Applying vocabulary teaching tactics to enrich students’ vocabulary in english 11 basic program

Hậu Lộc I High school Hoàng Thị Hướng INDEX INTRODUCTION 1.1 Reasons for choosing the research 1.2 Aims of the research 1.3 Object of the research 1.4 Methods of research Page 2 3 CONTENTS 2.1 Historical context: 2.2 Factual basis and the procedure to be applied when teaching vocabulary : The procedure to be applied when teaching vocabulary: 2.3 How to resolve the problems: The tactics have been applied effectively in teaching English vocabulary Tactic Use visual aids Tactic Use simple drawings Tactic Use body language (miming) Tactic Explain the meaning in context Tactic 5: Translation + Some types of activities have been applied when teaching vocabulary for students of grade 11 at Hau Loc I uppersecondary school: 2.4 Results after applying: CONCLUSION General conclusion Recommendation 6 11 11 12 17 18 18 INTRODUCTION Applying vocabulary teaching tactics to enrich students’ vocabulary in English 11 Basic program Page Hậu Lộc I High school Hoàng Thị Hướng 1.1 Reasons for choosing the research In modern times, English has been and will be an essential means in all activities from economy, culture, politics to communications As an important tool in communicating with the countries of the world, English will help us expand relationships, communicate and learn about many fields and many new features in the open era Therefore, learning English for each of us, especially for studentsyoung intellectuals of the country has always been a very important job However, to use English as a communication tool, we must meet one of the basic criteria that is vocabulary The more vocabulary we have, the more quickly and efficiently it helps us to understand and communicate Therefore, in each lesson, introducing new language, including vocabulary, practising using new vocabulary, clarifying their meaning and usage is always work and often mandatory for language teachers In fact, the majority of students have learned a number of relatively vocabulary , but most of them feel it very difficult to use the vocabulary learned when they enter grade 11 In addition, each lesson in grade 11 program has nearly 15 new words Most of them are afraid to learn new words, or learn but quickly forget Actually, the style they learn vocabulary is memorization They learn in a very passive way, and not apply to everyday communication This results in the fact that they quickly forget Therefore, how to help students remember vocabulary in a long term and have the ability to use them to communicate effectively and positively is a problem every language teacher has concerns 1.2 Aims of the research Currently, we are adopting innovative teaching methods of English teaching and learning to achieve the best efficiency, especially focused on communicative skills What teaching techniques are the best and suitable for language teachers? In fact, most students have learned a number of relatively words, but they often feel it very hard to master the language according to situations happened Therefore how to make students enjoy the lesson and have the ability to use their vocabulary to communicate actively is a problem every teacher has concerns That is the reason why I chose the topic " Applying vocabulary teaching tactics to enrich students’ vocabulary in English 11 Basic program” to Applying vocabulary teaching tactics to enrich students’ vocabulary in English 11 Basic program Page Hậu Lộc I High school Hoàng Thị Hướng contribute to raising students’ interest in learning English and enhance the quality of the training course 1.3 Object of the research In my research, I study with 11 th grade students In this grade, students are mature enough to understand some concerned facts about the learned topic Therefore, the ways to motivate them to listen is the most important thing in teaching process From my practical teaching experience, I’ve found that if we use suitable methods, most of the students will be very interested in the class and doing the exercises more perfectly 1.4 Methods of research To make my reading & speaking lessons more effectively, I have used some following methods: Firstly, I always ask the students to search for information about the topic before coming to class Secondly, I always get advice from colleagues through co- working I can learn from both their good and bad points by attending their lessons Thirdly, I apply science and technology in teaching For example, I use the software which applied to draw pictures to help students consolidate and remember their vocabulary Next, I study through the internet, read documents in books , and use new methods in teaching English such as: using visual aids, using simple drawings, using body language, explaining the meaning in context, and translation to get students involved in my activities enthusiastically CONTENT 2.1 Historical context: So far, there have been many teachers who have applied some vocabulary tips but still at a simple level, most effective steps are focused on introducing vocabulary and have almost no vocabulary practising methods In this experience initiative, I focus on synthetic methods to introduce and practice vocabulary in a full and clear way to bring the highest efficiency in teaching vocabulary - an important criterion in the language learning Rationale: Applying vocabulary teaching tactics to enrich students’ vocabulary in English 11 Basic program Page Hậu Lộc I High school Hoàng Thị Hướng The goal of our general education is to help students develop fully in morality, physical intellectuality, and basic skills so that they can prepare for further education or go into working life Therefore, our educational methods should promote students’ activeness, self -discipline, initiative and creativity in accordance with the characteristics of the subject Furthermore, basing on students’ characteristics ,each classroom condition, teachers can foster students’ self-learning methods, collaborative capabilities, develop skills to apply knowledge in practice and bring joy, excitement for our students In short, we need to overally educate students by applying modern, innovate teaching methods Teachers should know how to make the lessons more lively in order to attract students’ attention and make them voluntarily participate in learning activitites 2.2 Factual basis and the procedure to be applied when teaching vocabulary : Currently in the schools, like other subjects, English language teaching and learning are taking place along with the innovation of education methods, reforming textbooks