The technology of flower production in danziger company israel

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY NONG THI THUY NHUNG THE TECHNOLOGY OF FLOWER PRODUCTION IN DANZIGER COMPANY, ISRAEL ORNAMENTA BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode : Full-time Major : Environmental Science and Management Faculty : International Programs Office Batch : 2014- 2018 Type : On-the-Job Training (OJT) Thai Nguyen, 11/05/2020 Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry DegreeProgram Bachelor of Environmental Science and Student name NONG THI THUY NHUNG Management Student ID DTN1454290043 The Technology of Flower Production in Danziger Thesis Title Company Israel Supervisor (s) Supervisor’s Signature Dr Hoang Hai Thanh ABSTRACT Founded in 1953, Danziger is today one of the world’s most innovative floriculture companies The company is engaged in the research, breeding, development, propagation, production, sale and marketing of varieties of cut flowers, annuals and perennials – creating extraordinary flower varieties and beautiful assortments that help customers along the entire value chain achieve extraordinary success Being conducted internship in “Dan” Flower Farm is a valuable experience to students due to the helpful instruction and detailed explanation of managers and skillful workers here The report aims to present my knowledgement and experience during intership in “DAN” FLOWER FARM The technologies applied in greenhouses, are precision irrigation mentioned as drip irrigation which is known to be the most efficient method with 95-100% water use efficiency and nutrient delivery Moreover, the company does the business with integrity while respecting for environment This is clearly proved in the environmentally-friendly plant protection methods and biological control Being served as a worker in Elite Stock zone, where are responsible for taking care and propagating flower varieties with superior genetics and traits, I aslo took part in harvesting and packaging cut-flower productions for exporting to over 60 countries in the world The report suppies information about the standards of constructing flower greenhouses, involves height and facilities used to minimize the impacts of climate change “Dan” Flower Farm Keywords: Precision irrigation Propagate Greenhouse Cut-flower Numberofpages: 35 Date of Submission: i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost, the completion of this thesis would not have been possible without the help of many people I would like to send my deep thanks to who provided comments and suggestions for the thesis to be completed and gave direct guidance during the research process and completion I would like to express my sincere thanks and deep gratitude to the teachers of Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, especially International Training Center helped me to practice in Israel I would also like to thank my professor for their enthusiastic guidance on how to successfully complete the internship During the internship, as well as in the process of making an internship report, it is hard to avoid mistakes, I am looking forward to receiving suggestions from lecturers and friends so that I can learn more experiences in upcoming graduation reports Thai Nguyen December 2019 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii TABLE OF CONTENTS iii LIST OF FIGURES v LIST OF TABLES vi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rational 1.2 Objective 1.3 Contents of work 1.4 Profile of the cooperating agency 1.5 Description of works 1.6 Timeline CHAPTER LITERATURE REVIEWS 2.1 Information about internships area 2.1.1 Information about Israel 2.1.2 Israel’s agriculture 2.1.3 Planting flowers 10 2.2 National Literature Review 16 2.2.1 Technology of Flower Production in Vietnam 16 Production situation 16 Technology of flower production 18 CHAPTER STATUS OF THE CONSIDERED ISSUE AT THE TRAINING AGENCY 23 iii 3.1 The object and scope of study 23 3.1.1 Object of study 23 3.1.2 Scope of study 23 3.2 Location and time conduct 23 3.2.1 Location 23 3.2.2 Time 23 3.3 Research contents 23 3.4 Introduction to Coreopsis Solanna Golden Sphere 24 3.5 Parameters and Methodology: 25 3.6 The results 27 CHAPTER DISCUSSION AND LESSON LEARNED 29 4.1 Discussion 29 4.2 Lesson learned 29 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION 31 REFERENCES 32 iv LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: Cultivating cut-flower in Agar Figure 2.2: Watering technology 14 Picture 2.2.1 The process of treating and recycling the waste water in Rose Production in Dalat Hasfarm 22 Pictuture 3.1: Coreopsis Blooms 24 Picture 3.2: Powdery Mildew