“He used to go to the market”= Anh ấy đã đi chợ thường xuyên trong một thời gian ở quá khứ, nhưng anh ấy bây giờ không còn đi chợ nữaB. Chúng ta dùng used to + infinitive để diễn tả một[r]
(1)E9 Unit 1: Grammar * Use to (do) “đã từng, thường)
A Hãy xem xét ví dụ sau:
I stopped being late for class years ago I am not late for class any more Tôi nghỉ trễ học hai năm trước Tôi khơng cịn trễ học
But I used to be late for class Nhưng trễ học He used to go to the market a day Anh chợ ngày
“He used to go to the market”= Anh chợ thường xuyên thời gian khứ, nhưng anh khơng cịn chợ nữa.
B Chúng ta dùng used to + infinitive để diễn tả việc xảy thường xun q khứ, nhưng khơng diễn nữa.
I used to play tennis a lot but I don’t play often now Trước tơi thường chơi tennis tơi khơng cịn chơi thường xuyên
C Đi theo sau “used to” ta dung động từ nguyên mẫu không chia (bare infinitive).
He used to smoke
D Các hình thức.
Câu khẳng định: (Affirmative)
S + UESD TO + V (BARE INFINITIVE).
I used to live in Bac Lieu Town Câu phủ định: (Nagative)
S + DID NOT + USE TO + V (BARE INFINITIVE) S + UESD NOT TO + V (BARE INFINITIVE).
He did not use to play football He used not to play football Câu hỏi: (question)
(WH) + DID + S + USE TO + V (BARE INFINITIVE)?
Did you use to visit Nha Trang City?
When did he use to live when he was young? WISH SENTENCES
(Câu ao ước) * WISH có nghĩa : ước, mong ước.
Dùng để ước, mong ước tình khơng có thật, muốn thật
A Hãy xem ví dụ sau:
I am very tired now Giờ mệt
(2)She does not live here Cô không sống She wishes that she lived here Cơ ước sống Nam will not go to school tomorrow Ngày mai Nam không học I wish that Nam would go to school tomorrow Tôi ước ngày mai Nam học My mother went to Nha Trang last Sunday
Mẹ Nha Trang vào Chủ Nhật vừa
I wish that my mother had not gone to Nha Trang last Sunday Tôi ước mẹ tơi đừng Nha Trang vào Chủ Nhật vùa
B Công thức sau:
S + WISH(ES) + (THAT) + S + V (GIẢM THÌ) Ngun tắc giảm động từ:
Present simple -> Past simple. Present progressive. -> Past progressive. Present perfect. -> Past perfect. Past simple. -> Past perfect.
Past progressive. -> Past perfect progressive. Future simple. -> would/ could/ should/ might
(Đối với động từ “to be” khứ đơn khứ tiếp diễn ta dùng “were” cho tất ngôi)
C Các dạng tập.
Dạng 1: Chia động từ mệnh đề sau wish: Eg 1: I wish that I always (study) hard.
I wish that I always studied hard
Eg 2: She wishes I (come) back tomorrow.
She wishes I would come back tomorrow. Cách làm sau:
Bước 1: Xác định động từ câu gì. Bước 2: Giảm thìcủa động từ đó.
Dạng 2: Viết lại câu dùng wish:
Dạng tùy theo mức khó dễ chia làm cấp độ
Cấp độ 1: Đây loại dễ nhất, làm việc viết ngược lại câu đề giảm xong Eg: I don’t have a dog (tơi khơng có chó)
Ước ngược lại:
I wish I had a dog (tôi ước tơi có chó) Eg: I can’t swim.(tôi bơi)
Viết ngược lại :
I wish I could swim (tơi ước tơi biết bơi)
Cấp độ 2: Cấp độ khó thường bao gồm mệnh đề Eg 1: I am sorry I am late for class
It is a pity you have not met Nam Cách làm:
(3)Eg 2: I can’t buy a book because I don’t have enough money Cách làm:
Chọn mệnh đề chủ yếu làm giống cấp độ mệnh đề lại biến thành to inf Eg 2: I wish I had enough money to buy a book.
