Tài liệu thiết kế biện pháp kỹ thuật thi công lắp ghép nhà công nghiệp 1 tầng

t , r TS NGUYCNgiT*IHTHAM@hrtbi6N) KS.TA THANHEiNH { { J A rHrET BrFl{ PHAP {E f I{ITH u[TrHrc01{8 rAPOHEP t l A I A r J A lfl|[00il$ il0l|rEP Irmlfi I l-l | -T-l r A' 1t t l NHAXUATBANXAYDLrNG l!!.1 lrrrrrrl -l / Lor NoroAu Corrg nghe -ruy tlryltg tlteo phrftng phtip lrip ,qltepld ntot trortg nhltng cOng rtglte cltfi yefu,hiert dui tt'ortg-\Aytl4tugtlurt clryngr', cdng nghi€p, ddc bi€t trortg rilrt) t'6ng rtghiep ntot tirrg N6 tuo di|'u ki€rt cho r'6ttg nghiep h6u hi€n dui h6a rte()nhsdn nui't.vuy tl4nrg,diiy rthunlr tieit cl6 thi t'6rtg, ttitts nting suA'tluo cl6ng vti ,qitim luo d)rtg t,ti'tt,ti cho cotrg nltun De gifip t'lro t'tirt bO kt thuit t'tiytl4ntgtf rth totirt c'hfnh.rtit' r'tit' thong s6'ltu t'ltortplrto'trg drt khti tlti,ltqp ly, cltilng tdi bi€n soun cuo'rt"Thi07 kA'bierrphtip kl tlruut thi t'ong lup gtrep rrlrt)t'ortg nghi€p nfit tdrrg" ltlnt ttii tiett htortg din ttltlnrg didm co btirt nhu't nu) ngtdi k! thuAt phdi t'dn Trong sdclt clrfirrgtoi t'uttg (ung t'tfttnr)t s6'tdi li€u tt'u cftu rtht(so'tuy, gitip !tb'i dot' t'6 fid sft dryrtgcld tlri€t ke'nrbt d6 dn ttdng tt.t.Stit'h citrtg tltitrg cle'ltint '.,' lieu hoc tup cho sirrhvi|rt t'tit'ttgdr*,rdy dtng t'6rtg tt'inltt,d nhlffig ui qtrurt ' ,,,t cl€it t'orrg t,i€t'.ruy tlmrg Tltunr giu bi€rr soun tdi li€u rfiy gdm r'6: TS Nguy[n Dinh Thtim t'hti tt'i t,d - ' P l r t i r Ir, K S T u T h u n h B i r t ht , i A 7P h c i nI L Do t'6n lt kinh nghiAnt vt) ldn diiu nrcit hun doc'nAn t'htit't'6n rt?'tnhi6n "i klttry€7.Nhn?g l//'c6ng t;i€c,t'hilng toi c{.rntunhtlun vi€7ru mong bun doc ',/ r'//i ldng bd cluu vt) g6p i dd ltin trii htin phut'rtr! bun dot'dtdc t6't hon - toi ,rirt clttin thdnh c'cimdn st hqt tdt' qui hdu d6 cila t'rit,bun Crlc tr{cgii F lll ff tl &1, ' A \ - PHAN 1- LY THUYET THIfT K6 PHUONGAx THI COXCLAP GHEP NHA COXCNGHIEP1 TANG : PHAN ricu DAcordu cOxc rnixn De c6 thd chon phuong 6n hop ly, ngudi thidt kd phii hidu sAu sdc d[c didm cOng ::.rii Khi tim hidu c6ng trinh, cdn di sAuvho c6c chi tidt sau: - Kfch thudc mat bang bidu hiOn bang sd nhip, so budc, k(ch thudc cia cdc nhip L, - -.i btrdc cot B (ndu L< 15m lh nhd loai nh6, cdn L > 15m lh nhd khdu lon) vd ndn r.:" \eu hay ch6c,dd tU d6 dinh hucrngchon loai cdn truc bdnh xfch hay b6nh hoi - Giai ph6p rnf,t b6ng, so khe bien d?ng, ciich bd tri nhip d?ng song song hay vudng : tao thhnh hinh chfr L hay chfr T lhm co s&chon phin doan thi cdng - Chi0u cao cfia cOngtrinh lay til cot 0.00 (m4t ndn) ddn ddu cdt, vai c6t, dinh gihn, j : n6c dd dinh hu6ng chon cdn truc Loai cao tr0n 10m, thap du6i 10m - D4c didm cdu kiOn ld be rong cot th6p hay th6p Chi tidt liOn kdt mdi ndi bu l6ng :.: hay moi ndi udt (yeu to quyet dinh ddn cdng nghe thi c6ng) C6c th6ng sd vd cdu L -: hinh ddng,kich thudc, lugng dac biOtchf f ddn cau kiOnkh6 l6p (n4ng,cao, t : \loi liOnquan gifra lap gh6p thiet bi c6ng nghg ctradAy chuydn sin xuat vdi l5p gh6p FT.: r o c0ng trinh Thf tu trudc, sau hay kdt hqp Ndu cdn thi phii c6 h6i nghi bdn pr -'ng 6n thi c6ng gifra don vi xay dung ve bon l5p m6y dd c6 su phdi hqp nhip nhing - Fhin tfch didu kiOn thi c6ng gdm dlc didm: mit bang thi cOngc6 gi bi han chd, ldi u,.u-khong gian, ndn dat (ydu hay chSc)duong xe vAn chuydn mdy m6c, cau ki0n l,: ca su phAn t(ch dac didm c6ng trinh duoc thd hien trOn bin vE so d6 lip gh6p cr.i tdnh (g6- mQt mit bdng vA cdc mit cit) Trong d6 thd hiOn rd c\c k;i hi6u cau h :'- ,.i trf l6p cua n6 c6ng trinh rtrarcAr sOod lAp cHEpcOrc rnixn I iu rtpx Ir.THoNcrE cAu rrpx viec thong k0 cau ki€n nhdm tdng hcrpkhor ,u.-r:.ons'i€c girip ngud'ithiet I hinh dung duoc tinh phric t?p cria cdng trinh re nr: j.r:r luorre.Thongke dua ydo bj vE so d'dl5p gh6p sOkhOngbo s6t nhat ld voi nhieu :au kien giong v€ hinh diir songc6 nhidu chi tiet kh6c bi€t nhin thay vd khong nh)n rhar Cau ki0n thdng k0 duoc ghi vho bang 1.1 gdm c6 cdc c6t chfnh sau: Bfrng1.1 Hinh d:ing kich thu6c Cot 1: Thri tu cau kiOnnOnghi theo tr)nh tu l6p gh6p c6c cau kiOn Cot 2: Ghi ten cau kiOn thudrrggoi khu theo mA hiOu hd so thidt kd (KT, KC, lCr Vi du cot bien C,, c6t biOng6c C,,,,cQt gilra C,, c6t giira hdng hi0n Crn,c6t gilra :.:.3nhiOtC2i,, );xem hinh 1.1 Cot 3: VE hinh d6ng ciia cau kiOn dd de nhAn d+ng tr6n j -' ghi ba kich thudc l.p,b"r, h"r l - chidu dhi cau ki0n vu6ng g6c tay cdn truc; r-.i - chidu dhy cau kiOntrong mat phing ddng chrlatay cdn; :r, - chidu cao cdu ki0n theo phucrngthing doi D0 phAn biet /, b, h, ta cdn cr,ivho trang th6i cdu ki€n i , ,Scziul6p, lay kfch thudc ldn nhat Cot - Don vi tfnh li c6i, chidc(sd ddm) ,lot - Sd lugng tinh theo so dem cira tirng rnd hiOu cau kiOn ,lot - Trong lugng lay theo Catal6don vi lh tan, lay chinh x6c saudau phdy m6t sd l,rt - Tich cfra c6t vdi c6t l,rt - Ghi chri nhlrng dAc didm ctra cau ki€n nhu: c6 quai cdu hay kh6ng c6 quai? i :l\i chot cdu?gia cudng cau kiOnkhuechdai ? _HON THIET BI TREO BUOC - ::r cft vlo h)nh ddng cau ki6n vh dung cu