Meänh ñeà quan heä khoâng haïn ñònh ñöôïc ñaët sau nhöõng danh töø ñöôïc xaùc ñònh, vì theá nhöõng meänh ñeà naøy khoâng xaùc ñònh danh töø maø noù chæ noùi theâm veà ñieàu gì ñoù veà d[r]
(1)Tuesday May , 25th 2010
Buổi I: Tense
1 Present Simple tense.( Thì đơn)
- Use : Để diễn tả việc cách tổng quát , không thiết nghĩ đến Ta dùng để nói đến mét việc xảy liên tục ,lặp lặp lại nhiều
lần , hay mơt điều ln ln ,dù cho việc có xảy lúc nói hay khơng điều khơng quan trọng
- Form: + S + V/Vs / es + ……… Ex -The earth goes around the sun
- S + don’t/doesn’t + V+ ……… -We don’t have classes on Sunday
? Do/Does + S + V + ……….? - Does Lan speak French?
2 Past Simple Tense (Thì khứ đơn)
- Use : Diễn tả hành động xảy kết thúc thời điểm xác định khứ - Form: + S + V-ed(regular) / V2 ( column irregular) + ………… Ex : - He arrived here yesterday
- S + didn’t + V + ……… - She didn’t go to school yesterday
? Did + S + V + ……… ? - Did you clean this table? - Note: Thì khứ đơn thường dùng với cum từ thời gian xác định
khứ : ago, last week / month / year , a week / days / months , yesterday,
yesterday morning / evening, In+ năm, from 2000 to2005 - Cách đọc đông từ khứ đơn với “ ED”:
+ “ ED”: đọc /t/ động từ nguyên mẫu có âm tận /f/, /k/, /p/, /s/,/t/, //
Ex : laughed , asked , helped , watch , pushed , dressed , ………
+ “ ED”: đươcï đọc /id/ động từ nguyên mẫu có âm tận /d/ /t/ Ex : needed , wanted , waited , ……
+ “ ED”: đươcï đọc /d/ động từ ngun mẫu có âm tận âm cịn lại
Ex : enjoyed , saved , filled ,………
3 Present perfect tense( Thì hồn thành )
- Use :- Dùng để miêu tả hành động xảy khứ kết lưu đến
- Dùng để miêu tả hành động vừa xảy ( ta dùng với JUST)
- Dùng để miêu tả hành động hoàn tất sớm mong đợi (ta dùng với ALREADY) Ex: I have already finished this work
- Dùng để miêu tả hành động từ trước đến chưa không xảy ( ta dùng với EVER –NEVER) Ex: Have you ever been to Hue? I have never gone
(2)- Dùng để miêu tả hành động xảy ratrong khứ tính đến xảy (FOR) xảy từ lúc (Since)
* For : Chỉ thời gian kéo dài Ex: You have studied English for years (Khoảng thời gian )
* Since: thời gian lúc Ex: She has studied English since 2003 ( Mốc thời gian )
4 Future simple Tense ( Thì tương lai đơn)
- Use : Diễn tả hành động xảy thời điểm tương lai
- Form : + S + will / shall + V + ……… Ex: He will finish his homework
tomorrow
- S+ won’t / shan’t + V + ……… Lan won’t go to the zoo next
week
? Will / Shall + S + V + ……… ? Will you this exercise ?
5 Present progressive Tense ( Thì tiếp diễn )
- Use : Diễn tả hành động xảy vào thời điểm nói
-Form : + S + is / am/ are + V-ing + ……… Ex : I’m learning English now
- S + is / am/ are + not + V-ing + …… He isn’t learning English now
? Is / Am / Are + S + V-ing + ………? Is he reading books now?
- Note: Thì tiếp diễn thường dùng kèm với trạng từ : now, right now,at present , at the moment để nhấn mạnh tính chất diễn tiến hành động
lúc nói Hoặc động từ: look, listen …đứng đầu câu
6 Near Future: Be going to ( tương lai gần )
- Form : S + is / am/ are + going to + Vinf
- Use : Dùng nói việc mà định làm hay dự định làm tương lai
Ex : There is a good film on TV tonight I’m going to stay home to watch TV - Note : Be going to dùng để dự đốn tình xảy
Ex: I feel tired I think I’m going to be sick
* PRACTICE:
I/ Give the correct tense form of the verbs in each sentence
1 The students ( Play)……… badminton at the moment
2 Ba and Phong (know)……… each other quite well for years The phone (ring)……… at midnight last night
4 The Brown (travel) ………to Asia many times
5 What you (do) ………last weekend? - I (go)……… to the theater with my family
6 John and I (be)……… pen pals for nearly three years
(3)8 Minh (know) a little English, so she (wish)……… she (can) speak it fluently
9 Maryam (stay) with us at the moment She (be)……… my sister's friend
10.My mother (wash) the dishes while we (clean)……… the floor 11.Listen! The teacher (explain)……… the lesson
12.Viet Nam (have)……… a lot of mountains and there (be) many tall and big trees there
13.Lan (borrow)……… some books from the library since Monday
14.Uyen (take) ………a bus to school every day
15.The sun always (rise) in the east Look , It ( rise) ! 16 I not think I (go) out tonight I am too tired
17 The moon (move) around the earth
18 Mai (be) very happy when she(receive) a letter from her sister this morning
19 Would you like(join) my class next Sunday? We ( visit) the local museum
20 My father (read) now He always ( read) a book after dinner
21 A friend of my brother,s (call) him last night , but he (not
be) at home So I (take) a message for him
22 Are you busy this evening ? – Yes ,I (meet) Tuan at the library at seven We (study) together
23 Mai ( telephone) you when she comes back
24 When we (be) small , our family (live) in the countryside
25Phuong (not finish)……… her homework yet
26 Miss Trang is in hospital – Yes , I know I (visit) her tomorrow
27 I ( read ) an interesting book at the moment I (lend) it to you when I finish it
28 Look at the those black clouds It (rain) 29 I (not invite) her to the party because I
(forget) her phone number
30 Look! Our new teacher (come) She (have) long , black hair
(4)32 Please stop (talk) ; I (try) (finish) a letter to the Y&Y Green Group
33 I (not go) out this evening I (stay) at home 34 The film (begin) at 7.30 or 8.00?
35 We (have) a party next sunday Would you like (come) ? 36 While my sister and I (watch) a movie on TV last night , our uncle in the USA (phone)
(5)Saturday May , 28th 2010
Buæi 2: The pasive voice
*example: This test was done by me easily *form
Trong động từ BE phụ thuộc vào động ( V ) câu chủ động
Nếu động từ Thì động từ BE
HT§ => IS / AM / ARE
HTTD => IS / AM / ARE + BEING
TL§ => WILL BE / SHALL BE
QK§ => WERE / WAS
HTHT => HAVE / HAS BEEN
MODAL VERB => MODAL VERBS + BE
* Note: Khi chủ ngữ câu chủ động là: THEY, PEOPLE, SOMEONE, NO ONE,
ANYONE đổi sang câu bị động khơng có By agent Nhưng danh từ làm chủ ngữ bắt buộc phải có agent
PRACTICE:
Question :Put each verb in brackets into a suitable form
1 When I entered his room, I ( see )……… him ( sleep )……… in a chair If only I ( have )……… money with me, I ( lend )……… you some
3 I thought that as he ( leave )……… the next week, he certainly ( come )………… to say goodbye
4 There ( be )……… no rain here for two months
5 We watched the children ( jump )… from the window and ( fall )…….into a blanket ( hold )… by the people below
6 I'm sorry about the noise last night We ( have )……… a party
7 Look ! A man ( run )……… after the train He ( want )……… to catch it When we ( take )……… our exams, we (have)……… a holiday
Question 2: Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage Use only one
word in each space
Many years there lived a king was very rich and powerful, but he always ill and unhappy One day his doctor said him, "There is 5.thing that will make you well and happy You must the shoes of a man who is never unhappy" The king asked hundreds men they were always They all said they 10 sometimes happy and sometimes 11 At last he 12 a poor
S + V + O + adv of place + adv of time
(6)fisherman who said he was happy every day from 13 till night "Give me your shoes quickly", the king said
The 14 laughed, " I am sorry", he answered, " I never had a 15 of shoes in my life"
Question 3: Complete the following sentences with an appropriate form of the word in
the brackets.
1 I believe you because you are ……….( truth )
2 Young children are often very ( live ) They can't sit still for a moment
3 A ……….( think ) person is the one who is kind
4 Please ( fast ) your seat belt The plane is taking off
5 I feel so ( sleep ) that I'm going to bed He gave no ( explain ) for his absence
7 The weather was terrible, so we had a very ……….( please ) holiday I think it's very (reason) of him to expect us to work over time every night this week
Question 4: Choose the most suitable word or phrase to complete each sentence
1 We welcome you to our city You ( Welcome / are welcome / have welcomed / are welcoming) to our city
2 It was ( Very / enough / such / so ) an interesting book that he couldn't put it down I ( was used to enjoying / was used to enjoy / used to enjoy / used to enjoyingdetective stories but I don't anymore
4 Near the White House is an other land mark (is which /which called / called / it is called)the Washington Monument
5 The floor in the room was so durty as if it (hadn't swept / hadn't been swept/haven't been swep /wouldn't have swept)for days
6 I congratulate him( In / at / with / on ) his success
7 We saw some people (Them / their / whose / of which ) car had broken down (It / One / There / When ever ) doesn't seem to be anyone at home
9 He sat with his arms (Across / on / upon / along ) his chest
10 The sun was (After / in front of / behind / beside) clouds.Questtion5: a- Correct
Grammatical mistakes.
Would you mind to give me a book They've finished to work on their report Mr Smith has his eyes test twice a year
(7)b- Use the following sets of words and phrases to write complete sentences:
1 It / very kind / you / make friend / me
2 This book / enough / interesting / you / read / it The fruit / green / too / be eaten
4 He / is / used to / live / big city 5.The teams / playing / an hour
Question 6: Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the
same
1 She knows a lot more about it than I I don't know Let's go abroad for our holiday this year Why During dinner, the phone rang While I It takes six hours to drive from London to Edinburgh It is a Is this car yours Do you ? He could not afford to buy the car
The car Your hair needs cutting It's time you
8 If you run a lot, you'll become healthy The
9 Nam will be eighteen next week It is Nam's
(8)Tuesday June , 1st 2010 Buæi 3: REPORTED SPEECH – TAG QUESTION
I REPORTED SPEECH (Lời nói gián tiếp)
LỜI NÓI TRỰC VÀ GIÁN TIẾP (Dicrect and Indirect Speeches)
1 Giới thiệu: Trong câu trực tiếp thông tin thẳng từ người thứ sang người thứ hai
(người thứ nói trực tiếp với người thứ hai)Trong lời nói trực tiếp, ghi lại
chính xác từ, ngữ người nói dùng Lời nói trực tiếp thường thể bởi: dấu ngoặc kép " " - tức lời nói đặt dấu ngoặc kép
Ví dụ: - He said, “I learn English”
Trong câu gián tiếp, thông tin từ người thứ qua người thứ hai đến người thứ
ba Khi câu có biến đổi mặt ngữ pháp
He said he had bought a new motorbike for himself the day before
2 Những thay đổi lời nói Trực Gián tiếp: 2.1 Đổi câu:
Direct speech Indirect speech
Simple Present
“I never eat meat,” he said Present Progressive
“I’m waiting for Ann,” he said Present perfect
“I have found a flat,” he said Future
He said, “I will be in Paris on Monday”
But note, Conditional
I said, “I would like to see it?”