on Coreopsis leaves 25 Figure 3.3 Perlite 25 Figure 3.4 Volcanic tuff 25 Figure 3.5: Rooting powder (T8) is added to all treatments to shorten the time for the growth of root 26 Figure 3.6: Coconut coir 26 Figure 3.7: Dan Flower farm 27 Figure 3.8: Water volume per one pot/ day: 530ml/day 27 v LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1: Description of work Table 3.1: Fertilizer Target 26 Table 3.2: Experimental layout diagram 26 Table 3.3: The height of Coreopsis in centimetre during the planting days 28 Table 3.4 The number of buds and bloom per pot and the days blooms retained 28 vi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale The technology of flower production in Vietnam, nowadays, bases on the traditional experiences: applying inherited propagation methods, cultivating flower varieties in the field Despite of the advantages regarding the farmers’ traditions, simple methods and low price, the inherited propagation methods exert negative impacts on quality of flower genes The lacking of innovation can degrade the genes and spread the infected diseases from generation to generation From foreign Office Vietnam 2020, the average temperature in Vietnam ranges from 21ºC to 27ºC and increases gradually from North to South In summer, the average temperature across the country is 25ºC (Hanoi 23oC, Hue 25ºC, Ho Chi Minh City 26ºC) Winter in the North, the temperature drops to the lowest in December and January Diverse climate and soil conditions have facilitated to plant a variety of flowers Besides the advantages, there are also many difficulties in the sustainable development of flowers and ornamental plants By the fact that in our country, only Da Lat has invested in development into a flower production industry The rest of the production scale is fragmented and small; High quality varieties are not actively produced but almost imported; climate change and its impacts make the regulation of seasons, yield, quality of flowers and ornamental plants vulnerable, highly risky In Israel, despite of the average of 300 sunny days per year, the nation is successful in producing blooms The key success is the application of high quality rooted cuttings of annuals, perennials and cut flowers and rich experience in breeding and production of a wide variety of perennials, annuals, bedding plants and cut flowers under instruction of leading professionals and experts, contribute to economics boos Being different from Vietnam, flowers in Israel are planted in greenhouses with optimal conditions and clean materials This ensure the good quality of blooms and a healthy development of plants The process of picking, packaging and transportation conducted by international and national employees, is streamlined under the supervision of Israeli managers in order to bring the fresh production to clients and partners all over the world 1.2 Purposes of internship program - Getting knowledgement about high technologies in flower production - Learning the techniques in propagating flower varieties and how to take care of nurseries as well as the process of picking and packaging in flower production 1.3 Contents of work - Taking care of cut-flowers as well as sample plants breeded in gel - Transfering plants to the pots in greenhouses - Picking the cut-flowers in terms of exporting purpose and propagating purpose - Storage the flower production - Observing the running of irrigation and installing drip irrigation in greenhouses 1.4 Profile of the cooperating agency Danziger company founded in 1953, Danziger company which is today one of the world’s most innovative floriculture companies, is engaged in the research, breeding, development, propagation, production, sale and marketing of varieties of cutting flowers 1.5 Description of works Time 1st week Tasks Description in details General Getting to know the workers, managers and Introduction structure of company Being introduced the different varieties of flower and their climatic requirements 2-3 week Products (humidity, temperature, ) Learning how to pick and choose cut-flower Picking the healthy top shoots or cuttings of mother plants Planting the cuttings with T8- powder to excite the grow of root in clean trays and put in nurseries zone with jet spray activated in controlled time 4-30 week Cultural work -Cleaning the greenhouse floors and sterilizing the tables with chemical liquid Preparing the pots fulfilled with different kinds of soil depending on the varieties -Organizing the pots in the rows and columns following the instructions of monitors Therefore, in order to continue maintaining and developing this market sustainably, Hai Phong is aiming to apply