SKKN some experience to organize games for grade 5 efficiency

1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Reason to choose the topic Vietnamese society is growing day by day, going up on par with other countries in the world To keep up with the times, to keep up with human civilization, it is necessary for the younger generation to have intellectuals and knowledge to study and research in the fields of science, sociology, economics One important means to help the younger generation is knowing foreign languages Therefore, the Ministry of Education and Training of Vietnam has been continuously improving the quality of teaching and learning foreign languages through comprehensive innovation At the beginning of the school year, Thanh Hoa Department of Education and Training, Thanh Hoa Department of Education and Training sent a letter requesting the implementation of the project "Teaching and learning foreign languages in the national education system in the period of 2008-" 2020 ”according to Decision No 1400 / QD-TTg dated September 30, 2008 of the Prime Minister Implementing the pilot of intensive English teaching in grades 3, 4, 5(4 periods / week) in most of the primary schools in Thanh Hoa city Therefore, English is now an almost compulsory subject in elementary school It is no longer new and strange for students, this subject has received the attention of parents and students, and they have felt the need of the subject when applied in practice life and economic - social fields Therefore, every elementary school student who is good at English is not only communicating and teaching according to the materials available in textbooks, instruction manuals but also need to innovate teaching methods students' activism and initiative are student-centered Therefore, teachers have to inspire their learning by engaging them in learning activities, helping them acquire knowledge and ability to use language in communication in a way easily, consolidating and inculcating knowledge firmly, giving them the passion and interest in learning In the trend of global integration of society today, it is very necessary to equip yourself with a good knowledge of foreign languages, especially English Learning Language is very popular not only with working people, having to use foreign languages to communicate at work but it is also very necessary for elementary students, who will soon be employers of the country With the above situation, each student must from now on equip themselves with a basic foreign language knowledge suitable for the grade and grade level.With such a particularly important and necessary role, however, learning Foreign language of students is not really focused and not uniform among regions, between students Many students are indifferent, dislike the subject The majority of students' psychology is afraid of each subject The number of weak students in the subject is always high As a primary school teacher, who teaches English directly, he has been teaching for nearly 18 years During the years of work assigned by the school administration to teach in all grades from grade to grade When teaching each grade myself, I have difficulties but my heart I love the profession and love, I have explored learning from my colleagues, friends, on newspapers and the mass media to overcome Looking back on my teaching history over the past few years, one of the classes that I initially thought would be the easiest to perform my professional work with the least difficulty on the contrary, I had a lot of difficulties: It was grade I was thinking about the bad academic results of the students myself I thought and found many methods and tricks during the teaching process I taught myself and with my colleagues' suggestions, I finally overcame difficulties, but one of the ways I found most effective was “Some experience to organize games for grade efficency” 1.2 Objectives and tasks of the topic In recent years, education has focused on promoting innovation of content and teaching directions Implement effectively foreign language teaching under the new program Organizing teaching in the direction of activities, promoting students' activeness, initiative and creativity English is an independent subject, unlike other subjects Because outside of class time, the children receive little tutoring or support from the family Primary school students are students aged to 11 years old The children are young, their bodies are in a period of change, their temperament is also changing, they like to learn the unknown but they also quickly forget, quickly get bored, easily lose concentration, leading to not wanting to learn So for elementary students to absorb and remember well what they have learned in class, they must be excited and love the subject Especially in English, in addition to remembering the meaning of words, they also have to remember the sentence structure, remember how to read and remember the characters in the words they have learned That is why they think that learning English is a difficult task for them, causing them to be frightened, afraid to speak and afraid to be wrong They lack confidence in their abilities and they have many difficulties in learning To help elementary school students get used to and love English for the first time So the teacher must give them the passion and interest in learning to simplify the content so that it is suitable for elementary school age, giving them a lively and fun learning atmosphere Looked and excited, actively actively creative in learning To this, the teacher must play the role of a facilitator and guide to help them absorb quickly and remember