Simple Past
= He said that he never ate meat. Past Progressive
= He said that he was waiting for Ann. Past perfect
= He said that he had found a flat. Conditional
= He said he would be in Paris on Monday. Conditional
= I said I would like to see it (no tense change)
2.2 Các thay đổi khác: a.Thay đổi Đại từ
Các đại từ nhân xưng đại sở hữu chuyển từ lời nóitr ực tiếp sang lời nói gián tiếp thay đổi bảng sau:
(9)Đại từ nhân xưng
Chủ ngữ I he, she
we they
you they
Tân ngữ me him, her
us them
you them
Đại từ sở hữu
Phẩm định my his, her our their your their Định danh mine his, her
ours theirs
yours theirs
b.Các thay đổi trạng từ không gian thời gian:
Trực tiếp Gián tiếp
This That These Here Now Today Ago Tomorrow
The day after tomorrow Yesterday
The day before yesterday Next week Last week Last year That That Those There Then That day Before
The next day / the following day In two day’s time / two days after The day before / the previous day Two day before
The following week
The previous week / the week before The previous year / the year before
2.3 Imperatives
Direct speech Indirect speech
Affirmative
Imperative Mike said to Henry, “Give me my V1 + …… book back, please.”
S+ told / asked B + to + V1 + ……
Mike told Mary to give him his book back
Negative
Imperative Don’t + V "Don't play on the grass, boys," 1 + …… she said
S+ told / asked B + not + to + V1 + ……
She asks the boys not to play on the grass
2.4 Questions in indirect speech
Direct speech Indirect speech
(10)1 “Do you know My Son, Nga?” Nhi asked
2 “Is My Son far from Hanoi? Nhi asked
3 He said, “Will you be here tomorrow?”
4 “Is there a post office near here?” she asked me
= Nhi asked Nga if/ whether she knew My Son. = Nhi asked Nga if/ whether My Son was far from
Hanoi.
= He asked if/ whether she would be there the next day.
= She asked me if/ whether there was a post office near there
Wh_questions
1 He said, “Where is she going?” He said, “Where does she live?” “Who lives next door?”
2.S+ asked B + Wh- / How + S + V2 + ……
= He asked where she was going. = He asked where she lived. = He asked who lived next door.
B Practice:
I Change into reported speech: (Affirmative Imperatives: ) 1He said to me:” Let’s go to the zoo.”
2.She said to her classmate:” Be quiet, please!” He said to us, "Run more quickly."
The mother said to her son, “ move here, please.” My sister said to me, “ Open the window.”
He said to me:” Don’t make a noise.”
She said to the passer-by:” Don’t turn left at the two blocks ahead.”
She said to her classmate:” Don’t talk in class.” “Where are you going?” Lan asked
Lan asked
10 “How far is it from HCM to Vung Tau?” A tourist asked
A tourist asked
11 “How many people are there in your family?”
She asked
12 “How you go to the airport?”
His friend asked
13 “Do you like sports?”
Hoa asked
14 “Does Hoa play soccer?”
Lan asked
15 “Will it rain tomorrow morning?”
She asked her
16 “Are Tam and Hoa late for class?”
(11)là câu hỏi ngắn thêm vào câu trần thuật Khi sử dụng loại câu hỏi nên nhớ khơng nhằm mục đích đê hỏi mà nhằm để khẳng định lại ý kiến thân biết
- Nếu động từ phần thể khẳng định phần phủ định ngược lại - Động từ to be dùng trực tiếp, động từ thường dùng trợ động từ to do, động từ thời kép: future, perfect, progressive dùng với trợ động từ thời
- Các thành ngữ there is, there are it is dùng lại phần đuôi
- Động từ to have tiếng Anh người Mỹ động từ thường dùng với trợ động từ to do
Ví dụ:
There are only twenty-eight days in February, aren’t there? It’s raining now, isn’t it? It isn’t raining now, is it?
1 Câu đề nghị let’s câu hỏi shall: Let’s go, shall we? Let’s listen to some music, shallwe?
The subject of the tag is always a pronoun.(Chủ ngữ câu hỏi đuôi đại từ)
5 Câu mệnh lệnh:
Do/ Don’t something, will you?
Ex: Open the door, will you? / Don’t be late, will you?
6 Câu mệnh lệnh: nhắc nhở nguy hiểm xảy dùng (won’t you)
Ex:Be careful with that dog, won’t you? / Don’t forget to check it, won’t you? 7 Câu: I am … , aren’t I? I’m late, Aren’t I?
8 Ở phần câu có từ mang nghĩa phủ định: never, seldom, rarely,hardly, nobody,
none = no one, nothing, no, neither… Thì phần phải thế khẳng định
Ex: She never gets angry, does she?
No salt is allowed, is it?(Đại từ thay cho danh từ không đếm “it”)
9 Ở phần câu chủ ngữ đại từ tân ngữ phủ định; nothing, something, every thing, this, that phần ta dùng đại từ “it”
Ex: Every thing will be all right, won’t it?
10 Nếu tân ngữ đại từ tân ngữ phủ định: nothing, nobody, no one, none of them phần khẳng định.
Ex: You like nobody here, you? / She met no one at the party, did she? The teacher had no book, did he?
11 Nếu phần câu có sử dụng tính từ phủ định : few, little phần khẳng định.
Ex: She eats little rice today, does she? ? She bought few books, does she?
12 Nếu phần câu có sử dụng động từ phủ dịnh phần khảng định Deny + Ving: trối cãi, Refuse to + V Từ chối, fail to + V
She denies stealing your money, does she? B Practice:
I Complete the sentences with the correct tag questions
(12)3 You are afraid of dogs, ? She doesn’t believe you, ? I haven’t met you before, ?
6 The children weren’t surprised, ? You gave him my address, ?
8 Your sister can speak English well, ? You have a new computer, ?
10 He didn’t wake you up this morning, ? 11 Let’s go for a walk, ?
12 I think he will join us, ?
13 The questions were very difficult, ?
14 Lan enjoys watching television after dinner, ? 15 Tam didn’t go to school yesterday, ?
16 Your father bought you new books, ?
17 We should follow the traffic rules strictly, ? 18 They don’t like foreign films, ?
(13)Friday June , 4th 2010 Buæi : Conditional sentence and preposition
a Conditional sentence:
I Câu điều kiện loại 1(có thể xảy & tương lai):
If Clause(mệnh đề If ) Main Clause( m.đề )
HTÑ am/is/are
V1/Vs-es (don’t/doesn’t-V1)
(Chủ ngữ : He,She,It + Vs,es)
will/can/may +V1
Ex : I will stay at home if it rains
If you leave before 10 o’clock, you will catch the train easily
II. Câu điều kiện loại 2:
If Clause(mệnh đề If ) Main Clause( m.đề
chính )
QKBT were/ weren’t
V2/V-ed (didn’t+V1)
Would/Could/Might + V1
Ex : If I lived near your house, I would take you to school everyday
III Practice:
Complete the sentences with the correct verb forms
1 If we keep our environment clean, we(live) ……… a happier and healthier life
2 If Mrs Hoa (write) ……… a shopping list, she will not forget what to buy If he (be) ……… rich, he would travel around the world
4 She (buy) ……… a new car if she had much money Mrs Lan will join us if she (finish)……… her work early
6 If we plant more trees along the streets, we (have) ……… more shade and fresh air
7 If I (be) ………… you, I wouldn’t that
8.He (go) ……… swimming if he had free time
9 If the rice paddies are polluted, the rice plants (die) ……… 10 If it ( rain)……… this evening, I won’t go out
12 If he had a car, he (drive) ……… it to work
b preposition:
(14)VD: at night/ three o’clock in the afternoon b In + tháng / năm / mùa
VD: In 1978 / June / summer In + the morning / afternoon / evening c On + ngày tuần / ngày tháng năm
VD : on Monday / January 4th, 2007 d From … to : từ … đến …
from + điểm thời gian + to + điểm thời gian
VD: We have classes from o’clock to 11.15 e For + khoảng thời gian:
VD: for two hours , a week … f By + điểm thời gian: trước
VD: by five o’clock g After + time:
VD: after breakfast / lunch / dinnet…
h Between + điểm thời gian + and + điểm thời gian: khoảng từ … đến … Between + kiện
i Till / Until + điểm thời gian: đến luc, đến II Giới từ nơi chốn:
a On:
* (chạm vào, sát vào, bao phủ tạo thành phần bề mặt VD: On the wall / grass / table
* ( đại lộ, đường) VD: on Tran Hung Dao Street
* / phương tiện chuyên chở VD: on the plane / train…
* / dựa
VD: on his back, on horse back … b At + địa :
VD: at 10 Ngo Quyen Street c In + tên nước, tỉnh, thành phố
VD: in viet Nam, in Ho Chi Minh city d Một số giới từ vị trí khác:
above ( bên trên), around ( xung quanh), behind (đằng sau), below ( bên dưới), beside (bên cạnh), between (ở giữa), far from (ở xa), in front of (trước mặt), in the middle of ( giữa), inside (bên trong), near (gần), next to (bên cạnh), on the top of (trên đỉnh), outside (bên ngoài), under (bên dưới)
C Practice :
I.Fill in each gap with a suitable preposition.
(15)2 It seems difficult me to meet her now He doesn't depend his parents
4 If you have any trouble, ask help
5 This guidebook is full useful information
6 We still keep in touch each other although we live away each other He will go to China the end this week
8 She went out saying a word
9 What you often the weekends? 10 She was born September 15th.
12.Don’t laugh ……… her or she’ll get angry
13 It’s very difficult to find work ……… the moment 14 In many ways you take ……….your mother
15 Parents are naturally anxious……… their children 16 I’m sure you will succeed ………this entrance test 17 We try to prevent people ……….littering
18 I’m going to complain to the principal………. this
19 This computer is still ……….guarantee 20 Money is not essential……… happiness
21 She is ……….far the best teacher I have ever had
II Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences: 1.This is the worst film I've ever seen
A.which B whose C.whom D what
2.It's good you to be so helpful
A.to B.of C.with D.for
3.Let's save energy, ?
