology of the IoT network because without them, it is not an IoT system They manage the various applications, protocols, and limitations of each device to allow communication Real-Time Analytics These applications take data or input from various devices and convert it into viable actions or clear patterns for human analysis They analyze information based on various settings and designs in order to perform automation-related tasks or provide the data required by industry Application and Process Extension These applications extend the reach of existing systems and software to allow a wider, more effective system They integrate predefined devices for specific purposes such as allowing certain mobile devices or engineering instruments access It supports improved productivity and more accurate data collection (tutorialspoint, 2020) II Outline a plan for an appropriate IoT application using common architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware and APIs (LO2) Investigate architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware and API techniques available to develop IoT applications (P3) 1.1 Architecture: Figure 12: Architecture of IoT a The physical layer, which has sensors for detecting and collecting environmental information, is the awareness layer In the environment, it detects certain spatial parameters or identifies other smart objects b Connecting to other smart objects, network devices, and servers is the responsibility of the network layer Its features are also used for sensor data transfer and processing c The application layer is in charge of supplying the customer with application-specific resources It describes different applications in which for example smart houses, smart cities, and smart health can be implemented on the Internet of Things 1.2 Hardware: NodeMCU ESP8266 WiFi Development Board: Figure 13: NodeMCU ESP8266 WiFi Development Board INTRODUCE This is NodeMCU module based on ESP8266 with Wifi connection, on-board CP2102 and keys Many open source resources, this module supports development in various ways like Lua / AT command / MicroPython / Arduino / IOT, etc helps you to quickly create IoT applications FEATURES, CHARACTERISTICS + Integrated module ESP-12E + Integrated CP2102 and USB to UART converter port + USB port to power and load code or debug UART + 2x15 GPIO pins + x reset key TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Wifi module: ESP-12E, Processor: ESP8266 + Built-in Flash: 32Mbit + Antenna: PCB antenna + Peripheral connection protocol: UART / SPI / I2C / SDIO / GPIO / ADC / PWM + Wifi protocol: IEEE 802.11 b / g / n + Frequency range: 2.4G ~ 2.5G (2400M ~ 2483.5M) + WIFI mode: Station / SoftAP / SoftAP + Station + Operating voltage: 5V + Logic level: 3V + Size: 48.26mm x 25.4mm APPLICATION + Smarthome + Intelligent building + Industrial automation + IP camera + Smart agriculture PINOUTS Figure 14: PINOUTS 1.3 Tools: The Integrated Development Environment (IDE) in this project was used Arduino IDE: Figure 15: Arduino IDE The IDE interface contains two IDE device connections and two motherboard connectors for two data cables An IDE-integrated controller sends an array of 512-byte blocks between the drive and motherboard, which houses up to four chipset-controlled IDE devices within one system Most personal computers (PC) contain hard drive and CD-ROM connections The hard drive uses one cable and connects to the motherboard via the primary IDE connector The CD-ROM drive and other storage devices share one IDE cable The standard IDE (ATA/ATAPI) uses two different connectors The IDE/ATA cable attaches to the data connector, and the standardized power connector provides power Simple and accessible user experience Arduino has been used in thousands of different projects and applications Arduino software is easy to use for beginners, but flexible enough for advanced users 1.4 Frameworks: For ESP8266, there are different platforms and projects The Sming Framework is one of them that stands tall For a variety of factors, Sming is my favorite framework for ESP8266 programming At least for me the most important ones are: Relatively good Most of the ESP8266 frameworks are currently undergoing intense development and lack a lot of functionality So you will end up with a framework that like the Olimex Arduino Type library, will support you at the beginning, but with complicated applications you may have to integrate a lot more yourself Simple to build with it, The framework is written in C++, and for guys like me that have not coded in C in the last 15 years, but are strong with translated languages such as PHP, its entry level is not so steep Has cool attributes With just a few lines of coding, upgrading over the air can be achieved in Sming Try to find this in plain C 1.5 API: AWS IoT Figure 16: AWS IoT IoT services for industrial, consumer