long That's why I have incorporated games into my lecture to help students be more interested in English lessons In the 2020-2021 school year, I have applied a number of methods to help students remember vocabulary as well as the method of using visual aids, the method of using games and they have a capital Rich knowledge of vocabulary In the course of such teaching and applying, I find that: - "Games" is an activity that children enjoy the most - The games have rich content, use interesting and useful language to suit their perception When we offer games in an English class on a regular and scientific basis, the quality of teaching English will certainly increase That is why I have chosen this experience initiative 1.3 Research subjects The school year 2020-2021 is assigned by the school management to teach grade English, I choose 5C class and 5th grade textbook as the subject of my research 1.4 Limited scope of research - Students: 5C in Dien Bien Primary School - Duration: From September 2020 to the end of April 2021 - Documents: Textbooks, teachers’ books, game materials 1.5 Research Methods In order to conduct research on this topic, I have read, explored and referenced a number of materials that refer to games After research, find out and draw conclusions to see which games are suitable for the age of elementary school students I organize and conduct use of the games during my teaching hours In addition, I also exchanged ideas with colleagues about the purpose, how to organize the games in the most scientific way Finally, review the lessons learned and suggest appropriate play and rules for elementary students First semester of 2020-2021: Studying the situation of class as well as psychology of students combining suitable games for each type of lesson Second term of school year 2020-2021: Continue to implement ideas and surveys to collect feedback from students and through the test results of the subject at the end of the semester compared with each other to verify the effectiveness of Change teaching methods Summarizing the process of testing new methods, discovering positives and limitations, thereby elaborating the detailed outline of the topic and proceeding to write into experiences CONTENT 2.1 Rationale For many years now, since the beginning of education reform, the teaching method has changed a lot Education Law - 2005 (Article 5) stipulates that "education methods must promote positive, self-conscious, proactive, creative thinking of learners, fostering learners with self-studying ability and real ability Onions, passion for learning and the will to rise up” Student-centered learning has been applied to promote student activism in the learning process From this aroused a movement to improve teaching methods among teachers The previous method of literacy in the teaching process has been excluded even being heavily criticized There are many new teaching methods that teachers have applied such as for students to work in pairs to practice as well as discuss to explore discovering a problem in learning Learning in the form of games has also been applied by many teachers In 2008, the Ministry of Education also launched the movement "Building friendly schools, active students" to educational units across the country, From this movement, to build a happy atmosphere in In the classroom, in teaching subjects in general, especially in English, teachers have promoted the combination of many games in their teaching process The project "Teaching and learning foreign languages" in the national education system was approved by the Prime Minister in 2008 Especially in this project, teaching and learning English is extremely important, especially the Teaching for teenagers and children There are golden rules in teaching English to children and teenagers, who are young, to teach and learn English effectively One of those principles is: Play more than teach In this principle, the class teacher may not follow a certain lesson plan but the main idea is to create a diversified, colorful playground in English for students Master the playground and gradually master the various activities 2.2 Reality Through the process of directly teaching the 5C class, through the self-survey results of the students' academic results over the recent school year, compared with the results of other classes, I see the percentage of students who are weak of the 5C class is usually much higher than other classes Wondering about such a situation, I conducted a student survey and directly discussed with the students in my class to teach and conducted a student quality survey to find out what Basic reason of the above situation * Poll content: (After weeks at the beginning of the new school year) Please cross it to the column that suits you: Question Content of questions s Do you like to study English? Are you afraid of this subject? Did you find it boring to study this subject? Do you feel less fear and less learning pressure when teachers apply games during teaching? Do checking new invitations and structures frighten me? Yes No * Results of the survey of 40 students in 5C in school year 2020 - 2021 are: Questions Total Rate % Yes 27 67, 5 No 13 Yes 32 No Yes 29 No 11 Yes 34 No Yes 33 No 22,5 80 20 72,5 27,5 85 15 82,5 17,5 The results of the survey of 5C students show that: Most of the students starting to get familiar with this subject are not interested in the subject because they not understand the lesson leading to the subject, pale The main reason why students dislike the subject is because they have to be afraid to study it because they have to memorize new words and new structures * The results of