high technology in planting flowers and ornamental plants Hai Phong In Hai Phong, intensive flower cultivation technology applied high technology, the system to adjust the temperature, light, automatic humidity, using the new generation fertilizer in care, production in modern greenhouses, nethouse; techniques of extracting, grafting, controlling flowering, shaping, shaping plants, using substrates, being applied in flower growing areas have reduced pests and diseases, actively took the initiative in the field, and limited the influence of time conditions external conditions should yield, quality of flowers is significantly improved 21 Ha Noi In 2012 - the first year of implementing the project, Hanoi city had just over 2,000 hectares of flowers and ornamental plants planted in 18 communes of five districts: Tay Ho, Bac Tu Liem, Me Linh, Dan Phuong and Thuong Tin To date, the city's production of flowers and ornamental plants has reached more than 7,000 hectares of increasingly diverse and diverse flower species In particular, the cultivated area of some types of flowers increased, such as roses from 770 hectares, has increased to nearly 1,800 hectares; chrysanthemum from 450 hectares now reaches 968.8 hectares; peach blossom from nearly 300 hectares, up to 474 hectares The largest increase is the area for orchids and lilies In 2012, the area of these two flowers was 14.4 hectares By 2018, it has reached 278 hectares, about 19 times more 20 19 In order to meet the increasing demand for playing flowers of Hanoi people, many businesses and flower growers in Hanoi have collaborated with scientists, research institutes, and developed technology flower planting model high, initially obtained positive results According to Flora Vietnam Co., Ltd., one of the leading enterprises in the application of science and technology in the field of flower growing in Hanoi, the Company has opened a high-tech flower growing center in Dan Phuong - Hanoi is more than 10 thousand square meters with a system of greenhouses, net houses, modern and synchronous machines for growing many high quality flowers such as: orchids, female orchid, lilies, Here, the flowers are grown by tissue culture method so the flowers, big branches, beautiful colors and due to the cold storage system preliminarily preserved, so the flower quality when marketed is significantly improved Da Lat Care professionals understand the change in each leaf and petal They know that as long as the humidity and temperature exceed the permissible limits, there is an opportunity for harmful fungi to attack infected flowers Therefore, the rose greenhouse is always fully equipped with technology and automatic equipment such as using computers to control the microclimate including: heating, dehumidifier, drip irrigation system The environment in greenhouses is also adjusted to a certain parameter When the temperature inside the greenhouse is higher than the set threshold, the roof and roller blinds will begin to open, the fan system will work to reduce the temperature On the contrary, at night or in winter, when the temperature drops, a 20 heating system is activated to help keep the rose petals warm In addition, the system of dehumidification and misting is also used to maintain the humidity at the standard level, helping flowers always in the best condition (Discover the secrets of Dalat Hasfarm’s rose cultivation technology 2017) Be careful at each stage of harvest 18 Not stopping there, the roses are always cherished carefully until harvesting, packaging, storage and distribution Depending on the weather every day, flowers will be harvested early in the morning or will be added in the afternoon if the weather is warm to ensure bloom Standard harvest flowers when one or two outside petals have bloomed, flower buds have shown each beautiful little petal inside Some roses with large buds will have to be harvested when the flower is almost blooming so that when customers display the flowers can see the full bloom of the flower at the best time Packaging and preservation After harvesting, flowers will be gathered in the processing room and waiting for packaging Here, flowers will be classified again according to the length of the branches before being packed The stems will be cut by the root, plucking the leaves and packed in 10 or 20 stems in a bundle depending on the variety and size of the flower These bouquets of roses are wrapped in corrugated cardboard to avoid breaking the petals when moving and taken to the storage area Preserving experts always know that with just a little temperature deviation, the durability of flowers will decrease immediately So they always