English vocabulary learning program should also be used in accordance with the general development of the society First of all, the object of teaching comes from students aged 17, has less life experience , limited social understanding Besides teaching and learning of English at schools also take place in the communication environment of teachers and students which have so many limitations: Teaching in a large group (usually unit class has about 40 students or more), the level of awareness are different and means of teaching aids are asynchronous These things not only distract students from focusing on the lesson but also slow down their process to acquire knowledge Moreover, in English lessons, problems students often encounter are: Sutdents not have interest in learning English as a result, they are not hardworking to memorize vocabulary and not practice using vocabulary often The procedure to be applied when teaching vocabulary: One of the most important things is that teachers should know how to interest students, make student cooperate with teachers to acquire the best Students’ interest in the lesson determines the outcome of student learning Thus, teachers must know to motivate students to study, in other words, make students want to learn so that the study results will be very positive Moreover, the process of Applying vocabulary teaching tactics to enrich students’ vocabulary in English 11 Basic program Page Hậu Lộc I High school Hoàng Thị Hướng learning and memory is closely related to learning motivation Learning activities are always enhanced by some motivation Specificly, teaching vocabulary in the new language is to introduce form, situation context to clarify meaning, and using of new words In this section, the more vividly we introduce vocabulary, the more effective the lessons are As mentioned from the outset, since students have been attracted, interested in lessons they will acquire knowledge faster and easier This stimulates students to desire to learn vocabulary, actively participate in the process of introducing vocabulary Therefore, we need to create conditions for students to practice using new words by forming sentences, using the word in different contexts, reviewing learned words regularly through many different types of exercises, communicating properly using words from each context Beside arranging the order to teach vocabulary, teachers must also use skills in introducing new words, making it attractive to students We also know that the time to introduce vocabulary in a period occupies a small portion, only to minutes (maximum 10 minutes) so teachers should introduce vocabulary clearly, make a specific, simple, and fast lead Teachers must select presenting skills appropriately, to attract attention of the student as well as to help the students memorize vocabulary at an early stage The first stage in teaching vocabulary is the introduction new words to students Introducing new words has a very important role in an English class It can help students understand the lesson contents, grasp the meaning and use of the word through the initial introduction of the teacher Normally, when introducing a new word, teachers should perform the following steps: - Elicit through pictures, real objects, examples, situations - Introduce the word in English - Have students listen times - Students repeat the new word (2-3 times in chorus) - Students repeat individually (2-3 students ) - Teachers give correction of the student's pronunciation - Teachers write the word on the board - When teacher finish teaching all the new words, students write in their notebooks - Check vocabulary Applying vocabulary teaching tactics to enrich students’ vocabulary in English 11 Basic program Page Hậu Lộc I High school Hoàng Thị Hướng - Check the word stress However, not all new words appear during lectures for students are included in the introduction of new words The teacher must know how to determine and choose active new words, proactive in the teaching process and try to promote selflearning ability of all students to the kind of passive new words Besides, teachers have to know how to arrange vocabulary taught in a logical sequence 2.3 How to resolve the problems: In order to make students interested in learning, active in learning activities, I have used the following methods : Firstly, I prepare the lesson thoroughly and in detail before class Moreover, I invest more for planning and teaching, search documents , such as images related to the topic Furthermore , I explore, design types in various activities throughout the teaching period to help students find interest in learning without feeling bored and tired Besides, I also need to positively apply information technology in teaching to inspire students and create a positive environment in the classroom so as to help them accustomed to hearing and using language Secondly, I have my students study (vocabulary, sentence patterns), and all necessary preparation before class For example: collecting documents and pictures related to the lesson and finding out the new words before class + The tactics have been applied effectively in teaching English vocabulary for students of grade 11 at Hau Loc I upper-secondary school From the practical teaching of the subject and the requirements needed to achieve when teaching students vocabulary in the English program, I myself have applied some tactics available that match the characteristics of students’ age and the English program , and the conditions available (Powerpoint software, drawings, ) to help students understand the vocabulary more effectively Tactic Use visual aids In general teaching and teaching English in particular, visual aids often act very positive support This method is very popular and highly effective for making sense of understanding becomes accurate, vivid, and time-saving Students use intuition to know the meaning of the word directly They get excitement and attention to the lessons effectively Teachers can use real objects, objects available in class, pictures, paintings, drawings, pictures collaged from magazines, gestures, miming, films, projectors, TV, video But not all words are introduced in this way Applying vocabulary teaching tactics to enrich students’ vocabulary in English 11 Basic program Page Hậu Lộc I High school Hoàng Thị Hướng therefore, we have to choose words appropriately and must present them quickly, easily and clearly That is why I have used real objects, pictures suitable for each lesson content, for example: + Use real objects with furniture, items available This method requires