A.do we B.will we C.shall we D.don't we
4.What would you if you a hero in history?
A.met B.would meet C.could meet D.meet
5.I don't like iced tea,
A.he doesn't, too B.so does he C.he does either D.neither doesn't
he
6.He works he can
A.so hard as B.as hard as C.so hardly as D as hardly as
7.The hotel we stayed is the most expensive
A.which B.in which C.where D.B & C are correct
8.He asked me
A I was doing what B.what was I doing C.what I was doing D.what
I was doing?
(16)1.She (go) jogging twice a week, but she (go) by bike yesterday because she (feel) sick 2.She (drive) the same car since she (buy) it
3.If you work hard, you (pass) your exam
4.What she (do) when you (arrive) her house yesterday? IV Complete the passage with the words in the box
knows understanding things subjects written to
know friendship in what many
English is a very useful language If we (1) English we can go to any
country we like We will not find it hard to make poeple understand (2) we want to say English also helps us to learn all kind of (3) Hundred of books are
(4) in English everyday in (5) countries English has also helped to spread ideas and knowledge (6) all corners of the world Therefore, the English
language has helped to spread better (7) and (8) among countries of the world
V Read the text carefully then answer the questions
You ask me what I think about my dad Great! I must tell you my dad is the best person in the world Do you know what I mean? He is a considerate and generous man who is love not only by all his friendsbut also by all his family His sense of humor distinguishes from others In a word, my dad is terrfic I'm so proud of him and love him so much
1.Who you think the writer sends this poscard to?
2.What does he think about his father?
3.What quality makes his father different from others?
4.Is he so proud of his father?
VI Rewrite the following sentences in such a way that it has the same meaning as the first given
1.They asked me some questions at the interview
I 2."Do you want to see the cathedral?"said the guide
The guide aske
(17)I
wish He is an architect He designed the new city library
(18)Saturday June , 12nd 2010 Buæi 5: Making suggestions compliment Connectives I) Making suggestions ( Unit 7)
Ex : I suggest going on a picnic next Sunday
I suggest that we should go on a picnic next Sunday Shall we go on the picnic ? = Let’s go on a picnic Why don’t we go on a picnic next Sunday?
How about going on a picnic next Sunday?
II) Giving a compliment and respond to a copliment (Unit 8)
Giving a compliment Respond to a compliment
- Well done : làm tốt
- That’s a great / an excellent :Đó tuyệt vời
- Let me congratulate you on : để chúc mừng bạn
- Thanks
- It’s nice of you to say so: bạn thật từ tế nói
- That’s very kind of you III) Connectives ( Liên từ / Từ nối)
And (và), but (nhưng), however (tuy nhiên), because (bởi vì) = since = as, so (vì thế,vì vậy), therefore (vì thế, đó) , or(hoặc)
@ Notes :
- “but” “however” liên kết hai ý trái ngược “but” đặt sau dấu phẩy
- “ however” thường đặt đầu câu sau có dấu phẩy Ex : I like rock, but she likes pop
I like rock However, she likes pop
I suggest + V-ing : đề nghị I suggest + that-clause
Shall we + Inf ? = Let’s + Inf : chuùng ta haõy
Why don’t we + Inf ? : Tại không ? How about + V-ing ? : Còn ?
(19)- “because, since, as” đứng trước mệnh đề nguyên nhân, lý “so, therefore” đứng trước mệnh đề kết qủa “So” đặt sau dấu phẩy, “therefore” đặt đầu câu sau có dấu phẩy
Ex : We didn’t eat out because it rained hard It rained hard, so we didn’t eat out
It rained hard Therefore, we didn’t eat out IV) Phrasal Verbs ( Các cụm động từ)
Turn on / off /up / down : mở, bật / tắt / vặn lớn, mở to / vẵn nhỏ
Look for / after / up/ down / forward to:tìm kiếm / chăm sóc / nhìn lên,tra nghĩa / nhìn xuống / mong đợi
Take care of : trông nom, chăm sóc
Take part in : tham gia vào
Go on : tiÕp tôc B) EXERCISES
I) Rewrite these following sentences, using the the cues given
1) We are amazed Our team won the first prize
We are amazed that 2) She hurt you She was very sorry
She was very sorry that 3) They couldn’t went in their house They had no key
Because……… ,so since
,so 5) They canceled the flight The weather was too bad
As Therefore, 6) The win was strong The children went sailing
Although 7) Tom knows a lot about Vietnamese cultural He’s never been to Vietnam .even though
8) It was very cold outside They kept looking for the victims ……… so………
(20)II) Choose the best answers.
1) They suggested ( coming / come / came ) back to the town 2) I think we should (help / helping / to help) the poor
3) Why don’t we ( join / joining / joined ) them ? 4) Let’s ( going / go / to go ) for a drive
5) My brother, ( which / that / who) studies in The USA, is very good at Math 6) I really love the stories ( that / who / whose ) were written by Mark Twain 7) - That’s a great idea – ( Thank you / you’re welcom/ Not at all )
8) What would you if you ( have / had / has) one million dolards? 9) If I am free , I ( will go / would go / went) with you
10) If it (doesn’t rain / didn’t rain / rain not ), these plants will die 11) I would fly to everywhere I like if I ( am / were / be ) a pilot
12) If you go to school late , the teacher ( punish / will punish / would punish) you
III Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense form.
1 If we ( not water) ……… these flowers regularly, they will die They ( not see) ……… each other since they left school
3 Why don’t we ( put ) ……… the garbage bins around the school yard to keep it clean
4 I suggest ( go ) ……… to school by bus every day
5 We (go) ……….to school late due to the traffic jam yesterday
6 I think we should ( buy) ……… some canned food before a typhoon
7 Although she never (trust) ………the weather forecast, she only likes watching them
8 Many people around the world say they ( see) ……… flying saucers If I (be) ……… you, I would stay at home
10.If Ba were rich, he ( traval) ……… around the world 11.………… you ever (see) ………… UFOs ?
12.The most dangerous earthquake in Japan ( occur) ………… in 1923 13.Most of our electicity now ( come) ………… from coal, mine and gas 14.We can ( save ) ……… natural resources by using solar energy 15.I ( learn) ……… English for four years
(21)Tuesday June , 15th 2010
Buæi : ADVERD CLAUSES OF RESULT – wish
I. ADVERD CLAUSES OF RESULT
1 Adverb clauses with “so”: Là mệnh đề trạng ngữ bắt đầu liên SO (vì vậy) diễn tả nguyên nhân dẫn đến kết quả
S + V +…, so + S + V…. -He didn’t work hard for the examination, so he failed
( He failed because he didn’t work hard for the examination)
2 Adverb clauses with “so/such….that”: mệnh đề trạng ngữ nối nguyên nhân với kết cách sử dụng so/such…….that
S + V +…So + adjective/ adverb+ that + S + V….
Jim is so intelligent that he always understands what I say
S + V +…such (a/an) + noun +that + S + V…. She is such a good student that all her teachers like her
*Practice:
I Match the half- sentences
A B match
1.The play was boring Liz was tired after the trip The bus was late
4 We didn’t like the food
5 The place was beautiful
A so she went to bed very early B so we got home after midnight C so Liz wanted to go there again D so we went home
E so we walked out of the restaurant
1 II Rewrite sentences by using SO:
1 They could help you because they were not here
→ ……… ………
2 I can’t go out because it’s raining
→ ………
3 This book is interesting enough for me to read twice
→ ……….………
4 There was fog Their flight was delayed
→ ……… ………
III Join each pair of sentences using SO ….THAT
1 The holidays were very cheap They booked one immediately
→ ……… ………
2 The plane was very late They got to bed at three in the morning
→ ……… ………
(22)→ ……… ………
4 The beach was very crowded There was hardly room to sit down
→ ……… ………
IV Rewrite sentences
1 The water was very dirty We decided not to go swimming
→ The water was so ………
2 She speaks English very well You would thing it was her native language
→ She speaks English so……… ………
3 The road is so narrow that it’s difficult for two cars to pass each other
→ It is ………
4 The weather was so warm that I didn’t need a coat
→ It was………… ………
V wish
1. Modal could with wish (review)
Formation: S + WISH (ES) + S + COULD + V1
2 The past simple with wish (review)
Formation: S + WISH (ES) + S + WERE / V2, V–ED / DIDN’T V1
*Practice:
I Choose the best answers
1 There is a small bamboo at the entrance to the village (forestry, wood, forest, tree)
2 He used to full time, but now he is a part time worker (work, working worded, word)
3 They in that house for several months (live, lived, have lived, are living)
4 It rains heavily, I can’t go to the movies with you (and, but, because, so)
5 He is considered one of the greatest of the country (heroes, heroin, heroines heroic)
II Choose the best words in brackets
1 Thao wishes she the tennis championship (will win, can win, could win, wins)
2 Phong wishes he Hanoi some day (will visit, would visit, visits, visited)
3 Lan wishes she an astronaut (is, was, were, be)
(23)5 The farmers wish it so heavily this season (wouldn’t rain, doesn’t rain, won’t rain)
6 My sister wishes she her bike to school (can ride, rides, could ride, ridden)
7 He wishes he around the world (can travel, could travel, travel) They used up early (get, to get, getting)
9 They wish they a new house (have, had, will have) 10 He wishes he a billionaire (were, is, will be)
III Write complete sentences: Thu / wish / have / new bike
→ ……… ………
2 I / wish / it / not rain / today
→ ……… ………
3 Lan can’t run as fast as her friends
→ Lan wishes……… ………
4 The Y&Y club cancels the meeting
→ The members wish ……… ………
5 Mai never visits the citadel in Hue
→ Mai wishes……… ………
6 Tuan doesn’t write the composition
→ Tuan wishes→ ……… ………
IV Choose the suitable prepositions in brackets:
1 She has been here yesterday (in, since, for, on) We will go a picnic next week (in, at, on, to)
3 She took many pictures to show the trip her parents (of, for, to, with)
4 There is a meeting a.m and p.m (in, till, between, at) We have lived in Hanoi years (in, since, for, at)
6 She was born 16th January (in, of, at, on)
7 I’ve studied French last week (for, since, in)
8 arrived at the bus stop at the afternoon (in, at, on, to) What did she the weekend? (on, in, to, for)
V Choose the suitable prepositions in brackets
1 Ba and Tam usually go fishing the weekends (on, in, from, at) The students will visit the capital the summer (on, in, at, of) They heard a very strange noise midnight (on, in, at, out)
(24)5 The competitions will take place 8a.m and 12a.m (from, between, up to, to)
6 She talked an hour to persuade her parents (in, for, at, up to) They have learned English many years (since, for, in, from) The boys often go skiing the winter (in, at, on, for)
9 I’ve studied French months (for, since, in)
(25)Thuday June , 17th 2010
Buæi 7: VERBS FORMS (1)
A Revision: I V-bare
1 S + used to/ would rather/ had better/can + V1 (Ai từng/ thích / nên hơn/ có thể) 2 S + keep/ make/ let/ have + O + V1 (active) (Ai giữ/ làm cho/ để/ nhờ +ai làm gì)
3 S + see/ hear/ notice/ watch + O + V1 (Ai thấy/ nghe/ ý / xem) II V-ing
S+ enjoy/ mind/ spend/ practice/ avoid/ keep/ like/ suggest/ finish/ stop/ hate/ dislike/ + Ving Ai thích/ phiền/ trãi qua/ thực hành/ tránh/ giữ/ thích/ đề nghị/ hồn thành/ ghét/ khơng thích làm S + be(get) used to/ look forward to/ be worth/ have difficulty/ waste time/ (be) no use/ busy + Ving
Ai quen với việc/ mong chờ/ xứng đáng/ gặp khó khăn/ lãng phí thời gian / vơ ích/ bận việc làm gì. B Practice: I Choose and underline the best answers:
1. I used to (watch - watching - watches – watched) that film when I was ten 2. They always help their mother (do –to - doing – done) the house work 3. You should (wash – to wash – washing – washed) your hands before meals 4. You ought (wash – to wash – washing – washed) your hands before meals 5. I am used to (getting – get – to get – got) up early
6. Do you mind (open – to open – opening – opened) the door? 7. I look forward to (see – seeing – saw – seen) your reply
8. We go to school in order (to prepare – prepared – preparing – prepare) our future 9. We suggest (go – going – to go – went) on a picnic
10.The sad movie made me (cry – to cry – crying – cried). II.Complete the form of the verbs in parentheses:
1 You must (wash) your hands before meals I am used to (stay) up late
3 They let him (play) here It’s no use (tell) him the truth You had better (be) there on time I used to (visit) Nha Trang
7 Mai is busy (cook) in the kitchen I have difficulty(learn) English It is a waste of time (wait) for him 10.I hear him (sing) in the room
III Finish the following sentences in such a way that it’s as similar in meaning to the original sentences.