ensure the temperature of storage before sending flowers to distribution centers, flower shops as well as 21 export is always 2ºC So when the roses handed customers, they are always fresh, like harvested from company 1.Collecting the excessed water from Rose greenhouses 2.Storaging the excessed water in the tanks Storaging the cleaned water in other tanks and reusing Treating this water in purified machines and UV radiation Picture 2.2.1 The process of treating and recycling the waste water in Rose Production in Dalat Hasfarm 22 CHAPTER STATUS OF THE CONSIDERED ISSUE AT THE TRAINING AGENCY 3.1 The object and scope of study 3.1.1 Object of study The influence of choosing suitable medias and planting in high technology greenhouses on flower yield in Beit Dagan Farm branch, Danziger Flower Company, Israel 3.1.2 Scope of study Studing the growth of “Coreopsis Solanna Golden Sphere” in three different medias: Coconut coir mix, perlite and volcanic tuff and in high technology greenhouses in Beit Dagan Farm branch, Danziger Flower Company, Israel 3.2 Location and time conduct 3.2.1 Location Greenhouse no.12, Beit Dagan Farm, Danziger Flower Company, Israel 3.2.2 Time From 12/2/2019 to 14/5/2019 3.3 Research contents The characteristics of Coreopsis Solanna Golden Sphere and common diseases Learn about the consequence of drip irrigation to the growth of Coreopsis blooms Learn about the effect of soil medias to the quality of Coreopsis flower in greenhouse 23 3.4 Introduction to Coreopsis Solanna Golden Sphere The research is implemented on Coreopsis (Solanna Golden Sphere), which is easily grown in dry to medium moisture, well-drained soils in full sun Tolerant of heat, humidity and some drought Plants may be sheared in mid to late summer to promote a fall rebloom and to remove any sprawling or unkempt foliage Plants will be spreaded by cuttings When grown in borders or other formal garden areas, division may be needed every 2-3 years to maintain robustness (http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org) Picture 3.1: Coreopsis Blooms Powdery Mildew is the common disease in Coreopsis It canbe recognized by white powdery spores on leaves, flowers or shoots Sulfur powder is sprayed to prevent and treat powdery mildew in greenhouses 24 Picture 3.2: Powdery Mildew on Coreopsis leaves 3.5 Parameters and Methodology: Counting the number of leaves and measuring the height of plant every days • The experiment is on Coreopsis “ Solanna Golden Sphere” variety • The following soil are use: Coconut coir, Perlite and Volcanic Tuff • Time: from February to May, 2019 • Treatment group: Figure 3.3 Perlite Figure 3.4 Volcanic tuff 25 Figure 3.5: Rooting powder (T8) is Figure 3.6: Coconut coir added to all treatments to shorten the time for the growth of root Experiment is arranged in Randomized completely block design (RCBD) of formulas and replications Source: Racheli Solomon- Manager of Elite Stock, Danziger Company Table 3.1: Fertilizer Target Mo Cu Mn Zn Fe B P S K Mg Ca Na 0.05 0.07 0.30 0.15 0.60 0.17 27 20 160 22 67 0.06 0.10 0.50 0.25 1.00 0.26 38 26 225 35 105 0.09 0.14 0.70 0.35 1.40 0.36 55 38 320 47 145 Total N 120 180 250 EC 1.4 1.8 2.3 pH 5.5-6.6 LOW FERT 5.5-6.6 MEDIUM TARGET 5.5-6.6 HIGH Table 3.2: Experimental layout diagram Repeat Repeat Repeat Formula Formula Formula Formula Formula Formula Formula Formula Formula 26 I examined the influence of soil media on the growth and flowering of Coreopsis “solanna golden sphere” (The height and number of leaves are parameters I measure and the time when blossom retains) through the comparison between Coreopsis plants in treatment group and control group Figure 3.7: Dan Flower farm Figure 3.8: Water volume per one pot/ day: 530ml/day 3.6 The results Applying Irristat software to analyze the data: 27 Table 3.3: The height of Coreopsis in centimetre during the planting days Planting days Formula 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 8.43 11 15.67 17.5 22.6 27.3 32.5 Perlite 7.33 14.33 15.43 19.27 21.9 23.5 31 Tuff 8.27 10.83 15.6 18.9 21.5 26.17 30.57 Coconut coir Table 3.4 The number of buds and bloom per pot and the days blooms retained Planting days Formula 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Coconut 11.3 20.3 34.3 64.3 116.67 173.3 246.67 Perlite 11 23.67 33 42.67 95.67 175 223.3 Tuff 10.67 14 43 104.3 161.67 250.3 coir 31.67 Natural Flower Formula Flower buds Bloom Durability (day) Coconut coir Perlite Tuff 42.3 59.67 41.67 56.67 5.67 40 54 5.3 It can be seen that Coreopsis grew well in kinds of soil medias Clearly, characteristics of each kind of soil and drip irrigation with suitable level of fertilizer motivated the growth