sdn c6 ta chon ciic thidt bi treo bu6c thfch chon dudng kinh dAy c6p, kich thudc thidt bi, chidu kd rin ing : ::' CAU e Treo buOccOt l-.:t bi treo bu6c cOtc6 thd chon c6c loai sau: a) b) c) 'Thi€t bi rreo huot' Hinh 1.2: Thanh th6pchffU; 4.Dai ma s6t cAp;3 Day l Ddn treo; + DAy cdu k6p buOctheo cdch br"roctrbng (hinh l.2a) ndu c6t nho Q < 500kg Kh6ng c6 vai hay 16chi chdt thi c6ng; + DAy cdu hai nh6nh c6 vdnh khuyOndDngv6i c6t c6 16cdi chot thi c6ng c6 thOdilng chot kho6 b6n tu dQng(hinh l.2b); + Dai kep ma sdt c6t c6 vai (hinh l.2c) Luc cing dAy c6p tinh theo c6ng thfrc: S _ m.KQ.r n cos0" Trong d6: K: h0 sd an tohn, lay k = + m: h€ sd kd den sfc cdng day khOngddng ddu Ldy: m - 1,0 dAy chd tao tai nhh mdy chuy6ndirng; m = 1,2 ddy chd tao tai xu&ng gia c6ng n: so nhdnh diy treo vAt (n - 2); 0': g6c gifra soi cdp vh dAy doi (ct = 0); Til S tra bing (xem phu luc 1) chon D day cdp U T f -ir b) Treo buOc ddm cdu chay Yi kh0ng c6 quai cdu, nOn ddm cdu ch?y thudng duoc treo bdng hai dAr cau kJp ;.' r.:od bdn tu dQng & hai ddu c6ch ddu mrit khoing 0,1L, sau d6 dirng cdu hai moc de jng lOn, nhdnh cdp cira dAy cdu phii tao v6i duong n6m ngang mQt g6c a > J5' de rdnh luc doc phdt sinh lon (hinh 1.3) A \7 (t 9l ,4' h*'-l ^ll-, /_\, \l LJ Hinh 1.3:Treobubc'cliimt'dutrryt' 1.Th6pdQm;2.Daycdu;3 Kh6a;4 dng ludncr{p Luc cdng day c6p tinh theo c6ng thrfc t'\ :ong KQ ffi = chondAyc6ptheobAng1 (phUlgc) c) Treo bu0c dhn :ung Tuj' theo kfch thudc vh lugng cua dhn ta c6 thd ding ddn treo d?ng xi (hinh l.-tra) hay ddntreod?trgdln (hinh 1.4b).Som6c cduc5 thdle 2hodc4 Hinh 1.4: Thi€t bi treo budc'ddn ntdi Luc cf,ng dAy crip tfnh theo c6ng thric: Sl = KQ 2sino S,, = KQ c) sin s G6c cr phAi chon cho h,ocira dbn treo khdng lcrnqu6 lirm tang chidu ddi tay cdn, nhung cfrng khong nh6 qud l)m luc n6n phdt sinh gAy mat dn dinh cira cau kiOn cfrng nhu xh ddn Til cdch treo budc ta quydt dinh phuong 6n gia cuhng cau ki0n (xem s6ch K! thuAtxay dqng tqp2 - COngt6clap gh6p vh xAy gach ddt -: (^ -;, -.1i_ , : - [ d) Treo buOc Panel sin, m6i Khi treo bu6c panen shn, m6i thi tu! theo kich thudc cua cau ki€n ta c6 thd chon chilm dAy cdu 4,6 hodc m6c (hinh 1.5) t_) \c b) Tr H i nh l 5.Treo budc panen mdi Chidu dhi cira dAy c6p chon cho g6c nghiOngo so v6i m6t bang ldn hon 45" (cr ) 45') Dd luc cdng cdc ddy c6p b[ng thi chim dAy cdu phii c6 co cdu tu cAnbdng theo nguyOnt6c ttng ddi mOt LUc cing duoc tfnh theo cOngthric: S _ 10 KQ m.n srnc[ -**-fllll Trong d6: C6'cdai lucrnSldy nhu dd trinh