(26)2.I often went to the cinema at weekends.→ I used
3.Shall we go to the movies tonight?
→ He suggests.
4.Can you help me?
→ Do you mind
5.He doesn’t find any difficult to get up early
→ He is used to
IV Rewrite the sentence as directed.
1 She couldn’t come to class because of her illness
Since ……… Children often give their mothers flowers on the Women’s Day Children’s mothers ……… Those students were punished They didn’t their homework
Those students, ……… Although it was a bad day, we went out for a picnic
In spite of ………
5 Despite her doctor’s warnings, Carol has continued to smoke Even though………
6 The man is a doctor He lives next door to us
The man who The woman is a teacher Her son is very naughty
The woman whose The storm destroyed the city completely
The city If it doesn’t rain, our crop won’t be good
Unless 10 Although his leg was broken, he managed to get out of the car
In spite of 11 People grow rice in tropical countries
Rice 12 Going fishing with friends and family is fun
It 13 I didn’t attend the course last summer and now I regret it
I wish 14 He likes reading novels better than watching TV
He prefers 15 Despite her dislike for coffee, she drank it
(27)16.Shall we go to the cinema tonight ?
What about 17 It was raining, so we decided to postpone our camping
Because 18.I bought a new computer It cost me a lot of money.(which)
19 I think it would be a good idea to take the train
I suggest 20 I know some people They live in London.(who)
21 It was a beautiful day We decided to go out (so)
22 Lan is very sleepy She tries to finish her homework ( though)
(28)Friday June , 18th 2010
Buæi 8: VERBS FORMS (2)
A Revision:
1 S+ V+ adj/ adv + enough + (for O) + to V Ai đủ làm / (Điều gì) đủ cho để làm 2 S+ V+ too +adj / adv + (for O) + to V Ai làm / (Điều gì) cho để làm 3 It takes/ took + O + time + to V Ai thời gian để làm gì.
4 a S / It (be) + adj + (of/ for O) + to V Thật để làm gì.
b It’s very kind/ nice/ polite/ good of+ O + to V Ai thật làm gì.
8 S+ know/ understand/ ask…+ O + WH_ + to V
Ai biết /hiểu/ yêu cầu cách phải làm / điều phải làm / làm đâu/ thực
S+ ask/ tell/ beg/ advice/ request/ would like + O + to V Ai yêu cầu/ bảo/ cầu xin/ yêu cầu / thích làm 7 S+ ask/ want/ hope/ decide/ intend/ plan/ refuse + to V
Ai yêu cầu/ muốn/ hy vọng/ định / dự định/ lập kế hoạch/ từ chối làm gì.
B Practice: I Choose and underline the best answers:
1 He is not (enough old to/ old enough to/ enough old for/ old enough for) get married
2 What about (have – to have – having – had) fruits?
3 The test is too difficult for the pupils (finishing- finish – finished- to finish) in time Do you mind (close – to close – closing – closed) the door?
5 After (come – came – to come – coming) home, tom reads the morning newspaper We go to school in order (to prepare – prepared – preparing – prepare) our future The sad movie made me (cry – to cry – crying – cried)
8 We decided ( to stay – stay – staying – stayed ) at home because of the heavy rain
II Complete theform of the verbs in parentheses:
1 You must (wash) your hands before meals I am used to (stay) up late
3 It takes him hours (finish) this exercise
4 The test is too difficult for the pupils (finish) in time They let him (play) here
(29)8 The man shows us how (get) to the railway station I used to (visit) Nha Trang
10.Mai is busy (cook) in the kitchen
III Finish the following sentences in such a way that it’s as similar in meaning to the original sentences.
Peter is too young to see the horror film
→ Peter is not
I this exercise in three and a half hours
→ It takes
To see that film is interesting
→ It’s interesting
4.The test is so difficult that the pupils can not finish it in time
→ The test is too
5 We don’t have a lot of money , so we don’t buy a lot of new books Because ………
6 I lose the key , so I cannot get into the house
If ……… “Do you know my brother?” Nam asked
Nam asked “How many teachers are there in your school?” Lan asked
Lan asked … They will build a new market here next year
A new market 10 I bought a dictionary yesterday
A dictionary 11.Na likes swimming but she doesn’t know how to swim
Na wishes … 12 Lan is late because she gets up late
If Lan…… ……… 13 They are going to change the date of the meeting The date ………… ….……… 14 The last time I saw him was in 2004
I haven’t……… 15 Its years since we decorated this room
We haven’t ……… 16 Someone broke into John’s flat last week
(30)17 Please don’t turn on the radio
(31)Saturday June , 19th 2010
Buæi 9:
I Adjective and adverb - tính từ & trạng từ:
- Am/is/are/was/were + Adj (tính từ) Ex: She is beautiful
Look/sound/feel It looks modern smeel/keep
- Tính từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ Ex: An interesting book
- Trạng từ : - bổ nghĩa cho động từ thuong Ex: She sings beautifully
- Cách thành lập trạng từ :
+ Hầu hết trạng từ thể cách thành lập cách thêm LY vào tính từ: (tính từ tận “y” đổi thành “i” thêm “ly”
adjective + ly adverb Ex: slow + ly slowly
noisy noisily
+ Chú ý : Một số trạng từ đặc biệt : Ex: good well , fast fast , hard hard,
early early
Fill in the blank with “ Adj “ or “ Adv “
1 I can this exercise……… (easy)
2 Helen works very……… (hard) in her new job They look ……… (serious) students
4 I agree with you……… (complete) about that matter This apple is very………(soft)
6 They both study English very………(good) Helen is a ………(beautiful) girl
8 Her sister play the piano………(beautiful) He does his work……… (good)
Tom is a ………(lazy) pupi
II Relative clause ( Mệnh đề quan hệ )
1 Defining relative clause : Mệnh đề quan hệ hạn định : Dùng người
Chủ từ ( Subject) Who
That
Tân ngữ ( Object) Whom / Who
That
Sở hữu (possessive)
Whose
Dùng vật Which
That WhichThat Of whichWhose
(32)- WHO: Dùng thay cho cụm danh từ người , thay cho cụm danh từ vị trí chủ ngữ
Ex: My friend, Tuan, is very handsome Tuan can sing folk song very well => My friend, Tuan,who is very handsome can sing folk song very well => My friend, Tuan, who can sing folk song very well is very handsome - WHOM: Dùng thay cho cụm danh từ người , vị trí bổû ngư ( Complement)
Ex: The old lady to whom I spoke
- WHOSE: Là đại từ quan hệ sở hữu Nó thay cho danh từ người vật Ex: The film is about a poor-girl Her boy friend leaves her to marry a rich woman
- WHICH: Dùng thay cho cụm danh từ đồ vật ,ở vị trí chủ ngữ bổ ngữ Ex: Auld Lang Syne is a song Auld Lang Syne is sung on New Year’s Eve => Auld Lang Syne is a song which is sung on New Year’s Eve
- THAT : Dùng thay cho WHO/WHICH
* Relative adverb ( Trạng từ quan hệ )
- WHEN: Có thể dùng để thay “on which” “in which” (dùng để thời gian) Ex: The month when (in which) I was born
- WHERE: Có thể thay cho “at which” “in which” (dùng để nơi chốn) Ex: The resort where I enjoyed
2 Non-defining relative clauses : Mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định
Dùng người Chủ từ ( Subject)Who
That
Tân ngữ ( Object) Whom / Who
That
Sở hữu (possessive)
Whose
Dùng vật Which
That WhichThat Of whichWhose
Mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định đặt sau danh từ xác định, mệnh đề khơng xác định danh từ mà nói thêm điều danh từ cách cung cấp thêm số thơng tin Khơng giống mệnh đề quan hệ hạn định , chúng không thiết phải có câu , ta bỏ mà câu không trở nên mập mờ, chúng tách biệt với danh từ mà chúng thêm nghĩa dấu phảy (,)
PRACTICE:
10.Chinese people have a very special kind of soup This kind of soup is made from shark’s fin
11 A lot of fish died everyday They live in the polluted sea 12.We have a new teacher I really like her
(33)14.She ‘ll tell you the story That story will surprise you
15.The Nile is the home of a great variety of fish The Nile is in Egypt 16.Yesterday, I visited Tri Nguyen aquarium It has various species of fish 17.The movie Harry Potter is coming soon I’m longing to see it
18.Then he was caught in the mouth of a while shark.It is one of the most dangerous sea creatures
19.The most beautiful park is opposite my house It has a lot of big trees 20.The girl was injured in the accident She is now in hospital
21.A man anwered the phone He told me you were away 22.A waitress served us She was very impolite and impatient 23.A building was destroyed in the fire It has now been rebuilt 24.Some people were arrested They have now been released 25 A bus goes to the airport It runs every half an hour 26.Petr is studying French and German He has been abroad
27.You’ve all met Michael Wood He is visiting us for a couple of days 28.We are moving to Manchester.Manchester is the north west
29.I’ll stay with Adrian His brother is one of my closet friends
30.John Bridge is one of my oldest friends He has just gone to live in Canada 31.The Earth is a planet It can support life
32.The book is about the girl She runs away from home 33.A dictionary is a book It gives you the meaning of words 34.The man was very kind I talk to him yesterday
35.She is the woman I told you about her
(34)Monday June , 21th 2010
Buæi 10: PRACTICE WRITING
I Use these world to write the meaningful sentences:
1 This story book/very interesting/so/we/read/it/three times
……… Khoa / not old /enough / join /the army
……… Mr Thanh /said/he/ want / buy /a new shirt / daughter
……… I/ just/break/ the window
……… This watch/ needs / be /repair/ soon
……… Minh / wish/watch/that film/again
……… They/going /hold /a party /the garden /this evening
……… Our plans for a picnic /countryside/ have / cancel/by the weather
……… The air here/ not/fresh
……… 10 These questions/ too difficult/so/we /cannot/ answer
……… 11 I / learning/ / lessons/ while/ mother / cooking /the kitchen
……… 12 Because/he/ work/ very hard / the exam he passed it
……… 13 We/ not see/him/since 2002
……… 14 How long/ you /learn/French?