the quality survey show that the number of weak students in the 5C English course is very high, accounting for 22/40 = 55% In order to reduce the fear of having to study this subject, which leads to poor student achievement, and to reduce the stress and pressure in every English lesson, I have boldly incorporated the games in the part of the lesson that I have learned through my own knowledge, through learning from my friends and colleagues and on the mass media, mainly through English-language Web sites 2.3 Solutions and measures a Objective of solutions and measures In recent years, education has focused on promoting innovation of content and teaching directions Implement effectively foreign language teaching under the new program Organizing teaching in the direction of activities, promoting students' activeness, initiative and creativity English is an independent subject, unlike other subjects Because outside of class time, the children receive little tutoring or support from the family Primary school students are students aged to 11 years old Young children, their bodies are in a period of change, their temperament is also changing, they like to learn the unknown but they also quickly forget, quickly get bored, easily lose concentration, leading to not wanting to learn Elementary students who acquire and remember well what they have learned in class must be excited and enjoy the subject Especially in English, in addition to remembering the meaning of words, they also have to remember the sentence structure, remember how to read and remember the characters in the words they have learned That is why they think that learning English is a difficult task for them, causing them to be frightened, afraid to speak and afraid to be wrong They lack confidence in their abilities and they have many difficulties in learning To help elementary school students get used to and love English for the first time So the teacher must give them the passion and interest in learning to simplify the content so that it is suitable for elementary school age, giving them a lively and fun learning atmosphere Looked and excited, actively actively creative in learning To this, the teacher must play the role of a facilitator and guide to help them absorb quickly and remember long That's why I have incorporated games into my lecture to help students be more interested in English lessons b Content and implementation of solutions and measures Play is an activity whose motivation is in the process of the game itself, not in the outcome of the game Games are a popular type of play, according to the rules of the game The game itself is the rules that define the purpose, results and requirements of the game action, the rules of the game must be clear A learning game is a game whose rules include the rules associated with internal using the lesson, helping students exploit their own experience to play Through play, students can apply the knowledge and skills they learned in the situation of the game Therefore, students can practice strengthening, expand knowledge and skills they have learned As such, the study skills of English are incorporated into the game It can be said: Play is an essential need for elementary school students, it is important as eating, sleeping, studying in their lives That's why they always find ways and take advantage of time in all conditions to play Being able to play, they will participate in a very selfconscious and active manner, when playing, they will show affection very clearly, like the joy of winning and sadness of failure Glad to see the teammates complete the mission, the students themselves feel sorry for not being able to their tasks well Because of the collective, they overcome difficulties and strive their best to bring the victory to the team, including themselves This is the very high emulation characteristic of the games, students often use their full strength, focus attention, intelligence and creativity student activities, helping students acquire knowledge voluntarily and positively Help students train, consolidate knowledge and develop experience gained through play Learning games train skills, techniques, promote intellectual activities, thanks to the use of learning games, the teaching process becomes a fun activity but still more attractive, more diverse opportunities for activities , the game is not only a medium but also an educational method Some games in English lessons in elementary school: Organize games during class hours: In order for games to be highly effective during class time, when organizing and designing games, the following principles must be ensured: - Game design during English lesson: Organizing learning games to teach English in general and English subjects in elementary schools in particular, we must rely on lesson content, time conditions in each specific lesson to make the games suitable well suited If you want to organize games in teaching English effectively, every English teacher must have a careful, thorough preparation plan and ensure the following requirements: + The game has an educational meaning + The game must aim to strengthen and inculcate lesson content + The game must be suitable to the mentality, the student's level, the ability of the instructor and the school's facilities + The form of the game must be rich and varied and must be well prepared and meticulous + The game must create excitement and passion for learning for students - The structure of learning games: + Name of the game + Purpose of the game: State clearly the purpose to review and consolidate knowledge and skills The purpose of the game dictates the play action