Tài liệu Module 1: Internet Concepts pdf

Module 1: Internet Concepts Contents Overview Introduction to the Internet Architecture of the Internet Connecting to the Internet 18 Services Available on the Internet 24 Electronic Commerce 30 Web Development Technologies 31 Lab 1: Working on the Internet 36 Review 38 Information in this document is subject to change without notice The names of companies, products, people, characters, and/or data mentioned herein are fictitious and are in no way intended to represent any real individual, company, product, or event, unless otherwise noted Complying with all applicable copyright laws is the responsibility of the user No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of Microsoft Corporation If, however, your only means of access is electronic, permission to print one copy is hereby granted Microsoft may have patents, patent applications, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights covering subject matter in this document Except as expressly provided in any written license agreement from Microsoft, the furnishing of this document does not give you any license to these patents, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property  2000 Microsoft Corporation All rights reserved Microsoft, ActiveX, BackOffice, FrontPage, MS-DOS, NetMeeting, Outlook, Visual Basic, Windows and Windows NT and are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S.A and/or other countries The names of companies, products, people, characters, and/or data mentioned herein are fictitious and are in no way intended to represent any real individual, company, product, or event, unless otherwise noted Other product and company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners Program Manager: Steve Merrill Development Lead: Basabjit Chakrabarty (NIIT) Instructional Designers: Sangeeta Nair, Vijayalakshmi Narayanaswamy (NIIT); Veena Nambier, Yatinder Walia (NIIT) Technical Contributors: Scott Swigart (3 Leaf Solutions); Gary Gumbiner (Great Barrier Technologies, Inc.) Graphic Artist: Scott Serna (Creative Assets) Editing Manager: Jennifer Linn Editor: Reid Bannecker Production Manager: Miracle Davis Production Coordinator: Linda Lu Cannon (The Write Stuff) Build Coordinator: Eric Wagoner Testing Lead: Eric Meyers Testing: Bryan Urakawa, Chris and Edward Lead Product Manager, Internet Services: Hilary Vandal Manufacturing Manager: Rick Terek Operations Coordinator: John Williams Manufacturing Support: Laura King; Kathy Hershey Lead Product Manager, Release Management: Bo Galford Group Manager, Courseware Infrastructure: David Bramble General Manager: Robert Stewart Module 1: Internet Concepts Instructor Notes Presentation: 60 Minutes Lab: 10 Minutes This module provides students with an overview of the Internet It explains the history and the architecture of the Internet, as well as the various types of connections and the services available on the Internet Finally, the module introduces students to the various Web development tools After completing this module, students will be able to: ! Describe the architecture of the Internet ! Connect to the Internet ! Identify the services available on the Internet ! Identify the various Web development tools Materials and Preparation This section provides you with the materials and preparation needed to teach this module Required Materials To teach this module, you need the following materials: ! Microsoft PowerPoint file 1912A_01.ppt ! Module 1, “Internet Concepts” ! Lab 1, “Working on the Internet” Preparation Tasks To prepare for this module, you should: ! Read all of the materials for this module ! Complete the labs iii iv Module 1: Internet Concepts Module Strategy Use the following strategy to present this module: ! Introduction to the Internet This topic provides an overview of the Internet First, explain the need for a global network Then, introduce the services available on the Internet Finally, explain about intranets and extranets ! Architecture of the Internet This topic explains the architecture and working of the Internet First, explain the need for protocols Then, explain the need for addresses and the various types of addresses Finally, describe the client/server architecture of the Internet ! Connecting to the Internet This topic describes how a client computer connects to a Web server First, describe online services Then, explain what Internet service providers are Finally, describe the various types of Internet connections possible Highlight the differences between each of the connection types Spend more time on DSL, a new technology ! Services Available on the Internet This topic describes the services available on the Internet Explain each service and its purpose ! Web Development Tools and Technologies This topic covers various Web development tools First, explain markup languages Then, describe scripting languages Finally, explain the COM technologies Module 1: Internet Concepts # Overview Slide Objective To provide an overview of the module topics and objectives ! Introduction to the Internet Lead-in ! Architecture of the Internet ! Connecting to the Internet ! Services Available on the Internet ! Electronic Commerce ! Web Development Technologies ! Lab 1: Working on the Internet ! Review In this module, you will learn about the Internet, the services available on the Internet, the architecture of the Internet, and how to connect to the Internet You will also learn about electronic commerce and the Web development tools and technologies In the past few years, the Internet has become a vast source of information, connected millions of people and businesses worldwide, and made communications simple and quick through the use of e-mail and online chatting The Internet is an association of thousands of networks and millions of computers that are connected together to share information After completing this module, you will be able to: ! Describe the architecture of the Internet ! Identify various ways to connect to the Internet ! Identify the services available on the Internet ! Identify the various Web development tools Module 1: Internet Concepts # Introduction to the Internet Slide Objective To provide an overview of the Internet Lead-in In this section, you will learn about the history of the Internet You will also learn about the various services available on the Internet ! What is the Internet? ! Services Available on the Internet ! Intranets ! Extranets The Internet was created about 30 years ago with the simple objective of allowing disparate computers to communicate with each other Today, the Internet has grown into a vast resource for information and communication It is the single largest network of computers with a host of available services Other types of networks include intranets and extranets An intranet utilizes the same protocols as the Internet and provides many of the same services, such as e-mail and Web pages However, an intranet is for use within an organization and access