……… 15 How long / it /take / fly / Ho Chi Minh city to Hanoi?
……… 16 I/Jack/go/movie/last/week
……… 17 It/queit/peaceful/countryside
……… 18 They/last/stay/that house/2 months ago
……… 19 I/waiting/for him/ for hours/but/he/not come/yet
(35)II Rewrite the following sentences as direct
1.The old man is my grandfather.He lives next door. The old man, who lives 2.Let’s go abroad for our holiday this year.
Why don’t we ? 3.The cafe was crowded,but we found a table.
Although the 4.They export bananas to Europe (Viết câu bịđộng)
Bananas 5.I’m sorry I can’t remember her phone.
I wish I III Change these sentences into passive voice:
1 The teacher explains the lesson
_ Mrs Green is cooking the food in the kitchen
_ The doctor examined the patients
They will ask you several questions
_ These boys made that noise
_ The movie has disappointed us very much
_ People speak English all over the world
_ He gave her back the money last Sunday
_ I can’t these exercises quickly
_ 10.The police are holding him for further questioning
_ 11.My parents promised me two days ago
_ 12.Somebody has locked the box
(36)13.Did the clown make you laugh a lot last night?
_ 14.Someone calls the president every morning
_ 15.My friend can answer the questions
_ 16.The police found him in the forest
_ 17.She gave her sister a car
_ 18.John delivers the newspaper every morning
_ 19.She has given me some presents on my birthday
_ He is asking me a lot of questions
IV Choose the best answer:
1.Family members live apart try to be together.
A.who B.whom C.whose D.which
2 happens at around the same time as Passover.
A.Christmas B.Tet holidays C.Easter D.Halloween
3.Tet is a festival which in late January or early February.
A.ocurs B.occur C.occurs D.ocurrs
4.I love this motorcycle is a present from my uncle.
A.who B.which C.whom D.it
5.Hung tried to go to school today he was tired.
A.but B.because C.eventhough D.or
6.We lost the match we didn’t play well.
A.because B.but C.and D.although
7.Sally has worked here since she college.
A.has left B.leaves C.is leaving D.left
8.Thuy’s grandma turned the television to see the weather forecast.
A.off B.up C.on D.down
(37)1.Look! It is cloudy.It (rain)
(38)I V-bare
1 S + used to/ would rather/ had better/can + V1 (Ai từng/ thích / nên hơn/ có thể) VD: I used to live in a big city when I was young
2 S + keep/ make/ let/ have + O + V1 (active) (Ai giữ/ làm cho/ để/ nhờ +ai làm gì) VD: My mother let me to go to the circus
3 S + see/ hear/ notice/ watch + O + V1 (Ai thấy/ nghe/ ý / xem) VD: We notice her go to the office in time
II V-ing
S+ enjoy/ mind/ spend/ practice/ avoid/ keep/ like/ suggest/ finish/ stop/ hate/ dislike/ + Ving Ai thích/ phiền/ trãi qua/ thực hành/ tránh/ giữ/ thích/ đề nghị/ hồn thành/ ghét/ khơng thích làm VD: She enjoys whatching news
S + be(get) used to/ look forward to/ be worth/ have difficulty/ waste time/ (be) no use/ busy + Ving
Ai quen với việc/ mong chờ/ xứng đáng/ gặp khó khăn/ lãng phí thời gian / vơ ích/ bận việc làm gì. VD: I’m looking forward to seeing from you soon
6 S+ V+ adj/ adv + enough + (for O) + to V Ai đủ làm / (Điều gì) đủ cho để làm VD: He is enterligent enough to this test
7 S+ V+ too +adj / adv + (for O) + to V Ai làm / (Điều gì) cho để làm gì. VD: John is too young to drive a car
8 It takes/ took + O + time + to V Ai thời gian để làm gì. It take me 30 minutes to go to scool
9 a S / It (be) + adj + (of/ for O) + to V Thật để làm gì. VD: This shirt is to short for me to wear
b It’s very kind/ nice/ polite/ good of+ O + to V Ai thật làm gì. It is very kind of you to say so
10 S+ know/ understand/ ask…+ O + WH_ + to V
Ai biết /hiểu/ yêu cầu cách phải làm / điều phải làm / làm đâu/ thực hiện. VD: I don’t know what to
11 S+ ask/ tell/ beg/ advice/ request/ would like + O + to V
Ai yêu cầu/ bảo/ cầu xin/ u cầu / thích làm My mother asked me to go to the market
12 S+ ask/ want/ hope/ decide/ intend/ plan/ refuse + to V
Ai yêu cầu/ muốn/ hy vọng/ định / dự định/ lập kế hoạch/ từ chối làm gì. VD: They decide to buy a car
III.Making suggestion:
I suggest + V-ing : đề nghị
I suggest + that-clause
Shall we + Inf ? = Let’s + Inf :
Why don’t we + Inf ? : Tại không ?
How about + V-ing ? : Còn ?
What about + V-ing ? : Coøn ?
(39)11.I used to (watch - watching - watches – watched) that film when I was ten. 12.They always help their mother (do –to - doing – done) the house work 13.You should (wash – to wash – washing – washed) your hands before meals . 14.You ought (wash – to wash – washing – washed) your hands before meals. 15.I am used to (getting – get – to get – got) up early.
16.Do you mind (open – to open – opening – opened) the door? 17.I look forward to (see – seeing – saw – seen) your reply.
18.We go to school in order (to prepare – prepared – preparing – prepare) our future. 19.We suggest (go – going – to go – went) on a picnic.
20.The sad movie made me (cry – to cry – crying – cried).
9 He is not (enough old to/ old enough to/ enough old for/ old enough for) get married
10.What about (have – to have – having – had) fruits?
11.The test is too difficult for the pupils (finishing- finish – finished- to finish) in time 12.Do you mind (close – to close – closing – closed) the door?
13.After (come – came – to come – coming) home, tom reads the morning newspaper 14.We go to school in order (to prepare – prepared – preparing – prepare) our future 15.The sad movie made me (cry – to cry – crying – cried)
21.We decided ( to stay – stay – staying – stayed ) at home because of the heavy rain
II.Complete the form of the verbs in parentheses:
1 You must (wash) your hands before meals I am used to (stay) up late
3 They let him (play) here It’s no use (tell) him the truth You had better (be) there on time I used to (visit) Nha Trang
7 Mai is busy (cook) in the kitchen I have difficulty(learn) English It is a waste of time (wait) for him 10.I hear him (sing) in the room
22.It takes him hours (finish) this exercise
23.The test is too difficult for the pupils (finish) in time 24.They let him (play) here
25.It’s no use (tell) him (tell) the truth 26.You had better (be) there on time
27.The man shows us how (get) to the railway station 28.I used to (visit) Nha Trang
29.Mai is busy (cook) in the kitchen
III Finish the following sentences in such a way that it’s as similar in meaning to the original sentences.
(40)→ Peter is not
I this exercise in three and a half hours
→ It takes
To see that film is interesting
→ It’s interesting
4.The test is so difficult that the pupils can not finish it in time
→ The test is too
5 We don’t have a lot of money , so we don’t buy a lot of new books Because ………
* lêi nói gián tiếp
1 câu mệnh lệnh
(+) S+ told / asked B + to + V(bare) + …… VD: Mike told Mary to give him his book back
(_) S+ told / asked B + not + to + V(bare) + …… VD: She asks the boys not to play on the grass c©u hái
a ”yes –no” question
S+ asked B + if / whether + S + V(lùi khứ thì) + VD Nhi asked Nga if she knew My Son.
b “WH question”
S+ asked B + Wh- / How + S + V(lïi vỊ qu¸ khø th×) + …… VD: He asked where she was going.