Cấp độ 3: Đây cấp độ khó địi hỏi phải hiểu nội dung, ý câu Eg: I want to meet Nam
I would like to meet you Sit next to me
Cách làm:
Chúng ta đọc lên thấy người nói muốn (hoặc khơng muốn gì) ta chọn động từ thể ý muốn làm động từ chính:
Eg: I wish I met Nam I wish I met you
I wish you sat next to me
EXERCISES ROR PRACTICING I/ SUPPLY THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERBS
1 Nam used to (live) in Ca Mau City ten years ago I (not use to) help my mum for her housework
3 When they were young, they used to (stay) with their grandparents All of them used to (be) pen pals years ago
5 There (use to) be a big tree next to school?
6 What you (use to) in Ho Chi Minh City when you studied there? You (use to) meet me?
8 Mary used to (visit) Ha Noi
9 My son (not use to) get up late when he’s three years old 10 He (use to) be poor?
II/ REWRITE THE SENTENCES BY USINH “USED TO + V” He always helped her
2 They smoked a lot when they were young My daughter did not study hard
4 I often visited my friends when I lived in Hue Did he never eat durians?
6 Her students usually studied badly My family seldom went out for breakfast Where did your bother usually study? When did he often take you to the zoo? 10 I did not always go to bed late
III/ SUPPLY THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERBS IN WISH SENTENCES All of them wish they (live) in a big city right now
2 He wishes he (be) an acrobat
3 I wish he (be) in Nha Trang tomorrow I wish I (be) a pilot last year
5 I wish I (can) speak many languages
6 My brother wishes he (not waste) time when he was young My mother wishes I (be) a doctor in the future
8 They wish their parents (come) back tomorrow My mother wishes I (study) better now
(4)IV/ REWRITE THE SENTENCES BEGINNING “I WISH” Ba isn’t a doctor
2 He will be sick
3 I am not writing any letters
4 I haven’t any cigarette
5 I live in the country I never forget the park
7 I’m sorry our garden doesn’t get any sun
8 I’m sorry you told Jack
9 It’s pity that you were not here last week
10.It’s raining!
11.Lan isn’t here
12.She won’t visit me
13.What a pity! I didn’t learn English yesterday
14.John lives in a small flat and he doesn’t like
15.They have to work tomorrow
16.Don’t go out with him
17.I liked to become a doctor
18.She is happy to meet you
19.I would like you to study harder
20.I want them not to be lazy
V/ READ THE LETTER, AND THEN UNDERLINE THE GRAMMAR YOU STUDIED Dear parents,
Last week, I went to Ca Mau City to visit my pen pal I arrived at Ca Mau station at p.m on Sunday. Nam, my pen pal met me there, then he took me home by motorcycle.
I have visited many famous places such as: Ca Mau bird Park (also known as Lam Vien); a supermarket; and U Minh forest I have tried some foods; pancakes and fish When I stayed at U Minh, Nam and I went swimming and ride buffaloes with some children And we visited people here I have bought dried fish to give you and friends when I come back.
I feel very happy Ca Mau City is not only a young city but also a beautiful city The people are fair, kind and friendly The foods are very cheap, delicious and the sights are very beautiful I will leave Ca Mau at a.m next Sunday and will arrive home at about 5p.m I can go home by bus or taxi so please, don’t pick up me.
Love Hai
Dear Mom,
I arrived in Nha Trang at yesterday morning Thanh met me at the train station, and then he took me home by his motorbike.
Nha Trang is a quiet and beautiful city It has a long coastline with beautiful white sandy beaches I went to the beach very early this morning and enjoyed the sunrise far out in the sea Yesterday morning, Thanh and Hoai took me to the Tri Nguyen Aquarium It’s very interesting to see many different kinds of fish and sea creatures I’ve also visited many interesting places like Cham Temple, Aquarium, Pasteur Institute I’ve taken part in some fascinating outdoor activities: mud bathing, snorkeling and scuba diving Tomorrow, we are going to spend the evening visiting a fishing village, where we can get a taste of the local seafood.
I feel so happy and enjoy myself so much The people here are so nice and friendly, the food is excellent and the sights are very beautiful I’ll leave Nha Trang at pm on Saturday and will arrive home at am on Sunday Please pick me up at the train station.
Love Hai