to the information on an intranet is restricted to the employees of a given organization An extranet is like an intranet except that it allows limited access to users outside the intranet Module 1: Internet Concepts What Is the Internet? Slide Objective To explain the need and evolution of the Internet ! Internet: $ Lead-in The Internet is an expansive network of computers and a cost-effective mode of communication between two places across the globe $ $ $ $ ! A global network of computers Allows one node to communicate with any other node through various paths Currently consists of many small and large networks of computers A vast resource of information Provides popular services, such as the WWW, e- mail, chat rooms, and news History of Internet $ ARPAnet, NSFnet The Internet is a global network of linked computers When you connect to the Internet, your machine is simply another node on this global network The topology of the Internet is like a web, allowing any node to communicate with any other node through various paths The history of the Internet goes back to 1969 when the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the U.S government started a project to link computers The main objective of this network of computers was to enable research scientists at the Department of Defense to communicate with each other The network was named ARPAnet The participation of educational institutions—including Harvard University, the University of California, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Stanford University—ensured the addition of more computers and the growth of ARPAnet Over a period of time, the size of the network increased and more organizations started adding their own networks to ARPAnet By 1980, the traffic on ARPAnet had increased tremendously As a result, the National Science Foundation created a nationwide network called the NSFnet Consequently, ARPAnet was withdrawn from the service The purpose of NSFnet was to provide high-quality computing services to the public across the country NSFnet became the launch pad for the Internet The Internet currently consists of more than 1,300,000 small and large networks of computers and continues to grow at a rapid rate With more than 50 million Web pages containing an average of 500 words per page, the Internet is the single largest pool of information The Internet has become a vast resource of information It provides services catering to sports, entertainment, education, news, and current affairs and various other categories The most popular services on the Internet are the World Wide Web, electronic mail, chat rooms, and newsgroups Module 1: Internet Concepts Services Available on the Internet Slide Objective To highlight the popular services available on the Internet ! WWW (HTTP) Lead-in ! E-Mail (SMTP) ! Chat Rooms (IRC) ! Newsgroups (NNTP) ! FTP (FTP) The Internet is growing at a phenomenal rate This is because the Internet provides information to a worldwide audience In addition, the Internet obtains information with no barriers in space or time The Internet has undergone major developments since its inception These include the number and availability of Internet connections, the advent of powerful software to access information on the Internet, and the adoption of universal standards Consequently, the Internet has become a medium in its own right, offering a host of services WWW WWW is an abbreviation for World Wide Web, which is often simply referred to as the Web Many people confuse the Internet with the Web The Web is a subset of the Internet The underlying protocol for the Web is Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) E-Mail E-mail is an electronic messaging service available on the Internet E-mail has brought a radical change in communications across the globe Whenever you send a piece of e-mail, your computer's e-mail software, or e-mail client, interacts with the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) server to send the email message Chat Rooms Online discussions, or "chat rooms," enable the exchange of written messages over the Internet Newsgroups Newsgroups are a means of public discussion on the Internet They function in the same way as e-mail, but are read by millions of people worldwide The messages in newsgroups are presented in the form of a list known as a thread These messages are stored on a news server This service uses the Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) as the protocol Module 1: Internet Concepts FTP File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a remote-access service used to exchange files between two computers on a network You will learn more about these services later in this module Module 1: Internet Concepts Intranets Slide Objective To provide an overview of intranets ! Intranet: $ Lead-in $ Intranets are private networks within companies $ $ ! $ Ask students to explain the difference between an intranet and the Internet Provide information that is of use to the employees of a company Are suitable for high bandwidth services, such as video conferencing Can also contain sensitive and proprietary information Working of Intranets $ Delivery Tip Is a smaller version of the Internet The client forwards the request to the server The server processes the request and sends the requested data to the client An intranet is an internal version of the Internet Intranets typically provide information that is of use to the employees of a company, such as online forms and vacation policies Information about benefits, a forum to share ideas on various projects, and resource scheduling are just a few examples of ways to use an intranet Because the nodes of an intranet typically have higher speed connections, intranets are suitable for high-bandwidth services, such as video conferencing Because they are accessible only to authorized users, intranets can also contain sensitive and proprietary information Working of Intranets Intranets use the client/server architecture and are based on the Internet protocols The client forwards the request to the server The server processes the request and sends the requested data to the client Security measures such as firewalls are required to block access from unauthorized sources Note A firewall allows people on an internal network to access the Internet, but prevents people on the Internet from accessing the internal information ... for this module, you should: ! Read all of the materials for this module ! Complete the labs iii iv Module 1: Internet Concepts Module Strategy Use the following strategy to present this module: ... users outside the intranet Module 1: Internet Concepts What Is the Internet? Slide Objective To explain the need and evolution of the Internet ! Internet: $ Lead-in The Internet is an expansive... architecture of the Internet ! Identify various ways to connect to the Internet ! Identify the services available on the Internet ! Identify the various Web development tools Module 1: Internet Concepts