designed within the game + Game supplies: Describe game equipment used in learning games + The rules of the game: should state the rules of the game, specify the rules of the game that are prescribed for the players, the rules of the game + Number of players: Need to specify the number of participants in each game + How to play: Stating clearly, specifically and simply of each game - How to organize the game: - Time to conduct the game: Usually from 5-7 minutes - How to play: First, introduce the game to name the game, guide how to play by both describing and practicing and stating the rules of play - Play try to guide and emphasize the rules of the game - Conduct real play: Students participate in the game and teachers become referees - Commenting on the results of the game, the attitude of the attendees, the teacher can add knowledge learned through the game and mistakes to avoid - End of the game: Rewarding and distracting game rules so that the player accepts comfortably and voluntarily makes the game more attractive and stimulating learning for students Penalize students who violate the rules of the game with simple but fun methods such as clapping, jumping, singing a song, or greeting the winning students - Introduce some games to learn English in elementary school: * Note: This game can also send a good friend to read any words that have just been written on the board for you to hear and identify and slap the picture with the words you have read Game 1: Lucky number - Purpose: Creating an exciting, focused atmosphere during class time - Preparation: Teachers prepare a number of questions, answers that stick to the lesson content and not need to prepare any supplies - How to play: The teacher draws a board of 15 squares and writes in there any 15 natural numbers, which corresponds to those 12 questions that students have to answer, while sentences are numbers Luck called Lucky number Every lucky number is every 10 points and there are no questions - Game rules: The teacher divides the class into teams and names, each team sends a team leader to jail to see who gets the right to choose first and in the group to discuss deciding which number to choose, If you choose to answer a question, the teacher will read the question and the whole group has to discuss and find the answer for the group leader to read, and the correct answer is 10 points; If the wrong team is answered In turn to the other team select the box, if selected on the lucky box, there is no need to answer the question; Clap and congratulate and get lucky score of 10 points - End of the game: The team that scores more points wins that team, when the team selects the Lucky number box will be given a round of applause * Note: You can change to increase the competition, create an exciting atmosphere by specifying points, 12 out of 15 plots have points, plots have 10 points and one special area gets 20 points Game 2: Hangman - Purpose: Create an atmosphere of excitement and enthusiasm for learning to help students review and test their vocabulary - Preparation: No need to prepare any utensils - How to play: General implementation steps: The teacher suggests the number of words to guess by the number of dashes on the board Eg: HEADACHE Ask students to guess with the words in the word If the student guesses incorrectly, the teacher makes brick (according to the order in the picture) If the student guesses wrong times then loses, the teacher answers the word According to the general implementation steps as above, this game has no competition between the two teams Therefore, during the implementation, most of the teachers have modified a bit to increase the appeal for the game For example, the teacher could divide the class into teams and the teacher would prepare different word groups for the teams, the team with the more answers would win that team Alternatively, the teacher could divide the class into teams, giving the teams a choice of words and puzzles (team on team 2; team on team 3; team on team 4; team on team 1) Having students fill the game themselves is also a way to increase student autonomy while reducing the workload for teachers in the classroom Divide the class into or teams and label each team under the gallows that the teacher drew on the board What is the topic topic for the teacher today? Tell students to look for a 5-letter word, and then have one volunteer go to the board to write down the word and read it aloud to the class Continuing the second series, each team chooses a volunteer to write on the board the words they find according to the number of letters the teacher asks - Game rules: Must find the right word with the required number of letters and spelled correctly, the wrong team will be written a stroke on the gallows of their team, if the wrong team in times is lost Or the losing team is the team that completes a completed person on the gallows first - Finish the game: Give a round of applause to congratulate the winning team * Note: Each team has no stroke on every team Game 3: Bingo - Purpose: To consolidate, inculcate knowledge, attract students to study passionately - Preparation: No need to prepare utensils - How to play: Play checkered style The teacher draws on the board 16 or 20 squares, consisting of vertical and horizontal boxes and the teacher fills in any 20 numbers, of which 20 have the corresponding 20 questions defined according to the lesson content , divide into teams and specify that team A marks X, team B marks O First each team nominates team leader to select the number of teachers will mark with the symbol of that team in the box There, and read the set question in