bdy o tren, song cdn chri y tinh luc cdng ,ua l6p dOynho thi lay sdnhiinh day n tuong fng v6i mit c6t ldp day d6 e) Treo bu0c tdm tudng cfra sd :an, ,ng ich Cau kien tudng thudng c6 quai cdu (rat hidm gap c5 sd quai cdu nhidu hon) n6n :-rthudng ding dAy cdu hai m6c tuctngfrng vdi sd quai cdu cria cau ki6n L\rc cang dAy -in tfnh theo cdns thric: S - 19n KQ sin cr O day chon cr = 400+ 50o Neu dAy cdu c6 sa-nta dtrngc6ng thfic: S_ mkQ ,Ff, Trong d6: ffi, k, Q nhu dd trinh bhy & tron; L - khoAngcdch gifra hai quaicdu; / - chiOuddi -15" jtu Hinh 1.6: Treo bu6c tdnt tudng Saukhi chon cdc thi€t bi treo budc ta c6 thd bidt duoc rrong lugng crta cdcth^dt bi d6 :_ r Ndu kh6ng bidt chinh xdc tac6 thd udc lugnrgg,uS 0,1 e"o l1 cACrsONc sd cAu r-AP rv.xAc Dr-NH tacdn x6c dinh c6c thong sd tdi thidu Dd c6 co s& chon cdn truc mQt c6chchinh x6c ta cdn goi ld th6ng sd yOu cdu R'"' Qv"' cdn truc phai d6p tmg, R.in, Q.in, H.in, L*,n hay Hu.,Ly Trong d6: thidu cdn truc phii nang duoc; Qr = Q.r.* g,ulh stlc nang toi hinh hinh l'7); Hr = Hn, * h.6p= H' + a + h'k * htn* h'un(xem mdy dfngt H,_-chidu cao vi trf l6p cau kiOntinh til mdt ibang a = 0,5 + lm; a - chidu cao nAngb6ng cdu kiOn trOnvi trf l6p : R , -; -11 a- i;O \-: Tro h.* - chidu cao cfia cdu kiOn; h,n- chidu cao thidt bi treo bu6c; cdu tdi PulYddu cdn h"np2 1,5 m; h.6n- chidu ,Cdi dAy cdp cdn truc tinh til m6c - \ E rf)r ::nhth tl Trc Hinh 1.7: T hbngs6'IdPghdP r2 + Cdu ddn nhip bi€n; B6n kfnh cdu nh6 nhat cfia cdu li Rn,in= m Cdn cdu phii cdu vAt nAng P = 10,3tan tra bing th6ng so cdn truc ta c6 : = 9,8 m Rn.,"* Cdn cri vho kich thudc cu thd cria dhn ,panel m6i vh mat blng nhtp gifra ta c6 vi trf :au lap cua cdn cdu nhu hinh ve,2.ll 3.3 Kt thudt tdp - ChuAnb'i: S,r::khi dE co dinh vrnh vi6n chAnc6t, tien hhnh vach cdc dudtrgtim truc d€ic6ng I;- =: ;-:: Jrio-cnhanhch6ng chfnh x6c.Gd l6p c6c dung cq dirju chinh vh co dinh tanr;:., ::: .iiroc cdu ddn Treo buOcdhn dirng ddn treo bf,ng th6p, treo bdi di€jmtai cac nJt dan cdnh thuong, tai d6 c6 gia co chong vd c6t cuc bO cdu Bo trf cdc phrrongtiOn d€jcho cdng nhAn dung thi cOngcdc liOn kdt din v6i h€ ket cauciranha txernhinh 2.17,hinh 2.18) - Cdu ldp vd co dinh tam: co dinh tam dhn nhip gifra vh biOnboi di€im,sir dung c6c thanhgiang c6nh thuong; riOng2 dhn ddu tiOnkhi l6p co dinh tarn bdng cdc tang dAy n6o,cfrngco dinh rn6i ddn didm: didm ddu, I didrn gifra d)n - Kidm tra didu chinh: kidm tra v) didu chinh thane dr-inscfra ddn vi tr( cao trinh datd)n - Cd dinh