of both leaves and height of plant This leads to an increased yield which produce qualified blooms 28 CHAPTER DISCUSSION AND LESSON LEARNED 4.1 Discussion The study showed the effectiveness of high technology applied in greenhouses By observing the growth of Coreopsis in three different kinds of soil medias in the farm, it can be seen that efficient irrigation accompanied with using suitable soil will increase the yield as well as the quality of blooms Considering the price of each media According to Aviv Baruchi- Mangager of Beit Dagan Farm, Danziger Company, there is a difference between the price of media: Coconut peat: 326 Nis/L, Volcanic Tuff: 359 Nis/L, Perlite: 550 Nis/L Despite of the high cost, the blooms sold in flower market without right season is beneficial to farmers The demand of clients is always ensured In the aspect of irrigation, a certain volume of water and fertilizer supplied through drip system everyday plays an important role in the development of plants It is evident that the excess of water or fertilizer can result in wasting money and cause the waterlogged situation in pots.The propagation conducted in sterilized environment in greenhouses help maintain healthy mother plants 4.2 Lesson learned After 12 months trained in Danziger Flower Farm, Israel, I obtained many valuable experiences and had an opportunity to approach high technology in flower production Coming to Israel is a wonderful thing for me, it is an opportunity to study and experience where there is such a strong agricultural development, it really helps my work later In details, I was instructed how to 29 choose the best quality of the top shoots or cut-flower and harvest cuttings I was warned about the importance of packaging process The organizing of products in plastic bags decides the quality of cuttings Any mistakes in the labels on bags or the wrong organization of shoots will cause a damage on nurseries Working in hard environment and collaborating with colleagues coming from different countries is a good way for me to develop teamwork skills as well as increase adaptable ability Besides, I learned how to manage time and make plans Working in greenhouses in year showed me that steps should be conducted following a precised process Skipping any steps in process can increase work performance, though; but it possibly exerts negative impacts on the quality of products Being aware of the consequences help me become a responsible person who always the best to complete the duties and not being for fear of mistakes 30 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION The internship course in Israel is a chance for Vietnamese students to recognise the differences in technology of flower production between Israel and Vietnam While farmers in Vietnam continue to apply traditional methods such as planting flower varieties in the field, maintaining inherited genetic which is unhealthy, Israelis farmers access to innovation in genetics and constantly create new varieties that is more tolerant under severe weather conditions Israelis appreciate precise processes and irrigation aiming to minimize the usage of water resource as well as recycling materials in greenhouses Besides concerns to revenue, Israelis farmers respect for environment Studying influence of soil medias and technologies in greenhouses on Coreopsis appreciated important role of soils and environment to the quality of yield However, the price should be considered The knowledge of market will help farmers have wise decision that prevent from loss of financials 31 REFERENCES Hang 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Amazing Israeli Agriculture Industry.; 2016 18 Discover the Secrets of Dalat Hasfarm’s Rose Cultivation Technology Hasfarm, Dalat 19 Noi D Situation of Production and Consumption of Vietnamese Fresh Flowers in the 2006-2008 Period //luanvan.co/luan-van 20 Thy B Promote the Application of High Technology to Growing Flowers and Ornamental Plants.; 2019 21 Minh DT High-Tech Application of Flowers and Ornamental Plants.; 2019 33 ... Storage the flower production - Observing the running of irrigation and installing drip irrigation in greenhouses 1.4 Profile of the cooperating agency Danziger company founded in 1953, Danziger company. .. application of information technology in production, between producers (farmers), biological engineers / farming engineers and Israeli software technology engineers are always maintaining an intimate... part in harvesting and packaging cut -flower productions for exporting to over 60 countries in the world The report suppies information about the standards of constructing flower greenhouses, involves