* Câu diều kiện
Loại If clause Main clause I VD: If it rains
Form: If + S + V(s, es ) …
Use : §iỊu kiƯn cã thËt ë hiƯn tơng lai
Ill stay at home
S + will / shall + V(bare)
II VD: If I had enough money Form: If + S + V(ed- cột 2)
Use: Điều kiện thật hoạc tơng lai
(41)preposition:
I Giới từ thời gian: at, on , in , from … to, for, by, after, between, till, until … a At + thời điểm cụ thể VD: at night/ three o’clock in the afternoon b In + tháng / năm / mùa VD: In 1978 / June / summer
In + the morning / afternoon / evening
c On + ngày tuần / ngày tháng năm VD : on Monday / January 4th, 2007 d From … to : từ … đến … from + điểm thời gian + to + điểm thời gian VD: We have classes from o’clock to 11.15 e For + khoảng thời gian: VD: for two hours , a week …
f By + điểm thời gian: trước VD: by five o’clock
g After + time: VD: after breakfast / lunch / dinnet… h Between + điểm thời gian + and + điểm thời gian: khoảng từ … đến … Between + kiện
i Till / Until + điểm thời gian: đến luc, đến
II Giới từ nơi chốn:
a On:
* (chạm vào, sát vào, bao phủ tạo thành phần bề mặt VD: On the wall / grass / table * ( đại lộ, đường) VD: on Tran Hung Dao Street * / phương tiện chuyên chở VD: on the plane / train… * / dựa VD: on his back, on horse back … b At + địa : VD: at 10 Ngo Quyen Street
c In + tên nước, tỉnh, thành phố VD: in viet Nam, in Ho Chi Minh city d Một số giới từ vị trí khác:
above ( bên trên), around ( xung quanh), behind (đằng sau), below ( bên dưới), beside (bên cạnh), between (ở giữa), far from (ở xa), in front of (trước mặt), in the middle of ( giữa), inside (bên trong), near (gần), next to (bên cạnh), on the top of (trên đỉnh), outside (bên ngoài), under (bên dưới)
Practice:
1.The students will visit the capital the summer (on, in, at, of) They heard a very strange noise midnight (on, in, at, out)
3 Our little brother took a long nap from 1p.m 4p.m (till, up, between, at) The competitions will take place 8a.m and 12a.m (from, between, up to, to) She talked an hour to persuade her parents (in, for, at, up to)
6 They have learned English many years (since, for, in, from) The boys often go skiing the winter (in, at, on, for)
(42)Tenses(Thì) Active ( chủ động ) Passive ( bị động ) The simple present
( Thì đơn) Form: S + Vđấu hiệu:: Every(s, es ) …+ O, today,
In the morning, in the afternoon,……… Always, usually, often, sometimes,…… VD: I clean my room everyday
Form: S + am/ is/ are + PII + byO
VD: My room is cleaned by me everyday The simple past
( Thì khứ đơn ) Form: S + Vđấu hiệuự : last ( ed – cột 2)week …, ago, , yesterday, + O In+ naờm,
from 2000 to2005
VD: I cleaned my room yesterday
Form: S + was / were + PP + byO
VD: My room was cleaned by me yesterday
The present progressive (Th× HTTD)
Form : S + is/ am/ are + V(ing) + O
đấu hiệu: now, right now,at present , at the moment,
Look! Listen!
I’m cleaning my room now
Form: S + am/is/are + being + PP + byO
VD: My room is cleaned by me everyday The past progressive
(Th× QKTD )
Form : S + was /were + V(ing) + O
VD: I was cleaning my room at pm yesterday S + was/ were+ being + PP + byOVD: My room was being cleaned by me at pm yesterday
The present perfeect
(Thì hồn thành) Form : S + have/ has + PP + Ođấu hiệu: since, for, just, allready, rêcently, yet…
VD: I have cleaned my room since o’clock
Form: S + have / has + been + PP + byO
VD: My room h¸ been cleaned by me since o’clock
The simple future (Thì tơng lai đơn)
Form : S + will/ shall + V( Bare) + O
đấu hiệu: next…, tommrow VD: I’ll clean my room next Sunday
Form : S + will/ shall +be + PP) + O
VD: My room will be cleaned by me next Sunday The near future
(Thì tơng lai gần) Form : S + is/ am / are + going to + VVD: I’m going to cleaned my room tommorow( Bare) + O Form : S + is/ am / are + going to + be + VVD: My room is going to becleaned by me tommorow( Bare) + O Modal verbs
(§éng tõ khiÕm khuyÕt) Form : S + modal verbs + VVD: I can cleaned my room( Bare) + O Form : S + modal verbs + Be + by OVD: My room can be cleaned by me
Bảng động từ bất qui tắc thờng gặp
Stt V(bare) V(qk) V(pp) meaning Stt V(bare) V(qk) V(pp) meaning
1 Be Was/were Been Là, thì, 31 Keep Kept Kept Gi÷
2 Bear Bore Born Sinh, mang 32 Know Knew Known BiÕt
3 Beat Beat Beaten đánh bại 33 Learn Leart Learnt Học
4 Become Became Become Trở nên 34 Leave Left Left Rời đi,để lại
5 Begin Began Begun Bắt đầu 35 Lóe Lost Lost Mêt
6 Break Broke Broken ®Ëp vë 36 Make Made Made Làm, chế tạo
7 Bring Brought Brought Mang đến 37 Mêt Met Met Gặp
8 Build Built Built Xây dựng 38 Read Read Read đọc
9 Buy Bought Bought Mua 39 Ring Rang Rung Rung chuông
10 Catch Caught Caught Bắt, chụp 40 Run Ran Run Ch¹y
11 Choose Chose Chosen Chän, lùa 41 Say Said Said Nãi
12 Come Came Come đến,đi đến 42 Sê Saw Seen Thấy
13 Cut Cut Cut Cắt, chặt 43 Sell Sold Sold Bán
14 Do Did Done Lµm 44 Send Sent Sent Göi
15 Draw Drew Drawn vÏ, kÐo 45 Sit Sat Sat Ngåi
16 Drink Drank Drunk Uèng 46 Sleep Slept Sleapt Ngđ
17 Drive Drove Driven L¸i (xe) 47 Speak Spoke Spoken Nãi
18 Eat Ate Eaten ăn 48 Spend Spent Spent Tiêu xài
19 Fall Fell Fallen Rơi, té, ngã 49 Stand Stood Stood đứng
20 Feel Felt Felt Cảm thấy 50 Steal Stole Stolen đánh cắp
21 Find Found Found T×m thÊy 51 Swim Swam Swum B¬i
22 Fly Flew Flown Bay 52 Take Took Taken Cầm, nắm
23 Forget Forgot Forgotten Quên 53 Teach Taught Taught Dạy học
24 Forgive Forgave Forgiven Tha thø 54 Tell Told Told KĨ, b¶o
25 Get Got Got Có đợc 55 Think Thought Thought Suy nghĩ
26 Give Gave Given Cho 56 Throw Threw Thrown LiÖng, nÐm
27 Go Went Gone ®i 57 Understand Understood Understood HiĨu
28 Grow Grew Grown Mäc, trång 58 Wear Worn Worn Mæc
29 Have Had Had Cã 59 Win Won Won Th¾ng
30 Hear Heard Heard Nghe 60 Write Wrote Written ViÕt
Tenses(Thì) Active ( chủ động ) Passive ( bị động )
đại từ nhân xng Tân ngữ tính từ sỡ hữu đại từ nhân xng Tân ngũ tính từ sỡ hữu
I Me My He Him His
You You Your she her Her
we O Our it it its
(43)The simple present
( Thì đơn) Form: S + Vdấu hiệu:: Every(s, es ) + O…, today,
In the morning, in the afternoon,……… Always, usually, often, sometimes,…… VD: I clean my room everyday
Form: S + am/ is/ are + PII + byO
VD: My room is cleaned by me everyday The simple past
( Thì khứ đơn ) Form: S + Vdấu hiệuự : last ( ed – cột 2)week …, ago, , yesterday, + O In+ naờm, from
2000 to2005
VD: I cleaned my room yesterday
Form: S + was / were + PP + byO
VD: My room was cleaned by me yesterday The present progressive
(Th× HTTD) Form : S + is/ am/ are + VdÊu hiÖu: now, right now,at present , at the moment, Look! (ing) + O
Listen!
I’m cleaning my room now
Form: S + am/is/are + being + PP + byO
VD: My room is cleaned by me everyday The past progressive
(Th× QKTD )
Form : S + was /were + V(ing) + O
VD: I was cleaning my room at pm yesterday S + was/ were+ being + PP + byOVD: My room was being cleaned by me at pm yesterday The present perfeect
(Thì hoàn thành) Form : S + have/ has + PP + OdÊu hiƯu: since, for, just, allready, rªcently, yet… VD: I have cleaned my room since o’clock
Form: S + have / has + been + PP + byO
VD: My room has been cleaned by me since o’clock The simple future
(Thì tơng lai đơn) Form : S + will/ shall + Vdấu hiệu: next…, tommrow ( Bare) + O VD: I’ll clean my room next Sunday
Form : S + will/ shall +be + PP) + O
VD: My room will be cleaned by me next Sunday The near future
(Thì tơng lai gần) Form : S + is/ am / are + going to + V
( Bare) + O
VD: I’m going to cleaned my room tommorow Form : S + is/ am / are + going to + be + V
( Bare) + O
VD: My room is going to becleaned by me tommorow Modal verbs
(§éng tõ khiÕm khuyÕt) Form : S + modal verbs + VVD: I can cleaned my room( Bare) + O Form : S + modal verbs + Be + by OVD: My room can be cleaned by me
Cách chuyển câu chủ động thành câu bị động chủ động: S + V + O
1 tân ngữ câu chủ động làm chủ ngử câu bị động
2 TO BE đợc chia theo động từ câu chủ động
3 chủ ngử câu chủ động làm tân ngử câu bị động thêm ‘by’ trớc bị động: S + BE + PP + BY O
4 động từ câu bị đông động từ câu chủ động đa dạng PP
S + am/is/are + PP + (by + O)
S + am/is/are + being + PP + (by + O) S + has / have been + PP + (by + O) S + was / were + PP + (by + O)
S + was / were + being + PP + (by + O) S + had + been + PP + (by + O)
(44)* Thì đơn giản:
Active: S + V + O Vs/Ves
Passive: S + is / are / am + PP /V-ed …(by + O) Cột
Ví dụ: Lan cleans the house every day S V O
→ The house is cleaned by Lan every day * Thì qúa khứ đơn giản:
Active: S + V-ed / Cột + O (by + O) Passive: S + was / were + PP …
EX: Nam Cao wrote this book years ago S V O
→ This book was written by Nam Cao years ago * Thì tiếp diễn:
Active: S + am/is/are + V-ing + O
Passive: S + am / is / are + being + PP …/V-ed …(by + O) Ex: My mother is planting some trees in the garden now
→ Some trees are being planted in the garden by my mother now * Thì khứ tiếp diễn:
Active: S + was/ were + V-ing +O
Passive:S + was / were + being + PP …/V-ed …(by + O) Ex: She was decorating the room at a.m last Sunday
→ The room was being decorated at a.m last Sunday * Thì tương lai gần :
Active: S + am / is / are + going to + V +O
Passive: S + am / is / are + going to be + PP …V-ed …(by + O) Ex: He is going to whitewash the walls
.→ Thewalls are going to be whitewashed * Thì tương lai đơn giản:
Active: S + will + V + O
Passive: S + will + be + PP …
Ex: They will build a cinema here next year .→ A cinema will be built here nex year * Thì hồn thành:
(45)Passive: S + have / has + been + PP /V-ed ….…(by + O) Ex: We have used this car for five years
→ This car has been used for five years * Quá khứ hoàn thành
Active: S + had + V-PP …/V-ed + O
Passive: S + had been + PP /V-ed ….…(by + O) Ex: She had typed the letter by pm yesterday .→ The letter had been typed by pm yesterday
* Các động từ khuyết thiếu:
- S + should / may / might / can / could / must / ought to / would + be + PP … - S + have to / has to + be + PP …(by + O)
Ex: We have to feed the p[igs every day → The pigs have to be fed every day
- S + Used to + be + PP …(by + O): Ex: They used to call me “John”
→ I used to be called “John”
Các nội động từ (Động từ không yêu cầu tân ngữ nào) không dùng bị động My leg hurts
Đặc biệt chủ ngữ chịu trách nhiệm hành động khơng chuyển thành câu bị động
The US takes charge: Nước Mỹ nhận lãnh trách nhiệm
Nếu người vật trực tiếp gây hành động dùng by vật gián tiếp gây hành động dùng with
The bird was shot with the gun The bird was shot by the hunter
Trong số trường hợp to be/to get + P2 hồn tồn khơng mang nghĩa bị động mà mang nghĩa:
Chỉ trạng thái, tình mà chủ ngữ gặp phải Could you please check my mailbox while I am gone He got lost in the maze of the town yesterday
Chỉ việc chủ ngữ tự làm lấy
The little boy gets dressed very quickly - Could I give you a hand with these tires
- No thanks, I will be done when I finish tightening these bolts
Mọi biến đổi thời thể nhằm vào động từ to be, phân từ giữ nguyên to be made of: Được làm (Đề cập đến chất liệu làm nên vật)
(46)to be made from: Được làm từ (đề cập đến việc nguyên vật liệu bị biến đổi khỏi trạng thái ban đầu để làm nên vật)
Paper is made from wood
ÔN TẬP CHƯƠNG TRÌNH ANH 9 I Tense
(47)- Use : Để diễn tả việc cách tổng quát , không thiết nghĩ đến Ta dùng để nói đến moat việc xảy liên tục ,lặp lặp lại nhiều lần , hay mơt điều ln ln ,dù cho việc có xảy lúc nói hay khơng điều khơng quan trọng
- Form: + S + V/Vs / es + ……… Ex -The earth goes around the
sun
- S + don’t/doesn’t + V+ ……… -We don’t have classes on Sunday
? Do/Does + S + V + ……….? - Does Lan speak French?