each box for the 10 other team to answer In the end, the team that selects the box in which their symbols are lined up and shouts loudly is Bingo - Finish the game: Give a round of applause to congratulate the winning team Game 4: Slap blackboard - Purpose: + Practice reading and consolidating skills to listen back to learned words and face recognition + Practice quick reflexes in the children - Preparation: No need to prepare any utensils - How to play: The whole class sits in place The teacher introduces the name of the game and draws a number of different shapes on the board: circles, triangles, squares, rectangles, rhombus, ellipses and then record some of the newly learned words into the words picture above The teacher put forward that the teacher will read all the words Students stand in front of the board, listen to the teacher reading it and quickly tap on the word - Game rules: Play in pairs, the teacher divides the class into two teams and names each team, one after another for each team to play against the other team's friends The two of you stood in front of the board at a certain distance and listened to the teacher reading and then quickly slapped on the word the teacher had just read on the board, the one who beat quickly and right would bring their team point In another competition, the end is the number of words that the teacher has said before reading - At the end of the game: The team that scores more points will win the team, and the winner will receive a round of applause Game 5: Bee seeks letters + 10 of his bees have the following words, magnet on the back ten two nine one five four seven eight 11 three six - Purpose: Consolidating knowledge, memorizing words and applying skills to use sentence patterns - Preparation: Two 5-petal flowers, each colored one, each number is printed on the petals, the magnet is attached on the back Bee seeks letters 10 Bee seeks letters + Pastels - How to play: Choose teams, children each The teacher divides the board into 2, each with a flower and bees on the bottom in no order, and introduces the game name I have flowers, the petals are numbers, and the bees carry the corresponding letters, their task is to guide the bees to the appropriate number The two teams lined up in two vertical lines, when they heard the "start" signal, one by one they took him back to the appropriate number Then the first friend will continue with the second friend and until the end In the end the team made it fast and it was the team that won - Finish the game: Praise and give a round of applause to the team for doing it right and fast * Note: It is possible to replace the numbers in the petals with English words and vice versa In addition, there may also be an inappropriate word on each flower to see if these bees find their way back and why, how to change them Game 6: Pastimes - Purpose: Test students' vocabulary knowledge, create an atmosphere of excitement in learning - Preparation: No need to prepare any utensils - How to play: The teacher draws suns with sunlight and divides the class into teams at the same time giving each team a single chalk to write on the board any word they have learned, after writing, quickly pass the chalk to the team another friend in my team wrote 12 - The rules of the game: When the command starts, the students in each team quickly write up any word, write only one word at a time and can go up many times, and then pass the chalk to another friend The game ends within 3-5 minutes - Finish the game: Praise and give a round of applause to the team that writes correctly and has more words than the team that won * Note: In the same team, only one word is counted Game 7: Competition clockwise - Purpose: Strengthen listening skills and identify simple time units - Preparation: clock models - How to play: Divide the class into teams, firstly call students to come up to the board to represent your team for a clock model Prepare to turn the clock hand according to the teacher's command When the teacher shouted out an hour in English, all three of them immediately turned the clock hand to be there I turned the slowest or the wrong will be disqualified The second time, teams replaced other players, just like that 7-10 times - Finish the game: Praise and give a round of applause to the team that eliminates the least number of teams to win * Note: For students to play fast, fun and the student's quick response, teachers need to prepare a number of hours on paper to speak without having to think long Game 8: Picking democracy - Purpose: To practice listening and listening skills which are structured in some simple sentence patterns - Preparation: An ornamental plant is attached with colored paper flowers which contain questions in English For example: Where are you from? - How to play: Let the children play in class, taking turns to pick flowers Whoever picked the flower read the question to the whole class and present the answer to the class Those who answer correctly are commended and rewarded - Game rules: Students volunteer to come up to the board to draw questions on the flowers and answer - End of the game: Commend those who answered correctly and quickly Teachers comment on mistakes that students make Game 9: Transmit electricity - Purpose: Help the children check their vocabulary and change the atmosphere in learning - Preparation: No need to be sophisticated, no need to prepare any utensils 13 - How to play: The whole class sits at the spot, the teacher sets the rules of the game and calls starting from a volunteer A stood up and spoke a verb aloud in English, and pointed quickly to any other friend to "Transmit the