teachers’ preparation for the objects in everyday life The teacher raises the thing up and tells the class to give the equivalent English word This method can bring unexpected excitement bacause students have opportunities to observe and practice with the real things in life * For example: When teaching vocabulary of section A: Reading, Unit 9: The post office Teacher can bring an envelope with a stamp When I point at objects students find it easy to identify the meanings, so I need not say the meanings of these words It can be illustrated as follows: T: What is this ? SS: A stamp/ This is an envelope This procedure can be applied in the classroom to the vocabulary related to body parts, furniture, clothes, the things that can be brought to class such as a handkerchief, an orange, small items in the home such as a cup, a key Teachers can apply this way Through the preparation of these items serving the lessons this way, teaching work becomes easier, saves time + Take pictures with the themes that can not use real things Teachers can collect pictures from newspapers, books or download pictures from the internet to teach a number of related objects can not be brought to class, and can not use teaching aids In this method, teachers prepare pictures containing needed knowledge Teachers show each picture and ask students to identify content contained in the picture Or teachers hold up the picture and ask students to voice their opinions This method helps students to remember new words easier and helps the lesson become more vivid * For example: When teaching vocabulary of section A: Reading, Unit 11 Sources of energy, I use pictures with the help of Powerpoint software presentations to teach vocabulary for students Applying vocabulary teaching tactics to enrich students’ vocabulary in English 11 Basic program Page Hậu Lộc I High school Hoàng Thị Hướng Solar energy -> solar pannels -> infinite Wind power -> windmill -> unlimited Applying vocabulary teaching tactics to enrich students’ vocabulary in English 11 Basic program Page Hậu Lộc I High school Hoàng Thị Hướng Water power -> Hydro electric dam -> infinite, unlimited Fossil fuels-> coal -> limited , exhaust This procedure can be applied in the classroom to the vocabulary related to body parts, furniture, clothes, the things that can be brought to class such as a handkerchief, an orange, small items in the home such as a cup, a key Teachers Applying vocabulary teaching tactics to enrich students’ vocabulary in English 11 Basic program Page Hậu Lộc I High school Hoàng Thị Hướng can apply this way Through the preparation of these items serving the lessons this way, teaching work becomes easier and it helps us save time Personal experience when using this procedure: When using pictures, teachers need to select simple pictures with clear purposes The use of animation or documentary helps students remember better We can use the enclosed picture crossword for teaching and refresher themed vocabulary of this type Tactic Use simple drawings The sketch for students helps teachers teach vocabulary quickly and effectively So when teaching the words describing feelings, I can use the drawing of human faces for students to remember new words more quickly and make them more interested in the lesson Indeed, just with a few simple painting strokes, I am able to impress the students This also brings a lot of benefits for the teacher 's lecture Personal experience when using this procedure: It should be noted that while drawing we have to draw fast and make students curious about what happens next For example, when teaching Unit 2: Personal experiences Part B: speaking The topic of this lesson is Describing people’s physical chracteristic and personality, Teachers can draw witty faces, expressing joy, sorrow, laughing, crying to teach words such as sad, happy, laugh, cry sad happy Teachers can also sketch the details on the faces to introduce the following words: face, hair, eye, ear, nose, lips, mouth, Face Eye(s ) Applying vocabulary teaching tactics to enrich students’ vocabulary in English 11 Basic nose Hair program Page 10 Hậu Lộc I High school Hoàng Thị Hướng Teachers can also incorporate tricks together to present the meaning of a word In addition, teachers can sketch a simple rod-shaped drawing of a person swimming, running, sitting, lying down to introduce the verbs: swim, run, go, lie Tactic Use body language (miming) This is the way we introduce new words through teachers’ actions, gestures and facial expressions On that basis, students observe and guess the meaning of new words Teachers can choose words that can be presented quickly, easily and clearly by action , gestures, postures This method is well suited for teaching the word for activities or human emotions * For example: When teaching vocabulary of Listening section, Unit 3: A party - Reading Teacher can use gesture to introduce the word “ clap our hands” or sing a song at a party Tactic Explain the meaning in context In this tactic, I introduce new words through context: * For example: To teach the words dumb, deaf and blind T: Dumb People - People who can not speak Do you understand ? Ss: Yes T: Good Say again Ss: dumb - Introducing new words through examples The teacher gives a series of examples, students must group them together and find out the most generic term This teaching method promotes the ability of students to generalize and it forces students to think creatively and logically * For example: Unit – Volunteer work - Reading T: In Spring school, many students are deaf, dumb and others are some metally retarded They are disadvantaged children Do you understand " disadvantaged " ? Ss: Yes T: Say again Ss: disadvantaged Students practice listening skills to guess the meaning of words in English This gives the students curiosity and learning needs to participate in learning in class - Introducing new words through learned language by definitions or descriptions: Applying vocabulary teaching tactics to enrich students’ vocabulary in English 11 Basic program Page 11 Hậu Lộc I High school Hoàng Thị Hướng Students practice listening skills to guess the meaning of words in English This gives the students curiosity and learning needs to participate in learning in class * For example: Unit – Volunteer work – Reading To teach the word "Orphange " and “orphan” teachers can define as follows: An orphan is a person whose parents are dead.(…………….) - Introducing new words through synonyms and antonyms: * For example: Using antonyms to teach Unit 9: The post office - Reading + courteous > < rude/ discourteous + spacious >