2 Past Simple Tense (Thì khứ đơn)
- Use : Diễn tả hành động xảy kết thúc thời điểm xác định khứ - Form: + S + V-ed(regular) / V2 ( column irregular) + ………… Ex : - He arrived here yesterday
- S + didn’t + V + ……… - She didn’t go to school yesterday
? Did + S + V + ……… ? - Did you clean this table? - Note: Thì khứ đơn thường dùng với cum từ thời gian xác định
khứ : last week / month / year , a week / days / months , yesterday, yesterday
morning / evening, In+ naêm, from 2000 to2005
- Cách đọc đông từ khứ đơn với “ ED”:
+ “ ED”: đọc /t/ động từ nguyên mẫu có âm tận /f/, /k/, /p/, /s/,/t/, //
Ex : laughed , asked , helped , watch , pushed , dressed , ………
+ “ ED”: đươcï đọc /id/ động từ nguyên mẫu có âm tận /d/ /t/ Ex : needed , wanted , waited , ……
+ “ ED”: đươcï đọc /d/ động từ nguyên mẫu có âm tận âm lại
Ex : enjoyed , saved , filled ,………
3 Present perfect tense( Thì hoàn thành )
- Use :- Dùng để miêu tả hành động xảy khứ kết lưu đến
- Dùng để miêu tả hành động vừa xảy ( ta dùng với JUST)
- Dùng để miêu tả hành động hoàn tất sớm mong đợi (ta dùng với ALREADY) Ex: I have already finished this work
- Dùng để miêu tả hành động từ trước đến chưa không xảy ( ta dùng với EVER –NEVER) Ex: Have you ever been to Hue? I have never gone
- Dùng để miêu tả hành động xảy ratrong khứ tính đến xảy (FOR) xảy từ lúc (Since)
* For : Chỉ thời gian kéo dài Ex: You have studied English for
(48)* Since: thời gian lúc Ex: She has studied English since 2003
4 Future simple Tense ( Thì tương lai ñôn)
- Use : Diễn tả hành động xảy thời điểm tương lai
- Form : + S + will / shall + V + ……… Ex: He will finish his homework
tomorrow
- S+ won’t / shan’t + V + ……… Lan won’t go to the zoo next
week
? Will / Shall + S + V + ……… ? Will you this exercise ?
5 Present progressive Tense ( Thì tiếp diễn )
- Use : Diễn tả hành động xảy vào thời điểm nói
-Form : + S + is / am/ are + V-ing + ……… Ex : I’m learning English now
- S + is / am/ are + not + V-ing + …… He isn’t learning English now
? Is / Am / Are + S + V-ing + ………? Is he reading books now?
- Note: Thì tiếp diễn thường dùng kèm với trạng từ : now, right now,at present , at the moment để nhấn mạnh tính chất diễn tiến hành động lúc nói
6 Near Future: Be going to ( tương lai gần )
- Form : S + is / am/ are + going to + Vinf
- Use : Dùng nói việc mà định làm hay dự định làm tương lai
Ex : There is a good film on TV tonight I’m going to stay home to watch TV - Note : Be going to dùng để dự đốn tình xảy
Ex: I feel tired I think I’m going to be sick
7 The passive form (voice)
Form: BE + V3 /V-ed (past participle)
Ex: They sell jeans all over the world => Jeans are sold all over the world Note:
- Khi chủ ngữ câu chủ động là: THEY, PEOPLE, SOMEONE, NO ONE, ANYONE đổi sang câu bị động khơng có By agent Nhưng danh từ làm chủ ngữ bắt buộc phải có agent
- Với động từ đặc biệt (modal verbs): CAN, MUST, MAY, MIGHT, SHOULD, WILL, ta phải thêm BE trước chuyển động từ sang dạng PAST PARTICIPLE
S + modal verb + be + V-ed / V3 (past participle)
Ex : You must this exercise carefully => This exercise must be done carefully 8 Modal verbs
(49)- S + modal verb + not + V + ……… Ex : Hoa may not come to the party tomorrow
? Modal verb + S + V + ………….? Ex : May I come in ?
- Modal verb : must, mustn’t, needn’t, shouldn’t, should, ought to, can , can’t, could, may, might
* MAY/ MIGHT: Dùng để diễn tả hành độïng xảy tương lai
Form:S + may/ might + V inf (I’m not sure where I spend on Tet holidays,but I may
stay in Da Lat)
* Dùng “may /might” diễn tả xin phép (permission) tương lai
Form: May / Might + Vinf Ex: May I go out now, sir?
* Dùng “may” để khởi đầu câu chúc Ex: May you live long long life!
* Ta dùng “ may as well”, “might as well” + Vinf (cũng nên, có ý định)
Ex: I may as well join in the army with my old classmates
II Pattern
1 USED TO + Vinf : Đây cấu trúc dùng miêu tả thói quen , việc thường xảy khứ Nó thành lập với cụm từ USED TO + Động từ nguyên mẫu
Ex: When I was young, I used to look after my younger brothers Note: Cần ý:
+ Used to + bare infinitive -> thói quen khứ (past habit) Ex: When he was a boy, he used to go swimming
+ To be + used to+ V-ing -> thói quen việc thường xảy (present habit)
To get + used to+ V-ing -> trở nên quen với Ex : I am used to reading in the library
2 To take someone to somewhere (a place) = đưa đến đâu, dẫn đến đâu 3 Wish sentence: Đây câu tưởng tượng hoàn toàn khơng có thật Vì động từ khơng theo Trong chương trình lớp có dạng câu ước sau:
Present S + V-ed / V2 (simple past)
Past subjunctive: Be dùng WERE cho
Past S + had + V-ed / V3 (past participle)
Future S + would / should / could + V (infinitive)
Ex : - I wish I spoke English fluently
- We wish my mother had been here with us last year - He wishes he would come to my party
4 Preposition of time ( Giới từ thời gian ) : at, in ,on, from to, for, by
- AT : + điểm thời gian cụ thể Ex : We have class at one o’clock
(50)- IN : + tháng/năm cụ theå Ex : I was born 1994
+ the morning/afternoon / evening Ex : We have class in the morning
- ON: + ngày tuần Ex : We have class on Monday
+ ngày tháng naêm Ex: I was born on April 6, 2006
- FROM + điểm thời gian + TO + điểm thời gian Ex: We have class from 7.00 to 10.15
- FOR: + khoảng thời gian : để nói diễn Ex : We walked for hours to reach the waterfall
- BY: + điểm thời gian Ex: Can you finish the work by five o’clock
5 Adverb clauses of result ( Mệnh đề trạng ngữ kết quả)
S + V + so + adjective / Adverb + that + S + V
Ex: The soup tastes so good that everyone will ask for more 6 Adverb clauses of reason ( Mệnh đề trạng ngữ lý )
- Mệnh đề thường giới thiệu “because”, “as” , “since” chúng có nghĩa “vì”
Ex: The flight to New York was cancelled because the fog got thicker 7 Adverb clauses of cocession ( Mệnh đề trạng ngữ nhượng bộ)
Although / Though / Even though + S + V + (complement – bổ ngữ)
Ex: Although he had a bad cold , he went to class
8 If clause ( Mệnh đề If ) : Mệnh đề IF gọi Conditional Clause ( Mệnh đề điều kiện) Adverbial Clause of condition ( Mệnh đề trạng ngữ điều kiện )
If clause Main clause Example
Simple present
Simple present Simple
present
Simple future If it rains, I’ll stay at home
Simple past
Would/Could/Might + V
If I lived near your house, I would take you to school everyday
Simple perfect
Would/Could/Might
have +V3/Ved
Note: + Conditional sentences ( Type 1)
- Một số biến thể mệnh đề ta thường gặp: If + simple present + may/might/can/
(51)- Một số biến thể mệnh đề if ta thường gặp: If + present continuous + simple future Ex: If you are staying for a week, we will get you a better room
+ Conditional sentences ( Type 2)
- Biến thể mệnh đề chính: Dạng điều kiện tiếp diễn dùng thay dạng điều kiện đơn:
Ex: My older sister is spending her holidays in Da Lat If had a chance, I might be staying there a week
- Dạng biến thể mệnh đề if: Thay dùng q khứ đơn ,ta dùng khứ tiếp diễn khứ hoàn thành
Ex: If he had studied harder, he could get high position in this company 9 Adjectives and adverbs ( Các tính từ trạng từ )
a- Tính từ : - bổ nghĩa cho danh từ Ex: An interesting book
- Cách thành lập tính từ :
+ Thêm tiếp đầu ngữ (prefix) vào trước động từ : a+verb adjective Ex: a+ live =>
alive
+ Thêm tiếp vị ngữ (suffix) vào sau động từ danh từ :
* Verb + ed adjective Ex: please + ed pleased (hài lòng)
* Noun + en adjective Ex: wood + en wooden ( gỗ)
* Noun + ful / less adjective Ex: hope + ful hopeful (nhiều hy
vọng)
* Noun + ly adjective Ex : love + ly lovely ( deã thong)
* Noun + y adjective Ex: rain + y rainy (có mưa)
* Noun + ern adjective Ex: south + ern southern (thuoäc
miền bắc)
* Noun + ish adjective Ex: child + ish childish (
con nít)
b - Trạng từ : - bổ nghĩa cho động từ Ex: She sings well
- Cách thành lập trạng từ :
+ Hầu hết trạng từ thể cách thành lập cách thêm LY vào tính từ:
adjective + ly adverb Ex: slow + ly slowly
+ Chú ý : Một số trạng từ đặc biệt : Ex: good well , fast fast ,
10 Adjective+ that clause
S + be + adjective past partiple + that + noun clause
Ex : I am happy that you had a new car
Note: Mệnh đề “ that clause” dùng với số tính từ :
AFRAID,GLAD,SORRY, SURE,EAGER,ANXIOUS,HAPPY,PLEASE,ANNOYED, PROUD,
(52)* AND (và): dùng để nối hai từ hai mệnh đề có giá trị Eõx: Lan likes cats and dogs
* BUT (nhưng) : dùng để nối hai câu có nghĩa trái ngược Ex: They have a lot of money, but they’re not very happy
* SO (vì thế, vậy):dùng mệnh đề kết Nó đứng trước mệnh đề mà giới thiệu
Ex: He’s ill so he stays at home