and commercial solutions There are billions of devices in homes, factories, oil wells, hospitals, cars and thousands more With the explosion in numbers of devices, you increasingly need solutions to connect devices and collect, store and analyze device data Rich and detailed: AWS has rich and detailed IoT services, from the edge to the cloud AWS IoT is the only cloud-based provider that combines rich data management and analytics in easy-to-use services designed specifically for high-noise IoT data Multi-layer security: AWS IoT provides services for all layers of security, including preventive security mechanisms, such as encryption and access control to device data, along with a service for continuous monitoring and control configuration check Integrating superior AI: AWS combines AI and IoT to make devices smarter You can create the model in the cloud and deploy these models to devices where the model runs times faster than other services Proven on a large scale: AWS IoT is built on a proven, secure, and scalable cloud infrastructure with billions of devices and trillions of messages AWS IoT integrates other AWS services so you can build a complete solution Determine a specific problem to solve using IoT (P4) 2.1 Problems: Door locks are an incredibly necessary item used by individuals very early on Door locks have progressed from basic key-type locks to the lock usage key, and modern smart door locks are nowadays Door locks typically consist of a lock shaft and small internal buttons, where people can lock and unlock the lock with the correct key For traditional locks, the criminals can to know the locking shaft's rotation orientation, they can be easily opened, or they can crack the lock very quickly even with a saw and a hammer When unlocking, you must put the key in the right direction, have to copy many keys for family members, each person usually owns a bunch of keys and it takes time to search for keys every day 2.2 Solution: These challenges have now been addressed by a smart lock of high technology Smart locks have been common to buyers in recent years with many simple technologies, such as magnetic card opening, codes, fingerprints, helping to eliminate the hassle of conventional mechanical locks being kept Remote administration via a smartphone application You can completely control the door, give remote permission to close and unlock via the smartphone application with the smart lock that can be unlocked through an internet link to the phone Secure the house Consumers can be safer with security features by using smart locks: sound alert when a powerful external force impacts the lock, instantly disable when an incorrect password has been entered several times If you are a forgetful person, before leaving home, the smart lock would warn you to lock the door III REFERENCES: AVSystem, 2019 What is IoT architecture? [Online] Available at: https://www.avsystem.com/blog/what-is-iot-architecture/#:~:text=The%20IoT %20architecture%20for%20the,medical%20intakes%2C%20and%20physical%20activities [Accessed 2020] blog.eduonix, 2019 Top 10 Popular IoT Development Tools [Online] Available at: https://blog.eduonix.com/internet-of-things/top-10-popular-iot-developmenttools/#:~:text=Node%2DRED,integrated%20browser%2Dbased%20flow%20editor [Accessed 2020] data-flair.training, 2020 IoT Hardware | IoT Software – A Complete Tour [Online] Available at: https://data-flair.training/blogs/iot-hardware/#:~:text=IoT%20Hardware%20includes%20a %20wide,support%2Dspecific%20goals%20and%20actions [Accessed 2020] educba, 2020 iot-framework [Online] Available at: https://www.educba.com/iot-framework/ [Accessed 2020] geeksforgeeks, 2020 Architecture of Internet of Things (IoT) [Online] Available at: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/architecture-of-internet-of-things-iot/ [Accessed 2020] tutorialspoint, 2020 Internet of Things - Software [Online] Available at: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/internet_of_things/internet_of_things_software.htm#:~:text=IoT %20software%20addresses%20its%20key,extension%20within%20the%20IoT%20network [Accessed 2020] ... KAA IoT, Cisco IoT Cloud Connect, ZETTA IoT, SAP IoT, IBM Watson, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, etc  List of IoT Framework: Now we will discuss the IoT Framework one by one • KAA IoT Kaa IoT is... of things.” IoT APIs are the points of interaction between an IoT device and the internet and/or other elements within the network Figure 11 : Iot API Examples 2.6 IoT – Software: IoT software... %20architecture%20for%20the,medical%20intakes%2C%20and%20physical%20activities [Accessed 2020] blog.eduonix, 2 019 Top 10 Popular IoT Development Tools [Online] Available at: https://blog.eduonix.com/internet-of-things/top -10 -popular -iot- developmenttools/#:~:text=Node%2DRED,integrated%20browser%2Dbased%20flow%20editor