Vinh ciru: sau didu chinh ki€rn tra neu to)n bO cdc yOu cdu ky thuAt :heo thiet kd da dat, tien hhnh c6 dinh rinh viOn dhn bang cdc h0 giang c6nh lhucrng,c6nh ha, vd giang d,rng Ldp ghep panel mrii 4.1 So dd van chuydn cdu liip Cho cAncau E-2508 (L = 30m m6 phu l' = 7,5rn)ch+ygifranhip nhh (xem hinh 2.11) 4.2 Xdc dinh vi tri ilat cdu Vi tri dat cdu xilc dinh theo b6n kinh vdi nh6 nhat vi l6n nhat cira cdiuvdi iugngvAt cdu, vi tr( dat dhn vi kbo vi panelm6i + Cdu punel nhip gi{ra: B6n kinh cdu nh6 nhat cira cdu lir Rn,in= m Cdn cdu phii cdu vAt n4ng P = 2,65 tan, han che dO cao H - 27,3m; tra bing th6ng socdn truc ta c6 : Rn,.* = 23 m Cdn cri vdo k(ch thudc cu thd cfra d)rn, panel m6i vd mat bang nhip gifra ta c6 vi tri :du l6p ciracdn cdu nhu hinh 2.17 + Criu panel nhip hi€n; Bdn kinh cdu nh6 nhat cfia cdu ld R,"in= m 19 .= Cdn cdu phAi cAuvAt n4ng P = 2,,65tan, han chd dO caoH-27 ,3m; tra bAng th6ng so cdn truc ta c6 I Rn,"*- 27,5 m 4.3 Ki thutit kip Chudn bi: Sau de cd dinh vinh viOn dhn, tidn hdnh treo bu6c cdc tam rndi (tam duoc treo boi didm) ding puli tu cAnbang (xem hinh 2.17,hinh 2.lB) Cdu l6p vd co dinh tam: liry cdc tam m6i tt bi6n den cua trdi chf y tru6c 16pcdn vach chfnh x6c c6cvi tri panel trOndhn - tr6nh bi kich ddn lap tarn cudi cing sdt cua trdi; tr0n cua trdi lap til ddu cua trdi sangddu bOnkia Kidm tra didu chinh: kidm tra vd didu chinh panel vdo vi trf theo thiet ke C6 dinh vrnh crlu: sau didu chinh kidm tra ndu to)rnb0 c6c yOu cdu k! thuAt thec thiet kd da dat, tidn hdnh co dinh Vinh viOnpanel bang hdn c6c tam m6i vho chi tidt ch6r: sdn tr€n ciinh thucrng Ldp gh6p tdm tudng 5.1 So d6 vdn chuydn cdu ldp Cho cdn cdu KX-4361(L - 25m) ch?y doc biOnnhb (phia ngohi nh) xem hinh 2.1' v) hinh 2.20) 5.2 Xdc ilinh vi tri dat cdu Vi trf dat cdu x6c dinh theo b6n kfnh v6i nh6 nhat vir l6n nhat cua cdu vdi tron lugng vAt cdu, vi tri tAp kdt cau kiOn = 7.5 m Bdnkinh cAunho nhatciraciiu lir Rn,in Cdn cdu phii cdu vAtn{ng P = 1,55tan, han che cao H=20,5m;tra bringthOngs cAntruc ta c6 I R',"*= 15 m Can cf vdo kfch thudc cu thd cfia tam tudng vd mat blng bo tri cau kiOn ta c5 vi t: cdu l5p cua cdn cdu nhu hinh 2.20 5.3 Kt thuat ldp Chudn bi: Sau da dd giang m6ng, tAp ket tam tudng den vi tr( l6p bang cdc xe t6, treo buOcblng cdp vh puli tU cAnbdng vdi didm treo Cdu l6p vh co dinh tam: liry c6c tam tam tudng til dudi len trOn;m5i vi trf dfrng c;, l6p budc cot Kidm tra di6u chinh: kidm tra vh didu chinh panel vho vi tr( theo thidt kd Cd dinh vrnh