* THEREFORE (vì thế) : dùng thay cho SO tiếng Anh trang troïng Ex: The weather was too bad, our plan, therefore, had been changed
* HOWEVER ( nhiên) đứng trước theo sau mệnh đề mà giới thiệu
đi sau từ cụm từ Ex: I will offer my cat to Hoa However, he may
not like it
* BECAUSE (bởi ) dùng để lý Ex: She didn’t go to the zoo because she
was ill
Note: Chúng ta dùng “because of” thay “ because”
…… because + S + V ………because of + noun
(phrase) Ex: I was late because of the traffic jam ( kẹt xe) * OR ( hay là, là) Ex: Is your girl tall or short 12 Relative clause ( Mệnh đề quan hệ )
1 Defining relative clause : Mệnh đề quan hệ hạn định
Dùng người Chủ từ ( Subject)Who
That
Tân ngữ ( Object) Whom / Who
That
Sở hữu (possessive)
Whose
Dùng vật Which
That WhichThat Of whichWhose
* Relative pronoun: (Đại từ quan hệ ) : Dùng để nối hai câu riêng biệt thành câu.Nó thay cho hai cụm danh từ giống
- WHO: Dùng thay cho cụm danh từ người , thay cho cụm danh từ vị trí chủ ngữ
Ex: My friend, Tuan, is very handsome Tuan can sing folk song very well => My friend, Tuan,who is very handsome can sing folk song very well => My friend, Tuan, who can sing folk song very well is very handsome - WHOM: Dùng thay cho cụm danh từ người , vị trí bổû ngư ( Complement)
Ex: The old lady to whom I spoke
(53)- WHICH: Dùng thay cho cụm danh từ đồ vật ,ở vị trí chủ ngữ bổ ngữ Ex: Auld Lang Syne is a song Auld Lang Syne is sung on New Year’s Eve => Auld Lang Syne is a song which is sung on New Year’s Eve
- THAT : Dùng thay cho WHO/WHICH
* Relative adverb ( Trạng từ quan hệ )
- WHEN: Có thể dùng để thay “on which” “in which” (dùng để thời gian) Ex: The month when (in which) I was born
- WHERE: Có thể thay cho “at which” “in which” (dùng để nơi chốn) Ex: The resort where I enjoyed
2 Non-defining relative clauses : Mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định
Dùng người Chủ từ ( Subject)Who
That
Tân ngữ ( Object) Whom / Who
That
Sở hữu (possessive)
Whose
Dùng vật Which
That WhichThat Of whichWhose
Mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định đặt sau danh từ xác định, mệnh đề khơng xác định danh từ mà nói thêm điều danh từ cách cung cấp thêm số thơng tin Khơng giống mệnh đề quan hệ hạn định , chúng không thiết phải có câu , ta bỏ mà câu không trở nên mập mờ, chúng tách biệt với danh từ mà chúng thêm nghĩa dấu phảy (,)
Ex: Mrs Thom, who is my former teacher, likes bananas very much
13 Reported speech ( lời nói trần thuật) là câu thuật lại cách
gián tiếp lời nói
của người khác Để chuyển từ trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp phải:
* Một số thay đổi (Tense change) :- Nếu động từ thường thuật (reporting verb) câu khứ phải lùi động từ khứ bậc chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp (direct speech) sang lời nói gián tiếp (indirect / reported speech) theo quy tắc sau :
Speaker’s words Reported statement
will / shall would / should
am / is / are going to was / were going to
present simple past simple
present continuous past continuous
past continuous past perfect continuous
present perfect past perfect
past simple past perfect
(54)can could
Ex: Direct speech: “I’ll talk to Hoa.”said he Reported speech: He said he would
talk to Hoa main verb reporting verb
- Nếu động từ tường thuật thì động từ giữ nguyên chuyển lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp.Trạng từ nơi chốn,thời gian đại từ định giữ nguyên
Ex: Direct speech : “I’m arriving at about 6.00.”says Brenda Reported speech : Brenda says she’s arriving at about 6.00 Note: - Có thể dùng khơng dùng “that” sau động từ tường thuật Ví dụ : He said (that) he wasn’t going
- says / say to + O tells / tell = O said to + O told + O
Exï : He told (said to) Helen (that) he didn’t like coffee
- Một số động từ không thay đổi chuyển sang lời nói gián tiếp
Would would, could could, might might, should should, ought to ought to
* Một số chuyển đổi khác (Some other changes) : Khi chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp mà động từ tường thuật khứ trạng từ thời gian nơi chốn đại từ định chuyển đổi theo quy tắc sau :
Speaker’s words statement Reported
today that day
tonight that night
tomorrow the next day / the following day
yesterday the day before /the previous day
ago before
now then
next/ on Monday the next/ following Monday
last Monday the previous Monday / the Monday before
the day after tomorrow in two days’ time / two days later
this that
these those
here there
Ex: Direct speech : “ I’m leaving here tomorrow,” said Mary
(55)14.Reported questions (câu hỏi trần thuật)khơng có trật tự từ (trợ động từ trước chủ ngữ)như câu hỏi trực tiếp.Trợ động từ “do,does,did”và dấu hỏi không xuất câu
- Yes – No questions : thường mở đầu động từ “ ask, inquire,
wonder,….” Và ta dùng “if” hay “whether” lời nói trần thuật theo sau động từ mở đầu
Ex: “ Do you see new friend?” he said He asked if you saw new friends
- Wh –questions : Thường bắt đầu động từ “ask, wonder,want to know ”và theo sau nghi vấn từ : who,which,whom,what,
Ex: “ Who is going for a walk?” he asked them He asked them who was going
for a walk
15 Tag questions ( Caâu hỏi đuôi)
- Câu hỏi giống “câu hỏi đáp lại” ,nó tạo trợ động từ + đại từ nhân xưng
- Câu hỏi đuôi đặt cuối để hỏi kiểm định thứ mà khơng hay để hỏi đồng ý , gần nghĩa “ Is this true?” hay “ Do you agree?”
Ex: You’re new student, aren’t you?
Note: - Nếu vế đầu động từ đặc biệt : to be, to have, can, could, ta nhắc lại động từ phần câu hỏi đuôi, động từ thường ta phải mượn
trợ động từ như: do, does, did Ex: Students don’t drink coffee, they?
- Nếu vế đầu câu khẳng định vế sau câu hỏi phủ định ngược lại - Nếu chủ từ đại từ ta lặp lại nó danh từ ta phải đổi thành đại từ tương ứng Ex: Hoa can’t sing very beautifully, can’t she?
16 Making suggestion( Câu đề nghị ) : Câu đề nghị gồm nhiều hình thức
- Dùng“ Let’s/ Shall I/ Shall we + Vinf” diễn đạt đề nghị với thứ Ex:Let’s go to the zoo
- Dùng “Why don’t we/ Why don’t you + Vinf” diễn đạt đề nghị với thứ thứ hai
-Ta dùng “ What about / How about + gerund / noun” (Bạn nghĩ sao………?) - Dùng động từ “suggest”(đề nghị) “propose” (đề nghị,gợi ý )
Suggest (+ possessive adjective) +gerund Ex: I suggest (your) forgetting him
Suggest that + S+ present tense / should Ex: I propose that the receptionists wear uniform
Ex: I suggest that we should go to a seaside reso
I/ Give the correct tense form of the verbs in each sentence
(56)16.Ba and Phong (know)……… each other quite well for years 17.The phone (ring)……… at midnight last night
18.The Brown (travel) ………to Asia many times
19.What you (do) ………last weekend? - I (go)……… to the theater with my family
20.John and I (be)……… pen pals for nearly three years
21.We used (write)………… to each other every month when we (be)……… at secondary school
22.Minh (know) a little English, so she (wish)……… she (can) speak it fluently
23.Maryam (stay) with us at the moment She (be)……… my sister's friend
24.My mother (wash) the dishes while we (clean)……… the floor 25.Listen! The teacher (explain)……… the lesson
26.Viet Nam (have)……… a lot of mountains and there (be) many tall and big trees there
27.Lan (borrow)……… some books from the library since Monday
28.Uyen (take) ………a bus to school every day
1.The sun always (rise) in the east Look , It ( rise) ! I not think I (go) out tonight I am too tired
3 The moon (move) around the earth
4 Mai (be) very happy when she(receive) a letter from her sister this morning
5 Would you like(join) my class next Sunday? We ( visit) the local museum
6 My father (read) now He always ( read) a book after dinner
7 A friend of my brother,s (call) him last night , but he (not
be) at home So I (take) a message for him
8 Are you busy this evening ? – Yes ,I (meet) Tuan at the library at seven We (study) together
9 Mai ( telephone) you when she comes back
10 When we (be) small , our family (live) in the countryside
29.Phuong (not finish)……… her homework yet
(57)12 I ( read ) an interesting book at the moment I (lend) it to you when I finish it
13 Look at the those black clouds It (rain) 14 I (not invite) her to the party because I
(forget) her phone number
15 Look! Our new teacher (come) She (have) long , black hair
16 The boys like (play) games but hate (do) lessons 17 Please stop (talk) ; I (try) (finish) a letter to the Y&Y Green Group
18 I (not go) out this evening I (stay) at home 21 The film (begin) at 7.30 or 8.00?
22 We (have) a party next sunday Would you like (come) ?
24 While my sister and I (watch) a movie on TV last night , our uncle in the USA (phone)