power" At this time, B must continue to say one verb, if he is correct, then just quickly point at any C to continue the transmission Just that if you say anything wrong, you must hop hop around the class - Finish the game: Praise and reward a round of applause for those who are right and fast * Note: The teacher must distinguish and analyze the correct word for the student first (be it nouns, verbs or adjectives, etc.) for the good, good class and the average class there is no need to distinguish between categories This game does not need to be sophisticated but still creates a fun, exciting and exciting atmosphere in the school time for children 14 2.4 The effectiveness of experience initiatives for educational activities, with themselves, colleagues and the school Here are a few of my little ideas about integrating games into English classes in the 4th grade of the school I teach in the 2020-2021 school year and achieving remarkable results It is also my personal subjective opinion so it cannot avoid restrictions I look forward to the comments, exchanges from comrades, colleagues and experts to myself more and more progressive, more complete and the most effective topic contributing to the cause of education Education and training of young, multi-language foreign languages come close to them, penetrate into life and become an effective and effective communication tool Thereby, accumulated more teaching experience and the art of teaching achieve the highest results that meet the educational requirements in the current period It is reasonable that we have implemented the so-called "Technical General Education, training but comprehensive, useful people for society" 15 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 3.1 Conclusion: * For teachers: In order for an English lesson to achieve good results, teachers must research, design lesson plans in which flexible use of teaching methods be steadfast, responsible in the career of young generation educators and especially creative passion in the career * With students: - Must be well prepared for the lesson Bold, positive, lively in learning - There is a spirit of solidarity and cooperation with friends in class and in playgroup - Forge habits quickly and quickly in study and in life * For the school: - Creating all facilities for teaching and learning - Encourage teachers to be active in applying games in teaching 3.2 Recommendation: - The school: promote the role of professional groups, invest in building and perfecting common games for each class with the same or different subjects Step by step build the stability of the game in teaching learn - Education Department: Frequently open professional activities in the district so that English teachers in schools can exchange and learn from each other, improve their professional qualifications to meet the requirements of innovation References: English book 5, Work book and Teacher's book Method of teaching English in elementary school A handbook summarizing the English language Reference books Games for English teaching CONFIRMATION OF THE HEAD OF THANH HOA EDUCATION AND TRAINING DEPARTMENT 16 Thanh Hoa, 5th April, 2021 I hereby declare that this is my initiative, not copy (The implementer ) Nguyễn Thị Sen EXPERIENCE INITIATIVE SCHOOL YEAR Kinh nghiệm hướng dẫn học sinh số câu đố song ngữ luyện từ Tiếng Anh Kinh nghiệm nâng cao chất lượng dạy học ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh cho học sinh tiểu học Kinh nghiệm nâng cao chất lượng dạy học ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh cho học sinh lớp Kinh nghiệm nâng cao chất lượng dạy học ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh cho học sinh lớp Kinh nghiệm bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Tiếng Anh cho học sinh tiểu học Some experiences help students to learn vocabulary better in 4th grade Some experiences help students to learn vocabulary better in 4th grade Some experiences to help primary students to learn English better 2009-2010 Some experiences to help students to learn vocabulary better in grade 2016-2017 Some experiences to help 2016-2017 GRADED A Số 110/CN-SKKN ngày 15/12/2010; A Số 86/CN-SKKN ngày 26/6/2011; A Số 72/CN-SKKN ngày 28/5/2012; C Quyết định số 871/QĐ-SGD& ĐT ngày 18/12/2012; A Quyết định số 134/CN-SKKN ngày 25/7/2014; A Quyết định số 83/CN-SKKN ngày 8/8/2015 C Quyết định số 988/QĐSGD&ĐT ngày 3/11/2015; 2010-2011 2011-2012 2011-2012 2013-2014 2014-2015 2014-2015 2015-2016 Number, date, month and year of the decision on recognition, and the agency issuing the decision A A Quyết định số 258/QĐ -PGD&ĐT vào sổ số 363/CNSKKN ngày 6/6/2016; Quyết định số 561/QĐPGD&ĐT vào sổ số 508/CNSKKN ngày 4/7/2017; Quyết định số 1112/QĐ- 17 students to learn vocabulary better in grade Some experiences to help students to learn vocabulary better in grade Some stricks to play games for students in grade C SGD&ĐT ngày 18/10/2017; A Quyết định số 561/QĐPGD&ĐT vào sổ số 508/CNSKKN ngày 4/7/2018; A Quyết định số 336a/QĐPGDĐT ngày 17/6/2019; 2017-2018 2018-2019 18 ... học Some experiences help students to learn vocabulary better in 4th grade Some experiences help students to learn vocabulary better in 4th grade Some experiences to help primary students to learn... better 2009-2010 Some experiences to help students to learn vocabulary better in grade 2016-2017 Some experiences to help 2016-2017 GRADED A Số 110/CN -SKKN ngày 15/ 12/2010; A Số 86/CN -SKKN ngày 26/6/2011;... in 5C in school year 2020 - 2021 are: Questions Total Rate % Yes 27 67, 5 No 13 Yes 32 No Yes 29 No 11 Yes 34 No Yes 33 No 22 ,5 80 20 72 ,5 27 ,5 85 15 82 ,5 17 ,5 The results of the survey of 5C