criu: sau didu chinh kidm tra neu tohn b6 c6c yOu cdu k! thuAt tht thidt kd da dat, tidn hdnh cd dinh Vinh vi6n panel bang hhn cdc tam vho chi tidt ch6n s: c6t vd hhn cdc tam tulng vdi 50 t If,- Hinh 2.19 Lto c'hon so d6 cli chuyen ctfu c'ho tum tudng (SLrclung toi clatiirn v(yildng h0 so Ks6 ) t t lvi tri ciiu co the{lip dit cltrcrc-5btrtlc cot E CAT6-6 Hinh 2.20: Cdu kip tdm tudng 51 rV Ki THUAT AN ToAN LAO oONc TRoNG LAPGHEP - C6ng t6,c1apgh6pthudng tien hdnh tren cao, d6 nhlrng c6ng nhAn l6p gh6p car vu mdi tren cao chc c6 sfic kh6e tot kh6ng bi ch6ng mxr, nhrltcddu Khi giao nhi6m chu d6o cho ho c6ng nhAn,c6n b6 kl thuat ph6i phd bien c6c bien ph6p an tohn that - Cdn cung cap cho c6ng nhan lhm viec d tren cao nhlrng trang bi qudn iio ldm vi€' day lung day xfc: ri.ng, gon ghng,gidy kh6ng tro'n,gang tay d0y l.nrg an toirn.Nhlrng an todn vho nhiman rodnphai chiu duoc luc tinh tdi 300kg Nghiom cam vi€c m6c day ket cau chua liOnket ch6c chdn,khOngdn dinh' - Khi cau ki€n duoc cdu l€n cao 0,5m phii dung lai it nhit lh I -2 phrit ad tidm tra d an todn cira m6c treo - Kh6ng dfng dudi cau kiOndang cdu, dang lap' - Tho lap dd'ngd6n cau kien ph(angodi b6n kinh quay - C6c dudng di lai qua khu vuc dang tidn hdnh l6p gh6p phai duoc ngdn cin Br' bio v0) nghy phii cim bidn cam di lai, ban dem phii thap ddn d6 (holc phai c6 ngudi - Duhng d6y di6n kh6ng duoc ch?y qua khu vuc dang tien hhnh lap gh6p, ndu khdr tr6nh dtrocthi dAy b6t bu6c phii di ngdm - NghiOmcam c6ng ntrAnd.rngtrOnc6c cdu kiOndang cdu lap' - C6cm6c cdu non c6 l6p an tohn dd day cdu kh6ng tudt khoi m6c Khdng duoc k' ' ngang var tir dAu clin bang c6ch cuon day l-roicquay tay cAn vi nhu vay c6 thd ldm cdn truc - Kh6ng ducc ph6p deo vAt vho ddu cdn thdi gian nghi gidi lao' - Chi duoc ph6p thdo dd m6c cdu khoi cau kiOnkhi cau ki€n di co dinh tam dO dinh cfra cau kiOn d5 duoc bAo dArn - Nhfrng cdu shn cdng t6c dd thi c6ng c6c mdi noi d6 phai chac chin, liOn kdt vi: vhng, phai c6 hdng rho taY vin cao lm Khe h& gitra m6p cia shn t'Ji cdu ki kh6ng duoc vugt qud 10cm - Phei thudng xuyOntheo d6i, sriachfrac6c sdnvh cdu c6ng t6c' - NghiOm cam vioc di lai tren c6nh thudng cria ddn vi kbo, ddm vd cdc gia I'i Chi duoc ph6p di lai tren ciinh ciia ddn diy c6p da dua cau kiOn viro thing cao trOn 1m - Cdn c6 bi6n phdp bio vO chdng s6t tam thdi cho c6c c6ng trinh l6p gh6p trOn c dat Bi6n ph6p dirng pfrd Uidn nhat lh ding day d6n t?m, c6t thu lOi bang kim loai ndi 52 oa F- a.l t oo oo s (.) '.^ I N cd bO " .O rv N